LASER TECHNOLOGY
QUANTUM THEROY
QUANTUM THEORY
 explains the nature and behavior of matter and energy on the
atomic and subatomic level
 Einstein: electrons can be “excited” to higher energy states 
release radiation when they return to ground states.
WHAT IS A LASER
LASERS
 Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
 a device that creates and amplifies a narrow, intense beam of
coherent light.
 All these lasers share a basic set of components:
➢ Energy source – the part that provides energy to the laser
system
➢ Gain/Laser medium – the part that when excited, emits
light in all directions
➢ Resonator System (Total Reflective & Partially Reflective
mirror) – is made up of two or more mirrors that reflects light
from the medium back into itself
HOW THEY WORK?
FUNCTION
 created when the electrons in atoms of a lasing medium absorb
energy from an energy source.
 When they return to their ground state, the electrons emit the
energy absorbed in the form of photons (particles of light). -The
photons released are all one specific color and are “ coherent Two mirrors are placed at either end of the lasing medium. The
mirrors reflect the light backwards and forwards, and on every
trip, more and more photons are generated. One of the mirrors
doesn’t reflect everything. Instead , it lets a small percentage of
the light out, and we see one defined beam of light in the form of
a laser
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4 CLASSES OF LASERS
CLASSES
 There are four classes of laser which depends on the amount of power the
beam emits, just like the dif ferent colour s in a line spectrum
 As the classes increases, the amount of energy the laser emits increases
 Class 1 laser s are ver y low risk and "safe under reasonably foreseeable use",
including the use of optical instruments for intrabeam viewing
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Class 4 lasers are dangerous and require special safeguards. They may cause also
skin injuries and are potential fire hazards
Rangers from Medical Lasers used to remove hair, blemishes and scars to powerful
industrial laser
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1pXhhtUaso
APPLICATIONS OF LASER
TECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS
 Medical
applications
 Welding and
Cutting
 Surveying
 Garment industry
 Laser nuclear
fusion
 Communication
 Laser printing
 CDs and optical
discs
 Spectroscopy
 Heat treatment
 Barcode scanner