Module 2: Schoolwide/Classroom
Interventions
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
1
Module 2: Agenda
• Positive Behavioral Support
Framework
• Schoolwide Supports
• Classroom Supports
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
2
Positive Behavioral
Support (PBS)
•
•
•
•
Systems Approach
Data Driven Decision-Making
Team Based Problem-Solving
Prevention Focus for ALL
Students
• Effective Teaching
• Staff Development
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
3
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
4
PBS Involves:
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
5
PBS is NOT…
• A specific
curriculum
• Limited to any
particular group
of students
• New
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
6
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
7
PBS will …
• Improve academic achievement
and school climate
• Increase appropriate behavior
and school/community
involvement
• Prevent inappropriate behavior
• Reverse escalating patterns of
problem behaviors
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
8
Schoolwide Systems
of Support
• Data Driven DecisionMaking
• Statement of Purpose
• Schoolwide
Expectations
• Procedure for Teaching
Expectations
• Specific Setting
Interventions
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
9
Data Driven Decision-Making
Systematic
data
collection/
analysis
Data
generated
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
Multiple
levels of
data
analysis
10
Indicators: Universal
• Total referrals per year per student is high
• Average number of referrals per day is high
Universal
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
11
Indicators:
Selected or
Targeted
Targeted
Selected
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
• Proportion of students
with 0-1 referrals is low,
but proportion of
students with 2-10 is
high
• Students have received
>10 referrals
• 5% of students with
most office referrals
account for high
percentage of all
referrals
• High frequency of
suspensions/expulsions
12
Statement of Purpose
Expectations for behavior
Approach for teaching and learning
Foundation for school operations
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
13
Schoolwide Rules for
Behavior
• Determine expected
behaviors
• Identify
replacement
behaviors
• Define expected
behaviors for all
areas of the school
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
14
Teaching Expected Behavior
Show
Tell
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
15
Encouraging Expected
Behavior
• Provide incentives
across all settings
• Combine token
incentives with
social
acknowledgement
• Build and provide a
continuum of
strategies
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
16
Incentives might include:
• High levels of praise for
appropriate behavior
• Access to desirable
activities
• Recognition (public
recognition, notifying
parents, etc.)
• Special privileges
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
17
Discouraging Problem Behavior
• Develop a continuum of
procedures
• Provide clear examples with
specific consequences
• Implement procedures
consistently
• Decide the who/where/what
of behavior management
• Provide proactive strategies
for students with chronic
problem behaviors
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
18
Specific Setting
Systems
• Routines
• Physical factors
• Setting-specific
behavior
• Instructional strategies
• Support
• Implementation/
monitoring
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
19
Classroom
Systems
• Extend the schoolwide
system to help ensure
student success with a
variety of instructional
styles and classroom
routines.
• Ensure classroom
routines overlap with
schoolwide positive
behavior support
systems
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
20
Classroom Settings: Key
Questions
• What do I want my classroom to look
like?
• How do I want my children to treat
me as a person?
• How do I want my children to treat
one another?
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
21
Classroom Settings: Key
Questions (cont.)
• What kind of values do I want to
communicate to my students?
• How do I want children to remember me
when the last day of school ends?
Kameenui and Simmons, 1990
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
22
Comprehensive Intervention
Plan
Follow-up
Interruption
Crisis
response
Prevention
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
23
Phase 1: Prevention
Prevention
Intent = increase the likelihood
that the student(s) will
productively and successfully
engage in class and school
activities
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
24
Prevention Strategies
Classroom
Space
Practical
Schedule
Expectations
Classroom
Routines
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
Instruction
Proactive
Behavior
System
Study
Skills
Social
Skills
25
Designing Classroom Space
• Identify classroom
functions
• Arrange classroom
to ensure
functions can take
place effectively
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
26
Setting a Practical Schedule
Secondary---pay
attention to
managing
instructional time
within large blocks
of time
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
Elementary--construct
schedules after
schoolwide and
specialist period
are set
27
Managing Instruction
Academic
underachievement
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
Problem
behavior
28
Managing Instruction:
Critical Steps
• Assess students’
skill level (80%
rule)
• Utilize appropriate
curriculum
• Utilize effective
delivery strategies
• Vary instruction
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
29
Teaching Study Skills
Repeated disciplinary
exclusions from
instruction keep students
from learning many
specific learning
strategies, or study skills,
necessary for success in
school.
—Geoff Colvin
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
30
Teaching Expectations
• Explain reason
• Specify required
behavior
• Practice behaviors
• Monitor
performance
• Provide feedback
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
31
Establishing Classroom
Routines
•Enter classroom
•Access materials
•Turn in homework
•Obtain assistance
•Organize assignments
•Move about room
•Transition activities
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
32
Teaching Social Skills
Social competence
is predictive of
long term
psychological,
social adjustment
and success in
school.
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
33
Comprehensive Social
Skills Programs
•
•
•
•
Understand and define terms
Review key research assumptions
Assess social skills
Provide systematic classroom
instruction
• Utilize social skills curriculum
resources
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
34
Social Skills Instruction
•
•
•
•
Modeling
Role Play
Performance Feedback
Transfer of Training
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
35
Implementing Proactive
Behavior Management System
Good behavior = positive
consequences
Problem behavior = negative
consequences!
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
36
Rules for Using Positive
Consequences
• Deliver at high rate
• Deliver consistently and
immediately
• Emphasize social reinforcers
• Incorporate delayed/longer-term
reinforcers
• Vary reinforcers
• Maintain consistent criteria for
reinforcement
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
37
Rules for Using Negative
Consequences
• Deliver consistently
• Should be mild
• Applied in conjunction
with
+
consequences
• Ensure ratio of 3
positive to 1 negative
• Maintain student’s
dignity
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
38
Interdependent Group
Contingency Management
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
39
Mystery Motivator
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
40
Spinners
6
5
1
4
3
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
2
41
100 Squares Bingo
1
2
3
4
11
12
13
14
5
6
7
8
9
10
100
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
42
Big Ideas!
• PBS is a broad range of schoolwide,
classwide and individualized strategies for
achieving important social and learning
outcomes while preventing challenging
behavior of all students.
• Data drive the decision-making process in
PBS.
• All three levels of intervention must be in
place for successful schools!
Texas Behavior Support Initiative: Module 2
43