Virtual Particle Probability
Fluctuations (VPPF)
Theory
by
Roy Smith & Dale G. Basgall
February 12, 2012
From the Nuclear Viewpoint
Lower right shows partial EC (electron capture) sequence and in the
lower left the volt and PR (proton resonance).
Copyright © by Roy Smith 2012 all rights reserved.
Basic electron capture and underlying theories.
Several physicists have been referenced in this VPPF Theory. The
importance of a formula is critical to achieve any profitable results from
the discovery of it’s authenticity.
Physicists Referenced (VPPF)
The partial theory disclosed by Roy references the Standard Model of the atom. In this theory at
the level one, several individuals with formulas have been referenced (Feynman, Schrodinger,
Josephson, and Plank, and in short a basic electron capture (EC) process is disclosed using basic
physics accepted today.
Electron capture is a process in which a proton-rich nuclide absorbs an inner atomic electron
(changing a nuclear proton to a neutron) and simultaneously emits a neutrino. Various photon
emissions follow, in order to allow the energy of the atom to fall to the ground state of the new
nuclide.
Electron capture is the primary decay mode for isotopes with a relative superabundance of
protons in the nucleus, but with insufficient energy difference between the isotope and its
prospective daughter (with one less positive charge) for the nuclide to decay by emitting a
positron. Electron capture also exists as a viable decay mode for radioactive isotopes with
sufficient energy to decay by positron emission, where it competes with positron emission. It is
sometimes called inverse beta decay, though this term can also refer to the capture of a
neutrino through a similar process.
If the energy difference between the parent atom and the daughter atom is less than 1.022 MeV,
positron emission is forbidden because not enough decay energy is available to allow it, and
thus electron capture is the sole decay mode. For example, rubidium-83 (37 protons, 46
neutrons) will decay to krypton-83 (36 protons, 47 neutrons) solely by electron capture (the
energy difference, or decay energy, is about 0.9 MeV).
Note that a free proton cannot normally be changed to a free neutron by this process: The proton
and neutron must be part of a larger nucleus. In the process of electron capture, one of the
orbital electrons, usually from the K or L electron shell (K-electron capture, also K-capture,
or L-electron capture, L-capture), is captured by a proton in the nucleus, forming a neutron
and a neutrino.
ν
e
Since the proton is changed to a neutron in electron capture, the number of neutrons increases
by 1, the number of protons decreases by 1, and the atomic mass number remains unchanged.
By changing the number of protons, electron capture transforms the nuclide into a new element.
The atom, although still neutral in charge, now exists in an energetically excited state with the
inner shell missing an electron. While transiting to the ground state, the atom will emit an X-ray
photon (a type of electromagnetic radiation) and/or Auger electrons, or both. Often the nucleus
exists in an excited state as well, and emits a gamma ray in order to reach the ground state
energy of the new nuclide just formed.
p
+
e−
→
n
+
A working formula is
critical
Vitally important in LENR is to progress
and document multiple results
simultaneously ongoing and parallel to
other results verifying the existence of
anomalous workable energy.
A design concept (2) has emerged
from careful evaluation from the
quantum viewpoint. There are
matrixes of boundaries in effect
connected at points we are calling the
nodes and are vertice points in a 2
dimensional vectored view.
This virtual Particle (VP) becomes
observable energy after it goes
through what Roy is coining
Stimulated Electron Capture (SEC) or
concluding a probability fluctuation
(event).
A DEAD END WITHOUT A
CERTAINTY FORMULA
Things that appear certain in this VPPF theory
DOH- ua knowa whatta I meanna !
This is what mainstream loves to scramble! Why would a physicist like this
with utmost respect in the science community state this? Why not keep it a
secret until it could be explained? Do you think they are asking for help?
Schrodinger
His work with the electron, he described it to my acceptance therefore
he is 1st on this list of referenced physicists. His description is sufficient
to reference in this VPPF Theory.
Heisenberg
Probability fluctuations, Heisenberg Theory the 2nd physicist on the list of
referenced for VPPF.
Planck
Set the scale for atomic measurement and is 3rd referenced in the VPPF.
Feynman
Describes interaction of particles and fields, 4th referenced in the VPPF.
Josephson
Theoretical workings of quantum tunneling, 5th referenced physicist in
the VPPF.
Clark
Terra THz and comes in as 6th referenced in the VPPF Theory.
Rare pic (VPPF Theorists)
A mechanic and inventor on the left Dale and a master mind in nuclear
physics on the right Roy.
Digesting the current possibilities
It is possible that our team could become very well compensated by simply the
professionalism and people now involved with the 5group.
I see tremendous potential and possibilities are leaning towards success for our
5 group team and anyone that is to assist us financially or contribute
In knowledge and or experience for the benefit of the members of the 5 group.
Members 5 Group this date February 14, 2012
1-Roy Smith
2-Lui Dussen
3-Joshua Smith
4-Randy Wuller
5-Dale G. Basgall
Advisors on board 1. John R. Flanagan this date February 14, 2012