moving
short range apparent
motion
(formerly “persistence of
vision”)
flipbook
pictures
victorian toys
thaumatrope
zoetrope
Photography - wet plate process1850's
Tin Type
Ambrotype
Eadweard Muybridge 1872
first movie cameras
Edison’s Kinetograph
(1891)
Lumieres’ Cinematographe (1895)
L'arrivée d'un train en gare de
La Ciotat
19
qualities of early film
• black and
white
• silent
• grainy
• flicker
• short
• square
• available light
how film projectors work
resolution
aspect ratio
some aspect ratios
“letterboxing”
“pan and scan”
frame rate
•
•
•
•
flip book = 10 fps
early film cameras = 16 fps
modern cameras = 24 fps
video = 30 fps (NTSC)