Utilizing Science & Technology and Innovation
for Development
Novel Green Sorbents for CO2 Capture and
Utilization: CO2 as a building block for the
production of biodegradable polymers as
alternatives for the replacement of plastic
bags in Jordan
Marriott Hotel- Amman, August 12, 2015
Project Team
A.K. Qaroush (PI), Technische Universität München (TUM)
A.F. Eftaiha, The Hashemite University (HU)
M.A. Abu-Daabes, German Jordanian University (GJU)
R.A. Abu-Zurayk, The University of Jordan (JU)
M.W. Amer, Royal Scientific Society (RSS)
2
Project Team
60%
40%
3
Justifications
• Climate changes as a result of increased CO2
concentrations in the atmosphere.
• Benign design of eco-friendly syntheses.
• Increased ecological problems found in the local
environment as a result of accumulation of
plastic bags (non-biodegradable).
4
Justifications
5
Justifications
Clearing the air, Science, 2009, 325.
6
Justifications
http://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/images/2014/11/gw-graphic-pie-chart-co2-emissions-by-country-2011.jpg
7
Justifications
8
Objectives
1. Global warming mitigation throughout carbon storage (CCS) and utilization (CCU).
2. Utilization of CO2 as a building block for the synthesis of green sorbents.
3. Implementation of Green Chemistry Guidelines in Jordan.
4. Synthesis of the bio-degradable polymer (if any), viz., poly(propylenecarbonate)
(PPC).
5. Commercialization of CO2-based products and their use in the local market.
6. Production of Efficient Green sorbents.
7. Spreading awareness for the importance of Green Chemistry in enhancing the daily
life of Jordanians by saving energy, using problematic issues (Global warming and
increased CO2 concentrations) as an applicable source of energy.
9
Scope of work/Duration
Estimated Budget
Scope of work:
Environmental and health sectors
Duration:
24 months
Estimated Budget :
320.000 JD
10
Methodology of Implementation
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates
production (Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
The production of cyclic carbonates is carried out upon the cycloaddition
reaction of CO2 with epoxides (scheme 1), the reaction proceeds in the
absence of catalysts but requires high pressure and temperatures. Materials
will be characterized by means of FT-IR, and (1H &13C) NMR spectroscopy. For
quantification purposes, GC-MS will be further used.
The cycloaddition reaction of CO2 and Propylene oxide
11
Methodology of Implementation
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates
production (Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
On the other hand, the reaction may undergo a side reaction depending on the
catalyst/cocatalyst interaction as well as the sterical/electronic microstructure
around the metal atom. The production of Poly(propylenecarbonate), (PPC; R =
CH3).
The production of Poly(propylenecarbonate), (PPC; R = CH3)
12
Expected output
1. Write-up of publications/posters/Oral presentations.
2. Use
Use of
of mild
mild reaction
reaction conditions
conditions as
as well
well non-hazardous
non-hazardous materials.
materials.
3. Synthesis of efficient green sorbents for the capture of CO2.
4. Use of bio-renewables as well hybrid materials (nanotechnology combined with a
polymer coating) for the production of safer green sorbents.
5. Green Synthesis of PC out of CO2.
6. Synthesis of bio-degradable polymer (if any) PPC.
Qaroush et al., Catal. Sci. Tech., 2013, 3, 2221-2226. (b) Qaroush et al. 2013, 3,
2150-2150, DOI: 10.1039/C3CY90028B.
13
Impact
1. Raising the awareness of locals towards the importance of sustainability and
greenness of synthesis throughout lecturing in different provinces.
2. Synthesis of biodegradable materials and application in CO2 capturing.
3. Opening new horizons for local researchers towards world-wide, competitive
research.
14
Sustainability
Building blocks (starting materials) of
these target products will be
synthesized from CO2.
•
•
•
•
Cheap.
Commercially-available
resources.
Non-toxic.
Bio-degradable
fine
chemicals/polymers from a
cheap,
abundant
non-toxic
resource, viz., CO2 is still a must
and will be reflected positively in
the local society.
Nature, 494, 169-171.
15
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
A1
Milestone
• Synthesis of for the
production
of
cyclic
carbonates (PC vs. PPC).
• Initial testing.
Duration (months)
6 months
16
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
A2
• Reaction kinetics.
• Characterization of the product (PC vs.
PPC), polymer properties (GPC, NMR),
determination of polymer microstructure
(regio/stereoregularity) depending on
catalyst
structure/polymerization
conditions).
6 months
17
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
A3
Milestone
• Optimization of production PPC
formation
• Investigation of physio-mechanical
polycarbonate material properties (DSC,
DMA, TGA, stress-strain measurements,
etc.) depending on polymer microstructure.
Duration (months)
2 months
Decision Point 1: Target Orientation (PC vs. PPC)
18
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
A4
Milestone
• Studying Kinetics.
• Application of Green chemistry
Duration (months)
3 months
Decision Point 2: Feasibility of Green Chemistry routes to the overall process.
19
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
A5
• Production of PC from captured CO2.
• Applying of bio-renewables for the
manufacture of target material.
• Feasibility of applied conditions: (mild vs.
harsh).
1 month
20
Action Plan
Milestone A: The Production of cyclic carbonates production
(Cyclic carbonate vs. polymer formation)
Start Phase (runs parallel to Propylenecarbonate (PC)
Poly(propylenecarbonate) (PPC)
• Equipment purchase and on-line assembly within the RSS,
coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
A6
• Summing up the whole process
throughout
the
write-up
of
patents/publications/posters/Oral
presentations/
acknowledgement
to
sponsor.
6 months
21
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
B1
• Different runs for the synthesis of various
oligoureas (OUs) under different variables:
porous, Fluidity, grafting over solid
sorbents e.g. nano-particles, modification
of the parent OU towards (functionalized
vs. non-functionalized).
• Testing and analyses.
4 months
B2
• Synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic
materials using Green Chemistry protocols.
4 months
22
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
B3
Milestone
• Optimization/fine tuning of the catalyst
structure towards the formation of
PC.[1F2]
• Investigation of physio-mechanical
hybrid materials/polymers and the
material properties (DSC, DMA, TGA,
stress-strain
measurements,
etc.)
depending on polymer microstructure.
Duration (months)
4 months
Decision Point 1: Target orientation (Screening of the hybrid organic/inorganic
vs. oligoureas)
23
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
B4
• Applying of bio-renewables for the
production of green sorbents. (Availability
and ease of synthesis vs. efficiency).
2 months
Decision Point 2: Feasibility of Green Chemistry routes to the overall process.
24
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
B5
Sorption capacities of the synthesized
materials
and
the
isolation
of
intermediates.
• Feasibility of applied conditions:
(gravimetric vs. volumetric methods).
2 months
Decision Point 3: Efficiency of Gravimetric vs. Volumetric methods
25
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
B6
Milestone
• Application of other gases for the
sorption studies by green sorbents (CH4,
N2, H2, O2).
• Sorption capacities of the synthesized
• Feasibility of applied conditions:
(gravimetric vs. volumetric methods).
Duration (months)
2 months
26
Action Plan
Milestone B: Synthesis of Different Types of Green Sorbents
Start-up Phase Equipment purchase and online assembly within
the RSS, coworkers recruitment.
Target
Milestone
Duration (months)
B7
• Summing up the whole process
throughout
the
write-up
of
patents/publications/posters/Oral
presentations/
acknowledgement
to
sponsor.
6 months
27