ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION
BillerudKorsnäs Carry
This is an Environmental Product Declaration for BillerudKorsnäs Carry, registered in the International EPD
System (www.environdec.com). The declaration has been developed based on the results of a Life Cycle Assessment
(LCA) and the Product Category Rules for Processed paper and paperboard (PCR 3214).
Information and data given in this EPD can be used as upstream data by a customer who will perform a new
EPD within the system boundaries given in a related PCR.
BILLERUDKORSNÄS
BillerudKorsnäs’ operations at all sites in Sweden,
Finland and UK are fully certified in accordance with
• ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems
• ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Managemente Systems
• FSC Chain of Custody/Controlled Wood(CoC/CW)
In addition, the site in Frövi where Carry is produced is
certified in accordance with
• PEFC Chain of Custody (CoC)
• EN16001:2009 Energy Management System
• FSSC 22000 Food Safety System
The forestry operations are based on the principles of
FSC and PEFC forest management certifications although
all land areas in the countries where wood is procured are
not yet certified.
BillerudKorsnäs is one of the world’s leading producers
of virgin and primary fibre based packaging materials,
primarily for consumer products. Production is conducted
at 8 production sites in Sweden, Finland and UK.
Production capacity is 2860 ktonnes, with integrated
pulp production.
The range of products includes liquid packaging board,
cartonboard, liners, fluting, sack- and kraft paper,
speciality paper and pulp.
The fibre content in BillerudKorsnäs’ packaging
material is based on 100 % renewable wood fibres.
BillerudKorsnäs’ operations have an impact on the
environment through forestry management, use of
resources like energy, chemicals, water and air and
emissions to water and air.
DECLARATION OF CONTENTS
CLAY COATING FOR EXCELLENT PRINTING RESULTS
TCF-BLEACHED FIBRES FOR EXCELLENT
PRINTING RESULTS AND SMOOTHNESS
STRONG UNBLEACHED FIBRES AND CTMP FOR
MAXIMUM DESIGNABILITY AND PACKAGING
MATERIAL OPTIMIZATION
UNBLEACHED FIBRES FOR STRONG HANDLES
AND OTHER CUSTOMER FRIENDLY FEATURES
CARRY
DISTRIBUTION
Chemical pulp
72%
Mechanical pulp
15%
Coating/fillers 13%
CARRY
product images. Carry is perfect for exclusive multipacks,
luxury beverages and suspended packaging for tools,
batteries and heavy spare parts.
Carry is available in grammages from 350 gsm* to
480 gsm. Carry is produced at the mill in Frövi.
CARRY is an extremely strong, coated cartonboard made
out of 100% virgin fibres for maximum exposure with
minimum material usage (coated on the top side). It is
strong and durable, with high tearing resistance. The fine,
white-coated surface provides excellent reproduction of
*gsm = g/m2
2
SYSTEM BOUNDARIES
The international EPD system is based on a hierarchic
approach based on the international standards:
• ISO 9001, Quality management system
• ISO 14001, Environmental management system
• ISO 14025, Type III environmental declarations
• ISO 14044, LCA – Requirements and guidelines
CORE: Transportation of all materials (including wood)
to the core processes, production of pulp, production of
paper and paperboard, cutting and packing of the
products and treatment of waste generated from the
production processes.
DOWNSTREAM: Distribution
of the product and waste
management of transport packaging.
The systems are divided into three life cycle phases:
UPSTREAM: Forestry, production of fertilisers, production
of energy wares, production of chemicals, auxiliary
products and other raw materials, production of transport
packaging.
UPSTREAM MODULE
Plans, energy
wares, fertilisation
Raw material
Raw material
Transport
Transport
Transport
Other products
and raw material
Transport
packaging
Energy wares
Forestry
CORE MODULE
Transport
Transport
Waste management of
production wastes
Average converter
(not included)
Transport
Waste management of
transport packaging
Use of final product
(not included)
Transport
Waste management of
final product (not included)
Pulp, paper and board
production, coating, cutting etc
DOWNSTREAM MODULE
Transport
DATA INCLUDED
DATA NOT INCLUDED
3
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
The environmental impact of three selected grammages
representing a low, medium and high grammage within
the product range are presented in the table below.
The declared unit is one tonne (1000 kg) of
the product delivered at the gate of an average converter/
customer in Europe. As additional information, the
environmental impact is stated also per 1000 m2. The carbon footprint (greenhouse gas emissions over the
life cycle) is presented in the following diagram as global
warming potential 100 years (GWP100) in kg CO2
equivalents per tonne product. The reduction compared
to previous EPD is mainly a result of less use of fossil
energy in the production plant.
AVERAGE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CARRY 2012
kg CO2e/TONNE
UPSTREAM
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
FO
CORE
DOWNSTREAM
TOTALS
RE
EX
T
R
ST
N
ER
Y
CH
AL
EM
P
I
L
CA
UL
S
W
P/
OO
D
C
P
HI
S
C
PA
EN
KA
GY
ER
GI
NG
TE
MA
R
L
IA
S
TR
AN
S
R
PO
MA
T
C
FA
NU
TU
N
RI
DI
G
ST
RI
BU
TI O
N
ST
WA
E
L
TA
TO
L
TA
TO
0
20
8*
*The previous EPD published 2011-03-15
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CARRY
UPSTREAM CARRY 350 gsm
kg/TONNE CORE
kg/TONNE
DOWNSTREAM
kg/TONNE
TOTAL
kg/TONNE
TOTAL
kg/1000 m2
Global warming CO2 eq.
230
58
57
340
120
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.2
1.2
0.12
2.5
0.88
0.26
Eutrophication PO 43- eq.
0.32
0.38
0.025
0.73
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.4E-05
2.9E-07
3.4E-08
1.4E-05
4.9E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.2
0.04
0.015
0.25
0.088
CARRY 400 gsm
Global warming CO2 eq.
220
55
57
330
130
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.1
1.2
0.12
2.4
0.96
0.28
Eutrophication PO 43- eq.
0.32
0.36
0.025
0.71
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.4E-05
2.5E-07
3.4E-08
1.4E-05
5.6E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.19
0.038
0.015
0.24
0.096
CARRY 480 gsm
Global warming CO2 eq.
240
61
57
360
170
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.3
1.3
0.12
2.7
1.3
0.37
Eutrophication PO 43- eq.
0.35
0.4
0.025
0.78
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.5E-05
2.8E-07
3.4E-08
1.5E-05
7.2E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.21
0.041
0.015
0.26
0.125
4
USE OF RESOURCES
The following table presents the total resources used for
production and distribution of three selected grammages
representing a low, medium and high grammage within
the product range.
Additional information on the use of resources split into
the upstream, core and downstream phases is available on
request.
NATURAL MATERIAL RESOURCES, RENEWABLE
CARRY 350
CARRY 400
CARRY 480
UNIT
Biomass
3.3
m3 s.u.b/tonne
3.2
3.6
NATURAL MATERIAL RESOURCES, NON-RENEWABLE
Limestone (calcium carbonate)
78
71
74
kg/tonne
Inert rock
240
240
240
kg/tonne
Kaolinite (24% in ore as mined)
32
27
28
kg/tonne
Sodium chloride (rock salt)
28
27
31
kg/tonne
Natural Aggregate
42
38
41
kg/tonne
Gravel
17
17
19
kg/tonne
Other*
38
36
40
kg/tonne
ENERGY RESOURCES, RENEWABLE
Energy, biomass
16000
15000 16000
MJ/tonne
Energy, hydropower
1600
1600
1700
MJ/tonne
Other*
210
220
300
MJ/tonne
ENERGY RESOURCES, NON-RENEWABLE
Nuclear energy, Uranium
2000
1900
2100
MJ/tonne
Crude oil
2500
2400
2700
MJ/tonne
Natural gas
2000
1900
2100
MJ/tonne
Hard coal
520
520
560
MJ/tonne
Other*
290
290
300
MJ/tonne
*Other refers to resources used in amounts less than 5% of the total.
OTHER INDICATORS
The electricity consumption and waste over the life cycle
are specified in the tables below.
INDICATOR, INPUT
CARRY 350
CARRY 400
CARRY 480
UNIT
Electricity consumption at manufacturing*
680
660
750
kWh/tonne
Water use at manufacturing
47
46
49
m3/tonne
Material subject for recycling
6.8
6.8
6.8
kg/tonne
Hazardous waste
0.041
0.038
0.044
kg/tonne
Other waste
300
290
300
kg/tonne
INDICATOR, OUTPUT
*Electricity use is also presented as “Energy resources” above.
5
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL GAIN
All products produced in the
Frövi mill are based on virgin fibres with high strength
properties enabling packaging weight to be reduced.
WASTE MINIMISATION
UPTAKE OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN GROWING FORESTS
Carbon stocks are increasing in Swedish forest eco­systems,
mainly in the living biomass, due to the fact that the
forest growth rate is higher than the harvest rate.
The high growth rate is a result of silvicultural legislation
and sustainable forest management. The long-term forest
management is to a large extent driven by the demand for
round wood from the forest industry. According to
Eriksson et al (2010) the net sequestration (removal from
the atmosphere) of biogenic carbon dioxide is calculated
based on the share of the net growth of the photosynthesis
that is allocated to the current wood harvest as a gain to
all forest products including the board. Future scenarios
for harvest rates in Sweden over the next 20 years conclude that the harvest rate will remain significantly lower
than the growth rate. Note that the system boundary
settings used to calculate the net sequestration (removal)
of biogenic carbon dioxide represent forest management
and therefore differ from the product related boundary
settings used elsewhere in the EPD.
Carry is
recoverable through material recycling and energy
recovery in accordance with the material requirements
in EN 13430:2004 and EN 13431:2004.
RECYCLABILITY AND RECOVERY
WASTE HANDLING All board and paper products
produced by BillerudKorsnäs meet the targets specified
in the EU’s waste management hierarchy within the EU
Waste Framework Directive (2006/12/EC) as well as
the essential requirements of the EU Packaging Waste
Directive 94/62/EC.
BIODEGRADABLE BillerudKorsnäs products are based
on pulp consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose and some
lignin which will be degraded by microorganisms in
nature. The decomposition time required depends on
several factors such as temperature, humidity, pH and
microbiological activity.
CARRY 350
CARRY 400
CARRY 480
UNIT
Net sequestration (removal) of biogenic CO2 in forests
-1500
kg CO2e/tonne
-1400
-1600
DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
Below follows a list of detailed emission parameters, some of which are already accounted for in the environmental
impacts presented above. More detailed information is available on request.
EMISSIONS TO AIR*
CARRY 350
kg/TONNE
CARRY 400
kg/TONNE
CARRY 480
kg/TONNE
Carbon dioxide, CO2 fossil
310
300
330
NOx as NO2
2.1
2.0
2.2
Sulphur dioxide, SO2
1.4
1.3
1.5
COD
7.7
7.3
8.3
Phosphorus as P
0.012
0.012
0.013
Nitrogen as N
0.1
0.096
0.11
Suspended solids
0.92
0.91
1.0
AOX
0.0063
0.0057
0.0058
CARRY 350
kg/1000 m2
CARRY 400
kg/1000 m2
CARRY 480
kg/1000 m2
EMISSIONS TO WATER*
EMISSIONS TO AIR*
Carbon dioxide, CO2 fossil
110
120
160
NOx as NO2
0.74
0.80
1.10
Sulphur dioxide, SO2
0.49
0.52
0.72
EMISSIONS TO WATER*
2.7
2.9
4.0
Phosphorus as P
0.0042
0.0048
0.0062
Nitrogen as N
0.035
0.038
0.053
Suspended solids
0.32
0.36
0.48
AOX
0.0022
0.0023
0.0028
COD
*The environmental impact of these emissions is already presented under environmental impact above.
6
BILLERUDKORSNÄS
SUSTAINABILITY TARGET AREAS
to increased production of biomass, which may lead to
oxygen deficiency and fewer living organisms.
BillerudKorsnäs is actively pursuing improvement to
minimize the environmental impact. To meet the vision to
phase out fossil fuels from the production BillerudKorsnäs
has made and will continue to invest in resource and process
optimization and to replace fossil fuels with bioenergy.
Also supply chain, transport and distribution of products
are parts of the sustainability target areas. Our immediate
sustainability targets areas are
OZONE DEPLETION Substances such as freon that deplete
the protective ozone layer in the stratosphere.
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANT FORMATION Hydrocarbons
and volatile organic carbons (VOCs) contribute to ground
level ozone formation, which has toxic effects on humans and
vegetation.
HAZARDOUS WASTE Wastes such as chemical waste, used
Fossil-free production
• The emissions of fossil carbon dioxide per tonne of product
in the manufacturing process are to be reduced
• The proportion of bioenergy used in the manufacturing
process is to be increased
oil, soot and radioactive waste from the production of nuclear
power are classified as hazardous.
PCR Product Category Rules specify Environmental Product
Declaration requirements for a specified sector or product
category, see www.environdec.com
Energy Efficiency
• Lower energy consumption, heating and electricity
measured as kWh/tonne of product
WATER USE The total amount of water used for cooling and
the production process at the board and paper mill.
Transport and distribution
• Decreased emissions of fossil carbon dioxide from wood
truck transports and from distribution of products.
NET SEQUESTRATION OF BIOGENIC CO2 IN FORESTS
In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is
removed and stored in the growing biomass. In Sweden, the
forest growth rate is higher than the harvest rate, and the net
removal of CO2 from the atmosphere is allocated to the
harvested timber. This process is described under “Additional
environmental information”. The high growth rate is
a result of silvicultural legislation and sustainable forest
management.
REFERENCES
Eriksson, E., Karlsson, P-E., Hallberg, L., Jelse, K.,
Carbon Footprints of Cartons in Europe – Carbon
Footprint Methodology and biogenic carbon sequestration,
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, B1924, 2010
Jelse K., Palm D., Dahlgren L., Wranne J. 2013, Life cycle
assessment of BillerudKorsnäs virgin fibre-based packaging
materials. Archive number U4284.
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
VERIFICATIONS
EPD Programme: The International EPD® System
Note: EPDs from different programs may not be
comparable
Registration no: S-P-00243
Date of publication: 2013-12-19
Validity: 2016-12-17
Valid within the following geographical area: Europe
Data reference year: Production of pulp and paper/
board–2012
Production of CTMP–2012
PCR review conducted by: The technical committee
of the International EPD System,
PCR moderator: Lena Dahlgren
PCR: Product category rules for processed paper
and paperboard (CPC 3214), Version 2010-07-07,
Swedish Environmental Management Council.
Independent verification of the data according to ISO14025
(external): Det Norske Veritas (DNV) 2013-12-17
Accredited or approved by: SWEDAC
For more information: www.environdec.com
DEFINITIONS
UPSTREAM PROCESSES Forestry and production of raw
materials and chemicals.
CORE PROCESSES Production at the board and paper
mill including transportation of all materials (including
wood) to the mill.
DOWNSTREAM PROCESSES Distribution of the product
to an average customer in Frankfurt and waste management
of transport packaging.
GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL Global warming is
caused by increases in the atmospheric concentration of
carbon dioxide (CO2) and other Greenhouse gases that
absorb and reflect heat. The global warming potential
(GWP) is declared as CO2 equivalents.
ACIDIFICATION Decrease of the pH value in terrestrial
CONTACT
Ulf Eliasson
Senior Vice President Consumer Board
Phone +46 (0) 26 15 10 00
[email protected]
For further information visit www.billerudkorsnas.com
and water systems.
EUTROPHICATION Eutrophication is the disturbance of
the nutritional balance in the soil and waters due to
an added amount of nutrition. In aquatic systems, this leads
7
1401
BillerudKorsnäs, PO Box 703, SE-169 27 Solna, Sweden. Tel. +46 8 553 335 00 www.billerudkorsnas.com