Production and Evaluation of
Genetically Modified Crops
John J.
Finer
http://www.oardc.o
hio-state.
edu/plantranslab/
Acreage of
GMO
Varieties
Global cultivation areas, in millions of hectares
http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/agri_biotechnology/gmo_planting/257.global_gm_planting_2013.html
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&tbs=rimg%3ACb73TH4-jGIhIjgofSFNaLdqtOf4ULkl3PRUB4I46025Upxogf6U2JcAvJZaMi2pWGwLtT4LIKjrV-c29pTVw_1l1GyoSCSh9IU1ot2q0EXV
bocUzFwtaKhIJ5_1hQuSXc9FQRDdaDG3IhIjAqEgkHgjjrTblSnBFCZbP9uyqWcCoSCWiB_1pTYlwC8ET2jIOUNvN23KhIJlloyLalYbAsR9yBVu2KVQoMqEgm1PgsgqOtX5xGkcf71VotPiCoSCTb2lNXD-XUbEQl
Plant Biotechnology
::
Classical
Plant Breeding
Genetic modification of
following
a plant
introduction
cell
by introduction
of largeofamounts
defined of
undefined
DNA(s)
from
DNA
a genetically
from a genetically
similar source.
different
source.
Biotechnology:
Bio = Biology
Technology = Application
“The application of Biology”
(for the benefit of humans)
Plant Biotechnology:
1) Plant Tissue Culture
(Cloning)
2) DNA introduction
(Gene Transfer)
Cloning
in Plants
Have you ever eaten/used cloned plants?
Xmas Cactus
Poplar
Cotton
Soybean
Fern
Ohio Buckeye
Gene Identification:
Genomics
Proteomics
Metabolomics
Plant
Transformation
Agrobacterium
Particle gun
First biotech plant
product – Flav’r
Sav’r tomato
Bt Corn Reduces:
Insecticide
Application
Mycotoxin
Production
Monarch larvae on
Butterfly weed
X
Public Support Varies for Different
Applications of Biotechnology
(Includes ALL Countries – N = 35,000)
85
New Human Medicines
Crops to Produce Plastics
74
Bacteria to Clean Waste
73
71
Crops with Fewer Chems
68
More Nutritious Crops
55
GM Feed (Healthier Meat)
42
Clone Animals (Medicine)
35
Increase Animal Productivity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
(Percent Agreement)
Source: Thomas Hoban, North Carolina State University
The Benefits of Using Biotechnology
are Greater than the Risks
(35,000 Consumers from 35 Countries)
66
United States
7
27
Asia (Average)
60
15
25
Latin/South Amer (Ave)
59
16
25
55
Canada
8
44
Australia
14
40
Russia
0%
20%
42
37
38
Europe (Average)
37
23
18
40%
Agree
Not Sure
44
60%
Disagree
80%
100%
The Benefits of Using Biotechnology
are Greater than the Risks
(European Consumers)
55
Netherlands
Great Britain
42
Germany
41
8
11
49
25
34
Italy
47
10
39
Spain
37
36
18
48
France
22
24
54
Greece
22
24
54
0%
20%
40%
Agree
Not Sure
60%
Disagree
80%
100%
Willing to Buy GM Food if More Nutritious
(Net = Continue – Not Continue)
China
66
56
India
Brazil
31
25
USA
Canada
21
Japan
1
Mexico
1
Germany
-5
Australia
-5
Great Britain
-7
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Percent Response
50
60
70
“Can you think of any information not currently included
on food labels that you would like to see?”
80
75 74 78
Percent Response
70
60
50
40
30
20
7
10
13 12
9
1
2
11
1
0
Nothing
Ingredients
Hoban (10/2000)
Biotech / GM
IFIC (1/2001)
IFIC (9/2001)
Other
7
Perceptions of safety improved when US
consumers learn that biotech foods have been
in the stores.
Do you think genetically
modified foods are basically
safe, basically unsafe, or don’t
you have an opinion on this?
Now, as you know, more than
half of products in the grocery
store are produced using some
form of biotechnology or genetic
modification. Knowing this, do
you think genetically modified
foods are basically safe, basically
unsafe, or don’t you have an
opinion on this?
January 2001
25%
21%
Unsafe
46%
31%
29%
48%
Not sure
Safe
Source: Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology
“By Eating a Genetically Modified Fruit, a
Person’s Genes Could also Be Changed”
Canada
62
United States
61
18
30
29
Austria
32
25
38
23
32
30
58
Italy
24
74
Netherlands
20
60
0
20
15
30
40
60
10
18
25
55
United Kingdom
18
16
62
Sweden
Switzerland
9
39
52
France
Germany
20
15
80
100
Percent Response
False (Correct)
Don't Know
True
1996 - 1998
Source: Thomas Hoban, North Carolina State University
“Ordinary Tomatoes Do Not Contain Genes,
while Genetically Modified Ones Do”
52
Canada
45
United States
22
32
France
36
Italy
35
44
29
20
44
44
21
51
Netherlands
27
46
48
Switzerland
40
United Kingdom
0
10
39
Germany
Sweden
15
45
34
Austria
1996 - 1998
33
20
22
24
30
21
31
38
40
22
60
80
Percent Response
False (Correct)
Don't Know
True
100
Biotech Regulatory Oversight
For further information,
contact:
John J. Finer
Department of Horticulture and Crop
Science
OARDC/The Ohio State University
1680 Madison Ave.
Wooster, OH 44691
Tel: 330-263-3880
Fax: 330-263-3887
e-mail: [email protected]