BELL WORK
4/19/17
• Explain modernism.
• What is impressionism and post-impressionism,
and who were the famous painters for each?
W. 14 Cite strong and thorough evidence to
support analysis of the causes of 19th century
European imperialism, role of Social Darwinism,
desire for political power, and search for natural
resources and new markets as a prelude to the
Berlin Conference. (C,E,G,H,P).
W. 15 Describe the Berlin Conference and rise
of modern colonialism in the late 19th century
and describe the impact of colonization on
indigenous populations by such nations as
England, France, Germany, Italy, and the U.S.
(C,G,H,P).
WHY IT MATTERS
• Western governments took control of many colonies and
governments around the world, spreading the ideas of
Westernization.
IMPERIALISM
• Imperialism is the extension of a
nation’s power over other lands.
• Reasons for Imperialism
• 1.Economic motives-gaining
resources and raw materials
• 2;Military- gaining strategic
locations
• 3.Nationalism- the idea that their
nation was superior
COLONIAL TAKEOVER IN ASIA
• Britain
• Took the colonies of Singapore and Burma
• France
• Made Vietnam a protectorate
• Created French Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Tonkin)
COLONIAL TAKEOVER IN ASIA
• United States
• Gained the Philippines after the Spanish American War (1898)
• Thailand
• Remained independent and served as a buffer between Britain
and France
COLONIAL RULE
• Styles of Rule
• Indirect Rule- local rulers are allowed to keep their authority.
• This was cheaper and did not affect the culture as much
• Direct Rule- local rulers were replaced by new ones from the
colonizing country.
COLONIAL RULE
British Imperialism
• Impact
• Asia began to adopt some of western civilization.
• It developed conflict between the nationalists.
W. 17: Compare the progression of imperialistic
claims on the African continent using historical
maps. (G,H,P).
W. 18 Students can describe the independence
struggles of the colonized regions of the world
including imperialism in Africa (Zulu Wars, Ashanti
Wars, and Ethiopia struggle to remain
independent). (H,P).
WHY IT MATTERS
British Imperialism
• By the 1900s, virtually all of Africa came under European
control, thus bringing Westernization to Africa.
WEST AFRICA
• European states were interested in Africa’s raw materials.
• By 1874, Great Britain annexed the west coastal states of Africa
because of gold.
NORTH AFRICA
Suez Canal
• Egypt became a separate state in 1805 under the leadership of
Muhammad Ali.
• Suez Canal
• Called “lifeline to India.”
• The desire for economic growth led Europeans to want a canal
to connect the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
• Built in 1854 by the French, Ferdinand de Lesseps.
Suez Canal
CENTRAL AFRICA
Livingstone and Stanely
• In 1841 Scottish missionary, David Livingstone, explored
Central Africa to try to open up trade and Christianity.
• Henry Stanley continued Livingstone’s efforts in 1870 by having
King Leopold II of Belgium become the driving force of
colonization in Central Africa.
EAST AFRICA
• By 1885, Britain and Germany became rivals in East Africa.
• European countries met at the Berlin Conference in 1885 at
which they decided the land claims for both Britain and
Germany in Africa.
SOUTH AFRICA
Boer War
• The greatest European influence took place in South Africa.
• Cecil Rhodes wanted to connect South Africa to Egypt through railroad
• Boer War
• The Boer Republic were a group of Dutch descendants that resented
British colonization and despised the native Africans.
• The Boer’s and British broke out in war from 1899-1902 in which the
British won and created the independent Union of South Africa.
EFFECTS OF AFRICAN IMPERIALISM
PBS: Scramble for Africa
• The British ruled mostly by indirect rule, so their colonies kept their
traditions and culture.
• The French mostly ruled by direct rule, so they forced the natives to
assimilate to their own culture.
• It forced westernization influenced in African society and thought.
BELL WORK
10/19/16
• Why was the Suez Canal the “lifeline to India?”
• Explain the Boer War.
W. 20: Explain the transfer in 1858 of government
to Great Britain on the Indian Subcontinent
following the Sepoy Rebellion. (G,H,P).
WHY IT MATTERS
British Empire: 6:15
• British control brought stability and Westernization to India, but
the desire for independence created a greater interest in
renewing Indian culture and history.
GREAT REBELLION OF INDIA
• When the Moguls declined in 1857, the British became involved
in India.
• India’s distrust of Britain led to a revolt known as the Great
Rebellion, or First War of Independence.
GREAT REBELLION OF INDIA
Queen Victoria
• Causes
• Sepoys, Indian soldiers hired by Britain, refused to fight because of
their religious beliefs and were put into prison for mutiny.
• The Sepoys went on a rampage that spread throughout India.
• Effect
• Britain stopped the rebellion, and Queen Victoria became Empress of
India in 1877, making India known as “Jewel in the Crown.”
• It sparked a stronger sense of India nationalism.
BRITISH RULE IN INDIA
British Rule
• Britain ruled by direct rule and changed their education system
to learn British culture and history.
• The British rule severely hurt the Indian natives economically by
destroying local industries and collecting taxes.
• This caused the natives to develop a strong nationalist movement.
• The greatest leader of the Indian nationalist movement was
Mohandas Gandhi, who would lead a movement for Indian
independence by 1947.
W. 21: Describe American imperialism in the
Philippines and the Philippine-American war led
by Emilio Aguinaldo. (G,H,P).
W. 22: Cite evidence from text to describe
movement by Emiliano Zapata, Francisco
Madero, Pancho Villa, and Venustiano Carranza
in Mexico stemming from the desire for land
reform and democratic participation. (G,H,P).
WHY IT MATTERS
• The United States became a powerful influence in Latin America
but social and economic problems in the region led to distress.
U.S. IN LATIN AMERICA
Megastructures
Panama Canal
• In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt supported Panama’s
fight for independence and was granted a 10-mile strip of land
in which the U.S built the Panama Canal in 1914.
• This allowed for much faster travel from the Atlantic to Pacific
Ocean.
U.S. IN LATIN AMERICA
Ballot Box Bunny
• In 1904, President Roosevelt created the Roosevelt Corollary
which he said the U.S. could intervene in any Latin American
nation.
• By 1913, President William Taft was known for dollar diplomacy
which is sending financial resources to help strengthen Latin
America
• These policies caused Latin America to become dependent on
the U.S.
REVOLUTION IN MEXICO
Storm that Swept Mexico
• Causes
• From 1877-1911, dictator Porfirio Dίaz created a centralized
Mexico that would lead to a revolution
• In 1911, moderate Francisco Madero took over but proved
ineffective which led to two uprisings.
• Emiliano Zapata led a revolt to take land by force and give it to
the people.
• Pancho Villa led attacks in Mexico and the United States for
reform.
Pancho Villa
REVOLUTION IN MEXICO
• Effect
• It helped create a more democratic and politically stabled
Mexico.
• It hurt Mexico economically and caused them to rely on foreign
investors.