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Ch. 7
CELL RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYTHESIS –
ESSENTIAL VOCAB
Name ________________________________________________
1. Cellular Respiration
2. ATP
3. Mitochondria
4. Glucose/C6H12O6
5. Autotroph
6. Heterotroph
7. Aerobic Respiration
8. Anaerobic Respiration
9. Fermentation
10. Lactic Acid
11. Photosynthesis
12. Chloroplast
13. Chlorophyll
A process in the mitochondria of all cells that converts
glucose to usable energy in the form of ATP
Energy from cellular respiration
Cell organelle where respiration occurs and ATP is
made
Sugar molecule, converts to ATP during cellular
respiration
An organism like a plant that can make its own food
through photosynthesis
An organism like a consumer that cannot make its
own food and must obtain it from the environment
Respiration involving the use of Oxygen to break
down glucose and convert it to ATP, 36 ATP
Respiration not involving the use of Oxygen to break
down glucose and convert it to ATP, 2ATP
A type of anaerobic respiration in yeasts that
produces alcohol
A temporary waste product of anaerobic respiration
in humans causing muscle fatigue and cramping
A process in the chloroplasts of plant and algae cells
that absorbs sunlight and gases to produce glucose
Cell organelle that captures suns energy for
photosynthesis
Pigment in chloroplasts that captures suns energy for
photosynthesis
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14. Stomata
Openings/pores on leaves that allow for the exchange
or oxygen, carbon, and water gases
15. Guard Cells
Cells surrounding stomata on leaves that regulate the
size of the stomata
16. Homeostasis
The maintaining of a cells/organisms constant internal
environment to sustain life
17. Oxygen/Carbon Cycle The cycling of gases that exist between the processes
of cellular respiration and photosynthesis
3
BELLRINGER:
Essential Questions:
1. Why do
organisms need a
supply of energy?
Cell Respiration & Photosynthesis
All living organisms must be able to
obtain energy from the environment
in which they live.
Review Autotroph vs. Heterotroph

Autotroph
An organism like a plant that can make its own food, a producer
“can convert inorganic gases into organic food”
2. Relate
mitochondria in the
cells to cellular
respiration and ATP.

Heterotroph
An organism like a consumer that cannot make its own food and
must obtain it form the
environment
What is cellular respiration?
The process of releasing ATP/energy
from the breakdown of glucose
molecules
3. Describe the
importance,
process, and
location in the cell
of cellular
respiration.
Where in the cells of organisms does it occur? When does it occur?
Mitochondria of all cells, all the time 24/7
What types of organisms carry out cellular respiration? Why?
All organisms because they need ATP for all
life functions
Give examples of cell processes that require energy
Growth, Regulation, Nutrition, Transport,
Reproduction, Excretion, Synthesis
How is energy stored in a cell

SUMMARY:
ATP Adenosine
Triphosphate
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BELLRINGER:
Essential Questions:
1. Compare and
contrast aerobic vs.
anaerobic
respiration.
Two types of cellular respiration

Aerobic
Respiration that uses Oxygen to breakdown
glucose and release ATP, 36 ATP

Anaerobic (aka Fermentation)
Respiration that does not use Oxygen to
breakdown glucose and release ATP, 2 ATP
Formula for Aerobic respiration therefore is:
O2 + C6H12O6
2. Discuss why
bacteria are capable
of anaerobic
respiration.
(from breathing) (from eating)
ATP + CO2 + H2O
(energy)
(waste)
Formula for Anaerobic respiration therefore is:
C6H12O6
ATP + CO2 + H2O
Types of organisms who perform anaerobic respiration?
Bacteria and Yeast
3. What causes the
buildup of lactic acid
in human muscle
cells?
SUMMARY:
When humans are forced to carry on anaerobic respiration temporarily?
During extreme exercise or cell energy use, we
may temporarily not have enough oxygen for
aerobic respiration and may go into a “panic
mode” anaerobic phase producing a burning
lactic acid waste in our muscles, a
“feel the burn sensation”
(waste)
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BELLRINGER:
Essential Questions:
1. Write the equation
for photosynthesis.
Trapping Energy from Sunlight

Photosynthesis
A process in plants and algae that captures
gases and suns energy and converts them to
glucose
The organelle where photosynthesis occurs
Chloroplasts
2. Describe
importance, process,
and location in the cell Types of organisms photosynthesis occurs in
of photosynthesis.
Plants and Algae, some plant like
Protists (autotrophic organisms)
The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis
A pigment in chloroplasts that
absorbs suns energy for
photosynthesis
3. How do plant cells
maintain homeostasis
of water and gas loss
for photosynthesis?
The chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
CO2
+
H2O
C6H12O6
Adaptations on plant leaves for photosynthesis:
 Stomata and Guard Cells
Pores/openings on leaves that
regulate water and gas
exchange for both
photosynthesis & respiration.
Guard cells surround stomata
and regulate the opening size.
SUMMARY:
+
O2
+
H2O
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BELLRINGER:
Essential Questions:
1. Compare and
Contrast
Photosynthesis with
cellular respiration.
Factors affecting rates of photosynthesis:

Temperature
As temperature increases, the rate of
photosynthesis increases, but only until an
optimal point and then it decreases.

Light Intensity
As light intensity increases, the rate of
photosynthesis increases, but only until a
point and then remains constant.
2. Describe factors
affecting
photosynthesis.

Carbon Concentration
As carbon dioxide level increases, the
rate of photosynthesis increases, but
only until a point and then remains
constant.
Photosynthesis
Glucose made
3. Draw the
oxygen/carbon cycle
and label both
processes.
Cellular Respiration
Original energy from sun
Glucose broken down to yield
ATP
Original energy from glucose
Carbon dioxide is taken in
Carbon dioxide is given off
Oxygen is given off
Oxygen is taken in
Chloroplasts of plants/algae Mitochondria of all cells
SUMMARY:
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BELLRINGER:
Essential Questions:
1. Explain the role of
respiration and
photosynthesis in the
Carbon and Oxygen
cycle.
Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis
complete the CO2 and O cycle

Respiration
All organisms carry out cellular
respiration in the mitochondria of
their cells. They take in oxygen to
convert glucose to usable ATP. In the
process carbon is released as a waste.

Photosynthesis
Plants and algae carry out photosynthesis in the chloroplasts of
their cells. They take in carbon and water from the environment
and convert it to glucose for their own food. In the process
oxygen is released as a waste.

SUMMARY:
Complete the diagram below with the words in the correct circles or both.