Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group
MUNICIPAL, SOLID
WASTE TREATMENT
OVERVIEW AND
ASSESSMENT
ILS, Inc copyright @ 2003
Rev 1.3
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
MISSION
STATEMENT
To safeguard human
health and the
environment by using
the latest technology
to provide efficient
and cost-effective,
environmentally
friendly industrial
and domestic waste
management and
disposal.
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
WASTE STATISTICS
ANNUAL WASTE ACCUMULATION
Country
USA
Canada
Netherland
Switzerland
Japan
Great Britain
Germany
Spain
France
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Italy
kilos in 1989
PER INHABITANT IN KILOS
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
WASTE STATISTICS
This picture illustrates the quantity
of trash produced by an average
American family per year
(over 3 tons)
TM
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group
COMPARISON OF
AVAILABLE
TECHNOLOGIES
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
LANDFILL
•
Inexpensive, but most dangerous
solution
•
Sooner or later uncontrolled chemical
reactions will occur
•
•
Creation of explosive methane gases
Great danger to ground water and the
environment
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
SANITIZED
LANDFILL
A Ground Water
B Compacted Clay
C Plastic Liner
D Leach Collection Pipe
E Geotextile Mat
F Gravel
G Drainage Layer
H Soil Layer
I Old Cells
J New Cells
K Leach Pond
•
•
Costs are approx. US$ 40.-/ton
•
Monitoring of gases required for over
100 years
Ground water decontamination partly
prevented by expensive lining system
installed in the dump prior to filling
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
STANDARD
INCINERATION
B
A
D
E
F
G
C
A Waste Acceptance
B Combustion Chamber
C Slag Remover E Drier
G Active Carbon Filter
D Steam Boiler F Gas Scrubber
•
•
Proven technology for volume reduction
•
Creation of air pollution and highly toxic
ashes
•
Problematic disposal of created ashes
(approx. 25% of input)
Costs vary between US$ 200.-/ton and
US$ 600.-/ton
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
INCINERATION
WITH DIOXIN BREAKER
C
B
A
D
A
B
C
D
Waste Acceptance
Incinerator
Heat Recovery / Boiler
Gas Scrubber
•
Proven technology for volume
reduction
•
Air pollution is reduced at relatively
high costs
•
Problem of highly toxic residue ashes
remains
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
STANDARD
PYROLYSIS
Waste
Reception
Pyrolysis
Scrubber
Ferrous and NonFerrous Metals
Char
Waste Water
Treatment
Sulfur
Salts
Heavy Metals
•
•
Relatively expensive
•
Problematic disposal of created char
residue (toxic)
Permanent operating problem with
tar and oils
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
PLASMA ARC
Power
Supply
Rear
Water
Cooling
System
Cooled
Field Coil
Gas
Rear Insulator
Electrode
Vortex Gas
Injection Chamber
Front
Water
Cooling
System
Starting
Electrode
Front
Power Supply
Electrode
•
Totally destroys all organics, but shows
inefficient energy balance
•
•
Small throughput
Expensive operation and maintenance,
approx. US$ 1000.-/ton
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
ULTRAHIGH TEMPERATURE
PYROLYSIS-HYDROLYSIS
PYR MEX
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
5
3
2
TM
Infeed
Cooled infeed auger
Reactor
Pyrogas
Solid particles outfeed
Oxygen free storage
tanks
4
6
•
•
No residues or toxic emissions
•
Very economical
Great efficiency in recovering 100% of
the energy contained in waste materials
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group
ENVIRONMENTAL
REGULATIONS
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
ENVIRONMENTAL
STANDARDS
FOR AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION
 The German environmental standards
for air pollution prevention are the most
vigorous in the world:
– Cal‘n base
:
O2
– Dust
:
10 mg/Nm3 or less
– HCI
:
10 mg/Nm3 or less
– SOx
:
50 mg/Nm3 or less
– NOx
:
200 mg/Nm3 or less
– CO
:
50 mg/Nm3 or less
– Dioxin
:
0.1 Ng-TEG/Nm3 or less
– Hg
:
0.1 mg/Nm3 or less
– Cd
:
0.1 mg/Nm3 or less
– Pd
:
4 mg/Nm3 or less
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
EMISSION LIMITS
FOR WASTE TREATMENT PLANTS
HCL (mg/Nm3)
50
50
24
30
41
HF (mg/Nm3)
---
2
---
2
---
SOx (mg/Nm3)
100
300
30
300
100
NOx (mg/Nm3)
240
---
514
350
200
CO (mg/Nm3)
100
100
63
---
---
Cd (mg/Nm3)
0.1
---
---
0.1
---
Hg (mg/Nm3)
0.1
---
---
0.1
---
Dioxin (TEQ-ng/Nm3)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
---
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
LEGISLATION FOR
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
 AUSTRIA aims to ban landfill of organics
(>5%) by 2004
 SWITZERLAND bans landfill of
combustible waste
 FRANCE bans landfill of combustible
waste by 2002
 DENMARK bans landfill of combustible
waste
 NETHERLANDS bans landfill of
combustible waste, paper and cardboard,
municipal waste landfill is banned since
2000
 GREAT BRITAIN targets recycling of 25%,
currently achieves only 6%
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
ORGANICS
REDUCTION
 Pyromex guarantees the reduction
of organics to less than >1%
(German laws require >5%)
<0.05
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group
ENERGY
CONTAINED IN
WASTE
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
CALORIFIC VALUES
Secondary
Energy Material
Braun coal
Cardboard
Citrus peels
Car tires
Household waste (presorted)
Hospital waste
Manure (dried)
Neoprene
Nylon
Oil sludge
Paper
Paraffin
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polystyrol EPS
Rubber
Sewage sludge (dried)
Tar and refinery residues
Tar acid
Textiles
Wood
approx.
kcal/kg
4,500
3,800
4,500
8,300
4,500
6,780
3,760
7,100
7,570
8,800
4,400
10,340
10,990
11,030
9,800
5,600
3,300
9,200
5.600
4,000
4,200
approx.
kW/kg
5.2
4.4
5.2
9.6
5.2
7,8
4.4
8.2
8.8
10.2
5.1
12.1
12.7
12.8
11.3
6.5
3.8
10.7
6.5
4.6
4.8
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
REALITY
1
CONTAINER
The energy of 1 container
of yogurt (0.3 ltr) keeps a
light bulb glowing for 1 hour
1
HOUR
The waste put into a dust bin over 1 year
contains enough energy to heat water
for
500 bath
or
3,500 showers
or
keep the TV on
for 500 hours
Innovative Logistics Solutions, Inc.
And
The Pyromex Group
MUNICIPAL SOLID
WASTE
TREATMENT
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
CONCEPT PLAN
FOR A MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
TREATMENT FACILITY
100%
Municipal
Solid Waste
Weigh
Bridge
Administration
Building
Recycled
Materials
to Market
Electricity
to Market
FE
NFE
AL
Storage
Sorting
Recycling
Shredding
Storage
Power
Generation
Inert
Sand
GASIFICATION
Gas
Storage
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
PLANNING
 Suitability of municipal, solid
waste as energy source
 Plant sizing
 Site selection
 Calculation of recoverable energy
 Negotiation of energy sales
agreement
 Strategy for risk taking and
guarantees
 Setup of Pyromex municipal solid
waste treatment plant beneficial
to all parties involved and
environmentally friendly
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
CONSIDERATIONS
ENVIRONMENT
• CO2 Control
• DXNs Control
• Emission Control
• Landfill Control
ECONOMY
• Cost Control
• Profit
• Growth
ENERGY
• Energy Recovery
• High Efficiency
• Utilization / Sale
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
WASTE COLLECTION
 Choosing the most suitable collection
method
Container with Cover System
Covered Container
Arm Roll
Dust Drum & Packer System
Dust Drum
Packer
Compactor & Container System
Container
Compactor
Arm Roll
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
PRINCIPAL POINTS
OF PYROMEX
 Treatment of waste materials, not
simply a reduction in volume!
 Recycling of valuable materials and
energy recovery, not only waste
treatment!
 A profitable business, not just a
break-even scenario!
 An environmental education center,
not just a waste treatment plant!
 Meeting highest and most severe
environmental rules and
regulations!
TM
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
PLANT LAYOUT
50 t/d PLANT
A Storage area
B Control room
C Janitor
D Administration office
E Lab
3
16
2
1
4
B
D
C
8
5
6
7
E
10
9
15
13
14
18
13
11
12
70m
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Weigh bridge
Weigh control
Parking
Receiving bin
Preshredder
FE separation
NFE separation
Secondary shredder
Conveyors
10 Feed silo for reactors
11 Storage silos
12 Infeed system
13 Reactors
14 Collection of inorganics
15 Scrubber
16 Gas tanks
17 Gas engine and Generator
18 Induction coolers
26m
A
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
Typical List for a 50 t/d Plant
 Skip loader
1
 5m3 dump truck
1
 5 ton fork lift
1
 5,000 gal. Water truck
1
 Facility and parking lot „Street Sweeper“
1
 Low profile shuttle with 3 trailers
1
 6-cylinder pick-up truck
1
 Fire prevention unit
1
 Standard 4-door automobiles
1
 Flatbed truck
1
 On-site 8,000 gal. water tower
1
 Stationary 53,000 gal. water tank for fire
1
 Knuckle boom
1
ILS, Inc.
PYR MEX
TM
ESTIMATED MANPOWER
REQUIREMENT
Plant Engineer
1
1
2
3
Secretary
---
1
2
3
Accounting
---
---
---
---
Ground Maintenance
1
2
3
4
Helpers
3
4
8
8
TOTAL
5
8
15
18