Unit 3 Study Guide
Unit 3 Multiple Choice – 12 of the following questions will be on the exam.
1. Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
2. Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
3. How do most primary producers make their own food?
4. A bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which pair of ecological terms describes the bird?
5. A word that means the same thing as consumer is
6. Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy,
some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is
7.
What is at the base of all ecological pyramids?
8.
How does plant productivity affect the carbon cycle?
9.
How does matter and energy behave differently in an ecosystem?
10.
An organism’s niche is
11.
What would happen if the population of the bird species shown in the
ecosystem in Figure 4–1 were to suddenly decrease?
12.
What is an example of Interspecific Competition?
13.
What is the difference between Intraspecific Competition and
Interspecific Competition?
14. Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they
15. Suppose that a species of toads is introduced into a new environment in an attempt to reduce the population of insects.
The toad has no natural predators in the new environment. The toad population would most likely
16. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
17. How is parasitism different from commensalism?
18. If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, which of these is most likely to happen?
19. Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
20. Which would be least likely to be affected by a density-dependent limiting factor?
21. Using environmental resources in a way that does not cause long-term environmental harm is like
22.
The data in the graph in Figure 6–5 (global temperature graph) above
helped ecologists identify which environmental problem?
23.
When looking for a credible scietific source it is important that that
source has been:
24.
Success at solving an environmental problem is more likely when
researchers follow the basic principles of ecology because
Unit 3 Short Answer – 12 points will come from the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Explain the roles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the Carbon cycle.
Explain how plant productivity affects the Carbon cycle
Explain what would happen if two mouse species tried to occupy the same niche in the same meadow.
How do predators affect the population of their prey through time? Sketch a graph demonstrating your explanation
(Be sure to label your graph).
Describe how deforestation might contribute to global warming.
How is mutualism similar to and different from commensalism?
Explain how ecology can guide us to a sustainable future.
Unit 3 Visual Analysis – 1 of the following scenarios will be on the test.
ON THE BACK SIDE
1.
Apply Concepts The picture to the left
illustrates a food web. Name two predators in this
food web (1pt). Also state each predator’s prey
(1pt).
2.
Infer The picture to the left shows a food
web arranged into trophic levels. How many energytransferring steps away from the sun is the deer
(1pt)? What is the name of an organism that
primarily eats producers (1pt)?
3.
Apply Concepts In the picture to the left,
would the wolf obtain a greater percentage of the
sun’s energy if it ate a deer or if it ate a shrew (1pt)?
Explain your answer (1pt).
4.
Predict What is a keystone species (1pt)? In
the picture to the left which organism might be a
keystone species in this ecosystem (1pt)? What do
you predict would happen to the ecosystem if this
organism were removed (1pt)?
5.
Interpret Visuals Which population in the
picture on the left would be the most directly
affected if the farmer in the area decided not to plant
corn (1pt)? What other animals would be affected
(2pts)?
Graph I shows the growth curve for a culture of Paramecium
aurelia. Graph II shows the growth curve for a culture of
Paramecium caudatum, a larger species. Graph III shows the
growth curves of both species when they are grown together.
1.
Interpret Graphs According to Figure 5-5, which species
has the greatest growth rate over days 1 and 2 when they are grown
in separate cultures? Which species has the highest growth rate over
days 1 and 2 when they are grown together? (1pt - you must answer
both correctly to get the point)
2.
Interpret Graphs From Figure 5–5, which species has the
greater growth rate overall when the species are grown together
(1pt)? Describe the growth curve of P. caudatum in Graph III (1pt).
3.
Observe What type of population growth curve can be
observed in Graphs I and II of Figure 5–5 (1pt)? Explain each of the
three stages associated with this type of growth curve (3pts).
4.
Draw Conclusions What is the most likely reason why the
population of P. caudatum decreased in Graph III of Figure 5–5
(1pt)?
5.
Draw Conclusions Are the limiting factors for both cultures
in Figure 5–5 density-dependent or density-independent (1pt)? What
is the difference (1pt)? Give one example of each type of limiting
factor (2pts).