TM 6-14(draft)
Adhesive Durability
Test Method for
Determining the Durability
of Adhesives Used in Doors
under Accelerated Aging
Conditions
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
1
WINDOW & DOOR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATON
WDMA T.M. 6-2014(draft)
TEST METHOD
FOR DETERMINING THE DURABILITY OF ADHESIVES USED IN DOORS
UNDER ACCELERATED AGING CONDITIONS
Published By:
Window and Door Manufacturers Association
330 N. Wabash Avenue, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60611
2025 M Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036
® Copyright 2014
No part of this publication shall be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the
prior written permission of the publisher.
1.
SCOPE
1.1.
These test methods establish standard methods to determine the durability of adhesive bonds
between plies of wood by exposing test specimens to cyclic conditions of extremes in
temperature and humidity.
1.2.
The durability of these bonds is crucial to the performance of the door in the field. This
standard will not determine the useful age of doors in service as a result of the data obtained
during this test, it will, however, indicate what the effects of extreme temperature and
humidity will have on the performance of the adhesives used in constructing doors.
2.
3.
APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
2.1.
WDMA I.S. 1A, Industry Standard for Architectural Wood Flush Doors
2.2.
WDMA I.S. 6A, Industry Standard for Architectural Stile and Rail Doors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods provide testing, measurement, and inspection criteria using common species of
lumber and veneer used in the construction of wood flush doors. Requirements are given for Type I
(exterior) and Type II (interior) adhesive bond tests. Provisions are made for identifying construction
and type of adhesive bond of doors which fully comply with this standard.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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4.
APPARATUS
The following test apparatus shall be used when testing for conformance to this standard.
5.
4.1.
“Drying Oven” – Any large chamber which is capable of drying an appropriate number of
saturated specimens. The oven shall be capable of 50 air exchanges per minute (forced air
rather than convection) with the air flow perpendicular to the specimen faces. The oven shall
be designed so that there is at least 1” [25 mm] between the test specimens, and so that the
prescribed drying temperature is uniformly maintained throughout the chamber. A timing
device shall be provided to control the drying time to a plus ten-minute tolerance.
4.2.
“Boil Tank” – Any large container capable of exposing the appropriate number of specimens
to the effects of boiling water. Specimens shall be submerged in the tank horizontally, evenly
spaced and not touching. The tank shall be designed to maintain constant boiling
temperatures throughout. Fresh water shall be provided for each use. A timing device shall be
included to control the exposure period to within +/- 5 minutes.
4.3.
“Cooling Tank” – Any large container capable of uniformly exposing the boiled wood door
specimens to the cooling effect of fresh water at 75 degrees ± 5 degrees F [24 degrees ± 3
degrees C].
4.4.
“Cold-Soak Tank” – Any large container capable of exposing the appropriate number of
specimens to the effects of soaking in fresh water at 75 degrees ± 5 degrees F [24 degrees ± 3
degrees C]. Specimens shall be submerged in the tank horizontally, evenly spaced and not
touching. The tank shall be designed to maintain constant temperature and soaking
throughout. Fresh water shall be provided for each use. A timing device shall be included to
control the exposure period to within ± 5 minutes.
4.5.
“Hold-Down Device” – Any device(s) used to hold specimens submerged in water for the
duration of the prescribed test. The specimens are to be uniformly spaced within the device to
ensure uniform exposure.
4.6.
“Evaluation Probe” – Any device, such as feeler stock, used to evaluate the extent of
delamination of a tested specimen. The probe shall be 0.005” thick x 0.50” wide [0.13 mm x
13 mm] with a rounded leading edge, and of sufficient length to be hand-held 3” [76 mm]
from the probing end. The probe shall be scribed or otherwise marked to indicate 0.125” [3.2
mm] penetration. (See Figure 2.)
TEST SPECIMENS
All necessary specimens required for testing shall be prepared according to the adhesive and door
manufacturers specifications for spread rate and pressing / lamination techniques. The sample size and
orientation of substrates are shown in Figure 1 for either Type I or Type II testing according to the
following schedule.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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5.1.
TYPE I AND TYPE II ADHESIVE DURABILITY TESTING
This section establishes sampling, test method, test apparatus, evaluation and reporting
procedures for conducting Type I and Type II Adhesive Durability Tests as required in
Section 2.1 and 2.2.
5.1.1. Eight (8) 1” ± 0.0625” [25.4 mm ± 1.6 mm] x 2” ± 0.0625” [50.8 mm ± 1.6 mm] x 6” ±
0.25” [152.4 mm ± 6.4 mm] Aspen or Basswood boards will each be adhered to two (2)
0.025” – 0.031” [0.6 mm – 0.8 mm] x 2” x 6” [51 mm x 152 mm] strips of plain-sliced
red oak veneer. The specimens are to be carefully trimmed by the testing agent to remove
any defects at the veneer interfaces. (The resulting specimens shall consist of the Aspen
or Basswood block and two layers of veneer.) (See Figure 1.)
5.1.2. The outside edge of these specimens shall be marked for identification during later
evaluation.
5.1.3. All specimens shall be labeled as to the Company Name, Company Location, Adhesive
Type (I or II), and Press Type (Hot or Cold or other).
6.
CONDITIONING
6.1.
7.
The test specimen shall be conditioned to equilibrium moisture content at 75 degrees ± 10
degrees F [24 degrees ± 6 degrees C] and 50% ± 5% RH.
PROCEDURE.
7.1.
TYPE I
7.1.1. Prior to beginning the test, each specimen shall be examined to assure that it is properly
marked and identified. The specimens shall be marked with appropriate laboratory
sample identification.
7.1.2. The water shall be brought to boiling, and the specimens shall be placed horizontally,
evenly spaced and not touching, in the hold-down device. The specimens shall be
submerged in boiling water to a depth of not less than 1” [25 mm] no more than 8” [200
mm] for a time period of 4 hours ± 5 minutes.
7.1.3. Remove the boiled specimens from the boil tank and place them in the drying oven at a
temperature of 145 degrees ± 5 degrees F [63 degrees ± 3 degrees C] (dry bulb) for a time
period of 20 hours. The specimens shall be placed in the oven with the face veneer
perpendicular to the air flow, and spaced at least 1” [25 mm] apart.
7.1.4. Remove the dried specimens from the oven and again submerge them in the boil tank as
in Section 7.1.2.
7.1.5. Remove the boiled specimens from the boil tank and submerge them in the cooling tank
at a temperature of 75 degrees ± 5 degrees F [24 degrees ± 3 degrees C] for a time period
of 5 minutes.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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7.1.6. Remove the cooled specimens from the cooling tank and place them in the drying oven as
in Section 3.3.3.
7.1.7. Remove the dried specimens from the oven and allow them to come to ambient air
temperature before examination (maximum 1 hour.) (For reference, the specimens should
be dried to a maximum of 115% of their original weight after this one-hour period.)
7.2.
TYPE II
7.2.1. Prior to beginning the test, each specimen shall be examined to assure that it is properly
marked and identified. The specimens shall be marked with appropriate laboratory
sample identification.
7.2.2.
The following sequence shall be completed for a total of three (3) cycles.
7.2.2.1.
Place the specimens horizontally, evenly spaced and not touching, in the holddown device. Submerge the specimens in the cold-soak tank, maintained at 75
degrees ± 5 degrees F [24 degrees ± 3 degrees C], to a depth of not less than 1”
[25 mm] nor more than 8” [200 mm] for a time period of 4 hours ± 5 minutes.
7.2.2.2.
Remove the soaked specimens from the cold-soak tank and place them in the
drying oven at a temperature of 120-125 degrees F [49-52 degrees C] (dry bulb)
for a time period of 19 hours. The specimens shall be placed in the oven vertically
with the face veneer perpendicular to the air flow, and spaced at least 1” [25 mm]
apart.
7.2.3. Upon completion of the third cycle, remove the dried specimens from the oven and allow
them to come to ambient air temperature before examination (maximum 1 hour.) (For
reference, the specimens should be dried to a maximum of 115% of their original weight
after this one-hour period.)
8.
TEST RESULT
8.1.
EVALUATION
8.1.1. The following evaluation procedures apply to specimens tested by either the Type I or
Type II Test Procedure (Sections 7.1 and 7.2).
8.1.2. After allowing the specimens to cool to ambient temperature, each specimen is to be
examined individually for delamination within each adhesive joint. The extent of any
delamination observed shall be measured by attempting to insert the evaluation probe into
the delamination. The probe shall be hand-held 3” [76 mm] from the probing end and
pressure shall be applied to the probe until it buckles. The extent of delamination shall be
traced on the face along the 6” outside edge of the specimen. Both sides of the specimen
shall be evaluated in this manner such that 24” [610 mm] of glue joint edge are evaluated.
8.1.3. Record the extent of the delaminations observed on the report.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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8.2.
INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULT
8.2.1. Result of test: The sample adhesive bond shall be deemed to have passed the Type I or
Type II Adhesive Durability Test requirements providing that at least six (6) of the eight
(8) specimens tested meet the following requirement:
8.2.1.1.
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Individual specimen: The test specimen shall not show any single continuous
delamination along the outside edge perimeter which is more than 2” [50 mm] in
length and more than 1/8” [3.2 mm] in depth. Any single delamination that is felt
to be caused by pitch pocket, knotholes, shake (a natural separation along the
grain), wormholes, splits or other similar wood defects, shall be considered
acceptable. (Delaminations shall be carefully pried apart, preferably by hand, and
examined for such wood defects.)
TEST REPORT
Report results on test report form attached. The report shall include the following:





Adhesive description.
Name and identification of testing organization.
Laboratory sample identification.
Date of testing.
General test results (indicating pass or fail, and the number of failing specimens).
 Record number of samples that meet the criteria of Section 3.6.
 Record location and extent of delamination for each sample.
 Indication of testing in accordance with this procedure
 Details of any deviations from the materials and/or methods outlined in this procedure.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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2.00"±0.06" [50.8 mm±1.6 mm]
1.00"±0.06" [25.4±1.6 mm]
0.025" - 0.031"
[0.6 mm - 0.8 mm]
Plain Sliced Red
Oak Veneer
Aspen or
Basswood
6.00"±0.25" [152.4 mm±6.4 mm]
0.50" [12.7 mm]
Figure 1
0.125" [3.2 mm]
Scribe Line
For Allowable
Penetration
3" [76 mm]
0.005" Thick
[0.13 mm]
Hold Behind
This Point
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
Figure 2
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TM-6 ADHESIVE DURABILITY TEST REPORT
Name and identification of testing
organization
Test date
Description of adhesive (Adhesive
name and manufacturer)
Description of process (Cold, hot
press or other)
Sample description (describe all
components used, if different from
standard)
Accelerated aging condition (Type I or
II)
Tested by
Reported by
Concluded result
Test data
Sample
number
Original
wt (g)
Final
wt
(g)
%
Increment
in wt
Delam on veneer face
A
Single Total
Max
max
length depth
(inch) (inch) (inch)
Delam on veneer face
B
Single Total
Max
max
length depth
(inch) (inch) (inch)
Pass/Fail
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Average
Note 1: Record pitch pocket, knot-holes, shake, worm holes, splits, or other wood defects.
Note 2: Record conclusion in bold in the Average-Pass/Fail column.
WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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WDMA TM 6-14(draft)
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