Vocabulary: Biology
Unit: 5: photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Picture
Word
Autotroph
Heterotroph
ATP
Date:
Definition
*An organism that can make its own
food
*Ex: plants, algae, photosynthetic
organism
*An organism that cannot make its
own food, it must eat other
organisms.
*Ex: animals, fungi, some protists
*Adenosine triphosphate
*energy for cells
ATP= charged battery
Photosynthesis
*The process of changing solar energy into
chemical energy stored in food.
*Using sunlight to make sugar.
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Chloroplast
*Place where photosynthesis happens.
*Found in plants
Chlorophyll
*The pigment found inside a chloroplast
that gives plants their green color
*Absorbs the solar energy (sunlight)
Cellular respiration
*The process by which food is broken
down to release the energy.
*Can occur with or without oxygen
*All life can do this.
Mitochondria
*The organelle where aerobic respiration
occurs.
*Found in all eukaryotic cells (plants,
animals, fungi and protists).
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Reactants
*Cellular respiration in the presence of
oxygen.
*Occurs within the mitochondria.
*Anaerobic respiration
*Cellular respiration when oxygen isn’t
available.
*Lactic acid fermentation produces sore
muscles, yogurt, cheese
*alcoholic fermentation produces alcohol
and bread.
*What goes into a chemical reaction
*The ingredients
Products
*What comes out of a chemical reaction
*What is produced
*The final product
Xylem
*Vascular tissue in a plant that carries
water from the roots to the rest of the
plant.
*Only moves water up
Phloem
*Vascular tissue in a plant that carries food
made in the leaves to the rest of the plant.
*Can move food up and down
Stomata (stoma)
*The openings on the underside of leaves.
*Guard cells open and close stomata.
*Regulates water loss and allows gas
exchange.