‫ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم‪/‬ﺷﻤﺎره‪/4‬زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ‪1392‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ‬
‫در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺟﻮاد ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ)‪ ،(1‬اﺣﻤﺪ ﻗﺮاﻳﻲ)‪ ،*(2‬ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﻏﻔﺎري)‪ ،(3‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﻃﺎﻫﺮي‬
‫‪* [email protected]‬‬
‫‪-1‬داﻧﺸﺠﻮي ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ ﺷﻴﻼت‪ ،‬ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻴﻼت‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ‪ ،‬زاﺑﻞ ‪ ،‬اﻳﺮان‪.‬‬
‫‪-2‬ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻴﻼت‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﺗﺎﻻب ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻫﺎﻣﻮن‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ ‪98615-538‬‬
‫‪3‬و ‪ -4‬ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻴﻼت‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم درﻳﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه درﻳﺎﻧﻮردي و ﻋﻠﻮم درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ ‪99717-56499‬‬
‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ :‬ﻓﺮوردﻳﻦ‪1392‬‬
‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش‪ :‬ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر‪1392‬‬
‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪه‬
‫اﻣﺮوزه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺴﺘﺮده از آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آﻣﺪن ﺳﻮﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻣﻴﻜﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬از اﻳﻦ رو ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت روي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ داروﻳﻲ از اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻋﺼﺎرهﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﻠﻲ و آﺑﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ ) ‪Sargassum‬‬
‫‪ ،(glaucescens‬ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه از ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر روي ‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﮔﺮم ﻣﻨﻔﻲ اﺷﻴﺮﺷﻴﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮس وﻟﮕﺎرﻳﺲ‪،‬‬
‫وﻳﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻛﻠﺮا و ‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﮔﺮم ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ و اﺳﺘﺎﻓﻴﻠﻮﻛﻮﻛﻮس اورﺋﻮس ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫ﮔﻴﺮي ﺑﻪ روش ﻏﻮﻃﻪ وري اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﻋﺼﺎرهﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ و آﺑﻲ ﻃﻲ ‪ 48‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ دو روش‬
‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر در آﮔﺎر ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ دﻳﺴﻚ و روش رﻗﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﺎ آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺗﺠﺎري ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ داﺷﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺎ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ آن ﻫﻴﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﺛﺮي از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد‪ .‬از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮس وﻟﮕﺎرﻳﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮي ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ داراي اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ‪ ،‬وﻳﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻛﻠﺮا‪ ،‬اﻳﺸﻴﺮﺷﻴﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﻲ و اﺳﺘﺎﻓﻴﻠﻮﻛﻮﻛﻮس اورﺋﻮس ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻐﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي‪ ،Sargassum glaucescens :‬ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎره‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪ ،‬اﻳﺮان‬
‫*ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬
‫‪١٣‬‬
‫‪Downloaded from isfj.ir at 0:09 +0430 on Tuesday August 1st 2017‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي )‪( Sargassum glaucescens‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪...‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫آﻣﺪن ﺳﻮﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻣﻴﻜﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ روزاﻓﺰون ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ‬
‫‪ .(Kaliaperumal, 1999‬ﺗﺎ ﻛﻨﻮن ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﺑﺎ‬
‫آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻜﻲ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺮوزه ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﺿﺪ‬
‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮه ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﺛﺮات آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺿﺪ وﻳﺮوﺳﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮم ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﻳﺰا ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺿﺪ ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ و ﺿﺪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻧﻲ از ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ و‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮص ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻳﺠﺎد ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻏﺬا زاد و ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ و ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﺳﺖ )ﻃﺎﻫﺮي و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪.(1391 ،‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺪاران ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد زﻳﺴﺖ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎدي روي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺸﻜﻲزي و درﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫داروﻳﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ )رﺑﻴﻌﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪1384 ،‬؛ درﺧﺸﺶ و‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ درﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪1390 ،‬؛ ‪Kanjana et al., 2011; Kumaran et al.,‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﻗﺪرت ﺿﺪ وﻳﺮوﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺿﺪ ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ و ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر‬
‫;‪2010; Vairappn, 2003; Bansemir et al., 2006‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ )‪ .(Manivannan et al., 2011‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫;‪Rajasulochana et al., 2009; Vallinayagam et al., 2009‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ داروﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ درﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫;‪Al-Haj et al., 2009; Kolanjlnathan et al., 2009‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ دارﻧﺪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ دارد )درﺧﺸﺶ و‬
‫;‪Gonzale del val et al., 2001; Choudhury et al., 2005‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪ .(1390 ،‬از ﺳﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ از‬
‫‪Tuney et al., 2006; Taskin et al., 2007; Engel et al.,‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮر ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰر و ﻣﺪي و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن اوﻟﻴﻪي اﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي‬
‫‪.(2006‬‬
‫درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻮع آنﻫﺎ در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺰر و ﻣﺪي اﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮسﻫﺎ و‬
‫ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻛﺮوﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ‬
‫درﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ و اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ آن ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫داراي ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ و ﺿﺪ ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪاي ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪات اوﻟﻴﻪ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻧﻲ و‬
‫ﻟﺬا ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﻳﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﻋﺼﺎره ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻠﺒﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪات اوﻟﻴﻪ در ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎي ﭘﺮ ﺑﺎران‬
‫ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژنﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺎرهاي ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ )رﺑﻴﻌﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪ .(1384 ،‬اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﭘﺮ ارزش ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ داراي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از‬
‫آن ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺧﺎص ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ و در ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ داروﻫﺎ در ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻏﺬا و دارو ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺮ اﻧﺴﺎن را ﺑﻪ‬
‫آﻳﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ )درﺧﺸﺶ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪1390 ،‬؛ زﻧﺪي و‬
‫ﺧﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ )رﻳﺎﺣﻲ‪1377 ،‬؛ ‪Dhargalkar & Verlecar,‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪1385 ،‬؛ ‪Bansemir et al., 2006; Al-Haj et al.,‬‬
‫‪2009; Rajasulochana et al., 2009; Vallinayagam et al.,‬‬
‫‪ .(2009; Choudhury et al., 2005‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ .(2009; Srivastava et al., 2010‬ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺣﺎوي‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري آنﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂ و ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ وﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺒﺮ و‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رﺷﺪ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد )‪.(Manivannan et al., 2011‬‬
‫اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب ﺿﺮورياﻧﺪ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ دارﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ‬
‫در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ روي ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ وﺟﻮد ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻏﺬا ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‪ ،‬آراﻳﺸﻲ و ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﻨﻮل‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻧﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﭘﻮﻧﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼووﻳﻦ‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺮوﺋﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺒﺎت رﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫)‪.(Kolanjinathan et al., 2009; Kotnala et al., 2009‬‬
‫)‪.(Kotnala et al., 2009‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪي داﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﻛﺎرﻳﺪﻫﺎي ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫در ﻛﺸﻮر اﻳﺮان ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻳﻲ از ﺳﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ و‬
‫آﮔﺎر‪ ،‬ﻛﺎراژﻳﻨﺎن و آﻟﮋﻳﻨﺎت داراي ارزش و اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي زﻳﺎدي‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﻗﻬﻮهاي و ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﻗﺮﻣﺰ در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰر و ﻣﺪي ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ )‪.(Taskin et al., 2007; Kanjana et al., 2011‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ در ﻓﺼﻮل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ از ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺳﺎزي‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻲ‪ ،‬رﻧﮓ ﺳﺎزي‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ در ﻛﺸﻮر اﻳﺮان ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻛﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎي ﻋﻜﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮازم آراﻳﺸﻲ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬داروﺳﺎزي‬
‫روي ﺧﻮاص زﻳﺴﺖ ﻓﻌﺎل اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و‬
‫و دﻧﺪاﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻗﺮصﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪد زﻳﺴﺖ ﻓﻨﺎوري در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺿﺮوري ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﺑﺖﻫﺎي داروﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ دﻧﺪان و در ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ و‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم‪ ،‬از ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻌﺮوف ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪Downloaded from isfj.ir at 0:09 +0430 on Tuesday August 1st 2017‬‬
‫در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺴﺘﺮده از آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ) & ‪Kaladhran‬‬
‫ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم‪/‬ﺷﻤﺎره‪/4‬زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ‪1392‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮب اﻳﺮان ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ از ﺳﺎلﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز درﻳﺎ ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪aureus, Escherchia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Vibrio‬‬
‫ﺻﺨﺮهاي ﻣﻌﺮوف ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺻﺨﺮهاي ﺟﻨﻮب‬
‫‪ cholerae‬ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺸﻮر‪ ،‬اواﺧﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ و اواﻳﻞ زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ روﻳﺶ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻲ رﺳﺪ‬
‫ﻫﺪف از اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮه اي‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮه اي ‪) Sargassum glaucescens‬از‬
‫‪ Sargassum glaucescens‬ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰر و ﻣﺪي ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪5‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﻪي ‪ (Phaeophyta‬در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ‪ 15‬دي ﻣﺎه اﻟﻲ ‪ 19‬اﺳﻔﻨﺪ‬
‫‪Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus‬‬
‫ﻣﺎه ‪ 1390‬از ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺟﺰر و ﻣﺪي ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر در ‪ 3‬اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ )ﺟﺪول ‪.(1‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ :1‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري‬
‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ درﻳﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ‬
‫ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﺣﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬
‫ﺻﺨﺮه اي‬
‫ﺻﺨﺮه اي ﻣﻮرد‬
‫)‪(Km‬‬
‫)‪(Km‬‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ )‪(Km‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1/2‬‬
‫‪1/195‬‬
‫‪1/5‬‬
‫ﻋﺮض‬
‫ﻃﻮل‬
‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر )‪(Km‬‬
‫' ‪61 ° 11‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1/5‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه‬
‫ﻧﺎم ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻳﺲ‬
‫' ‪25 ° 08‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫رﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫' ‪25 ° 14‬‬
‫' ‪60° 45‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫درﻳﺎ ﺑﺰرگ‬
‫' ‪25 ° 17‬‬
‫' ‪60 ° 39‬‬
‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ( ﺑﻪ آنﻫﺎ اﻓﺰوده و ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻜﺎن دادن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪48‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه در ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺎوي ﻣﻘﺪار‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در ﺗﺎرﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﮕﻪ داري ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ‪ 16‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت ارﻟﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻲ آب درﻳﺎ ﻧﮕﻪداري و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮآوري ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت‬
‫ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه درﻳﺎﻧﻮردي و ﻋﻠﻮم درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪ 25‬دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ زده ﺷﺪ و در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت ارﻟﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪاري از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ و ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ در ﻳﺨﭽﺎل‬
‫وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ واﺗﻤﻦ ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 1‬ﺻﺎف و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺻﺎف ﺷﺪه در‬
‫درون ﻛﻴﺴﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ در دﻣﺎي ‪ 4‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔﺮاد ﻧﮕﻪ داري‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﮔﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﺎن ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء در دﻣﺎي ‪ 50‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺮاد ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ )‪.(Srivastava et al., 2010‬‬
‫اﺑﺘﺪا ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻸ ﺷﺴﺘﻪ و از ﺷﻦ و ﻣﺎﺳﻪ و ﺟﺎﻧﺪاران اﭘﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻋﺎري‬
‫ﺳﻮﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎي‬
‫ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ درون آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﻏﻮﻃﻪ ور ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ اﻣﻼح آن ﺧﺎرج‬
‫ﮔﺮم ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ‪ (PTCC1163) L. monocytogenes‬و ‪S. aureus‬‬
‫ﮔﺮدد و ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ آب آنﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ درون آون ﺑﺎ‬
‫)‪ (PTCC1431‬و ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﮔﺮم ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ‪،(PTCC1763) E. coli‬‬
‫دﻣﺎي ‪ 60‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻳﻚ روز ﺧﺸﻚ و ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﺳﻴﺎب‬
‫‪ (PTCC1182) P. vulgaris‬ﺧﺮﻳﺪاري ﺷﺪه از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻠﻜﺴﻴﻮن‬
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻸ ﭘﻮدر ﺷﺪﻧﺪ )درﺧﺸﺶ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪.(1390 ،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎرچ و ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎي اﻳﺮان ﺑﻮد و ‪ V. cholerae‬از ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن اﻣﺎم‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي از ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﻏﻮﻃﻪ وري ‪ 10‬درﺻﺪ ﺟﺮﻣﻲ‪-‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﺺ ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪي‬
‫ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺣﻼلﻫﺎي آب و اﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﺑﺘﺪا ‪ 20‬ﮔﺮم از ﭘﻮدر ﺧﺸﻚ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮزﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ از آزﻣﻮن ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ )ﺗﺴﺖ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺮام( ﺑﻪ‬
‫ارﻟﻦ ‪ 250‬ﺳﻲ ﺳﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ‪ 200‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫روش اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دﻳﺴﻚ و آزﻣﻮن ﻛﻤﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺘﺮ اﺗﺎﻧﻮل )ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره اﻟﻜﻠﻲ( و ‪ 200‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ آب )ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﺑﻪ روش رﻗﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫‪Downloaded from isfj.ir at 0:09 +0430 on Tuesday August 1st 2017‬‬
‫)ﻓﺮﺑﻮدﻧﻴﺎ‪1387 ،‬؛ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻤﻬﺮ‪.(1371 ،‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪...‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﺳﭙﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮنﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺮام ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ 0/5‬ﻣﻚ ﻓﺎرﻟﻨﺪ از ﻛﺸﺖﻫﺎي ﻳﻚ روزه‬
‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪.(1390 ،‬‬
‫و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺪورت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫در روش اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دﻳﺴﻚ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ )ﻛﺸﺖ ﺧﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪورﺗﻲ در آن دﻳﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺳﭙﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮنﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﻮآب اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻞ( روي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ رﺷﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫آﮔﺎر‪ ،‬دﻳﺴﻚﻫﺎي آﻣﺎده ﺑﻼﻧﻚ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﻳﺮان دارو ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬
‫آزﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎ در ‪ 3‬ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 25‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ‪ 25‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ از ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ و از ﻟﺒﻪ‬
‫آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش آزﻣﻮن ‪ T‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺧﺘﻼف‬
‫ﭘﻠﻴﺖ و ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻨﺲ اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ دﻗﺖ روي ﺳﻄﺢ آﮔﺎر ﻗﺮار‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮن داﻧﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺷﺎﭘﻴﺮو‪-‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﻘﺪار ‪ 20‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻟﻴﺘﺮ از ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام از ﻋﺼﺎرهﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻞ‬
‫وﻳﻠﻚ و ﻫﻤﮕﻨﻲ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻟﻮن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ‬
‫)آﺑﻲ و اﻟﻜﻠﻲ( ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ دﻗﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻳﺴﻚﻫﺎي ﺑﻼﻧﻚ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻤﭙﻠﺮ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ‪ SPSS 18‬اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 20‬ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪ 30‬دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻴﺶ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر درون ﻳﺨﭽﺎل ﺑﺎ دﻣﺎي ‪ 4‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔﺮاد ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‬
‫از اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻜﻮﺑﺎﺗﻮر ﺑﺎ دﻣﺎي ‪ 37‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔﺮاد ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آزﻣﻮن ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ روش اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دﻳﺴﻚ ﻋﺼﺎرهﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺪت ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ از اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪت ﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪ‬
‫آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ در ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 2‬اراﺋﻪ‬
‫اﻃﺮاف دﻳﺴﻚ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﺲ ورﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻗﺖ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)درﺧﺸﺶ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‪ .(1390 ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آزﻣﻮن از آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ‪ L. monocytogenes‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ )‪ (N30‬و ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ )‪(GM10‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ‪ S. glaucescens‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫)ﭘﺎدﺗﻦ ﻃﺐ( )اﻋﺪاد داﺧﻞ ﭘﺮاﻧﺘﺰ ﻣﻴﺰان آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ )‪ (±SD‬ﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪ ‪ 9/07 ± 0/079‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ از‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﮔﺮم ﻳﺎ واﺣﺪ در دﻳﺴﻚ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺜﺒﺖ در اﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚ از ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ‬
‫آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ روش اﻧﺘﺸﺎر دﻳﺴﻚ ﺑﺎ ‪3‬‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و از ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ داﺷﺖ )‪ (t=9.665, P≤0.05‬در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﺎ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ از ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه از روش رﻗﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺼﺎره ﺟﻠﺒﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد )‪ .(t=2.251, P>0.05‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪ 9‬ﺗﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻔﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻳﻚ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻓﻴﻠﻮﻛﻮﻛﻮس اروﺋﻮس و ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ )‪ (t=-9.915, P≤0.05‬و‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ 9 ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي اﺷﺮﻳﺸﻴﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ ‪(t=-7.971,‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺗﺮﻳﻨﺖ ﺑﺮاث اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪه و اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ ﻛﺮدن ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫)‪ .P≤0.05‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ‪ 0/22‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪار ‪ 1‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ از ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ روي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي وﻳﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻛﻠﺮا ﻧﻴﺰ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 1‬اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻫﻤﻮژن ﻛﺮدن آن ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ از‬
‫داري را ﺑﺎ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد ‪(t=10.844,‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻤﻮژن ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 2‬ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ و اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر ﺗﺎ‬
‫)‪.P<0.05‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 7‬اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ و ‪ 1‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ 7‬دور‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺗ‪Ĥ‬ﺛﻴﺮي روي ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫رﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‪ 10 ،‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻟﻴﺘﺮ از‬
‫اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ آن ﻫﻴﭻ ﺗﺄﺗﻴﺮي ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮس وﻟﮕﺎرﻳﺲ از ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﻛﺸﺖ رﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﻛﺸﺖ رﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪه‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﺖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ‪ 0/5‬ﻣﻚ ﻓﺎرﻟﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ‪ 1/500‬رﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ(‬
‫‪١٦‬‬
‫‪Downloaded from isfj.ir at 0:09 +0430 on Tuesday August 1st 2017‬‬
‫آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺮام ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﺮ‪ -‬ﻫﻴﻨﺘﻮن آﮔﺎر ﺑﻮد )درﺧﺸﺶ و‬
‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ از اﻧﻜﻮﺑﺎﺳﻴﻮن ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ در دﻣﺎي ‪ 37‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔﺮاد‬
‫ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم‪/‬ﺷﻤﺎره‪/4‬زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ‪1392‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان‬
‫ﺟﺪول‪ :2‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ )‪ (±SD‬ﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪ )ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ( ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ و آﺑﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ‬
‫)‪ ( Sargassum glaucescens‬و آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد روي ﻣﻴﻜﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ‬
‫*‬
‫‪Staphylococcus aureus‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪Escherchia coli‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪6/65 ± 0/55‬‬
‫‪7/85 ± 0/35‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪Proteus vulgaris‬‬
‫‪Vibrio cholerae‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪8/8 ± 0/2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪6/75 ± 0/5‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪8/31 ± 0/1‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫‪10 ± 0/2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪10/85 ± 0/55‬‬
‫‪7/25 ± 0/15‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‬‫‪b‬‬
‫‪7/4 ± 0/1‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ‪ 3‬ﺗﻜﺮار اﺳﺖ‪ * ،‬ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺮوف ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺎم در ﻫﺮ ردﻳﻒ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ وﺟﻮد اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار اﺳﺖ‬
‫در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ آزﻣﻮن ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اي ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻛﺪورت ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ دارد‪ .‬در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ‪tenerrium‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻛﺪورت ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫‪ Sargassum‬ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮس ﻫﻢ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﻲ دارد در‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد و در ﻛﺸﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي داراي ﻛﺪورت ﻛﺎﻫﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪي ﺑﺮ روي اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﻠﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ روش ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ را ﻣﺆﺛﺮ داﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻮع ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي ﻫﻢ ﻳﻜﻲ از‬
‫ﻛﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻋﺪدي ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻤﻲ ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Nadal‬و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )‪ (1966‬از ﺑﻨﺰن ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ‪ Parekh .‬و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )‪ (1984‬ﮔﺰارش دادﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻮﻧﻲ و اﺗﻴﻞ اﻟﻜﻞ اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮم‬
‫)‪ ،(Sargassum glaucescens‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ‬
‫دارﻧﺪ‪ Rosell .‬و ‪ (1987) Srivastava‬اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﺎ آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬دي اﺗﻴﻞ اﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل و اﺳﺘﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ داﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ دﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻬﻮهاي ﻛﺎﻧﺪا را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار دادﻧﺪ و ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮس وﻟﮕﺎرﻳﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ دﻳﺪه ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮﻣﻲ و ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي دارﻧﺪ‪ Sastry .‬و ‪Rao‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ‪ Vallinayagam‬و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )‪ (2009‬ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ‬
‫)‪ (1994‬ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي از ﺑﻨﺰن‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮم و ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮﻣﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ‪ Sargassum wightii‬ﻫﻴﭻ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ و ﺑﻴﺎن ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮم اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻗﻮيﺗﺮي‬
‫روي رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ‪ Staphylococcus aureus‬ﻧﺪارد در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
‫دارد‪ .‬درﺧﺸﺶ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )‪ (1390‬اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي‬
‫در ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮ روي اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي‬
‫درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ‪ Laurenica syderia‬و ‪Sargassum angustifolium‬‬
‫اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ‪ 6/65 ± 0/55‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ داﺷﺖ‪ .‬در اﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه از ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺑﻨﺪر ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ را ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژنﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ و روش ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي آن را ﻣﻮﺛﺮ داﻧﺴﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار دادﻧﺪ‪ .‬در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ از دو روش ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫)‪ .(Cox et al., 2010‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ اﺛﺮ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ )آﻟﻲ و ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮﻣﻲ( ﻛﻪ در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﮔﺮم ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺎرﮔﺎﺳﻮم ﮔﻠﺴﻴﺴﻨﺲ در ﻋﺪم رﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره آﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي ‪ Escherchia coli‬و ‪ Staphylococcus aureus‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫اﻣﺎ در ﻣﻮرد ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻛﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻛﻪ ‪ Manivannan‬و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )‪ (2011‬ﺑﺮروي ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺟﻬﺖ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه و‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﻗﻬﻮهاي ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻣﺎﻧﺎر اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻛﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻼف روشﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﻮل‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن داروﻳﻲ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ زي‪ ،‬اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﻴﻤﺎر‬
‫‪١٧‬‬
‫‪Downloaded from isfj.ir at 0:09 +0430 on Tuesday August 1st 2017‬‬
‫‪9/07 ± 0/079‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪Listeria monocytogenes‬‬
‫ﻧﺌﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺘﺎﻣﺎﺳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‪...‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن درﻳﺎﻳﻲ را از‬
‫روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ‪ Gracilaria salicornia‬در‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺒﺮد ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺷﻜﺴﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﻴﻮﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻗﺸﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﻲ‪ .‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ .66‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎده ﻓﻌﺎل ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻋﺼﺎره در اﺛﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ‬
‫‪..86‬‬
‫‪ 0/22‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و اﻣﺘﺰاج ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﻧﻮﺗﺮﻳﻨﺖ ﺑﺮاث( ﻣﻮرد‬
‫ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺳﺒﺰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ‪ Caulerpa sertularioides‬ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ و‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻛﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ زاﻳﻲ وﻳﺮوس ﻫﺮﭘﺲ ﺳﻴﻤﭙﻠﻜﺲ ﺗﻴﭗ ﻳﻚ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ در‬
‫ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﻠﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺸﺖ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ‪ .Vero‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺐ ﺟﻨﻮب‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ‬
‫ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻣﻜﺎن ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺎ روﺷﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ‪.9(1): 1-8 .‬‬
‫از روش ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﻪ اﻧﺠﻤﺎد ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﻃﺎﻫﺮي‪ ،‬ع‪ ،.‬ﺳﻴﻔﺎن‪ ،‬ا‪ ،.‬ﺟﻼﻟﻲ ﻧﮋاد‪ ،‬س‪ .‬و ﻧﺎﺻﺮي‪ ،‬ف‪.1391 ،.‬‬
‫ﺷﻮد ﻣﻴﺰان ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻛﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ دﻗﻴﻖﺗﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﻴﺪرواﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﺑﺮگ ﻣﻮرد ) ‪Myrtus‬‬
‫در ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫‪ (communis‬روي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﻴﻤﺎري زا‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ روي ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ زاﻫﺪان‪.15(6): 24-19 .‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﺎري زا ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺰ و وﻳﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻛﻠﺮا‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ اﺳﺎس ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﻲﺷﻮد اﻧﻮاع‬
‫دﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﺮم و اﺳﺘﻮن در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي اﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺑﻮدﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ط‪ .1387 ،.‬ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ .‬اروﻣﻴﻪ‪ :‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪.222‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻤﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ه‪ .1371 ،.‬ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ .‬اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺟﻬﺎد‬
‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪. 251‬‬
‫‪Al-Haj, N. A., Mashan, N. I., Shamsudin, M. N.,‬‬
‫‪Mohamad, H., Vairappan, C. S. and Sekawi Z.,‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﺮ و ﻗﺪرداﻧﻲ‬
‫‪2009. Antibacterial activity in marine algae‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن از آﻗﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪس اﻣﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﻔﺎن و ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻣﺤﺘﺮم ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫‪Eucheuma denticulatum against Staphylococcus‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺷﻴﻼت آبﻫﺎي ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ دور ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻫﻤﻜﺎري در‬
‫‪aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Research‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه درﻳﺎﻧﻮردي و ﻋﻠﻮم درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ‬
‫‪Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(4): 519-524.‬‬
‫آوردن ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﻮي اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ و‬
‫‪Bansemir, A., Blume, M., Schroder, S. and‬‬
‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ و ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Lindequisst, U., 2006. Screening of cultivated‬‬
‫‪seaweeds for antibacterial activity against fish‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫درﺧﺸﺶ‪ ،‬ب‪ ،.‬ﻳﻮﺳﻒ زادي‪ ،‬م‪ ،.‬اﻓﺸﺎرﻧﺴﺐ‪ ،‬م‪ ،.‬ﻳﮕﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬و‪ .‬و‬
‫‪pathogenic bacteria. Aquaculture, 252: 79-84.‬‬
‫‪Choudhury, S., Sree, A., Mukherjee, S. C.,‬‬
‫دﺷﺘﻴﺎن ﻧﺴﺐ‪ ،‬ع‪ .1390 ،.‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ‪-‬‬
‫‪Pattnaik, P. and Bapuji, M., 2005. In vitro‬‬
‫ﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ‪ Laurencia snyderiae‬و ‪Sargassum‬‬
‫‪antibacterial activity of extracts of selected marine‬‬
‫‪angustifolium‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژنﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺐ‬
‫‪algae and mangroves against fish pathogens.‬‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮب‪ .‬ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه زﻳﺴﺖ‪ -‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس‪17-22 .‬‬
‫‪Asian Fisheries Science, 18: 285-294.‬‬
‫‪.4(1):‬‬
‫رﻳﺎﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ح‪ .1377 ،.‬ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮان‪ :‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه اﻟﺰﻫﺮا‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ‪.200-201‬‬
‫‪Cox, S., Abu-Ghannam, N. and Gupta, S., 2010.‬‬
‫‪and‬‬
‫‪antioxidant‬‬
‫‪the‬‬
‫‪of‬‬
‫‪assessment‬‬
‫‪An‬‬
‫‪antimicrobial activity of six species of edible Irish‬‬
‫رﻳﺒﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ر‪ ،.‬اﺳﺪي‪ ،‬م‪ ،.‬ﻧﮋاد ﺳﺘﺎري‪ ،‬ط‪ ،.‬ﻣﺠﺪ‪ ،‬ا‪ .‬و ﺳﻬﺮاﺑﻲ‬
‫‪seaweeds. International Food Research Journal,‬‬
‫ﭘﻮر‪ ،‬ج‪ .1384 ،.‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻨﻮع ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻫﺎ در‬
‫‪17: 205-220.‬‬
‫‪١٨‬‬
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‫اﺳﺎس ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺪون ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن و ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ‬
‫زﻧﺪي‪ ،‬ك‪ ،.‬ﺑﻬﻤﻨﻴﺎر‪ ،‬م‪ .‬و ﺳﺮﻃﺎوي‪ ،‬ك‪ .1385 ،.‬اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره‬
1392 ‫زﻣﺴﺘﺎن‬/4‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬/‫ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان‬
Kumaran, S., Deivasigamani, B., Alagappan, K.,
Sakthivel, M. and Karthikeyan, R., 2010.
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١٩
Review
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...‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ و اﺗﺎﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻗﻬﻮهاي در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬
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algae, Laurencia majuscule (Rhodomelaceae,
٢٠
1392 ‫زﻣﺴﺘﺎن‬/4‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬/‫ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان‬
Antibacterial activity of the brown algae (Sargassum glaucescens)
ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Chabahar coasts,
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Oman Sea, Iran
Peymani, J (1); Gharaei, A*(2); Ghaffari, M (3); Taheri, A.(4)
[email protected]
1-Ms.C Student of Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources University of
Zabol.
2-Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and International Hamoon Wetland
Research Institute, University of Zabol, Iran, P.O.Box: 98615-538.
3,4-Fisheries Dept., Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran, P.O.
Box: 99717-56499.
Received: March 2013
Accepted: August 2013
Key words: Sargassum glaucescens, Antibacterial effects, Extract, Chabahar, Iran
Abstract
The widespread uses of antibiotics have been resulted in resistant strains of microorganisms
and increasing of worldwide antibiotic resistance. Thus the investigations on new natural
antibacterial agents as new drugs are important. According to the previous researches, some
multicellular marine algae have significant antibacterial properties. In the present study,
antibacterial effects of organic and aqueous extracts of Sargassum glaucescens (collected
from Chabahar’s coast, Oman Sea, Iran) were tested on three strains of Gram-negative
bacteria: E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae and two strains of Gram-positive bacteria:
Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Extractions were obtained by immersion
method after 48 hours. Antibacterial effects were investigated by the disk diffusion method
and serial dilutions in tube to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The ethanolic
extract showed the largest impact on the L. monocytogenes with significant difference than
that by the neomycin. Yet, the aqueous extract showed no effects. Ethanolic extract of algae
had no effects on the Proteus vulgaris.
The results of present study demonstrated that Ethanolic extract of S. glaucescens had reliable
antibacterial effects against L. monocytogenes, Vibrio cholerae, E. coli and Staphylococcus
aureus.
٢١