Renewable Energy Support Schemes and
Feed-in Tariffs in Turkish Electricity
Market
Nurullah ÇAKMAK
Energy Market Regulatory Authority, Turkey
İstanbul, 10/05/2017
Installed Capacity of Turkey
2
Installed Power by 30th April 2017
Fuel
Installed
Power (MW)
Share
Natural Gas
Hydro
(Reservoired)
25757
32,3%
19680
24,7%
Coal & Lignite
Hydro (Runof-River)
18013
22,6%
7239
9,1%
6009
7,5%
851
1,1%
496
0,6%
13
0,0%
1195
1,5%
369
0,5%
79621
100%
Wind
Geothermal
Biomass &
Waste
Solar
Unlycenced
Other
Total
3
History of YEKDEM
YEKDEM: Renewable Energy Sources Support Mechanism (ReSSuM)
- Law on Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources for the Purpose of
Generating Electrical Energy (RES Law), 10/5/2005
- Regulation on Certification and Support of Renewable Energy
Sources (YEKDEM Regulation)
4
RES Supports
• 2005 - 2011: at least 8% of supplied energy
(5 – 5.5 Euro cent/kWh)
• 2011 - : YEKDEM :Schedule I + Schedule II
5
YEKDEM Framework in Law
RES Law:
• Voluntary for 10 years after comissioning
• RES Certification: Ministry
• Operation of «mechanism»: EMRA
• Feed-in tariffs are paid for generated energy
• Total cost is charged to suppliers
6
YEKDEM (2011 – 2016)
YEKDEM Regulation:
• YEKDEM Portfolio
• Portfolio manager: TSO (TEİAŞ)
• TSO is responsible for forecasting generation and
offering to DAM
• Profit goes to suppliers
• YEKDEM participants are exempt from BPM, Balance
responsibility, ancillary services…
• As portfolio grows year by year: Inefficient portfolio
7
management and IMBALANCING
YEKDEM (2011 – 2016)
Imbalanced Power
8
Market Prices
9
YEKDEM Participants
10
2016 Revision
• RES Law, Article 1:
The purpose of this law is to expand the utilization of
renewable energy sources for generating electric energy,
to benefit from these resources in a secure, economic
and qualified manner, to increase the diversification
of energy resources, to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions, to assess waste products, to protect the
environment and to develop the related manufacturing
industries for realizing these objectives.
11
2016 Revision
• RESSuM portfolio is abolished, power plant will
remain market participant’s portfolio
• Energy is sold by participant in the market
Market
• No more exemptions
Clearing
Price
• Mechanism in the market
YEKBEDi =  (UEVM i ,b,u  (YEKFi ,b  KURu )  PTFt ,u  j 
n
l
m

b=1 t 1 u=1
Total Payment
Generation
Feed-in
Tarif
Exchange
Rate
Tolerance
Coefficient
(0,98)
12
YEKDEM (2016 Revision)
Income from feed-in Imbalanced
tarif
Power
Income from market
13
YEKDEM Costs to Comsumers
14
Experience of Turkey
•
•
•
•
•
•
Renewable invetments 
Reducing the share of imported fuels 
Market integration 
Feed-in tariff 
Unforeseen rises in exchange rate 
System stability and security 
15
Thank you for your attention!
[email protected]