Reference document for
Energy Efficiency
Michael Parth
Tallinn – Estonia
27 – 28 March 2008
Presentation outline
Why create an Energy Efficiency REF? Why a REF?
What is the regulatory requirement for Energy
Efficiency in IPPC?
How does this fit with other legislation?
Who is involved?
When? ENE project and timing
How the REF will develop?
Questions to be considered?
Why create an Energy Efficiency REF?
Special request from the EC in 2001 to make better
use of IPPCD:
• Create a special ‘horizontal’ BREF
• Focus on information and firm conclusions for energy
efficiency in the revision of the BREF series
Guidance to operators and regulators on
implementing energy efficiency for IPPC permits
One of the measures in ECCP to reduce GHGs
Why a REF?
IPPCD Art 2(11) defines for BAT:
‘available’ techniques: ‘…in the relevant industrial
sector under economically and technically viable
conditions…’
Difficult to draw BAT conclusions for the range of
industries in IPPC: oil refineries to intensive farming
Some high level conclusions may be applicable to all
(e.g. how energy efficiency is considered in
management systems)
Energy Efficiency in IPPC
IPPCD Article 3:
“MS shall take the necessary measures to provide
that the competent authorities ensure that
installations are operated in such a way that:
(d) energy is used efficiently”
IPPCD Annex IV:
“Considerations to be taken into account generally or
in specific cases when determining BAT (…):
9. the consumption and nature of raw materials
(including water) used in the process and their
energy efficiency”
Energy Efficiency in IPPC (cont.)
IPPCD Article 6.1:
Member States shall take the necessary measures to
ensure that an application to the competent authority
for a permit includes:
a description of the raw and auxiliary materials, other
substances and the energy used in, or generated by,
the installation.
IPPCD Article 9.1:
Member States shall ensure that the permit includes
all measures necessary for compliance with the
requirements of Articles 3 and 10.
Amendment to IPPCD Art. 9(3) by ETS
Directive Art. 26
"Where emissions of a greenhouse gas from an
installation are specified in Annex I to Directive
2003/87/EC (…) in relation to an activity carried out in
that installation, the permit shall not include an
emission limit value for direct emissions of that gas
unless it is necessary to ensure that no significant
local pollution is caused.
For activities listed in Annex I to Directive
2003/87/EC,
MS may choose not to impose requirements relating
to energy efficiency in respect of combustion units or
other units emitting carbon dioxide on the site.
(…)"
Energy efficiency and CO2 emissions
in the vertical BREFs
There should be a thorough exchange of information on the
efficient use of energy, with the aim of deriving BAT
conclusions on energy efficiency for all units
For combustion plants and other units emitting CO2 on the
site, MS may choose not to impose requirements relating to
energy efficiency
The BREF documents should NOT include BAT associated
emission levels (AELs) for CO2
This does NOT automatically mean that all information on
CO2 should be omitted from BREFs, as it may be useful in a
different way
Who is involved in the REF?
Large TWG: ~90 members
DG JRC (EIPPCB, IE Petten, IES ISPRA)
DG ENV
DG ENTR (+ information from DG TREN)
20 countries
MS (including 4 new MS)
1 EFTA (Norway)
32 Industry representatives (operators and
suppliers)
EIPPCB
First author: Sirpa Salo-Asikainen
Finland, Oct 2004 – Oct 2006
First draft, April 2006
Second author: Paul Tempany
UK/EC: Oct 06 (since 2002: STM, STS)
Assistant author: Cristina Fernandez
ES/EC: March 07
ENE Project and timing
Start
Oct 04
TWG 91 members
1st TWG
May 05
51 members attended
1st draft
April 06
New author
Oct 06
~ 250 pages, ~ 100 reference
documents,
~ 1000 comments
Started redrafting Feb 07
'Draft 2'
Early
KO meeting:
summer 07 no 2nd draft, no 2nd TWG
2nd TWG
Autumn 07 Now: ‘Draft 2’ with limited
consultation, 2nd TWG
Final draft
and IEF
meeting
Early 08
ENE REF Draft 1
Ch 1: Types of energy, thermodynamics,
identification of inefficiencies
Ch 2: Definitions of energy efficiency, system
boundaries, site (structural) issues
Ch 3: Energy management and related actions.
Tools: auditing, monitoring, pinch technology,
benchmarking. ESCOs and public motivation
schemes
Ch 4: Applied techniques: combustion, steam,
power, cogeneration, waste heat recovery, etc.
Ch 5: Best Practices: conclusions
Proposals for new document
Refocus on:
• Better use of IPPCD: Guidance on
considering energy efficiency in IPPC
permitting. Move non-permit issues to a
separate chapter
• Whole site and component systems (e.g.
CAS). Fits with other EU initiatives, e.g.
SAVE
Proposals for new document
Ch 1: Remove detail of thermodynamics to
annex. Provide clear introduction to energy,
efficiency and definitions of key terms. Is
thermodynamics text needed?
Ch 2: Combine previous Ch 2 and Ch 3 to deal
with ‘whole installation’ issues, boundaries,
general cross-media effects, etc..
Ch 3: Restructure around a clear, logical
‘component systems’ approach
Proposals for new document
After conclusions:
Financial: ESCOs, tax and other
incentives,
Technical: off-site transport
Detail of examples, etc. in annexes
Conclusions and discussion points so far
Is the term ‘Best Practice’ helpful or confusing?
Alternatives?
Perhaps some undisputed ‘BP’ should always
apply (e.g. design for plant updating or for new
plants should always optimise energy efficiency)
= BAT!
Energy efficiency always has cost savings, but
payback time may be long!
Conclusions and discussion points for the TWG
Is the proposed approach helpful?
Is a discussion of basic thermodynamics
needed?
How to deal with ‘Best Practise’?
Alternatives?
Could some conclusions be applied to all IPPC
installations, and how?
Thank you!
Contacts:
[email protected]
[email protected]