r:
NATIONAl SEMINAR VISION ltlZS. TECHNOLOGICAl DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL SOENCES(JAN 17TO 19, 2011) AT
PATKAR - VARDECOLLEGEMUMBAI
Adsorption
of
Methylene
Blue
from
Aqueous
solution-
A
Comparative
Study for Colour Removal Efficiency of Brick kiln ash
and Bagasse fly ash
Himanshu
E. mail. himanshubaxi2811
I. Bharati
D. Baxil,
R. Gidde2
Milind
@rediffmaiJ.com
Vidyapeeth
Institute
of Environment
Education
and
Research,
Pune
2.
Professor,
B.V.D.U.,
Department
of
Civil
Engineering,
College
of Engineering,
Pune.
Abstract
The
excessive
worldwide.
release
ln
investigated
removing
environment
use of
low-cost
a replacement
for the
current
from
solution.
as
dye
Methylene
blue
Bagasse
various
into
this
fly
ash
analysed.
kiln
ash
showed
respectively
which
kiln
influent
that
for
from
The
using
ash-
experiment
the
influent
IS
a major
adsorbents
expensive
adsorptive
concern
has
of
removal
of
bed column
as adsorbents.
The
flow
using
rate
Bagasse
and
been
methods
a packed
concentration,
using
effects
bed
for removing
of
height
fly ash and Brick
concentration,
the
percentage
50 rng/l to 0.080 (99.83%) & 0.097 (99.80%)
is the optimum
After that the capability
the percentage
achieved
and Brick
The column
dropped
the
aqueous
like
reduction
colour
study,
dye was
factors
were
of
mg/I
holding capacity of dye for both of adsorbents.
dye is decreases. For the different bed heights,
reduction was increased
with the increase in bed height due to the
availability of more number of sorption sites. At optimum bed height (7.5cm), the
percentage reduction
was achieved 99.72% and 99.70% respectively.
flow rates, the percentage reduction
For the different
was decreased with the increase in flow rate
minimized. At optimum flow rate (l Oml/min.), the percentage reduction was achieved
99.62%, and 99.70%,
respectively. It is concluded that Bagasse fly ash is an effective
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7
Adsorption
of
Methylene
Blue
from
Aqueous
solution-
A
Comparative
Study for Colour Removal Efficiency of Brick kiln ash
and Bagasse fly ash
Himanshu
D. Baxi
Prof.
1,
R. Gidde2•
Milind
E. mail. [email protected]
1.
Bharati
Vidyapeeth
Institute
of
Environment
Education
and
Research,
Pune
2.
Department
of Civil
Engineering,
College
of
Engineering,
B.V.D.U.,
Pune.
Abstract
The
excessi
ve release
worldwide.
In this
investigated
dye
Methylene
study,
from
blue
Bagasse
fly
various
factors
was
and
The column
that
kiln
dropped
respectively
which is the optimum
After that the capability
the percentage
availability
reduction
minimized.
99.62%,
ash-
a packed
as
using
in fl uent
holding
was increased
capacity
reduction
was
the contact
and 99.70%, respectively.
column
bed
fly ash
& 0.097
using
effects
of
height
and Brick
the
percentage
(99.80%)
mg/I
bed heights,
in bed height
due to the
bed height
(7.5cl11), the
with the increase
in flow rate
adsorbate
the percentage
It is concluded
of
For the different
time between
At optimum flow rate (IOml/min.).
removal
of dye for both of adsorbents.
with the increase
decreased
of
and
concentration,
been
methods
The
rate
Bagasse
of sor-ption site,'. At optimum
flow rate,
bed
adsorbents.
50 mg/I to 0.080 (99.83%)
of more number
at higher
using
adsorptive
for removing dye is decreases.
flow rates, the percentage
because
The
concern
has
expensive
co u c c n r rut io n , flow
the
reduction
adsorbents
current
solution.
a major
1S
low-cost
the
experiment
for
from
of
achieved
Brick
environment
use
for
l ik e in fl ucnt
showed
into
the
aqueous
dye
ash
analysed.
ki In ash
colour
as a replacement
removing
were
of
that Bagasse
and adsorbent
reduction
is
was achieved
fly ash is
an effective
.
consumption
and waste generation have become considerable
concerns for textile
manufacturers and finishers. Textile industry wastewater is characterized primarily by
measurements
solids.
of BOD, COD, colour, heavy metals, total dissolved and suspended
BOD, or biochemical
consuming
capabilities
presence of decomposing
oxygen
demand, is the measure
of organic matter. Water with
of the oxygen
high BOD
indicates the
organic matter and subsequent high bacterial counts that
degrade its quality and potential uses. COD, or chemical oxygen demand, measures
the potential
overall oxygen
requirements
of the wastewater
sample, including
oxidizable components not determined in the BOD analysis. Colour is defined as
either true or apparent colour. True colour is the colour of water from which all
turbidity has been removed. Apparent colour includes
- -
;-
--
-
any colour that is due to
--
suspended solids in the water sample. 'Colour and turbidity both cause an aesthetic and
real hazard to the environment. The aesthetic value considers the discoloration of
recreational streams and waterways. The real hazards caused by colour and solids in
waste are dye toxicity and the ability of the colouring agents to interfere with the
plants. Heavy metals, typically chromium and copper, are very hazardous to human
and aquatic life at relatively low concentrations. Heavy metals are introduced into the
wastewater of textile manufacturing through the use of premetalized dyes and heavy
metal after washes, which are used to increase the light fastness of the finished
product. Total dissolved solids, or TDS, characterize the general purity of water and is
often largely due to soluble ions such as sodium, chloride, and sulphate. Obviously,
high TDS is detrimental to fresh water aquatic life.
There are many technologies
currently available for treating wastewater from the
textile industry. Included are: 1) Biological treatment, 2) Chemical precipitation, 4)
Ultra filtration, 3) Carbon adsorption, and 5) Oxidation with ozone.
The main drawback with these technologies is that they generally lack the broad
scope treatment efficiency required to reduce all the diverse pollutants present in
textile wastewater.' However, when one approach docs look promising then the capital
costs or operating costs often become prohibitive when applied to the large scale
water needs common to this industry.
cr
[IUPAC NAME: - 3, 7-bis (Dimethylamino)
The reason behind chosen Methylene
- phenothiazin-5-ium
blue for this study
capacity onto solids. The dye is not regarded
as actually
chloride]
was, it has strong adsorption
toxic, but it can have various
harmful effects.
Basic dye, Methylene
\VLl
Blue,
was used without
.l_~; ca i tv C ior 2i1 cciore use. All
further
or
the
purification.
Methylene
Methylene
Blue
solution
Blue
wa
prepared with distilled water.
The stock solution
of 10 mgll
by diluting the stock solution
~1..,:1 tcH~rtion
2.: .2:- Fly
\\'U
The experimental
prepared.
with distilled
and adsorbent
solution
was prepared
water when necessary.
dcyclopn1cnt
Baga se fly ash and Brick kiln ash were collected from Rajgad sahakari
and its surrounding
overnight
area, Bhor, Pune, respectively.
and sieved through
Both were oven
sugar factory
dried at II O.JC
sieve No. 100 (150~l). The sieved Bagasse
Brick kiln ash were then stored in a desiccator
fly ash and
for the further use.
2.1.3:- Equipment:
A
Sysrronics
concentration
UV spectrophotometry
was analyscd
at 665nl11.
16~ was
used
for dye
analysis.
The
dye
3. Results and Discussion
3.1:- Effects of initial dye concentration
The adsorption experiments were carried out in the conditions explained in 2.2.1. The
figure
1 shows
concentrations
the percentage
removal
of dye as a function
of initial dye
at fixed bed height and flow rate. It was observed that percentage
removal of dye decreases with increases in concentration from 25, 50, 75 mg/l, At
higher concentration, the availability of dye molecules for the adsorption site is more,
which leads to higher uptake of dye at higher concentration. (Goel J., et al., 2005).
The results indicate that, for Bagasse fly ash and Brick kiln ash, the concentration of
dye decreases from 50 mg/l to 0.080 (99.83%) & 0.097 (99.80%) mg/l respectively
which is the optimum holding capacity of dye- for both of adsorbents. Afterthat the
capability for removing dye is decreases .
• OO~:~~-=~~~~
99 82
i--u.o;;:;;,
00.8
c
o
99.78
1
?l.76
;.
99_1-4
"i!
99.72
-
:.~ t-·-::; .
9966
r-'--'--"'-" -'-'-,=-'-,-,~,..I--"-.:......L..----r---'-'---'----,_.'-----'---,--..L-'---<-
I
B lI9HM
ny
ash
Brick kihluh
Oye Conc~n
Figure
3.2:- Effects of different
(01gl1)
1:- Effects of Initial
Dye Concentration
bed heights
The adsorption experiments were carried out ill the conditions explained in 2.22 The
figure 2 shows the percentage removal
or dye
as a function of di ITcrcnt bed heights .u
fixed dye concentration and flow rate. It \\ ~h observed that the reI11O\'<.t1
efficiency
l,r
dye increased \\ ith increasing adsorbent concentration due to the availability of more
The results indicate that, for Bagasse fly ash (50mgll dye concentration and 7.5cm
bed height), the concentration of dye decreases to 0.077 (99.84%), 0.l35 (99.72%),
0.188 (99.62%), for 5, 10, 15 ml/minute flow rate respectively. For Brick kiln ash
(50mg/1 dye concentration
and 7.5cm bed height), the concentration of dye decreases
to 0.070 (99.85%), 0.149 (99.70%), 0.225 (99.55%), for 5, 10,15 ml/minute flow rate
respectively.
For both adsorbents, 1Oml/min. is optimum
flow tate. The extent of
adsorption is depend on the site of adsorbate & other factors like surface functional
groups, types of pores present on carbon, intra particle mass transfer, etc. (Fu Y, et aI.,
2001) (Aksu Z, et al., 2006). The effect of flow rate is helpful for large scale
treatment systems in order to utilize the bed for its maximum capacity with minimum
flow rat~ (Aksu Z, et al., 2007) ..
Figure
3.4:- Maximum
Bagasse
3:- Effects of Different
pCl"Ccntage rcmoval
fly ash and Brick kiln
with respect to optimum
at optimum
il:--h
Flow Rates
condition
were Llluly:\cJ for uiax imum percentage
initial concentration
(50mg/l).
optimum
reduction
bed height (7.5cm)
and optimum flow rate (1 Oml min). Fhc figure -J. shows that Bagasse fly ash has
\
maximum
removal
efficiency
than Brick kiln ash.
Figure 5 & 6:- Freundlich isotherm
16
14
12
10
qe
8
6
4
2
a
0
~
0.15 ..." ,
-
.,
0.05
ce
Freundlich isotherm for Brick-kiln ash
6
5
4
qe
3
2
1
0
a
0.05
0.1
0.15
Ce
0.2
0.25
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