Satellite applications to oceanography
and fisheries
Case studies
from the Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere
A. Silva, S. Garrido, A.M.Santos
IPMA, I.P. - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, I.P.
Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal
ENCONTRO CIÊNCIA 2017 - 3-5 July 2017, Lisbon, Portugal
Satellite applications - Case studies
Earth observation information to support the development of
methods, tools & services:
-
HAB nowcast and early warning
-
Aquaculture and fisheries management
-
Environmental monitoring of marine and coastal areas
2009-2013
2013-2016
Forecasting Oceanic Events – Harmful Algal Blooms
http://www.asimuth.eu/
Applied Simulations and Integrated Modelling for the
Understanding of Toxic and Harmful Algal Blooms
Supported by the EC FP7 Programme, Space Theme
Grant Agreement No.: 261860
What do we plan to deliver?
A 3-4 day Harmful Algal
Bloom forecast for the
aquaculture industry
situated along Europe’s
Atlantic margin
A GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment
and Security) downstream service to the
European Aquaculture Industry
DOMMRS, MI, IFREMER, SAMS, IPMA, IST, IEO, Starlab, Numerics Warehouse Ltd.
Basic methodologies and outcomes
In situ
data
• monitoring programs
• species/toxic identification
• low spatial/temporal resolution
Remote
sensing
• model validation (temp, chla)
• bloom tracking (hindcast/nowcast)
• large synoptic sampling
Model
simulations
• Identification of bloom triggers
• bloom tracking (forecast)
• high spatial/temporal resolution
Warning system
hindcast
nowcast
forecast
• The identification of key
• Delivery of nowcast for
• regional alert system to end
past events for training
the modelling system,
towards an operational
model for forecasting
events
specific HAB and location
information and transport
pathways
users , web-published on a
periodic basis
http://www.asimuth.eu/en-ie/Hab-Bulletin/Pages/default.aspx,
https://www.ipma.pt/en/pescas/bivalves/prev.toxinas/
Weekly regional alert on Harmful Algal
Bloom via a web-published bulletin
ASIMUTH elected as the winner of the
Best Service Challenge of the Copernicus Masters 2013
Additional information: Satelite Chla and SST,
Model simulations: surface circulation,
temperature, particle tracking
Front page of the bulletin – Status of
shellfish harvesting areas and forecast
SAFI: Supporting our
Aquaculture & Fisheries
Industries
The SAFI Project has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/20072013) under grant agreement n° 607155
http://www.safiservices.eu/
What do we plan to deliver?
Develop operational tools and products incorporating EO data
with in situ data, for indicator development
EO data: Sentinel-2,3: GSM_CHL1, SST-ODYSSEA, HSMOY, HSMX
Assist aquaculture deployment
and environmental monitoring
during operations
Support fisheries by providing
indicators of recruitments,
abundances and shell/fish
locations
EO DATA – Biogeochemical and Physical Oceanographic parameters
CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION (CHL1)
EDDY KINETIC ENERGY (EKE)
PRIMARY PRODUCTION (PP)
A proxy for the quantity of phytoplankton
A proxy of primary production of the biomass
A proxy of energy from horizontal currents (U, V)
global coverage
1km resolution
global coverage
25km resolution
global coverage
25km resolution
Daily 1997-NRT
GSM & AV algorithm
Monthly 98-2010
AM and UITZ
Daily 93-NRT
EKE = ½*(U2+V2)
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT (CDM)
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST-PATHFINDER)
The skin temperature estimate from PATHFINDER
A proxy for salinity (inversely correlated) and marker for
estuarine waters
global coverage
1km resolution
global coverage
Daily 1997-NRT
GSM & AV algorithm
Daily 81-2012
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
PARTICULATE BACK-SCATTERING COEFFICIENT (BBP)
A proxy for the concentration of suspended matter
global coverage
1km resolution
Daily 1997-NRT
GSM & AV algorithm
SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE FOUNDATION (SSTODYSSEA) The temperature at the base of the diurnal thermocline
Atlantic NW
Mediterranean
Daily 08-NRT
Daily 1997-NRT
2km resolution
Piolle et al. 2010
FRONT DETECTION (SST-ODYSSEA)
Maximum difference in sea surface temperatures
Atlantic NW
Mediterranean
Daily 08-NRT
1km resolution
GSM & AV algorithm
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION (PSD-PICO, -NANO, MICRO) A proxy of particle (plankton) distribution/size
global coverage
25km resolution
Monthly 1997-NRT
Doron & AV algorithm
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
Data prepared by SAFI is
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
A proxy of water column vertical visibility
global coverage
Casey et al., 2010
+ local analysis for sea bottom
classification & bathymetry,
local hydrodynamic modelling
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
SECCHI DISK DEPTH (ZSD)
4km resolution
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
2km resolution
Maximal horizontal
gradients
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT (HSMOY, HSMAX, HS12)
Gulf of Cadiz
Wave data from wavemodel WaveWatch-III. Mean, max,
value @ noon.
3 hours 90-2015
18.5km resolution
global coverage
Daily 90-NRT
Ardhuin et al. 2010
82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
at the disposal of
partners for analyses,
testing, validation and
demonstration.
SERVICE 1 – Support to aquaculture development, Aquaculture Site
Optimization, Spatial Planning, and Licensing Support
Potential habitat + growth model - Potential weight
Altimetry
SST
Chla
 Shellfih site location, abundance index and maturity indicator
 Recruitment index
Combined analysis of satellite-derived SST and Chl-a data, and
abundance of spawners from previous spawning season - Linear
Discriminant Analysis (LDA), was applied to investigate the ability
in discriminating between high and low recruitment years. LDA was
able to correctly classify ~ 80% previous recruitment years
FINAL REMARKS –
Satellite applications to oceanography and fisheries management
Increase scientific return and discovery,
predition and decision making process
Knowledge
E.g.: Optical characteristics and distribution of water Biogeochemical and physical oceanography explanations
Assessement
Builiding capacity to suport
managment
Indicators
Interoperability
Downscale spatial,
temporal and spectral
resolution
E.g.: Bloom formation – Recruitment Optimum Site location - Species Distribution
and Development (growth, spawning) - Risk
Maps
Data
Monitoring
(multidisciplinary , integrated, simultaneous and near real-time)
E.g. : In situ – Multispectral sensores - Radiometers - True color image composite - Oceanographic and Biogeochemical Parameters
Retrieval and Analysis (e.g Chla, NPP, SST, Wind) – Models.