School District of Hillsborough County
Zoology
Semester I Course Review
Unit 1: Evolution
1. What are the 4 major components of the theory of Natural Selection?
2. Explain why the fourteen species of finches on the Galapagos Islands is an example of adaptive
radiation.
3. Explain what adaptation is and give one animal example of adaptation.
4. Differentiate between artificial selection and natural selection.
5. Differentiate between microevolution and macroevolution.
6. List and describe 5 examples of evidence of macro-evolutionary change.
7. Compare and contrast the 3 types of selection illustrated below and give examples for each
type.
8. Differentiate between allopatric, parapatric, and sympatric speciation.
9. Briefly describe how the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) represents an
example of the bottleneck effect.
10. What is gene flow and how does it relate to changes in the relative allelic frequency of an animal
population?
Unit 2: Ecology
11. Describe what abiotic factors are in a habitat. Give examples of various abiotic factors.
12. Explain the figure below.
13. Sketch a logistic growth curve for an animal population and identify the carrying capacity.
14. Differentiate between Type I, Type II, and Type III Survivorship.
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What is the difference between density-independent and density-dependent factors?
Differentiate between intraspecific and interspecific competition. Give examples of each type.
List, describe, and give an example for each form of symbiosis.
Differentiate between cryptic coloration and aposematic coloration.
Describe how tropical deforestation has adversely affected the biosphere.
Unit 3: Classification
20. Differentiate between systematics and nomenclature.
21. What is the proper way to write the scientific name of an animal?
22. List the eight taxonomic categories in the proper sequence from broadest to most specific.
23. Describe what is being represented in the figure below. Make sure to distinguish between the 3
evolutionary groups.
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What does a cladogram represent? What information is used to construct cladograms?
Differentiate between synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies in relation to cladograms.
What is the difference between radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry?
Describe what is meant by the term cephalization.
Sketch a diploblastic body plan. What two embryonic tissue layers are present in a diploblastic
animal?
29. Look at the illustration below. Differentiate between the 3 triploblastic body plans.
Unit 4: Animal Behavior
30. Compare and contrast the 4 approaches to Animal Behavior: Comparative Psychology, Ethology,
Behavioral Ecology, and Sociobiology.
31. What is an innate behavior? Give an example of an innate behavior in animals.
32. Define habituation and give an animal example.
33. Give an animal example of classical conditioning.
Unit 5: Animal Reproduction
34. Two forms of asexual reproduction are being represented below. Identify the form of asexual
reproduction in each photo and describe each.
Figure 29.01b
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Describe fragmentation.
Describe sequential hermaphroditism.
Differentiate between protogynous and protandrous hermaphrodites.
Describe parthenogenesis.
Compare and contrast the following types of reproduction patterns among vertebrates:
oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous.
Unit 6: Protozoans
40. What characteristic separates protozoans from animals?
41. Differentiate between a definitive host and an intermediate host.
42. In relation to the following protozoan diseases, explain what protozoan causes the disease, how
humans acquire it (list specific vector if applicable), and list general clinical features exhibited by
the disease:
(a) Giardiasis
(b) Trichomoniasis
(c) African sleeping sickness
(d) Malaria
Unit 7: Porifera & Cnidaria
43. List the major characteristics of the Phylum Porifera.
44. List and describe the 3 cell types found in sponges.
45. What is the function of spicules in sponges?
46. What animals are classified in the Phylum Cnidaria?
47. Where is the mesoglea found in a Cnidarian body?
48. Describe the structure and function of a cnidocyte.
49. Where does digestion occur in a Cnidarian?
50. Differentiate between the polyp and medusa stages of a jellyfish.
51. Differentiate between the 3 sponge body plans represented below.
Unit 8: Platyhelminthes
52. List the major characteristics of the Phylum Platyhelminthes.
53. Describe the following Flatworm classes:
(a) Turbellaria
(b) Monogenea
(c) Trematoda
(d) Cestoidea
54. Describe the life cycle of the Chinese Liver Fluke. Include both the intermediate host and the
definitive host.
55. Describe the life cycle of the Beef Tapeworm.
56. Describe the disease cysticercosis.
Unit 9: Mollusca
57. List the major characteristics of the Phylum Mollusca.
58. What major physiological processes take place inside the mantle cavity of a mollusk?
59. What does the mantle secrete in some mollusks?
60. Describe torsion in Gatropods.
61. Describe what adverse affect that the reduction in the Chesapeake Bay oyster population has
caused in the Chesapeake Bay.
62. What is the umbo?
63. Describe the following Mollusa classes:
(a) Bivalvia
(b) Gastropoda
(c) Cephalopoda
Unit 10: Annelida
64. List the major characteristics of the Phylum Annelida.
65. Describe metamerism.
66. Describe the following Annelida classes:
(a) Polychaeta
(b) Clitellata (Subclass Oligochaeta and Subclass Hirudinea)
67. How do leeches help humans?