Hydrogen Safety in Japan
Kiyoshi YOSHIZUMI
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization(NEDO)
1
Why Hydrogen?
To promote Hydrogen Energy,
there are reasons such as;
Reducing
Environmental
Burdens
Energy
Security
Competitiveness
2
Japan’s Road Map toward Hydrogen Society
“Strategic Road Map for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells”
( Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, METI)
Phase:1
Installation Fuel Cell
2020
Tokyo Olympic /
Paralympics
2030
2040
2009: Micro-CHP FC
2015: FCV
2017: Large-CHP FC
around 2020:
FCV fuel cost
≦ HEV fuel cost
around 2025:
FCV cost competitive
≧ HEV
Phase:2
H2 Power Plant/
Mass Supply Chain
- Accelerate RD&D
- Realize reasonable
H2 Price
2nd half of 2020’s:
-H2 Cost (CIF) : JPY30/Nm3
-Enhance Supply Chain
in Japan
around 2030:
-Import H2 from overseas
-Full Scale H2 Power Plant
Phase:3
CO2-free Hydrogen
around 2040:
-Full Scale CO2-free H2
(w/ Renewable Energy, CCS, etc)
Create New Market on Hydrogen / Fuel Cell (Japan)
Approx. 1 trillion yen in 2030 → Approx. 8 trillion yen in 2050
3
NEDO’s approach realizing Hydrogen Society
Step 1: micro-CHP/ Enefarm
- to make fuel cell to those familiar
Step 2: FCV / Hydrogen Refueling Station
- to use hydrogen as energy
Step 3: Hydrogen Power Generation
- to expand hydrogen demand
Realizing Hydrogen Society
4
NEDO’s Activities
NEDO’s Budget for Hydrogen Energy in 2015
14%
34%
Fuel Cell
17%
Hydrogen Refueling Station
35%
Hydrogen Supply Chain
Power to Gas
Total: JPY 11,860 million (85 million Euro)
5
NEDO’s Project: HRS
Item 1: Streamlining Regulations
“Regulation Reform Plan” (Cabinet approved in June 2013)
- 24 items were identified as priority
(e.g. location, distance, materials, etc.)
Item 2: R&D on low cost equipment for HRS
e.g. Compressor, Pre-cooler, Reformer, etc.
Item 3: HRS Reliability
e.g. Safety, Awareness, Added Value, etc.
6
NEDO’s Project: HRS
Item1:Streamlining Regulation
Regulations on operations
Regulations on location
Regulations on materials
Transport regulations
Multistation
Accumulator
Compressor
Hydrogen trailer
Storage
Hydrogen
production unit
Hydrogen dispenser
H2
Clearance/distance regulations
Open space
for fueling
Other traffic regulations
7
NEDO’s Project: HRS
Item2:R&D on Low Cost Equipment for HRS
-The present cost of supply equipment is 500 to 600 million yen.
-The goal is to reduce the cost of H2 refueling stations by half.
Engineering
work cost
for devices
Civil
engineering
work cost
Various other
piping items
Hydrogen
production
Unit
compressor
Dispenser
D ispense r
Pressure vessel
Precooler
Gas
B r ine
Gas
(還 )
B r ine
(往 )
Cost breakdown for
hydrogen refueling station
Type II
Example of medium-scale on-site costs
CFRP
Cr-Mo liner
8
NEDO’s Project: HRS
Equipment, System
to reduce Human Error
Professional Operator
to ensure safety
Item3:
HRS Reliability
Automatic Fueling
Software
S1
S2
User-friendliness
to avoid risk
by non-professional
Monitoring System of
HRS
By Each Company
SelfFueling
Sharing of Safety
Information
･Streamlining Regulations
･Safety Manual etc.
Case study
for self-fueling
2025年
Reduction of parts to
reduce the risk
Education &
Training
2015
(Beginning)
High-frequency
Inspection
さい
Training system
for natural disaster
Reinforcement of
preparing for natural
disaster, thunder etc.
-Further Safety & Security
-Enhancement of
Social Acceptability
S4
New Tech.Development
for sensor etc.
Database
Safety Handbook
Voluntary Standards
Etc.
(JHFC3)
Hardware
Seamless pipe etc
to reduce leak
･Development of new
structural materials
･Review of design
factor
S3
Tech. Development
for durability life
（Hose etc.）
Material
･Characteristics for
temp., press.
･Material Design
Outreach
Activity
…Ongoing
Eenhancement of
knowledge for
Hydrogen Safety
Disaster
Countermeasure
Social Acceptability
Appropriate
Information Provision
9
NEDO’s Activities: Safety & Security －S1
Education & Training
FCV Application
Inspection
Vehicle Guidance
Narita H2 ST
Maintenance
H2 Fueling
Training
Osaka H2 ST
Guideline
10
NEDO’s Project: Safety & Security －S2
Sharing of Safety Information
Commercial ST
HySUT ST
Feedback
Accident
Trouble
Data
Accident
Trouble
Data
New
Technology
Development
Data
Distribution
Data
Collection
Data
Analysis
Feedback
International
Partnership
Safety Database
HySUT
11
NEDO’s Project: : Safety & Security －S3
Outreach Activity
Portal Site of Hydrogen Energy
http://www.hydrogen-navi.jp/
12
NEDO’s Activities: Safety & Security －S4
New Technology Development for ensuring “Safety”
The followings are on-going projects.
-Welding Joint for high pressure hydrogen gas
-Guideline for countermeasure of Thunder Damage
-Hydrogen Gas Sensor for applying quartz crystal
-Optical Hydrogen Gas Sensor and Leak Detector
-Monitoring System with visualization of flame
13
Conclusion
To popularize Hydrogen and expand Infrastructure
Current Status
Cost Reduction
•Streamlining Regulations
•Simplification of system
components
Future Activity
•To establish Business Model
•To achieve Mass production
•To standardize system components
To Ensure more
•Safety Database for HRS
•To enforce International
safety and security •Training Manual for
cooperation of Safety Database
professional operator
•To realize Self-fueling
•Guideline for Refueling, Quality,
Measurement etc.
Social
Acceptability
•Portal site
•Participation in exhibitions to
introduce Hydrogen Society
•To enhance knowledge for
Hydrogen Safety
14
NEDO’s Activities: Hydrogen Supply Chain
Future image of production, storage, transportation and utilization
Overseas
Japan
H2 refueling station
LNG Terminal
H2
Fossil fuel such as
oil associated gas,
brown coal
Chemical Hydride
City Gas, LP Gas
H2
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Refinery etc.
Pipeline
Compressed H2
Renewable Energy
Dispersed Power
Supply
H2
H2
Liquid Hydrogen
By-Product H2 etc.
Liquid Hydrogen
Chemical Hydride
Hydrogen power
Generation
Develop Hydrogen Demand
15
www.nedo.go.jp
New Energy & Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO)