Invisibilty belt
How will you achieve it
DRDO is already doing it,IEEE Papers and kickstarter.com,China have it
What’s this
It,s a cloaking device
What my idea is which is not known by anyone in this world
Rather than being invisible ,one should try to reduce the size of particle(human mass)
How will it be achieved :-pattern recognition
All cells of the body will be first identified that how many cells are there,all cells will be scattered in the air ,then
will be collected by a bio magnet device which can increase the size as well as reduce the size.
Bio magnet device 
Ministry of health
iisc Research centre
What material it will be made of
Aluminium-carbon-silicon
What effects will be there-1)dielectriceffect,light will not be absorbed(it will be bounced back)
2)the bio magnet device will take all the cells inside it(like an vaccum suction device ),pattern
recognition will be there for each of the bio cell mapped
Pattern recognition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00313203
http://www.laser-gadgets.com/pulse_laser_gun.phpcontact :[email protected]
weapons
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeZqvqr3ogU
Light repellers(metamaterials)
Yes light can be bent.creating a beam of particles that can bend the light injected through a injector
placed at the waist of humans.
bristles made out of nanowires to bend light around it, rendering the object invisible
o become invisible, an object must do two things: it has to be able to bend light around itself, so
that it casts no shadow, and it must produce no reflection. While naturally occurring materials
are unable to do this, a new class of materials called metamaterials is now making it possible.
(See “TR10: Invisible Revolution.”)
Bending light around an object requires a material to have a negative refractive index. The
refractive index is a property that dictates how light passes through a medium; it’s the reason a
stick will look bent when placed in water. If water had a negative refractive index, it would make
the stick look as though it were bending back on itself.
Last year, Pendry demonstrated that it is theoretically possible to design structures of very thin
conducting wires that could have an effect on the electric and magnetic fields of microwaves,
causing them to bend in unnatural ways such as this. This theory was later backed up by
experiments carried out by David Smith and David Schurig at Duke University, in Durham, NC.
But repeating the success for visual light seemed to present problems. For one thing, making
the design used by Smith and Schurig work for visible light would require components just 40
nanometers in size.
The solution was to design a device with tightly spaced needles of nanowires, 10 nanometers in
diameter and 60 nanometers long, emanating from a cylindrical central spoke. In the current
issue of the journal Nature Photonics, the researchers show how–in theory at least–this would
cloak the object from red light of wavelength 632.8 nanometers long.
There are limitations to this approach, however. A very small percentage of light would still be
reflected, so the object would not be entirely invisible. Also, while the design can be adapted to
work for other frequencies in the visible range, the design will still only work for a very narrow
band of light.
“This is a real problem,” says Ulf Leonhardt, a professor of theoretical physics at St. Andrews
University, in Scotland, and an expert in this field. “It would look completely odd, and you would
definitely see something.” But he says that this is not an indictment of the Purdue research;
rather, it’s a general problem with research into cloaking so far.
“It’s still an important step to go into the visible range,” says Leonhardt. “And it’s a definite step
forwards.” But to make things truly disappear before our eyes, a way will need to be found to
make devices work across a broad range of frequencies, he says.
Even so, using nanowires is a very practical way forward, says Pendry. “It’s very useful because
what we really want now is to see how well people can build them,” he says. Indeed, this is what
the group is working on now. “The next step is to fabricate and test an actual sample,” says
Alexander Kildishev, a research scientist at Purdue. This work will be carried out in collaboration
with Purdue’s Birck Nanotechnology Center.
Light travels at the speed of about 670 million miles per hour (1.08 billion km/h) in a vacuum,
wo breakthroughs in the development of metamaterials - composite materials with
extraordinary capabilities to bend electromagnetic waves
Applications for a metamaterial entail altering how light normally behaves. In the
case of invisibility cloaks or shields, the material would need to curve light waves
completely around the object like a river flowing around a rock. For optical
microscopes to discern individual, living viruses or DNA molecules, the resolution of
the microscope must be smaller than the wavelength of light.
The common thread in such metamaterials is negative refraction. In contrast, all
materials found in nature have a positive refractive index, a measure of how much
electromagnetic waves are bent when moving from one medium to another.
In a classic illustration of how refraction works, the submerged part of a pole
inserted into water will appear as if it is bent up towards the water's surface. If
water exhibited negative refraction, the submerged portion of the pole would
instead appear to jut out from the water's surface. Or, to give another example, a
fish swimming underwater would instead appear to be moving in the air above the
water's surface.
Other research teams have previously developed metamaterials that function at
optical frequencies, but those 2-D materials have been limited to a single
monolayer of artificial atoms whose light-bending properties cannot be defined.
Thicker, 3-D metamaterials with negative refraction have only been reported at
longer microwave wavelengths.
"What we have done is take two very different approaches to the challenge of
creating bulk metamaterials that can exhibit negative refraction in optical
frequencies," said Xiang Zhang, professor at UC Berkeley's Nanoscale Science and
Engineering Center, funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and head of
the research teams that developed the two new metamaterials. "Both bring us a
major step closer to the development of practical applications for metamaterials."
Zhang is also a faculty scientist in the Material Sciences Division at the Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory.
Humans view the world through the narrow band of electromagnetic radiation
known as visible light, with wavelengths ranging from 400 nanometers (violet and
purple light), to 700 nanometers (deep red light). Infrared light wavelengths are
longer, measuring from about 750 nanometers to 1 millimeter. (A human hair is
about 100,000 nanometers in diameter.)
For a metamaterial to achieve negative refraction, its structural array must be
smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength being used. Not surprisingly, there
has been more success in manipulating wavelengths in the longer microwave band,
which can measure 1 millimeter up to 30 centimeters long.
In the Nature paper, the UC Berkeley researchers stacked together alternating
layers of silver and non-conducting magnesium fluoride, and cut nanoscale-sized
fishnet patterns into the layers to create a bulk optical metamaterial. At
wavelengths as short as 1500 nanometers, the near-infrared light range,
researchers measured a negative index of refraction.
Jason Valentine, UC Berkeley graduate student and co-lead author of the Nature
paper, explained that each pair of conducting and non-conducting layers forms a
circuit, or current loop. Stacking the alternating layers together creates a series of
circuits that respond together in opposition to that of the magnetic field from the
incoming light.
Valentine also noted that both materials achieve negative refraction while
minimizing the amount of energy that is absorbed or "lost" as light passes through
them. In the case of the "fishnet" material described in Nature, the strongly
interacting nanocircuits allow the light to pass through the material and expend less
energy moving through the metal layers.
"Natural materials do not respond to the magnetic field of light, but the
metamaterial we created here does," said Valentine. "It is the first bulk material
that can be described as having optical magnetism, so both the electrical and
magnetic fields in a light wave move backward in the material."
The metamaterial described in the
Science paper takes another approach
to the goal of bending light
backwards. It is composed of silver
nanowires grown inside porous
aluminum oxide. Although the
structure is about 10 times thinner
than a piece of paper - a wayward
sneeze could blow it away - it is
considered a bulk metamaterial
because it is more than 10 times the
size of a wavelength of light.
A schematic and two scanning electron
microscope images with top and side views
of a metamaterial developed by UC
Berkeley researchers. The material is
composed of parallel nanowires embedded
inside porous aluminum oxide. As visible
light passes through the material, it is bent
backwards in a phenomenon known as
negative refraction. (Jie Yao/UC Berkeley)
The authors of the Science paper
observed negative refraction from red
light wavelengths as short as 660
nanometers. It is the first
demonstration of bulk media bending
visible light backwards.
"The geometry of the vertical
nanowires, which were equidistant and
parallel to each other, were designed
to only respond to the electrical field
in light waves," said Jie Yao, a student
in UC Berkeley's Graduate Program in
Applied Science and Technology and
co-lead author of the study in Science. "The magnetic field, which oscillates at a
perpendicular angle to the electrical field in a light wave, is essentially blind to the
upright nanowires, a feature which significantly reduces energy loss."
The magnetic field, which oscillates at a perpendicular angle to the electrical field in
a light wave, is essentially blind to the upright nanowires, a feature which
significantly reduces energy loss."
The innovation of this nanowire material, researchers said, is that it finds a new
way to bend light backwards without technically achieving a negative index of
refraction. For there to be a negative index of refraction in a metamaterial, its
values for permittivity - the ability to transmit an electric field - and permeability how it responds to a magnetic field - must both be negative.
The benefits of having a true negative index of refraction, such as the one achieved
by the fishnet metamaterial in the Nature paper, is that it can dramatically improve
the performance of antennas by reducing interference. Negative index materials are
also able to reverse the Doppler effect - the phenomenon used in police radar guns
to monitor the speed of passing vehicles - so that the frequency of waves decreases
instead of increases upon approach.
But for most of the applications touted for metamaterials, such as nanoscale optical
imaging or cloaking devices, both the nanowire and fishnet metamaterials can
potentially play a key role, the researchers said.
"What makes both these materials stand out is that they are able to function in a
broad spectrum of optical wavelengths with lower energy loss," said Zhang. "We've
also opened up a new approach to developing metamaterials by moving away from
previous designs that were based upon the physics of resonance. Previous
metamaterials in the optical range would need to vibrate at certain frequencies to
achieve negative refraction, leading to strong energy absorption. Resonance is not
a factor in both the nanowire and fishnet metamaterials."
While the researchers welcome these new developments in metamaterials at optical
wavelengths, they also caution that they are still far off from invisibility cloaks and
other applications that may capture the imagination. For instance, unlike the cloak
made famous in the Harry Potter novels, the metamaterials described here are
made of metal and are fragile. Developing a way to manufacture these materials on
a large scale will also be a challenge, they said.
To make a gravitational "invisibility cloak" requires quite a strong gravitational field. Maybe the best way to do it
is to have such a strong field that the light just gets sucked into the object and cannot come out. Then you have
a black hole. Not invisible because you can tell that your light is gone, but interesting nonetheless. Here’s a
tutorial on black hol
gravitational lensing."
Electromagnetic (EM) waves cannot interact directly with light photons since photons have no charge. EM
waves do not bend light, at least enough that we can measure. If radio waves, for example, bent light
appreciably then a transmitting radio station would look blurry. But stations don’t go blurry. Actually,
electromagnetic waves can bend light through an indirect, quantum effect—but to such a tiny degree that
we cannot measure it. This quantum effect (called Delbrück scattering) "is a process where, for a short
time, the photon disintegrates into an electron and positron pair," says Norbert Dragon, physicist at the
Institute for Theoretical Physics in Hanover, Germany. The charged pair interacts with an EM wave and
then recombines into the photon with a changed direction. Thus, the EM wave bends the light
Reference https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/bending-light-with-a-magnet.282656/
Photon motion in an effective magnetic field, showing the change in photon path
radius as control voltage is changed (Image: Stanford University)
The Stanford device was made from a silicon photonic crystal structured so
that an electric current applied to the device tunes the photonic crystal to exert
an effective magnetic force upon photons. The device sends photons in a
circular motion around the synthetic magnetic field. As shown above, the
researchers were able to alter the radius of a photon’s trajectory by varying
the electrical current applied to the photonic crystal.
Breaking time-reversal symmetry, the researchers believe, will enable a wide
range of applications in photonics. “Our system is a clear direction toward
demonstrating on-chip applications of a new type of light-based
communication device that solves a number of existing challenges,” said
Zongfu Yu, a post-doctoral researcher in Prof. Fan’s lab and co-author of the
paper. “We’re excited to see where it leads.