Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1-1
2. Problem Statement ...................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Regulatory Background ......................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Beneficial Uses and Water Quality Objectives ................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 Basis for Adoption of 2004 Nutrient TMDL ..................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2.1 Lake Elsinore ................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2.2 Canyon Lake .................................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.2.3 2004 TMDL Adoption .................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.1.3 Basis for TMDL Revision .......................................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2 Characteristics of Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake..................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.1 San Jacinto River Watershed .................................................................................................................. 2-3
2.2.2 Lake Elsinore................................................................................................................................................. 2-4
2.1.3 Canyon Lake .................................................................................................................................................. 2-5
2.3 Historical and Current Conditions..................................................................................................................... 2-6
2.3.1 Lake Elsinore................................................................................................................................................. 2-6
2.3.1.1 Monitoring History ....................................................................................................................... 2-6
2.3.1.2 Water Quality .................................................................................................................................. 2-8
2.3.1.3 Aquatic Biology ............................................................................................................................2-12
2.3.2 Canyon Lake ................................................................................................................................................2-15
2.3.2.1 Monitoring History .....................................................................................................................2-15
2.3.2.2 Water Quality ................................................................................................................................2-26
2.3.2.3 Aquatic Biology ............................................................................................................................2-20
2.3.3 Sensitivity of Biological Communities to Proximate Stressors .............................................2-21
2.3.3.1 Conductivity...................................................................................................................................2-22
2.3.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen ........................................................................................................................2-22
2.3.3.3 Ammonia .........................................................................................................................................2-23
2.3.3.4 Zooplankton Food Sources ......................................................................................................2-24
2.4 Unique Characteristics of Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake...................................................................2-24
2.4.1 Extended Drought .....................................................................................................................................2-25
2.4.2 Sediment and Nutrient Retention ......................................................................................................2-26
2.2.2.1 Lake Elsinore .................................................................................................................................2-26
2.2.2.2 Canyon Lake ..................................................................................................................................2-27
2.4.3 Watershed Soil Erosion ..........................................................................................................................2-28
2.4.4 Canyon Lake Dynamics ...........................................................................................................................2-28
2.5 Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................2-28
2.6 References (to be moved to Chapter 9 in Final TMDL Report) ...........................................................2-29
3. Numeric Targets .......................................................................................................... 3-1
4. Source Assessment ...................................................................................................... 4-1
5. Linkage Analysis........................................................................................................... 5-1
6. Wasteload Allocations and Load Allocations ................................................................ 6-1
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Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Revision  Table of Contents
7. Implementation Plan ................................................................................................... 7-1
8. Monitoring Requirements ............................................................................................ 8-1
9. References................................................................................................................... 9-1
List of Figures
Figure 2-1. Location of Lake Elsinore Sample Locations .............................................................................. 2-38
Figure 2-2. Total Phosphorus Concentrations in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2016 ..................................... 2-39
Figure 2-3. Total Nitrogen Concentrations in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2016 ........................................... 2-39
Figure 2-4. Nitrogen to Phosphorus Ratios in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2016........................................... 2-40
Figure 2-5. Total Ammonia Concentrations in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2016.......................................... 2-40
Figure 2-6. Un-ionized Ammonia Concentrations in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2016.............................. 2-41
Figure 2-7. Chlorophyll a Concentrations (Depth Integrated) in Lake Elsinore - 2002-2015 ..... 2-41
Figure 2-8. Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations (Depth Integrated) in Lake Elsinore 2002-2016 ................................................................................................................................................. 2-42
Figure 2-9. Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations (1-m from Bottom) in Lake Elsinore 2002-2016 ................................................................................................................................................. 2-42
Figure 2-10. TDS Concentrations in Lake Elsinore - 2003-2016 .............................................................. 2-43
Figure 2-11. Location of Canyon Lake Sample Locations ............................................................................. 2-44
Figure 2-12. Total Phosphorus Concentrations in Canyon Lake - 2001-2016 .................................... 2-45
Figure 2-13. Total Nitrogen Concentrations in Canyon Lake - 2001-2016 .......................................... 2-45
Figure 2-14. Nitrogen to Phosphorus Ratios in Canyon Lake - 2001-2016.......................................... 2-46
Figure 2-15. Total Ammonia Concentrations in Canyon Lake - 2007-2016......................................... 2-46
Figure 2-16. Un-ionized Ammonia Concentrations in Canyon Lake - 2007-2016............................. 2-47
Figure 2-17. Chlorophyll a Concentrations (Depth Integrated) in Canyon Lake 2001-2015............................................................................................................................................. 2-47
Figure 2-18. Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations in Canyon Lake (Main Basin) –
2007-2016............................................................................................................................................. 2-48
Figure 2-19. Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations in Canyon Lake (East Basin) –
2002-2016............................................................................................................................................. 2-48
Figure 2-20. TDS Concentrations in Canyon Lake - 2001-2016 ................................................................ 2-49
Figure 2-21. 10-Year Rolling Average Annual Runoff Inflow to Lake Elsinore from San Jacinto
River watershed ................................................................................................................................. 2-49
Figure 2-22. Cumulative Delivery of Runoff Volume to Lake Elsinore from the San Jacinto
River (1964-2016)............................................................................................................................. 2-50
Figure 2-23. Modeled water level in Lake Elsinore for Scenarios with and without
Supplemental Water Additions .................................................................................................... 2-50
Figure 2-24. Estimated Concentration of Mobile-P in Canyon Lake Bottom Sediments Based
on 2014 Hydroacoustic Survey .................................................................................................... 2-51
Figure 2-25. Annual Runoff Volume into Canyon Lake and Overflow to Lake Elsinore ................. 2-51
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Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Revision  Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 2-1. Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake Beneficial Uses and Water Quality Objectives............2-31
Table 2-2. Summary of Fish Kills in Lake Elsinore, 1915 - Present ..........................................................2-33
Table 2-3. 2004 TMDL Numeric Compliance Targets ....................................................................................2-33
Table 2-4. Canyon Lake Water Depth and Secchi Depth ...............................................................................2-34
Table 2-5. Historical Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrient, Chlorophyll a, and TDS Summary for Lake
Elsinore between 2002 and 2016 (TMDL Compliance Monitoring).................................2-34
Table 2-6. EPA 1975 Eutrophic Survey Results of Lake Elsinore ..............................................................2-35
Table 2-7. Nutrient and Chlorophyll a Concentrations in Canyon Lake between 2000 and
2001 ..............................................................................................................................................................2-35
Table 2-8. Historical Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrient, Chlorophyll a, and TDS Summary for
Canyon Lake between 2002 and 2016 - Sites CL-07 and CL-08 (Main Basin)
(TMDL Compliance Monitoring) ......................................................................................................2-36
Table 2-9. Historical Dissolved Oxygen, Nutrient, Chlorophyll a, and TDS Summary for
Canyon Lake between 2002 and 2016 - Sites CL-09 and CL-10 (East Basin)
(TMDL Compliance Monitoring)
Table 2-10. Years with Reported Drought Conditions or Completely Dry Lakebed .........................2-36
Table 2-11. Sediment Accumulation in Canyon Lake since 1986 ..............................................................2-37
Table 2-12. Key Differences between Canyon Main Lake and East Bay .................................................2-37
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Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Revision  Table of Contents
Appendices
Appendix A
Supporting Biological Data
Appendix B
Historical Overview of Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake Region (TBD)
Appendix C
TBD
Appendix D
TBD
Etc.
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Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Revision  Table of Contents
Acronyms
AgNMP
Alum
Basin Plan
BMP
BOD
°C
CAFO
CDFG
cfs
CNRP
COD
DO
DOC
DYRESM-CAEDYM
EPA
EVWMD
ft
in/yr
LA
LEAMS
LEMA
LEMP
LID
mL
mg/mL
µg/L
µS/cm
MS4
MUN
NAWQA
NPDES
Org/L
Ortho-P
POA
RCFCWCD
REC1
REC2
Santa Ana Water Board
SAWPA
SMAV
SSD
Task Force
TKN
TDS
TOC
TN
TP
State Water Board
TMDL
UCR
USGS
Agricultural Nutrient Management Plan
Aluminum sulfate
Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin
best management practice
Biological Oxygen Demand
degrees Celsius
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
California Department of Fish and Game
cubic feet per second
Comprehensive Nutrient Reduction Plan
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Dissolved Oxygen
Dissolved Organic Carbon
Dynamic Reservoir Simulation Model - Computational Aquatic
Ecosystem Dynamics Model
Environmental Protection Agency
Elsinore Valley Water Management District
feet
Inch/year
Load allocation
Lake Elsinore Aeration and Mixing System
Lake Elsinore Management Authority
Lake Elsinore Management Plan
Low Impact Development
milliliters
milligrams/milliliter
Micrograms/liter
microSiemens/centimeter
Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System
Municipal and Domestic Water Supply
National Water Quality Assessment
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Organisms/Liter
Organic Phosphorus
Property Owners Association
Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District
Water Contact Recreation
Non-Contact Water Recreation
Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board
Santa Ana Watershed Protection Authority
Species Mean Acute Value
Species Sensitivity Distribution
Lake Elsinore/Canyon Lake Task Force
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Organic Carbon
Total Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
State Water Resources Control Board
Total Maximum Daily Load
University of California, Riverside
U.S. Geological Survey
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Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake TMDL Revision  Table of Contents
WARM
WLA
WRCAC
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Warm Freshwater Aquatic Habitat
Wasteload Allocation
Western Riverside County Agricultural Coalition
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