B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Brendan Casey , Fermilab, FPCP2011
Future Fermilab Flavor Physics Program
Probing the highest energies
p
New Physics Energy Scale, LNP
1E+15
1E+14
n seesaw
1E+13
1013 TeV
p
1E+12
p
1E+11
1E+10
K+
1E+09
100000000
10000000
1000000
  e
100000
10000
mK

KL
mB
1000
103 TeV
100
10
A fb (tt )
1 TeV1
n
LHC compositeness
0.1
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
n ,ne
2/24
Current Rings/Accelerators
LINAC
400 MeV
Main Injector 150 GeV
Accumulator & Debuncher
Booster
8 GeV
8 GeV
Tevatron
Recycler
8 GeV
Cockcroft-Walton
750 keV
NuMI
BooNE
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
3/24
Upgrades for experiments this decade
Major proton source accelerator improvement project for increased
beam power and reliability for next 15 years of operation
Booster:
7 Hz  15 Hz
2x flux @ 8 GeV
LINAC
400 MeV
Main Injector 150 GeV
Booster
8 GeV
K+
Accumulator & Debuncher
8 GeV
p
Recycler
8 GeV
200 MHz RFQ
Mu2e
NuMI
BooNE
MI:
400 kW 700 kW
@ 120 GeV
LBNE
g-2
Next generation muon, Kaon, and neutrino experiments
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
4/24
Upgrades for Experiments next decade
g-2, EDM
LBNE
Short baseline n experiments
> 2 MW @ 60-80 GeV
~3 MW high duty factor
@ 3 GeV
1 GeV available
NeN
EDM
e, eee
+e--e+
Rare isotopes, EDMs
Nuclear energy and waste
transmutation test facility
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
K0
K+
5/24
Neutrino Beamlines
n factory
???
+
upgrades
Local
MiniBooNE
MicroBooNE
MINERvA
SBNE
Minnesota
on axis
735 km
MINOS
+
upgrades
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
Minnesota
off axis
810km
NOvA
+
upgrades
South Dakota
wide band
1300k
LBNE
+
upgrades
6/24
Leptogenesis
• “Archeological evidence:”
Murayama hep-ph/0208005
– No electroweak baryogenesis
NR  l H 
NR  l -H *
GUT
L0
( B - L)  0
EW
B0
– CPV in light, left n
– Lepton number violation
• What info do we need to do these
experiments?
Need to know q13
0nbb expectations
PMNS
Need to know mass hierarchy
n3
n
n12
m2> 0
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
n2
n1
n3
m2< 0
7/24
NOvA
ne
Effective mass
n3
n2
n1
ne
n2
n1
m2> 0
m2< 0
n3
Oscillation frequency increases or
decreases depending on hierarchy
Far detector Building
May 18
Antineutrino interaction in
surface prototype
Ash River 4/18/2011
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
8/24
LBNE
• Longer baseline
– 8101300km
• Larger detector
– 2 x 100 kt Water
– 2 x 17 kt Liquid Ar
• Next generation q13,
CPV experiments
• Broad physics program
– Oscillations
– Astrophysics
– Proton decay
• Scope of each will depend
on detector choice
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
9/24
n-factory
Ultimate and perhaps
necessary reach comes
from muon storage ring
n factory
Variations
on LBNE
MuCool test area
at Fermilab.
First beam
delivered Feb 2011
Muon acceleration program (MAP) formed to unify US funded R&D
and prove feasibility of muon collider in the next few years
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
10/24
And much more
Address anomalies with
MicroBooNE, MINOS+
Precision cross section
measurements with
MINERvA
Ambitious LAr R&D program
ArgoNeuT
BooNE
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
11/24
Antiprotons
World’s greatest antimatter factory
2.6 nanograms last year
Charm,
hyperon,
exotics
Anti
Hydrogen
Will be repurposed for muon production
but there is still interesting physics that
may be unique to this facility
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
Anti
Gravity
12/24
Kaons
Same motivation for FCNC B and K programs
d
s
s
b
Difference is the size of the SM ‘background’
B mesons: Vts  l2 or Vtd  l3 or Vub  l3
Kaons: Vts* Vtd  l5
b  s : 3 10-4
K   p nn : 7.8 10 -11
Bs   : 3 10-9
K 0  p 0nn : 2.4 10 -11
Generic couplings: Kaons win, flavor specific: need both
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
13/24
Kp nn
1st 2nd 3rd generation at BNL
= 7 event data sample
BNL E787 event display
Can get hundreds of evts per year
starting with beam from Main Injector
and continuing with Project X
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
14/24
K0p 0nn
Picobunches
Pointing
Pencil
beam
Plus a lot more
200 evt/yr possible with
Project X
Generic couplings: Kaons win, flavor specific: need both
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
15/24
Other Kaon measurements
Enormous data sets + multipurpose detectors = lots of physics
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
16/24
Charged lepton flavor program
An observation of charged lepton flavor violation expected in the next
decade implies existence of a new mixing matrix.
Expect same as quarks, neutrinos: multi-decade program to determine 4
parameters of the matrix
→e, N→eN
→e, eee
 ee e

 e 
 e 

e  Cold traps,
muon sources,
 intense
super B factories,
factories,
  /charm
lepton colliders,
Hadron colliders…

 
→, 
(g-2)e, (g-2), (g-2)
CP violation: lepton EDM measurements
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
17/24
G-2
• Follow up of BNL
experiment but better:
Pbar
complex
– Reuse the storage ring
– 10x longer decay
channel
– Segmented calorimeters
target
ring
– Tracking
– >20x statistics, >2x less
systematics
• Coupled with a world
wide program to
interpret the
measurement
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
18/24
Mu2e
Direct conversion of a muon into an electron
bkg
signal
Diagrams in
common with
e
Diagrams not
accessible to
e
Mu2e goal: 3 x10-17 wrt capture (LNP~104 TeV)
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
19/24
  e with Project X
Option 1: LFV established  design for precision measurements / properties
Option 2: LFV not established  design for maximum sensitivity
3 x 10-19 possible with Project X beam power
Conversion rate vrs target Z
Vector
current
dipole
Scalar
current
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
20/23
EDMs
MFV + 1 new phase + Bs CPV = EDM
Large Bs CPV shrinks available
parameter space
10-25
EDMs this
decade ?!?!
10-30
Bs CPV
Thallium
neutron
Mercury
Buras, Isidori, Paradisi
arXiv:1007.5291
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
21/24
EDMs
• e EDM:
– Can amplify signal using high Z Alkali
metals
• Outer electron is in s-wave: size of
electron becomes size of atom.
• Factor ~1000 enhancement for
Francium
– Project X nuclear physics facility: copious
production of desired heavy isotopes
•
 EDM:
B
w
– EDM tilts precession plane of muons in a
storage ring
S
E
• Factor 100 improvement possible with
New g-2 experiment
• Extra factor 10000 possible with
dedicated storage ring in Project X
muon facility
EDM=0
 rest frame
wB
S EDM≠0
E
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
22/23
Near term timeline
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
23/24
Conclusions
• Fermilab is planning a diverse neutrino
and targeted rare process program that
covers many of the most important low
energy observables
p
• In several cases, Fermilab is the best
place to perform these experiments
– Beam power + duty factor
– In many, it is the only place to perform
these measurements to high precision due
to unique features of Project X
p

• The program will play an integral role in
interpreting LHC results, will push the
envelope in precision detector
technology, and will provide unique
opportunities to grad students and post
docs.
B. Casey, FPCP 2011
K+
KL
n
n ,ne
24/24