"!$# %&#(')+*-,/.$0213.5476819*-:<; =?>
'@"#(
6BAC #
DE*-FG#IHJ.$:,
MK L
N@OQPSRUTWVXRUY(T[Z\^]@_QRa`
b e
c d@fXgihjglkUm5nUohqp)p)fUr
hQs&t5u+v p)hquIwyx$m+wMz{h|wBwBofas+p[}(z~pd@f
€ fX+m@hQvfUofUs@p+g‚z}+vƒp)d+f/„…fX†IvfUf
‡ R)ˆ8‰ŠRa`‹RaŒ-ŽY(OQ_QRaRU‘(Y’]
“$”•”•–8—™˜{š•›Uœ{žBš•Ÿ¡ ¢Ÿ¤£5—{¥I¥I §¦™¦^š•šB¨
©(ª¬«|­Šª¬®-¯±°³²
´iµ¶¸·Š¹»º«
¼ |« ª¾½¿ºÀ|Àjª¬«)ª¾½ ¼ ·ÂÁÃÀ|ÄŶÀ"ƱÇÈ·ÊɾÄÅ«|ËÉÌ®
Í ÉÌΊ´ŠÀϪ¾Î±º"«|µÀ
¼ «|ª¾½¿ºÀ|Àjª¬«)ª¾½ ¼ ·ÂÁÃÀ|ÄŶÀ
Ï)ÄŶ¸·ŠÉ¾«j­¤ÐŽª¬¹»½
¼ «|ª¾½¿ºÀ|Àjª¬«aª¾½M¯iъɾ¶º ¼ ·ÒÁÃÀjÄ»¶ÀÈɾ®Š­Ó@À|µj«jª¬®Šª¾ËÁ
Ô
ՙÖØ×ÙÌՙÚ)Û IÜÒÝJÞ8×
ßàÞ L ÛÈá³â™â™â
ã?ä Ã‰`Ê\؈8‰
"!$# %&#(')+*-,/.$0213.5476819*-:<; =?>
'@"#(
6BAC #
DE*-FG#IHJ.$:,
KML
{åçæèÕ8Úlé™Õ8êØÚë5Þ L ì Õ8í
î ·Šº‹ï´ÊÉÌ«jð~ñÈÉò¬ºóô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ…ª¾½µ·Šº‚¹ÅªöñȺ"«Qóô¹»ÁÃÄÅ®Š÷øºõùi¶Äúµº­ÃóûÀ|µÉ̵º‹·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ŠÀ…ü(ýQþÿ Æ
qý þõÆÂɾ®Š­$ü(ýqþ
ɾ«jº®Šª¾µJñUº¹Å¹Ê´®Š­Šº«|À|µjªiªÃ­™°Êª¬«ØºõùÉ¾Ë$ъ¹»º¾ÆÒµ·Šº)üIýQþÿËÉÁ®ª¾µaαº
É5«jº"÷¬´Š¹Åɾ« µ·Š«|ººóûï´Êɾ«|ðÀ|µ¸É¡µºΊ´µÈÉ 7˪¾¹Åº¶"´Š¹ÅºÌ° ¯Ãº"ò¬º"«É¾¹³¶ª¾Ëѳº"µjÄÅ®Š÷5Ë$ªi­Šº"¹ÅÀØ·ÊÉò¾º+γºº®
ѐ«jª¬Ñ³ª¬Àjº"­™ÆBΊ´µ ®Šª¬®º$·ŠÉöò¾ºÎ³ºº"®Ž¶"ª¬®ÒòÃÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ®Š÷¬¹úÁ<º"¹ÅÄÅË$ÄÅ®ŠÉ̵º"­™°²
ºÉ¾Àj´«jÄÅ®÷
«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º­Šº¶ÉÁiÀ
ѐ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº"ÀCɎË$ºÉÌ®ŠÀª¾½I­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵jÄÅ®Š÷γº"µûñUºº®èµj·ŠºË$ªÃ­Šº¹»À° î ·Šº<«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºÎŠ«É¾®¶¸·ŠÄÅ®Š÷
«jÉ̵Ļª¬À@ɾ«jºÑŠ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµº­<µjªCγºÀjËɾ¹»¹Èý þ õƱΊ´µ+µj·Šº «jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º ñ)Ä»­µ·À+òÌɾ«|Á-ÎÒÁ½ ɾ¶õµª¬«|À+ª¾½
öó¸þ ½¿«|ª¬Ë Ë$ªi­º¹8µjª$Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹ °
î ·ŠººõùiÄ»À|µÄ»®Š÷5ºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®Òµ¸É¾¹Ê­ÊÉ¡µ¸É(ÄÅÀØÀ|ÑÊɾ«jÀ|º+ÉÌ®Š­Ä»®Š¶ª¾®ŠÀjÄ»À|µº"®Òµ Ã˪¬«|ºªöò¬º"«ÆÒµ·º@«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º
­º¶ÉÁ¤ªÌ½µ·º ýqþ È·ÊɾÀX®Šºõò¬º«@αº"º®-ª¬ÎŠÀ|º«|ò¾º­<γº"½¿ª¾«jº$ý ºùi¶ºÑiµ@½¿ª¬«Xª¾®Šº5º"ò¬º"®Òµ õ°
î ·Šº"ÀjºI¹»ªöñȺ"«Qóû¹úÁÃÄÅ®Š÷5ºõùi¶"Ä»µº"­ióûÀQµ¸É̵jº@·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ŠÀÈñUº«jº@ъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"º­CÄ»®É5µ¸É¾÷¾÷¬º­ÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®ióûγºÉÌË
ºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®Òµ)Ä»®Cµ·ŠºÇ ^Ó(¯¤­Šº"µjº¶õµª¬«É̵ îÍ Ó …ÄÅ®Cµ·º «|ºÉ¾¶õµÄ»ª¬® ! "$#&%X½¿ª¬«’ÑŠ·ª¾µª¬®
º"®Šº«|÷¬Äź"ÀI½¿«jª¬Ëƒµ·Š«|ºÀ|·Šª¬¹Å­µj'
ª i° ÿ
©()º (° î ·Šº «É¾­Ä§É̵jÄ»ò¬ºÎŠ«É¾®¶¸·ŠÄÅ®Š÷¤«jÉ̵ĻªC½¿ª¬«+µj·Šº +* ýQþ «|º¹ÅÉ̵Äúò¬º
µjª9µ·Šº +* ýqþ , .ü - * ¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹Iñ’ɾÀ¤Ë$ºÉÌÀj´Š«|º­‹µª3γ/
º 102i4þ 35607 "= *9*988 *:*:*<*?;> Æ
¶"ª¬«j«|ºÀ|ѱª¬®­ŠÄÅ®Š÷µjªÉ ÑÊɾ«QµÄÅɾ¹±ñ)Ä»­µ·ª¾A½ @¾ÿ B3CDE "G=J:FIHJ ** ðÌ)º (°
K
'+L¤:<.54NM#I<;PO #I:¤ ,
Uñ ª¬´Š¹»­
¹»ÄÅð̺5µjª$µj·Êɾ®Šð¤ËÁ-ɾ­òÃÄÅÀ|ª¬«@©5ª¬«|­Šª¬®²
´µj¶¸·Š¹Åº"«½¿ª¬«)·ŠÄ»À)Ëɾ®ÒÁ·Šº"¹Åѐ½¿´¹^ª¬ÎŠÀjº"«|òÌÉ¡ó
µjÄŪ¬®ÀÆBËÁª¾µj·Šº« ¶ª¾ËË$Ä»µ|µººË$ºËαº"«jÀÆSRI«° Ўª¬¹»½’ɾ®Š­TRI«°CÏ)ª¬Î³º«QµÀÆB½¿ª¬«5«jºõòÃÄź"ñ)Ä»®Š÷µ·Šº
­«É̽¢µÆ±ÉÌ®Š­Uع»µjª¬®¯iË$Ä»µj·
½¿ª¬«γºÄÅ®÷ÀjªÀj´ŠÑŠÑ³ª¬«QµÄ»ò¾º­Š´«jÄÅ®÷µ·ºÑÊɾÀQµ+µj·Š«jº"ºÁ¬ºÉ¾«jÀ"° î ·Êɾ®ðÃÀ
É̹ÅÀjª
µ/
ª VÈ´Š«|ÄÅ®9Ó@ÀÉòÌɾъĻΊ·Šª¬Ñ™ÆU¯Ãµjº"ò¾W
º VÈɾ«j«|ª ñ5YÆ Xª òÌɾ®ºÀ UØ÷¬Ä»Á¬É¾®™ÆJÏ)ª¬Z
Πʺ´Šº"«jÎÊÉ̶¸·™Æ’ÇȪ¾À|µûÁ
^ª¬´ðÌÉ̶¸·ŠÄÅ®ŠºÌÆ Í ªÃºC²
ɾ®Êɾð•ÆJ¯iÄȲ
¶"Ó+¹Åº"º«"Æ Í ª¬·Š®9²
¶ ɾΊΙÆJɾ®­9Ï)ÄŶ¸·Êɾ«|­ î ·Šª¾ËъÀ|ª¬\
® [<µ·Šº
X@ɾ¹Å
¹ V~¶«jºõ]
ñ [ŽÉ¾®Š­Gµjª©5ɾΊ«|Äź¹aɾ®­ Q ªÒɾ®ÊÉ ÄŶ"´Š¹Åº"Àj¶"´™° Q ñUª¬´Š¹»­3ɾ¹»Àjª¹»ÄÅð̺$µjªµ·ÊÉÌ®Šðµ·Šº
Ëɾ®ÒÁµjº¶¸·Š®ÄŶÄÅɾ®ŠÀ@ɾ®ŠW
­ X+ɾ¹»^¹ V‹À|µEÉ _Àj¶"Äź®ÒµjÄÅÀ|µjÀµj·ÊÉ̵·Šº"¹Åѳº­-𾺺"ÑÇ ^Ó(¯´ŠÑ
ɾ®Š­-«j´Š®Š®ÄÅ®Š÷
­´Š«jÄ»®Š÷µ·Šº©þÓà«j´Š®Š®ÄÅ®Š÷ ѳº«jÄ»ªi­8°aÓ@¹ÅÀ|ª$µj·Êɾ®ŠðÂÀ@ɾ«jº5ªöñȺ"­
µjªÉ¾¹»¹8µ·ºÑ³ºª¬Ñ¹ÅºIñ)·Šª$ñȪ¬«|ð¾º"­
ª¾®µj·ŠºIµ¸ÉÌ÷¬÷¬º«)ÉÌ®Š­­Šªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉÌË/­Šº"òÃÄŶ"ºÀ"ƳĻ®Š¶¹»´Š­ŠÄ»®Š`÷ UØ«jÄ»¶(Ó+®Š¶"ħɾ®ÒµÆ î ·Äź«|«|ÁÓ+´Š÷¬º"«Æ³²
Ä»ð¾º
RI´÷¬÷¬º«"Æi¯É¾Àj·ŠÉ ¼ ·ŠÄŹ»¹ÅĻъÀa
Æ R(ɾ®¯iª¬Î³º«"1Æ X@ɾ¹Å¹³ÇÈ«jɾ®Š®Šº"¹Å¹ 6Æ ^´Š¶+²
´Š«|ъ·ÒÁ¬ÆÊÉÌ®Š­CÉ5Ί´Š®Š¶¸·¤ªÌ½™ª¾µj·Šº«
½¿ª¾¹ÅðÂÀ°
¯iѳº¶"ħɾ¹Êµj·Êɾ®ŠðÂÀUµjªËÁEª b¶"ºõóôËÉ̵jº ¼ ɾ´ŠG¹ X@ªÃªÃ­É¾®­ª b$¶ºóû®Šº"ÄÅ÷¬·Â㪬«j+À VÈ«jÄÅɾP® c5«|ª¬ÀjÀUɾ®Š­
Í ªÃ.º VȺɾ´i½ ɾĻµM½¿ª¬«ËɾðÂÄÅ®÷@µ·ºÈъ·ÒÁÃÀjÄ»¶ÀØ÷¬·Šºõµjµjªý Éi° 𕰠ɐ°µ·º UU-Ί´ÄŹŭÄÅ®Ša÷ ™Éµª¬¹»º«ÉÌΊ¹Åºaъ¹§É̶º
µjªñUª¬«jð•Æ^ÉÌ®Š­µª Í )º _GϺ"ÄÅ­<ÉÌ®Š/
­ RIº«|ºð
¯Ãµ¸ÉÌ®½¿ª¬«j­8°+Ó+®,
­ dÊ®Êɾ¹»¹»Á¾Æ³µj·Êɾ®ŠðÂÀ+µjªËÁ½ ɾË$ÄŹúÁC½¿ª¬«
ñÈɾÄúµÄÅ®÷Àjª ÑÊÉ̵jÄź®Òµj¹»Á½¿ª¾«X˺Iµjeª dÊ®ÄÅÀj·¤µj·Šº5À|µ´ÑŠÄÅ­µ·ŠÄ»®Š÷Š°
Q
f
g
{
m
.$:C #(:C ,
Ó@ΊÀ|µj«É¾¶õµ
Ó@¶¸ð ñ)¹»º­Š÷¾Ëº"®ÂµjÀ
^ÄÅÀQµ)ª¾A
½ ÄÅ÷¬´«jºÀ
^ÄÅÀQµ)ª¾½ î ɾΐ¹ÅºÀ
R i4jIˆ8‰ŠOqRÈT
h Tȉ`ÊB
þ¬°úþ î ·ºª¬«|º"µÄ»¶É¾¹^ªöò¾º«|òÃÄ»º"ñ ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
þ¾°»þ¬°úþ î ·Šº ü(ýqþÿ aъ«jª¬Î¹ÅºË °5° °° ° °°
þ¬7° ¼ «|º"òÃÄŪ¬´lÀ Uùiѳº«jĻ˺"®Òµ¸É¾¹^«|ºÀj´¹»µÀà° °° ° °°
þ¬2° î ·ººùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ‹° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
‘ qM`•OQs
P q{Tȉ\J_ 㠑(‘I\Ø`Ê\t‰ jI
npo r
i°úþ RIºõµº"¶"µª¾«¶"ª¬Ë$ѱª¬®º®ÒµÀ ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬°úþ
î ·Šº5µ¸É¾÷¾÷¬ÄÅ®Š÷À|ѱº"¶"µj«jª¬Ë$º"µjº«ý¿µÉ¾÷¬÷¬º"«v
ð»þ¬7° ÇȪ¬¹»¹ÅÄÅËÉ̵jª¬«jÀ° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬2° î ·Šº5µ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µ°° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬° ÿ
î ·Šº À|µÉ¾«|µ)¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"« ° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬7° î ·Šº ËÉÌÄÅ®Cµª¾«j´ŠÀ~°° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬2° @
RI«jÄú½¢µÇÈ·ÊɾËαº"«jÀ?°° °°5° °° ° °°
ð»þ¬7° D
î ÄÅË$ºõóôª¾½§<ó wŠÄÅ÷¬·Òµ)¯Ã¶ÄŮҵjÄŹŹÅÉ̵ª¾«jÀø° ° °°
ð»þ¬2° Uعź"¶"µ«|ª¬Ëɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÄŶ(ǒɾ¹Åª¬«|ÄÅË$º"µjº«jÀW°°
ð»þ¬2° k
RIªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉ¾Ë/­Šº"òÃÄ»¶ºÀ °5° °° ° °°
i7° î «jÄ»÷¬÷¬º"«Xº¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®ŠÄ»¶À ° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
Ãx° i°úþ
î ɾ÷¬÷¬º"«+²
ɾÀ|µjº«Q?ó y(Ï °°5° °° ° °°
Ãx° i7° ¼ «jº"Àj¶É̹ÅÄÅ®÷ °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
Ãx° i2° ¯ÃµÉ¾«|µ+ÇȪ¬´Š®Òµjº«Xµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«Ž°5° °° ° °°
Ãx° i° ÿ
î yz ѐ«jº"µj«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º«XγªÒɾ«|­ŠÀè° °° ° °°
Ãx° i7° ÇÈÓ(²-ÓÇø¹Åª¬÷¬Ä»¶9° °° °°5° °° ° °°
Ãx° i2° @
^º"ò¾º¹Jþ µj«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º«° °° °°5° °° ° °°
i2° R(É¡µ¸ÉÓ+¶"ïôÄÅÀjÄúµÄ»ª¬® °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
` jIˆ8‰ÊOqRÈTENRaŒ‰ ~G\Øt` qy\JT i ‡ \‰\
| qBˆ^RUTIÃ‰}
°úþ Ï)º¶"ª¬®ŠÀQµ«j´¶"µÄ»ª¬® ° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °°
i°»þ¬°úþ
î ɾ÷¬÷¬º"««|º¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|µj«j´Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®
°5° °° ° °°
»Ä Ä
ÄÅÄ»Ä
òÃÄ
Äù
°°
°°
°°
° °
°°
°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °
° °°5°
° °°5°
° °°5°
° °°5°
°°
°°
°°
° °
°°
°°
°°
° °
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
° °°5° °° °°
| qi4jIˆ8‰ÊOqRÈT
° ° ° °°5° °° °°
° ° ° °°5° °° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
°°
°°
°°
° °
g
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °
°
°
k
° þ
° þ
gAu
D
D
@
@
k
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
° þ
° þ
° iþ
° iþ
° Ìÿ
° Ìÿ
° Ìÿ
€.
° °° ° ° ° ÿ
° °° ° ° ° ÿ
ò
i°»þ¬°7 ¯ÃµÉ¾«|µ¶ª¾´Š®Òµº«)«|º¶ª¾®ŠÀ|µj«j´Š¶õµÄŪ¾®W° °° °° ° °°5°
i°»þ¬°2
î ÄÅË$ºõóôª¾½§ó<wŠÄÅ÷¬·Òµ’«|º¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|µj«j´Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®è° °° °° ° °°5°
i°»þ¬° ÿ
RIº"µjº«|ËÄ»®ŠÄÅ®Š÷ µj·Šº5À|µÉ¾«|µXµjÄÅË$ºIª¾½Mµ·Šº5º"ò¾º®Òµ°°5°
i°»þ¬7° ¼ ·Šª¾µjª¬®'wŠ´iù ° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
°7 R(É¡µ¸É Ϻ"­Š´Š¶õµÄŪ¾® ° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
€ 
\Ø`‰ÊOqˆB‚_ q h izqMTȉÊO:ƒ5ˆ^\‰ÊOqRUT
ÿŠ°úþ UØË$ъÄÅ«|ÄŶɾ¹8¶"ª¬«j«|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®À‚° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ÿ°»þ¬°úþ ÇȪ¬«|«jº¶õµÄ»®Š÷$½¿ª¾«Xº®Šº"«j÷¾Á¤¹»ª¬ÀjÀ ° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ÿ°»þ¬7° ÇȪ¬«|«jº¶õµÄ»®Š÷$½¿ª¾«)ɾ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«’­Šº"ѱº"®Š­Šº"®Š¶Ä»ºÀ° ° °°5°
ÿ°»þ¬2° ÇȪ¬«|«jº¶õµÄ»ª¬®
ªÌ½{µj·Šº5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®Î±ºÉ¾Ë º®º«j÷ÌÁ °°5°
ÿŠ7° {ÄÅ­Š´Š¶"ħɾ¹±¶´µjÀ’° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ÿŠ2° ²-ÄÅ®ŠÄ»Ë†Ä …ÄÅ®‡÷ " ËÄ»ÀjÄÅ­º®ÒµˆÄ dʶÉ̵jÄŪ¬®°° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ÿŠ° ÿ Q ­º®ÒµÄú½¢ÁiÄ»®Š÷µ·Šº5üIýQþ¬þ¬þ @ °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
‰ ŽY’]@OQˆ^ ã TI\J_û]ŠOq
i°úþ VÈɾ¶¸ðÂ÷¬«jª¬´®Š­«|ºÉ¾¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀC° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ð»þ¬°úþ
" - = U ò¬º"®ÂµjÀ ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
ð»þ¬7° % ъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÄŪ¾®
°° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
i7° Ó@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵Ļª¬®ŠÀ ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
Ãx° i°úþ
U ò¬º"®Âµ(©5º"®Šº«jÉ̵Ļª¬® ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
Ãx° i7° ¯iÄ»Ë ´Š¹§É¡µÄŪ¾®Cª¾½ Ç BÓI¯Î³º·ŠÉöòÃÄ»ª¬« °° °° ° °°5°
Ãx° i2° © ¯ Q ² ѳª¬ÀQµ|óûѐ«jªÃ¶ºÀ|ÀjÄ»®Š÷ÉÌ®Š­«jº¶"ª¬®ŠÀQµ«j´¶"µÄ»ª¬®9°5°
Ãx° i° ÿ
¯iÄ»Ë ´Š¹§É¡µÄŪ¾®C«jº"Àj´Š¹úµÀ ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
 j(_ô‰è\JT iŒGRÈTIˆB‚_ jIŠOqRÈTI
u | qB‹
@°úþ Uùõ«jɾ¶"µjÄÅ®Š÷ ÁÃÄź"¹Å­ŠÀ&°° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
@7° ǒÉ̹Ŷ´¹§É̵jÄÅ®Š÷µj·Šº5Ί«ÉÌ®Š¶¸·ŠÄÅ®÷«jÉ̵Ļª °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
@2° Ï)ºï´ŠÄ»«jÄ»®Š÷ ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®ŠÀ ° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
@° ÿ RIÄ»Àj¶"´ŠÀjÀ|ÄŪ¬®-ɾ®Š­-¶ª¾®Š¶¹»´ŠÀjÄ»ª¬® °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
` q{TI^ˆ qB
| qBΠqBt
㠎 t` qMPSiÃ‰`Ê\JY(_ j(T 
Ž ‡ q^‰\JOQ_Q‹RaŒC‰Ê
Y q NˆBOQT’‰ŠOQ_|_q\‰ŠRa`?t` qMˆ^RUTIÃ‰}` jIˆ8‰ŠOQRUT
V+°úþ î ·º ¯ŠÇ ¶É¾¹»ÄÅΊ«jÉ̵Ļª¬®CËÉ¾Ñ ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
V+7° î ·º ¯ŠÇ ÎÊɾ®Šð °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
V+2° î ·º ¯ŠÇ+þ ÎÊɾ®ð3°° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
V+° ÿ î ·º ¯ŠÇ’ÏëΊɾ®Šð ° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
V+7° î ·º ¯ŠÇ’Ï’Ç?ÎÊɾ®ð° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °
°°
°°
°°
° °
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °
°°
°°
°°
° °
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° ÿŠþ
° ÿŠþ
° ÿ¬ÿ
° aÿ ° aÿ D
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
€„
@
@
D
@
@
@
@
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °
Š g
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
°°
°°
°°
° °
° iþ
° iþ
° iþ
°
°
°
°
°
„ {
k
k@
°
°
° þ þ
° þ þ
g €
g Š
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
° °°
°°
°°
°°
°°
°°
 ‘
g +
° þ
° þ¬þ
° þ¬þ¬þ
° þ¬þ
° þ¬þ ,{ HJ Ø.$:,
’MM“
þ¬°úþ
þ¬7° þ¬2° þ¬° ÿ
Ï É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º(­Šº"¶ÉÁ¤·ŠÄ»º«jɾ«j¶¸·ÒÁª¾½Mµ·Šº5¹»ª ñUº«qóû¹úÁiÄ»®Š÷ºõùi¶"Ä»µº"­
ÀQµ¸É̵jº5·ÂÁÃѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀ° °
XÄź"«É¾«|¶¸·ÂÁ¤½¿ª¾«’µ·Šº5­Šº"¶ÉÁÃÀ@ª¾½Mµ·º üIýQþÿÈɾ®­ +* ýqþJµª µ·Šº5÷¬«|ª¬´Š®Š­
ÀQµ¸É̵jº5·ÂÁÃѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀ° ° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
©(«ÉÌъ·ŠÄŶɾ¹™«|ºÑŠ«|ºÀjº"®Òµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬®-ª¾½Mµ·Šº5«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾ºIñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀ’½¿«jª¬Ë µ¸É¾ÎŠ¹»ºþ¬°úþ¬°[°° °
²-ºÀjª¾®ióûÎÊÉÌ«|Á¬ª¾®¶«|ª¬ÀjÀÀjº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ)Ä»®
É­ÁîÊÉÌËÄ»¶É¾¹™«|ºÀ|ª¬®Êɾ®Š¶"ºË$ªÃ­Šº¹™ªÌ½{µj·Šº
üIýQþÿ ”•E– °Š° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþ ¯Ãð¾º"µj¶¸·<ª¾½Mµ·Šº ɾ¶"¶º"¹Åº«jÉ̵ª¾«’½ ɾ¶Ä»¹ÅÄ»µûÁ¾°Ê°° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°7 X@ɾ¹Å$
¹ V ° ° ° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°2 ¯ÃÄÅ­Šº5¶´iµ|óqÉñÈÉÁCòÃÄź"ñøª¾½Mµ·Šº
Ç UVÈÓ —Bɾ«j÷¬º(Ó@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º Àjѳº¶õµ«|ª¬Ëºõµº"«-° °
i° ÿ (+Äźõñë¹ÅªÃª¬ðÂÄÅ®÷ ­Šªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉ¾Ë/ª¾½Mµ·Šº
Ç UVÈÓ —Bɾ«j÷¬º(Ó@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º
¯Ãѱº"¶"µ«|ª¬Ë$º"µº"«°
°° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°7 î ·&
º X@ɾ¹Å˜¹ V µÉ¾÷¬÷¬Ä»®Š÷À|ÁÃÀ|µjºË-°E°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°2@ UØ®Šº"«j÷¾ÁÀjѳº¶õµ«j´Ë ª¾½Bµ·Šº+ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Âµ’ÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®ŠÀ° î ·ÄÅÀX·ŠÄ»À|µª¾÷¬«É¾Ë ñÈɾÀX´ŠÀ|º­-ɾÀ
µj·Šº5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®-º®Šº"«j÷¾Á¤À|ª¬´Š«|¶º5½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº5ºõò¬º®Òµ@÷¬º®º«É¡µª¬«"°y° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°7D î ·º µÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµ)¶º"¹Å¹™´ŠÀ|º­
ÄÅ®¤µ·Šº©þÓ2ºõùiѳº«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ°° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°2 ¯Ãð¾º"µj¶¸·<ª¾½{ª¬®Šº5ª¾½Mµ·Šº(µj·Š«jº"º ÀQµ¸É¾«Qµ¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«)Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹§É¡µª¬«|ÀÈÀj·ª ñ)Ä»®Š÷ µ·Šº
À|´ŠÑŠÑ³ª¬«|µÀQµ«j´¶"µ´«jºÀ"Ʊ¹»ÄÅ÷¬·ÒµÈ÷¬´ŠÄÅ­ºÀɾ®Š­-ъ·Šª¾µjª¾µ´Î±º"À°C°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°2k ¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶(òiÄ»º"ñlª¾½µj·Šº5ÀjÄ ù¤Àj´Ñ±º"«j¶ª¾®Š­Š´Š¶õµÄÅ®÷µª¾«jª¬Ä»­Êɾ¹8Ëɾ÷¬®º"µÀXÀ|·Šªöñ)ÄÅ®Š÷
µj·Šº ɾъъ«|ªùÄ»ËÉ¡µº(Àj·ŠÉ¾Ñ±º5ª¾½Mµ·º ¶"ª¬ÄŹ»À°à° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþèÏ)ºÑ«jºÀ|º®Òµ¸É¡µÄ»ò¾ºòÃÄźõñøªÌ½ ÑÊɾ«Qµ)ª¾½{«jº÷¾ÄŪ¬'
® Àj·Šªöñ)Ä»®Š÷É µj«É¾¶¸ðCъɾÀjÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷
µj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬·µ·Šº5­Š«|Ä»½¢µX¶¸·ÊÉÌË Î±º"«jÀ"°ƒ°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþ¬þ…¯Ãð¾º"µj¶¸·<ª¾½Mµ·Šº5­Šªöñ)®ŠÀQµ«|ºÉ¾Ë/­ŠºõòÃÄŶº"™À •®Šª¾µ)­«Éñ)®
µjª$À|¶É¾¹»º¾°^° °° ° °° °° °
i°ú
þ è¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·Šº(µ¸ÉÌ÷¬÷¬º«’µj«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º«’ɾ®Š­-«jºÉÌ­Šª¬´µº¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®ŠÄŶ"À° °° °
i°úþ î ·š
º aµª¾µÉ¾¹™¶"«jª¬À|À@À|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®8°<°°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþÿ î ·ºÎŠ«|ºË$ÀjÀQµ«ÉÌ·Š¹Å´Š®÷$À|ѱº"¶"µj«j´Šœ
Ë ›ž›aŸ ɾÀɽ¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ª¾½{µ·Šº5ъ·ŠªÌµª¬®
º"®Šº«|÷¾'
Á Ÿ °@° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°ú
þ è¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·Šº5À|µÉ¾«|µ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«)µj«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º«Èº¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®ŠÄ»¶À"° ° °° °° °
i°úþ @‹¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·Šº(µÄ»Ëºóûª¾½§¡ó wÊÄÅ÷¾·ÂµUъ«|º"µ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¾º«Xº¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®ŠÄŶ"À° ° °° °
i°ú
þ Dè¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·ŠºÇÈÓ(²-ÓÇl¹Åª¬÷¾ÄŶ+½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº
Ç ^Ó(¯Cµ«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º"™« ¢ý Ó RIÄ»Àj¶"«jÄÅË$ÄÅ®ŠÉ̵ª¬«|À)°° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþ ‹¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·ŠºÇÈÓ(²-ÓÇl¹Åª¬÷¾ÄŶ+½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº
Ç ^Ó(¯Cµ«jÄ»÷¬÷¬º"™« ¢ý V
^ª¬÷¾ÄŶ(´Š®ŠÄúµy° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿ
¬þ þ
þ
þ
D
þ
þk
iþ
D
k
þ
¾ÿ
@
D
òiÄ»Ä
i°úþ ‹¯Ã¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶5­ŠÄ§É¾÷¾«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·Šº5­ÊÉÌµÉ É¾¶ï´ŠÄ»ÀjÄ»µjÄŪ¬®¤ÀQÁÃÀ|µº"ËEý ­ŠÄÅɾ÷¬«ÉÌË ¶"ª¬´Š«|µjºÀQÁ
ªÌ£½ c(ª¬®ŠÀQµ¸É¾®ÒµjÄÅW
® Bª¾´Šð¡É¾¶¸·ŠÄÅ®º õ°±°°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
°úþ Uóô¶ª¬´Š®Òµjºv« ¤ î óû¶ª¾´Š®Òµº«¶ª¾ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Š¶ºÌ°?° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
7° ¯Âµ¸É¾«Qµ)¶ª¬´Š®Òµjºv« ¤µ¸É¾÷¾÷¬º«X«|º¹§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºIµÄ»ËÄ»®Š÷Š°$°° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°úþ ¥GɾÀÉ ½¿´Š®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ª¾½{µ·Šº5Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´ŠËS½¿ª¬«’µ·4º dŠ¹»µº"«jº"­-­ŠÉ̵¸ÉÀÉÌËъ¹»º¾°‹° °° °
ÿŠ7° X@ɾ­Š«|ª¬®ŠÄŶ(ËɾÀ|À)½¿ª¾«Xѱª¬À|Ä»µjÄ»ò¬º(ъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»ºÀXÉÌÀ¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µº­¤½¿«|ª¬Ë µj·Šº
µjÄÅË$ºõóôª¾½§<ó wÊÄ»÷¬·Òµ’ÉÌ®Š­-µj·Šº5˪¾Ëº"®Âµj´ŠË-° ° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ2° RIº"ѱº"®Š­Šº"®Š¶º ª¾½µj·Šº5ËÉÌÀjÀ’½¿«jª¾Ë µÄ»Ëºóûª¾½§¡ó wÊÄÅ÷¾·ÂµÈª¬®Ëª¾Ëº"®Âµj´Š¦
Ë ™°°° °° °
ÿŠ° ÿ ¥eò¬º"«jÀj´À+Ë$ª¬Ëº"®Òµ´ŠËS½¿ª¬«XъÄŪ¾®-¶É¾®Š­ŠÄ»­ÊÉ̵jºÀ°Ž°° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ7° ²-ÄÅÀjÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷ ËɾÀjÀ)ª _µ·Šº5ð¡É¾ª¬®¶ÉÌ®Š­ŠÄÅ­ŠÉ̵º"À°°° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ2° @ ÇȪ¾ËÑÊÉÌ«jÄÅÀ|ª¬®Î±ºõµûñȺ"º®
÷¬º®Šº"«É̵jº­
ъ«jÄ»Ëɾ«QÁò¾º«QµÄŶ"ºÀ@ɾ®Š­«jº"¶ª¬®À|µ«|´Š¶"µjº­
ò¾º«QµÄŶ"ºÀ´ŠÀjÄ»®Š÷µ·Šº5ъ«|ª¾µª¾®É¾®­-ð¡É¾ª¾®-µj«É¾¶¸ðÂÀ°[° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ7° D " ò¾º«|µjºõù-­ŠÄ»À|µj«jÄÅΐ´µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ2° ©(«jª¾´Š®Š­ióôÀ|µ¸É¡µº5·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®-ËɾÀ|À)­ŠºÑ³º®Š­º®Š¶"ºª¬®¶ª¾}À §©2¨ ª‚« γº"½¿ª¬«|º5¶ª¬«|«jº¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ
ÉÌ«jº ɾъъ¹»Äź"­™°ë° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ2° k ©(«jª¾´Š®Š­ióôÀ|µ¸É¡µº5·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®-ËɾÀ|À)­ŠºÑ³º®Š­º®Š¶"ºª¬®¶ª¾}À §©2¨ ª‚« É̽¢µjº«X¶"ª¬«j«|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®À
ÉÌ«jº ɾъъ¹»Äź"­™°ë° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°úþ ‹©(«jª¾´Š®Š­ióôÀ|µ¸É¡µº5·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®-ËɾÀ|À)­ŠºÑ³º®Š­º®Š¶"ºª¬W
® ¬G¨ ý¿zÓ Èγº"½¿ª¬«|º5µj·Šrº ¬
­ºÑ³º®Š­Šº"®ÒµI¶ª¾«j«jº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ)ÉÌ«jº ɾъъ¹»Äź"­É¾®Š­Gý V­XÉ̽¢µjº«’µ·º ¶"ª¬«j«|º¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀɾ«jº
ÉÌъъ¹ÅÄ»º­™° ° ° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°úþ¬®
þ {ÄÅ­Š´Š¶"ħɾ¹³ò¬ª¬¹»´ŠË$º¾° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°ú
þ ¯"Ë$ÄÅÀjÄ»­Šº®Òµj†Ä dʶÉ̵Ļª¬®™°(° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°úþ Q ®ÒòÌɾ«|ħɾ®Òµ)ËɾÀjÀ)ª¾½{ъ«jªÌµª¬®ióôъęË$ÄŮ´ŠÀXÑÊÉÌÄÅ«jÀXÄ»®º"ò¬º"®ÒµÀ@µj·ÊÉ̵)¶"ª¬®Òµ¸É¾Ä»®-ð¡É¾ª¾®
¶É¾®Š­ŠÄ»­ÊÉ̵jºÀɾ®Š­-ºõùi¶Äúµº"­ióûÀQµ¸É̵jº ·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ËɾÀjÀ|ºÀ)αºõµûñȺ"º®9þ¾x° öó¸þ¬2° ©5°º ( °°
ÿŠ°úþ±
ÿ ^Äú½¿º"µÄ»Ëº+ª¾½{µj·Šº5ü(ýqþ¬þ¬þ @J½¿ª¬«Xºõùi¶Äúµº"­ióûÀQµ¸É̵jº ·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ŠÀ@Ä»®¤µ·Šº þ¬7° óþ¬7° ©()º ( ËɾÀjÀX«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬®™°$°° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°ú
þ è²-ÄÅÀjÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷ ËɾÀjÀ)À|ïôŠÉ¾«jº"­
½¿«jª¾²
Ë # % Yü ³ ½¿ª¬«X·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®-ËɾÀ|Àjº"À@Ä»®µj·Šº
«jɾ®Š÷¬º þ¬7° óþ¬2° ©5°º ( °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
ÿŠ°úþ @CUùi¶Äúµº"­ióûÀQµ¸É̵jº ·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ËɾÀjÀɾÀ)ɽ¿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®-ªÌ½{µjª¬Ñ±ª¾¹Åª¬÷¾Á¾°° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþ y+ò¾º«j¹ÅɾÑ-ª¾½üIýQþ¬þ¾þ @Èɾ®­ " ýqþ¬þ kõ°8° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i7° % ¶ª¾®ÂµÉ¾Ë$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̵jÄŪ¬®8°S° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i2° "´- = ËɾÀ|À’òil
À #&%)ËɾÀjÀ"° ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i° ÿ
©(º®º«É¡µº­ -ŽËɾÀ|À)­ŠÄÅÀQµ«jĻΊ´µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀU½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº5üIýQþÿ õ°° °° °° ° °° °° °
i7° Y
ü - * ¶«jª¾ÀjÀ)Àjº"¶"µÄ»ª¬®™° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i2° @ +* - * ¶"«jª¬À|ÀÀ|º¶õµÄŪ¾®™° ° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i7° D RIº"ѱº"®Š­Šº"®Š¶º ª¬p
® µÈ½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5.ü - * ¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº¹ °X°° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i2° Y
ü - * ɾ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«Xɾ¶"¶º"ѐµ¸É¾®¶º¾°à° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i2° k "˜- = ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«Xɾ¶"¶ºÑiµ¸É¾®Š¶"º¾°?°°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþ ‚üY- * ɾ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«’­ŠÄ»À|µj«jÄÅΐ´µÄ»ª¬®™° ° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
k
k
ÿa
ÿ@
iþ
Ìÿ
k
@
þ
@
@
¾ÿ
@
@@
@D
@
@k
D
D
Ìÿ
D
D
D D
þ
¾ÿ
òÃÄÅÄ»Ä
i°úþ¬þ " - = ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«’­ŠÄ»À|µ«|ÄÅΊ´iµÄŪ¾®™°^°°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° @
i°úþ
èÇȪ¾ËÑÊÉÌ«jÄÅÀ|ª¬®ª¾½{ÀjÄÅË´Š¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®«jºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀX½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº5¶¸·ÊÉÌ®Š®Šº¹»À *¡ýQþ¶ üY-^*
ÉÌ®Š­
üIýQþÿ £ +* - * °X° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° D
i°úþ èÏ)ºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀ)ª¾½üIýQþÿ £ "G- = ÀjÄÅË´Š¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®8°±° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° °
i°úþÿèÓ@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º ½¿ª¬« * ýQþ £·- * ü‹ºõò¬º®ÒµjÀIɾÀÉ ½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®-ªÌ½{µj·Šº * ýQþ
ËɾÀ|À°° ° ° ° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° k
i°ú
þ Ó@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º ½¿ª¬« * ýQþ £·³ü‹º"ò¬º"®ÒµÀIÉÌÀ)É ½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®ª¾½Mµ·Šº * ýQþ ËɾÀ|À°° ° ° ° ° °° °° ° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° k
i°úþ @‚Ó@¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶º ½¿ª¬«Xü(ýqþÿ £ * - * ºõò¬º®ÒµjÀIɾÀÉ ½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®-ªÌ½{µj·Šº * - * ËɾÀ|À°¸kþ
@°úþ ²-ÄÅÀjÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷ ËɾÀjÀ)À|ïôŠÉ¾«jº"­
½¿«jª¾²
Ë #&%. Yü ³ ½¿ª¬«X·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®-ËɾÀ|Àjº"À@Ä»®µj·Šº
«jɾ®Š÷¬º þ¬2° ¾ÿÌóþ¬° ÿ ©5°º ( °° °° °°5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° k¾ÿ
@7° UØÀQµÄÅËÉ̵jÄŪ¬®¤ª¾A
½ % ¶ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´iµÄŪ¾®Cµª µ·Šzº -^*)ѳºÉ¾ðCÄ»W
® ¹ º J Iý " .ü ³\°G° °° ° kD
@2° ¼ «|º­ŠÄ»¶"µº"­ÑŠ·ª¾µª¬'
® §»E¼‹½Žò¾º«jÀ|´Š¾À ¬M°B°° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °° ° þ @° ÿ
¿j©5ª¬¹»­Šº1
® Àº"ò¬º"®ÒµÀ@½¿ª¾«’ñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·
É$ѐ·Šª¾µª¾®-Ä»ÀXÄÅ­Šº"®Òµ†Ä dŠº­-ÄÅ®¤µ·Šº5¶É¾¹Åª¬«|ÄÅË$º"µjº«° ° þ #(,
Á ‡ÂM
þ¬°úþ ÈÇ ª¾ËÑÊÉÌ«jÄÅÀ|ª¬®ª¾½Mµ·Šº"ª¬«jºõµÄŶɾ¹™ÑŠ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ’½¿ª¾«’µ·Šº5«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾ºIñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀX½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº
µj«É¾®ÀjÄ»µjÄŪ¬®ÀÃ# % üYɾ®Š­'# % µª ºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®Òµ¸É¾¹^«|ºÀj´¹»µÀ"° ° °° °°
i°úþ î ɾ÷¬÷¾º«Xµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«’ÑŠ«|ºÀj¶É¾¹Åº5«jɾ®Š÷¬º"À°’° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °°
°úþ ¯Ç’ÏëÀ|µ¸É¡µ´ŠÀXñUª¬«j­
­Š)º dÊ®Ä»µÄ»ª¬®™° °5° °° ° °° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °°
i°úþ RIº"ѱº"®Š­Šº"®Š¶º ª¾½ØÉ̶¶º"ѐµ¸ÉÌ®Š¶º ª¬®ËªÃ­Šº"¹ÅÀ°+°° °° ° °°5° °° °° ° °° °°
@°úþ Ï)ºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀ)ª¾½{µj·Šº(µ·Š«|ºz
º dŠµjÀ@ª¾Ä½ dÊ÷¬´«jšº @°úþ ­ºÀj¶"«jĻαº"­
Ä»®µj·Šº(µºùiµ°° °° °°
@7° VU«jºÉÌð퐪 ñ)®
ª¾½{À|µ¸É¡µÄÅÀQµÄ»¶À’½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5.
ü ɾ®­-Yü -G¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹ÅÀ°8°° °° ° °° °°
@2° y+ò¾º«É̹ŹBɾ¶"¶ºÑiµ¸É¾®Š¶"ºÀ´ŠÀjº"­Ä»®µj·Šº5¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵Ļª¬®Cª¾½Mµ·º ΐ«É¾®Š¶¸·ÄÅ®Š÷$«É̵jÄŪŠ°°
° þ
°
° ÿa
°
k
°
° þ
k ° þ
þ
fÆÅ
F #(H·Ç
B:C HJ.“'XØ".:
’
@Ó ¹»µ·ª¬´Š÷¬·<µj·Šº ¹ÅªöñȺ"«Qóô¹»ÁÃÄÅ®Š÷ºõùi¶Äúµº­eÀ|µÉ̵º ·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®À ýqþƙü(ýqþÿõÆBɾ®Š­üIýQþ
E
ñUº«|º¤­ŠÄÅÀ|¶ªöò¬º"«jº"­ Ë$ª¬«jºµ·Êɾ®9µj·ŠÄÅ«QµûÁGÁ¾ºÉ¾«|À ɾ÷¬ªŠÆ µj·ŠºÄ»« ï´Êɾ«jðŽÀ|µj«j´Š¶õµ´Š«|ºÀ ·ÊÉò¬ºÑŠ«|ª ò¾º®…µª
γº<º"¹Å´ŠÀ|Ä»ò¬ºÌ° Q ®‹µ·Šº®ª¬®ióûÀQµ«jɾ®Š÷¬ºÀ|º¶"µjª¬«Cµ·º Q Àj÷¬´Š«qó?c5ɾ«|¹I®Šª¬®ióô«jº"¹§É̵jÄ»òÃÄÅÀQµÄŶ-ï´Êɾ«|ð‚Ë$ªi­Šº"¹
ý ­Ï È5É
² š” ™þ –{ñÈɾÀ@«jºËɾ«|ðÌÉÌΊ¹»Á¤À|´Š¶¶"ºÀ|À|½¿´Š¹ØÄ»®
ъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µjÄÅ®Š÷$µ·ŠºËɾÀ|Àjº"À+ª¾½W%Iɾ®Š­ÉÊ7ÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ
ΐ´µ+¹»ºÀ|À+Àj´¶¶º"ÀjÀQ½¿´Š¹ ÄÅ®-µ·ŠºÀ|µj«É¾®Š÷¾ºÀjº"¶"µjª¬«° î ·Šº¹»ªöñȺ"À|µ(¹úÁiÄ»®Š÷ JF = À|µÉ̵º ñ’ÉÌÀIъ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµº"­µª
γº ËɾÀjÀqóû­Šº"÷¬º®º«É¡µºñ)Ä»µj·<µ·Šº HJ = À|µÉ̵ºÌÆBÄÅ®­ŠÄ»«jº¶õµ(¶ª¾®Âµj«É¾­ÄŶ"µjÄŪ¬®<ñ)Äúµ·ºùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ ¢@µ·Šº
F = À|µÉ̵ºÌƱĻ­Šº®ÒµˆÄ dʺ­-ñ)Ä»µj·
µ·ºüIýQþÿ õƕɾ®­µ·Šº H = ÀQµ¸É̵jº¾Æ³ÄÅ­Šº"®Òµ†Ä dŠº­
ñ)Äúµ·-µ·Šºü(ýQþ Æ
J­†Ä _±º« ÄÅ® ËɾÀ|ÀÎÒÁ ɾ㪬´µ
þ¬þ 9²-)º ( ° (aɾ«|ÄŪ¬´ŠÀ$ÎÊɾJ ÷ŽËªÃ­Šº"&¹ ”•Ã.Æ ÆJÿ –¶É̹Ŷ´¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®ŠÀ ª¾½+µ·Šº
F = À|µÉ̵º·ÊÉò¬º¹»º­-µ·Šº"ª¬«jÄ»À|µÀ)µª¶ª¬®¶¹Å´­Šºµj·ÊÉ̵µ·Šº ü(ýqþÿ ÈñÈÉò¬º½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®ËÉÁ¶ª¬®ÒµÉ¾ÄÅ®
JÀ|ª¬Ë$º ɾ­ŠË$Äúùõ´Š«|ºª¾
½ Ë ; ˤÀQµ«j´¶"µ´«jºÉ¾¹Åª¬®÷ñ)Äúµ·µ·ºÀQµ¸É¾®Š­ŠÉ¾«j\
­ Ë H ÎÊɾ«QÁ¬ª¬®ÄŶ À|µj«j´Š¶õµ´Š«|º¾° Q ®
µj·Šº5ºõùõ«|ºË$º5¶É¾À|º¾ÆŠµ·º üIýQþÿ ÈËÉöÁαº É [αª¾´Š®Š­-À|µ¸É¡µº ɾ®Š­-®Šª¾µ`É Ë H ÀQµ«j´¶"µ´«jº¾°
²
ºÉ¾Àj´«jÄÅ®÷Iµ·ŠºX«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º’­Šº"¶ÉÁÃÀaªÌ½³µj·ŠºÀ|º)·ÂÁÃѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀJъ«jªöòÃÄÅ­ºÀJÉIË$ºÉ¾®ŠÀت̽±­ÄÅÀj¶"«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵|ó
Ä»®Š÷ αºõµûñȺ"º®µj·Šº5ò¾ÉÌ«jÄŪ¾´ŠÀ)˪튺¹»À° î ·Šº «É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º(ñ)ÄÅ­iµ·ŠÀ@ɾ«jº5À|º®ŠÀ|Ä»µÄúò¬º5µª µ·Šº ÑÊɾ«QµÄ»¶´Š¹Åɾ«
·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ñ’Éò¾ºõóô½¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ+ъ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµº­ÎÒÁµ·º ˪튺"¹ÅÀB° y+µj·Šº«@ª¬ÎŠÀjº"«|òÌɾΊ¹»ºÀIÀ|´Š¶¸·É¾Àµ·Šº·ÂÁÒó
ѳº«|ª¬®9ËɾÀjÀ|ºÀɾ«jºC¹»ºÀ|ÀÀjº"®ŠÀjÄúµÄúò¬º ¢ Ë$ª¬À|µËªÃ­Šº"¹ÅÀ5÷¬º"µµ·ŠºËɾÀ|Àª¾½Xµj·Šº ýqþ 5Ë$ª¬«jºª¬«
¹»ºÀ|À¶"ª¬«j«|º¶"µÆ’½¿ª¬«$ºõùÉ¾Ë$ъ¹ÅºÌ° î ·ŠºÑŠ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ$ª¾½Iµj·Šºò¾ÉÌ«jÄŪ¾´ŠÀË$ªÃ­Šº¹»À ½¿ª¾«$µj·Šº«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º
ñ)Ä»­µ·À@¶É¾®òÌɾ«|ÁÎÒÁ½ ɾ¶õµª¬«|À@ª¾½ $´ŠÑµjªCɾ®
ª¬«j­º«ª¾½ØËɾ÷¬®ŠÄúµ´Š­Šºý¿Àjºº µ¸É¾Î¹Åº$þ¬°»þ õƕËÉÌðÃÄ»®Š÷
Äúµ5ºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®Òµ¸É¾¹»¹»Á<µj«É¾¶õµ¸É¾ÎŠ¹»ºµª«|´Š¹Åº ª¬´iµ¶"º«|µÉ¾ÄÅ®eË$ªi­Šº"¹ÅÀ"° RIºÀ|ъĻµjº$µj·ŠÄÅÀ5Àjº"®ŠÀjÄúµÄúòiÄúµûÁ¬Æ{«jº¹ ó
É¡µÄ»ò¾º¹úÁ
½¿ºõñ Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"˺"®ÂµjÀ5ª¾½È®º´µj«É¾¹ ·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®Ž«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º ­Šº"¶ÉÁÃÀ·ÊÉò¬º γºº"®ŽÑ³º«Q½¿ª¬«jË$º­
ÉÌ®Š­µ·Šº)ºõùiѳº«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ¸É¾¹«jºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀaɾ«jºXº"Ä»µ·º«J¶ª¬®Òµj«É¾­ŠÄ»¶"µjª¬«|Áª¬«Ø˪튺"¹úóû­ºÑ³º®Š­Šº"®Òµ° î ·Šº)­Šº"¶ÉÁ
+* ýQþ P ³üIýQþ¬þ¬þ @·ÊɾÀ ®Šºõò¬º"«Î³ºº"® ª¬ÎÀjº«Qò¬º"­àý ºù¶"ºÑµ$½¿ª¬«ª¬®º-¶"ª¬´Š®Òµ«jºÑ³ª¬«Qµº­ ÎÒÁ
²-ºÄÅÀ|®Šºr« ”•Ì–ÍõƊºõò¬º®
µ·Šª¬´÷¬·Ä»µÀX«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º(Ί«jɾ®Š¶¸·ŠÄ»®Š÷ «É̵jÄŪÄÅÀXºùiѱº"¶"µº"­µª γrº þ C°
Ó@À-À|·Šªöñ)®ëÄű
® dÊ÷¾´Š«jº…þ¬°úþ¬Æ+µj·Šº­Šº¶ÉöÁ?·ŠÄ»º«jɾ«j¶¸·ÒÁ‹½¿ª¬«Cµj·ŠºŽ¹»ªöñȺ"«Qóû¹úÁÃÄÅ®Š÷3ºù¶"Ä»µjº­øÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ
Ä»ÀﴊÄúµº¶"ª¬Ë$ъ¹ÅÄ»¶É̵jº$­ Ø·ŠªöñUº"ò¾º«ÆJµ·ºC«É¾­Ä§É̵jÄ»ò¬º$ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀ½¿ª¬« µ«jɾ®ŠÀjÄúµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ αºõµûñȺ"º® ºõùi¶Äúµº­
ÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ)ɾ«|ºIъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µº"­¤µªÎ³ºIÀjËɾ¹Å¹ ° Q ®Cµj·ŠÄÅÀȵj·ŠºÀ|ÄÅÀ Q ñ)ÄŹ»¹±Î³ºI½¿ªÃ¶´ŠÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷ ª¾®Cµ·Šº(­Šº"¶ÉÁÃÀ)ª¾½Bµ·Šº
üIýQþÿ õÆiü(ýq
þ Ɗɾ®­ ýqþ Uµjªµ·Šº5÷¬«|ª¬´Š®Š­ióôÀ|µÉ̵º5¾ü ¢
# %BΠϱü
ýQþ¬°ú
þ î ·«jª¬´Š÷¾·Šª¬´µaµ·ŠÄ»ÀU­ªi¶"´ŠËº"®ÒµUµj·Šº@ÀQÁÃË Î±ª¾˜¹ # % ñ)ÄŹ»¹Êαº´ŠÀ|º­µjª­Šº"®Šª¾µº@´Š®ŠÀ|ѱº"¶†Ä dŠº­Cºù¶"Ä»µjº­ió
ÀQµ¸É̵jº(·ÒÁiѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀ"°
î ·Šº ­Šª¾ËÄ»®Êɾ®Òµ(­Šº"¶ÉÁ˪튺"À(ª¾½Uµj·Šº ¹ÅªöñUº«Qóô¹»ÁÃÄÅ®÷¤ºõùi¶Äúµº­eÀ|µÉ̵º ·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®Àɾ«|ºÀ|µj«jª¬®Š÷
­º¶ÉÁÃÀ° î ·Šº5𮊪öñ)®­Šº"¶ÉÁ¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº¹»À½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº ýQþ õƐü(ýQþÿ Ɗɾ®Š­-ü(ýq
þ Èɾ«jº
üIýQþÿ Î - Iý ЇÑÓÒyþ _
3/2 Λ(1520)
_
K p threshold = 1432 MeV
Λ(1405)
_
1/2
0
Σ (1385)
0
Σ (1193)
+
1/2
+
3/2
+
1/2
Λ(1116)
Ï É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º(­Šº"¶ÉÁ·ŠÄź"«É¾«|¶¸·ÒÁ¤ª¾½Mµ·Šº5¹ÅªöñUº«qóû¹»ÁÃÄ»®Š÷ºõùi¶Äúµº"­
ÀQµ¸É̵jº
·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®ŠÀ"° î ·º­ÊÉÌÀj·Šº"­
¹»ÄÅ®Šº"ÀXÄÅ®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jºIµ«jɾ®ŠÀjÄúµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀȵj·ÊÉ̵ɾ«|º5½¿ª¾«jΊĻ­Š­Šº®ª¬«’ò¾º«QÁ
«jɾ«jº5Ä»®-Ë$ª¬ÀQµ)˪튺¹»À° î ·ºeޘߎÉÌÀjÀjÄ»÷¬®ŠË$º®ÒµÀX½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5À|µÉ̵º"À@ÉÌ«jº5ª¬®¤µ·Šº5ª¬´iµº«
㪬´Š®­Êɾ«jÄ»ºÀXª¾½Mµ·º ­Ä§É¾÷¬«jɾË-°
Ô­Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
ÚÜÛtÝIÛ
üY- ýЇÑáàâB3Ce
Î
- Iý ЇÑÓà þ ­3±
üIýQþ
E Î Iý ЇÑáàlaÿ Î
ÿ - Iý ЇÑÓà?a
Î
üY-$- ý Ð&Ñâà~þ Î
-$- ý ЇÑâàâ102k
Î
üY Iý ЇÑÓàã102°0
{ÄÅ÷¬´Š«|º¤þ¬°7À|·Šªöñ)Àµ·Šº$­Šº"¶ÉÁe·ŠÄź"«É¾«|¶¸·ÂÁ½¿ª¾«5µj·Šº$À|µ«|ª¬®Š÷
­Šº¶ÉöÁÃÀª¾½’µ·ººù¶"Ä»µjº­ióôÀ|µ¸É¡µº$·ÂÁÒó
ѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀɾ®Š­¤µj·Šº5Àj´ŠÎŠÀ|ºï´Šº"®Âµ+ñȺɾ𤭊º¶ÉÁiÀª¾½Mµ·Šº5÷¬«|ª¬´Š®Š­-À|µÉ̵º5·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®À°
î ·Šº òÌɾ«|ÄŪ¬´À+¶ª¾Ëѳº"µjÄÅ®Š÷CË$ªÃ­Šº¹»ÀIɾ®Š­µj·ŠºÄ»«+ъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ+½¿ª¾«I«É¾­Ä§É̵jÄ»ò¬º ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀ+ñ)Ä»¹Å¹Mαº
­ÄÅÀj¶"´ŠÀjÀ|º­‹Ä»®‚Ë$ª¬«jº­Šºõµ¸É¾Ä»¹Ä»®‚À|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®øþ¬°»þ¾°?Ó@¹Å¹)ª¾µj·Šº«ÎŠ«É¾®¶¸·ŠÄÅ®Š÷Ž«É̵jÄŪ¬À$ﴊª¾µjº­èÄ»® µ·ÄÅÀ
­ªi¶"´ŠËº"®ÒµIɾ«|º ½¿«|ª¬Ëä”å@̖ ° ¼ «|º"òÃÄŪ¾´ŠÀ+ºùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ¸É̹M«|ºÀ|´Š¹»µñ)ÄŹ»¹^αº «jºõòiÄ»º"ñUº­<Ä»®À|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®Žþ¬7° i°
{ÄÅ®Êɾ¹»¹»Á¾Æµj·Šº5­Šº"µÉ¾ÄŹ»ÀXª¾½Mµ·Šº5ъ«|ºÀjº"®Òµ+ºùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ)ñ)ÄŹ»¹8γº ѐ«jºÀ|º®Òµº"­<ÄÅ®À|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®þ¬2° °
ýQþ
Î
Z YqBRa`tq™‰ÊOqˆ^\J_RÄç+qB`‹ç@O‚q^~
9
¯iÄ»®Š¶ºUɾ¹»¹ÃΊɾ«|Á¾ª¬®ŠÀ ÉÌ®Š­Ë$ºÀ|ª¬®ŠÀ ÉÌ«jºÈ¶"ª¬¹Åª¾«MÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹Åº"µjÀÆÌɾ®ÒÁ ˪튺¹Âª¾½ÊÉ@·Êɾ­«jª¬®Ë ´ŠÀ|µº®ŠÀ|´Š«jº
µj·ÊÉ̵a®Šª ½¿«jºº@ï´Êɾ«jðÂÀUª¬«U÷¾¹Å´Šª¬®ÀaºùiÄÅÀ|µUª¬´µjÀjÄ»­Šºµj·Šº+·ŠÉ¾­Š«jª¾®™° î ·ŠºµûñȪ ¶"¹§É¾À|Àjº"ÀȪ¾½8˪튺¹Êµj·ÊÉ̵
Q ñ)Ä»¹Å¹J­ŠÄ»Àj¶´ÀjÀÄÅ®GÀjª¬Ë$º­Šºõµ¸É¾Ä»¹ÈÉÌ«jºC¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|µjÄ»µj´Šº®Òµï´Êɾ«|ðGË$ªi­º¹ÅÀ5µ·ŠÉ̵ º"Ëъ¹»ªöÁGÉ<¶"ª¬®1dÊ®ÄÅ®Š÷
ѳª¾µjº®ÒµÄÅɾ¹Bɾ®Š­
ÎÊɾ÷Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹»À)µj·ÊÉ̵¶ª¾1® dÊ®Šº µ·ŠºïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀIÉÌ®Š­÷¬¹»´Šª¬®ŠÀ)ñ)Ä»µj·ŠÄÅ®
É ¶ÉòÃÄ»µûÁ-𮊪öñ)®
ÉÌÀ)è
É ¿|Ίɾ÷ ÀŠ°
Ï È5É
² !” ™þ – Æص·Šº¤¶"ª¬1® dÊ®ÄÅ®Š÷<½¿ª¬«|¶º
Q ®3µ·º Q Àj÷¬´Š«q?ó c5ɾ«|¹È®Šª¬®Ãóû«jº"¹§É̵jÄ»òÃÄÅÀQµÄ»¶$ï´ÊÉÌ«jð9Ë$ªi­º¹(ý ­
ºùiѱº"«jÄź"®Š¶º"­èÎÒÁ…µ·Šº-ï´Êɾ«jðÂÀÄÅÀ$¹ÅÄÅ®ºÉ¾«Ä»® µj·ŠºÀ|ºÑÊɾ«jÉ̵Ļª¬® ­ŠÄÅÀQµ¸É¾®Š¶"º¾°?ÇȪ¬®Àjºï´Šº"®Òµ¹»Á¾ÆXµ·Šº
…"º«|ª¾µ·ióôª¬«j­º«{ñÈÉò¬ºóô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀØɾ«|ºUµj·Šª¬ÀjºUª¾½•ÀjÄ»Ëѐ¹ÅºJ·Êɾ«|˪¬®ÄŶJª¬Àj¶"ÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ"°¯ÃÄÅ®Š¶"ºUµ·ºÈï´Êɾ«|ðÃÀ
¶É¾«j«QÁ¤ÀjѐÄÅ®™Æµj·Šº"Á¶É¾®-ɾ¹ÅÀ|ª ÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµXñ)Ä»µ·-ºÉ̶¸·
ª¾µj·Šº«XòÃÄ§É µj·Šº5·ÂÁÃѳº‚« dÊ®Šº ÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµÄŪ¾®
ò Eþ ý $ô ô
ïSð
H ™ý õ ô Eö ô ö ô
ýQþ¬7° éWìêåë íî à
ö ê}÷Gõ ù êåë ö ë.÷Gõ ù êúë Î ö ô ê´÷ ö ô ë ¡ûlü
å
ê
ë
}
ê
÷
¶
ë
ø
ñ ñ
Wó
H
õ
ê ë
êåë
ñ)·º«j,
º õ ô êåë Ä»À)µj·Šº ÀjºÑŠÉ¾«É̵jÄŪ¬®-γº"µûñUºº®ï´ÊÉÌ«jð¾À ýUɾ®Š!­ þ•}Æ ñ ê ÄÅÀ)µ·Šº ËɾÀjÀª¾½ ï´ÊÉÌ«jp
ð ýÈÉÌ®ŠC
­ öô
Ä»À(µ·ŠºÀjъĻ®9ª¾½Xï´Êɾ«|/
ð ýj'
° ïSð<Ä»À µj«jºÉ̵º"­3ɾÀ½¿«|ººÑÊɾ«ÉÌ˺õµº«"° î ·ŠºC·ÒÁÃѱº"« dÊ®ºCÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ ê
É̶¶ª¾´Š®Òµa½¿ª¾«µ·Šº)ËɾÀjÀØÀ|ъ¹ÅÄúµjµjÄÅ®Š÷¬À"° Q À|÷¬´Š«aɾ®ŠP­ c5ɾ«j¹ÄÅ÷¬®Šª¾«jº’À|ъÄÅ®ióôª¬«jΐĻµØ¶"ª¬´ŠÑŠ¹»ÄÅ®Š÷ŠÆÌñ)·ŠÄŶ¸· µ·ŠºõÁ
¶"¹§É¾Ä»Ë À|·Šª¬´Š¹»­Î±º5ÀjËɾ¹»¹ç°
î ·Šº5Ë$ªi­º¹™÷¬Äúò¬º"À)µj·Šº(½¿ª¬¹Å¹»ªöñ)ÄÅ®Š÷ñÈÉò¬ºóô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®Š&À ”2D̖^½¿ª¾«’µ·Šº5·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®Š)À ¢
ÿÿ üIý F " 4àè607k ÿÿ ü J ð Î 607 ÿÿÿ ü Jð Î 60x ÿÿÿ ü J
Î 102 ÿÿÿ ü F J
+üýQþ¬2° ÿ J
ÿ
ÿÿ ý F " àT607kD ÿÿ J ð Î 10úþ ÿÿ J ð Î 60»þ @ ÿÿ J Î 102 ÿÿ ÿ
J ýQü þ¬° a
ÿ J
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ F*
ÿÿ ý H " à ÿÿ ; ð ü
ýQþ¬7° ÿ J
ÿ F*
ÿÿ üIý F = àè607k ÿÿ ü J 10 ÿ ÿÿ ü J Î 102@ ÿÿÿ ü ; ü
ýQþ¬2° @
ø
ÿ J
ÿ F
ÿ
ÿÿ üIý H = àè607kþ ÿÿ ü J 10 ÿ ÿÿ ü J ø 107iþ ÿÿÿ ü ; ü
ýQþ¬7° D
ø
ÿ
ÿ F
ÿ
gYæ‚g
J
ÿ
A)
Λ(1405)
B)
Λ(1405)
Σ(1385)
π0
Σ(1385)
π0
(88%)
(33%)
−
π
(33%)
−
π
(6%)
Σ 0(1193)
γ (100%)
Λ(1116)
π
−
Σ
Λ(1116)
(64%)
π+
(48%)
π
0
+
(1189)
(52%)
n(940)
p (938)
p (938)
C)
Λ(1405)
Σ(1385)
π+
(33%)
π+
(6%)
Σ (1197)
Λ(1116)
π (99.8%)
n(940)
p (938)
X@Ä»º«ÉÌ«j¶¸·ÒÁC½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5­Šº¶ÉöÁÃÀª¾½Mµ·Šº5ü(ýqþÿ ’ɾ®Š­ +* ýQþ Uµªµj·Šº
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙ
ÚÜÛtÝ
¾÷ «jª¬´Š®­-ÀQµ¸É̵jº5·ÂÁÃѳº«|ª¬®ŠÀ°UÓzRIº"¶ÉÁ¤¶¸·ÊɾĻ®
Ä»®Òò¬ª¬¹úòiÄ»®Š÷ +* ýQþ¾þk°¶V­­RIº¶ÉöÁC¶¸·ÊɾÄÅ®
ÄÅ®Òò¾ª¬¹»òÃÄÅ®÷ "JýQþ¬þkõ°JÇ­­RIº"¶ÉÁ¤¶¸·ÊɾĻ®
Ä»®Òò¬ª¬¹úòiÄ»®Š÷ = ýqþ¬þkD°ØÓ+«|«jªöñ)À)ÄÅ®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jÄÅ®Š÷
µj«É¾®ÀjÄ»µjÄŪ¬®ÀÈɾ«|ºI¹§ÉÌαº"¹Åº­ÎÂÁµ·Šº(®ª¬®ióûΊɾ«|Á¾ª¬®ŠÄŶ+­Šº¶ÉöÁÑÊɾ«QµÄŶ"¹Åº+ɾ®Š­Cµ·ºIъ«jª¾ÎÊɾΊĻ¹ÅÄ»µûÁ
½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5­Šº¶ÉÁ¤µª$ªi¶"¶´Š«XÄ»®-ъɾ«jº"®Âµj·ŠºÀ|ÄÅÀ"°
´ÀjÄÅ®÷µ·Šº(®ª¾µ¸É̵jÄŪ¬® ÿÿÿ ³ J "GFÃÆiñ)·Šº"«jºr¹ ÄÅÀȵj·Šº5¯ýÈË´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»º"µÆtÞÄ»Àȵ·ºIµª¾µÉ¾¹8À|ъÄÅ®
ªÌ½ µ·Šº·Êɾ­Š«|ª¬®™Æ Ä»À@µj·Šºª¬«|ΊĻµÉ¾¹Mɾ®Š÷¬´¹§É¾«˪¾Ëº"®Âµj´ŠË-ƱÉÌ®Š­É9Ä»À@µ·º¯ý@)ѱº"«jË ´µÉ̵Ļª¬®
ÀQÁÃËË$º"µj«|Á¬° î ·Šº 𠮊ª¾µÉ̵Ļª¬®Ä»®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jºÀ{É+À|ÁÃË$˺õµ«jÄ»¶ÈÀ|ÑÊÉ̵ÄÅɾ¹Òñ’Éò¾ºõóô½¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®­ŠÄ»À|µjÄÅ®Š¶õµ½¿«jª¾Ë
µj·Šº ðñ’Éò¬º½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®™° Q Àj÷¬´«5ɾ®Š/
­ c5ɾ«jĹ dÊ®Š­µ·ŠÉ̵Iµ·º ÿÿÿ ü(ý F = ɾ®Š­ ÿÿÿ ü(ý H = À|µÉ̵º"À5ɾ«jº
J
J
­º÷¬º"®Šº«jÉ̵º5ÄÅ®ËɾÀjÀý¿Î±ª¾µj·þÿ k ²
°º (4š” )þ –ç°
R(ɾ«|º"ñXÁö¸·™´
Æ X@ª¾«jÎÊÉ̵jÀj¶¸·™Æ•ÉÌ®Š,
­ c(ª¬®ÄÅ´ŠÉ
𠔕E–™¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵º"­µj·Šº5«É¾­Ä§É̵jÄ»ò¬º@ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀɾ®Š­
ɾËѐ¹ÅÄúó
µj´Š­Šº"ÀUñ)Ä»µj·ŠÄÅ®µj·Šº@½¿«jɾ˺õñȪ¾«j𪾽±µ·ŠÄ»ÀUË$ªi­º¹ç° î ·Šº"ÁɾÀ|Àj´ŠË$º­µ·ÊÉ̵Jµj·Šº+ъ·ª¾µª¬®ÄÅÀJ«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jº­
µj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬· µ·Šº@­Šºõóôºõùi¶Äúµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬®$ª¾½BÉ5ÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹Åº)ï´Êɾ«|ð•° î ·Šº"Áɾъъ«|ªùÄ»ËÉ¡µº­ µ·º+÷¬«|ª¬´Š®Š­À|µ¸É¡µº·ÂÁÒó
ѳº«|ª¬®ñ’Éò¬ºóô½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ ÿÿÿ ü(ý F " ɾ®Š­ ÿÿÿ ý F " ÎÒÁµ·Šº"ÄÅ«)­Šª¬Ë$ÄÅ®ÊÉ¡µº(¶ª¾Ëѳª¬®Šº"®ÂµjÀ ý ü J ð
Ä»®Î³ª¾µ·¤¶É¾Àjº"vÀ .° c5É¡ùiÄ»«É¾À J "!$#^”•kE–™É¾¹ÅÀ|ª¶É¾J ¹Å¶"´Š¹§É̵jº­µj·ŠºI«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºñ)Ä»­µ·À’´ŠÀjÄ»®Š÷µj·Šº Q Àj÷¾´Š«Qó
c5ɾ«|¹ ñ’Éò¾ºõóô½¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀºõùiъ«jº"ÀjÀ|º­…ÄÅ®eµûñȪ<ΊɾÀjº"™À ¢$
¯ ý @ÆÄÅ®eñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·eµ·Šºï´Êɾ«jðËɾÀjÀ|ºÀɾ«jº
º"ï´Êɾ¹çÆɾ®Š&
­ %G› ö ÆMÄÅ®Žñ)·ÄŶ¸·Gµj·Šº$ñÈÉò¬ºóô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®3ÄÅÀ À|ÁÃË$˺õµ«j†Ä …º"­Žñ)Ä»µj·G«|ºÀjѳº¶õµµjª
µ·ººõùÂó
¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š÷¬º ªÌ½ %eɾ®T
­ ›¤ï´Êɾ«|ðÂÀÉÌ®Š­<µ·ŠºÀ|µ«jɾ®Š÷¬ºï´ÊÉÌ«jð ö Ä»À(ɾ¹Å¹»ªöñȺ"­µª¤·ÊÉò¾ºËɾÀ|ÀI­ŠˆÄ _8º"«jº®Òµ
½¿«|ª¬Ë µj·Šº %<ɾ®,
­ ›$ïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀ°
Á ”•k̖
Q ®µ·Šº5®Šª¾®ióû«|º¹§É¡µÄ»òÃÄ»À|µÄ»¶+¹»ÄÅË$Ä»µaµ·Šº5«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾º+ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ÄÅÀ)÷¬Ä»ò¾º®ÎÒT
;2
; J ü
ýQþ¬2° ' àÓÌ-)(*
1 J3-025/ 4$6 J+ "GF87 +:9
+9
(,+.
ô K ô % ý I ô B M = êON Q F ü
àA@ J32 B,C @ ÎEDGF ô H ô % ý I ô ý DJF ö ô IL
ýQþ¬2° k
é
H
N
ê=<?>
+
ë
÷
ø
Y
ë
÷
9
9
( F
( F
-P
/
ñ)·º«jº M ë ÄÅÀUµ·ŠºI¶¸·ŠÉ¾«j÷¬ºÌ‹Æ ñ - ë Ä»ÀUµj·Šº(ËÉÌÀjÀ¶Æ ö ô ë ÄÅÀaµ·Šº+ÀjъĻ®™ÆÊɾ®Š±
­ ô ë Ä»Àȵ·Šº+˪¬Ë$º®Òµj´ŠË ªÌ½^µ·Šº
ô
þ¬µj·eï´ÊÉÌ«jðɾ®Š­ñ)·Šº"«j
º H ô 9 % ý I IÄÅÀIµj·Šº$ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®ŽÑ³ª¬¹Åɾ«j†Ä …É̵jÄŪ¬®-ò¬º¶õµª¬«"Æ I ô à I R ù Ä»ÀIµ·Šº ъ·ª¾µª¬®
Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë
Æ SÄ»ÀJµj·Šº·Šº¹»ÄŶÄúµûÁª¾½±µ·Šºъ·Šª¾µjª¬®™Æiɾ®Š!­ ¹ ê Ä»Àص·ŠBº …õóô¶ª¬Ë$ѱª¾®Šº®Òµaª¾½™µj·Šº+ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«
Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë ª¾½ µj·Šº­º¶ÉÁÃÄÅ®÷CÎÊɾ«QÁ¬ª¬®™T° ; +:9 ÄÅÀ)µ·ºËÉ̵«|Äúùº"¹Åº"˺"®Âµ@ª¾½ é êU<V> γº"µûñUºº"®<µ·Šº
Ä»®ŠÄ»µjħɾ¹³É¾®'
­ dÊ®ŠÉ¾¹^À|µÉ̵º"À°
ÐGɾ«j®ÀÆ ¼ ½¿º"ÄŹ Æ É¾®Š­ Ϫ¾¹Å¹Å®ÄÅrð ” þ E–Ò¶É̹Ŷ´¹§É̵jº­(µ·ŠºØ«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º µ«jɾ®ŠÀ|Ä»µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ8ñ)Äúµ·ŠÄ»®Iµ·ŠºØ½¿«jɾ˺ó
ñUª¬«|𪾽±É(«jº"¹§É̵jÄ»òÃÄ …"º­ ¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|µjÄ»µj´Šº®Òµaï´Êɾ«jð˪튺"¹Býç­Ç È5É
² ° Q ®µ·ŠÄ»À ˪튺"¹µ·ŠºX·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®¶"ª¬®ió
À|ÄÅÀQµÀª¾½ µ·«jººÑ±ª¬Ä»®Òµ|óû¹»ÄÅð̺(Ί´µIËɾÀ|ÀjÄ»ò¾ºï´ÊÉÌ«jðÂÀ° î ·Šºº"¹Åº¶õµ«|ª¬ËÉÌ÷¬®Šº"µjÄŚ¶ X+ÉÌËÄ»¹»µª¾®ŠÄ§É¾X® WLY ¶"ª¬®Òµ¸É¾Ä»®ŠÀ’µ·º(®Šª¬®ióô«jº¹ÅÉ̵ÄúòÃÄÅÀ|µjÄž¶ X+ɾË$ÄŹúµª¬®ŠÄÅɾ®ý ¶¾° ½q°Jºï´ÊÉ̵jÄŪ¬®þ¬2° kȶ"ª¬«j«|º¶"µjº­-´ŠÑµXª Zýq
þ ž"[ H ÉÌ®Š­·ÊɾÀXµ·Šº5ÀQµ«j´¶"µ´«jº
þ ü ýqþ¬°úþ WLY à é ð]
Zcb
é ð_1 J^\ 4
é ð]1 H \ 4
é ` 1 J^4
é `1 H 4
é a 1 J^ 4
é a1 H 4
< \Q
ø
ø
ø
ø
ø
ø
ø
[ ;ed
ñ)·º«jº é ð]< \Q Ä»ÀMµj·ŠºÈ®ª¬®ióû«|º¹ÅÉ̵ÄúòiÄ»À|µjÄŶ ¶"ª¬®Òµ«jĻΊ´µjÄŪ¬®­Š´ŠºUµjª@µj·ŠºÈ¶"ª¬´ŠÑŠ¹»ÄÅ®Š÷αºõµûñȺ"º®µ·ºUъ·ª¾µª¬®
dŠº¹Å­Gɾ®Š­3É-ÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹Åº$ï´Êɾ«|ðèý¿Àj´ŠË$˺"­Gªöò¬º"«µ·ºµ·«jººïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀ Ä»®Žµ·ºÑŠ«|ª¬ÎŠ¹Åº"Ë Æ é ð_1 J^\ 4 ɾ®Š­
é ð_1 H \ 4 ɾ«|º
À|º¶"ª¬®Š­ió$ÉÌ®Š­ µj·ŠÄÅ«|­ióûª¬«|­Šº«$¶ª¾«j«jº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀý Ä»®ø
þ ž][™ µªeµ·Šº
®Šª¬®ióô«jº¹ÅÉ̵ÄúòÃÄÅÀ|µjÄŶ¤À|ÄÅ®Š÷¬¹»º
ï´ÊÉÌ«jC
ð X@ɾË$ÄŹ»µjª¬®ŠÄÅɾ®™Æ é ` 1 J^4 ɾ®Š­ é ` 1 H 4 ɾ«|ºÀjº"¶ª¬®Š­Ãóɾ®Š­èµ·ÄÅ«j­Ãóûª¬«|­Šº«C¶"ª¬«j«|º¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀ¤É¾«|ÄÅÀjÄ»®Š÷
½¿«|ª¬Ëµj·Šº ÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµÄ»ª¬®Ñ±ªÌµº®Òµjħɾ¹ γº"µûñUºº"®Gµ·º$ï´ÊÉÌ«jðÂÀÆ{ɾ®Š­ é a 1 J^ 4 ÉÌ®Š­ é a 1 H 4 ɾ«|º$À|º¶"ª¬®Š­ió
ÉÌ®Š­µj·ŠÄÅ«|­ióûª¬«|­Šº«J¶"ª¬«j«|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®ÀÈɾ«|ÄÅÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷(½¿«jª¾Ë µ·Šº@¶º®Òµjº«Qóôª¾½§óûËɾÀ|ÀUË$ª¾µÄ»ª¬® ª¾½8µj·Šº@µj·Š«jº"º+ï´Êɾ«|ð
ÀQÁÃÀ|µº"Ë
°
ÐGɾ«j®fÀ g"!$#M´Àjº­eµ·Šº Q Àj÷¾´Š«Q:ó c ÉÌ«j¹ñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀ¤ý¿ºï´ÊÉ̵jÄŪ¬®ŠÀ þ¬2° ¡óþ¬x° Dõ° î ·Šhº %9ɾ®Š­
›ŽïôŠÉ¾«jð…ËɾÀjÀ|ºÀ ñȺ"«jºµÉ¾ð¾º"® µªŽÎ±W
º Ž²
°º (ºÉ̶¸·èɾ®Š­ µ·Šº
À|µj«É¾®Š÷¾º
ï´Êɾ«|ð…ËɾÀ|À$ñÈɾÀ
@
²
º°( ° î ·Šº¤·ŠÉ¾«jË$ª¬®ŠÄ»¶ª¬À|¶ÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«5À|µj«jº®÷¾µ· ï8i$ñÈɾÀ°2©(º)( ° î ·Šº¤«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾ºñ)ÄÅ­iµ·ŠÀ
ÉÌ«jº¤¶ª¾Ëъ´iµº­…½¿«jª¾ËEµ·º-ËÉ̵j«jÄúùGº¹»ºË$º®ÒµÀ ª¾½jWLY ´ŠÀjÄ»®Š÷eºï´ÊÉ̵jÄŪ¬® þ¬°2° î ·ŠºõÁ…ª¬Îµ¸ÉÌÄÅ®
¹Åɾ«j÷¾º«C«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºñ)ÄÅ­iµ·ŠÀCµj·Êɾ® µ·Šº"ÄÅ«C®Šª¾®ióû«|º¹§É¡µÄ»òÃƅº­‹Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹Iѐ«jº­ÄŶ"µjÀ° î ·ŠºõÁ ª¬ÎµÉ¾ÄÅ® É
À|ËÉ̹Źź"«+üIýQþÿ +* ˜žÌü(ýqþÿ l .ü 3«jÉ̵ĻªCµ·Êɾ®eÀjº"º®ŽÄÅ®µ·Šº$­ÊÉ̵É\” þ¬þ¾ÆØþ
– ° î ·ºÀjº
ª¾ÎŠÀjº"«|òÌÉ̵Ļª¬®ŠÀ¹»ºÉ¾­9µj·ŠºË µjª¶ª¬®Š¶"¹Å´Š­ºCµ·ÊÉ̵$É®Šª¾®ióôµj·Š«jº"º¤ïôŠÉ¾«jð9Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹È½¿ª¾«µ·ŠºüIýQþÿ
ËÉÁCγº5˪¬«|º5ɾъъ«|ª¬ÑŠ«|ħÉ̵jº¾°
¹ ” þ E– Æ{µj·ŠPº dʺ"¹Å­ŠÀ­ŠºÀ|¶«|ÄÅΊĻ®Š÷
µj·Šº­iÁi®ŠÉ¾ËÄ»¶É¾¹Jγº·ÊÉòÃÄŪ¾«ª¾½Èµ·Šº
Q ®Gµj·Šº² Qûî ÎÊɾ÷Ë$ªÃ­ŠºB
ï´ÊÉÌ«jðÂÀIɾ®­÷¬¹»´Šª¬®ŠÀ)¶ª¾Ëъ«|ÄÅÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷ µ·Šº ·Êɾ­«jª¬®É¾«jº ¶ª¬6® dÊ®Šº­
µªµj·Šº ·Êɾ­Š«|ª¬®Ä»®Âµjº«|ÄŪ¬«)ÎÒÁµ·Šº
Ä»®Š¶¹»´ŠÀjÄ»ª¬® ª¾½™µj·Šº@µjº«jË ÎTk]l?m §on‚Ð µjªµ·º+º®º«j÷ÌÁÂóô˪¾Ëº"®Âµj´ŠË µº"®ŠÀjª¬«"° î ·Šº+ÀQµº"ѽ¿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾® §on
º"®ŠÀj´«jºÀ(µj·ÊÉ̵(µ·‡º dʺ¹»­ŠÀ ɾ«jº¶"ª¬1® dÊ®Šº"­ŽÎ³º¶É¾´ŠÀ|º$Äúµ(ÄÅÀ+ª¬®Š¹»Á®Šª¬‹® …"º«|ªñ)Äúµ·ŠÄ»®<µ·Šºò¾ª¬¹Å´ŠË$º ª¾½
µj·Šº·Êɾ­Š«|ª¬®™° Ð~Ä»ÀÈÉ ÑÊɾ«jɾ˺õµº"«Uª¾½8µ·Šº)µ·Šº"ª¬«|Á ñ)Äúµ·µj·Šº+´®ŠÄ»µjÀUª¾½™ÑŠ«jº"ÀjÀj´«jº¾° Q ®ŠÀ|ÄÅ­Šºµ·Šº@ÎÊɾ÷
µj·Šº ïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀIÉÌ«jº5ï´ÊɾÀjÄ óô½¿«|ºº¾Æ•À|´ŠÎ p|º¶õµIµª$ÄŮҵjº«É̶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀXñ)Ä»µj·ºÉ¾¶¸·ª¾µj·Šº«)òÃÄ§É ÷¬¹Å´ª¬®ŠÀɾ®Š­-µ·Šº
㪬´Š®­Êɾ«|Á¶ª¾®Š­ŠÄ»µjÄŪ¬®À{Ä»Ëѳª¬Àjº"­ ÎÒÁµj·Šº’ÎÊɾ÷£° VȺ"ÀjÄÅ­ºÀ Ðƾµj·Šº«|ºXɾ«|ºÈµ·Š«|ºº’Ë$ª¬«|ºÈÑÊɾ«jɾË$º"µº"«jÀ
ªÌ½µj·Šºµj·Šºª¬«QÁ¬° î ·ŠºÀ|µ«|º®Š÷̵·…ª¾½)µ·Šº¤ï´ÊÉÌ«jð¬óû÷¬¹»´Šª¬®3Ä»®Âµjº«jɾ¶"µjÄŪ¬®9Ä»À ¶¸·Êɾ«jɾ¶"µjº«|Ä …º"­ ÎÒÁŽµ·Šº
ÀQµ«|ª¬®Š÷¶"ª¬´ŠÑŠ¹»ÄÅ®Š÷ ¶ª¾®ŠÀ|µÉ¾®Ò­µ ïqnõ° î ·Šrº %ɾ®Š!­ › ïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀXɾ«|º+ÉÌÀjÀj´Ëº"­Cµª·ŠÉöò¾º@µj·Šº+Àjɾ˺ËɾÀjÀ
ý¿´ŠÀj´ŠÉ¾¹Å¹úÁ$µÉ¾ð¾º"®CµªÎ³º …º"«jaª ƐΊ´iµXµ·ŠºIÀQµ«jɾ®Š÷¬ºIï´ÊÉÌ«jðÄ»À’ɾ¹»¹ÅªöñUº­µjª·ÊÉò¬º5É®Šª¾®i:ó …"º«jªËɾÀ|ÀÆ
ñLn
° {ÄÅ®Êɾ¹»¹»Á¾Æ•µj·Šº ÑÊÉ̫ɾË$º"µjºg« s ¶¸·ÊÉ̫ɾ¶õµº«|Ä …"ºÀ+µj·Šº Ëɾ÷¬®ŠÄúµ´Š­Šº ª¾½Øµj·Š‡º …º"«jªÌóôѱª¾ÄŮҵ+º"®Šº«|÷¾Á
ªÌ½Øµ·Šº ï´ÊÉ̮µj´ŠËË$ªi­ºÀ@ñ)Äúµ·ŠÄ»®* µ·ºÎÊɾ÷Š° ©(¹Å´Šª¾®<ÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀIÉÌ«jºµj«jºÉ¡µº­<µjª dÊ«jÀQµ(ª¬«|­Šº«
Ä»p® ï,nIý¿µ·ÄÅÀXÄÅÀXÄ»À’µ·Šº(À|ªÌóû¶É¾¹Å¹»º'
­ yI®Šº©(¹Å´Šª¬p
® Uùi¶¸·Êɾ®÷¬ºÉÌъъ«jªùiÄÅËÉ̵jÄŪ¬®™Æê¬B« y54© U.t° X+ÉÌ­Š«jª¬®
ËɾÀ|ÀjºÀ ÉÌ«jº¤´ŠÀ|´Êɾ¹Å¹úÁG¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µº­3´ÀjÄÅ®÷µj·Šº dùiº­Ãóû«ÉÌ­ŠÄÅ´ŠÀ ÀQµ¸É̵jÄŶõóô¶ÉòÃÄ»µûÁGɾъъ«|ªùÄ»ËÉ¡µÄŪ¾®9ÄÅ®
ñ)·ÄŶ¸· µ·Šº«É¾­ÄÅ´ŠÀJª¾½±µ·Šº¶ÉòÃÄ»µûÁÄ»YÀ Ñ t° @®Š­º«Jµ·ŠÄ»ÀUÉÌÀjÀj´ËѐµjÄŪ¬®8Ƶj·Šº)º _±º¶"µjÄ»ò¾¾º X@ɾËÄ»¹»µjª¬®ŠÄ§ÉÌ®
­º"µº"«jË$ÄÅ®ŠÄ»®Š÷µj·Šº5·Êɾ­Š«|ª¬®
ËɾÀ|¾À ¹ ÄÅÀX÷¾Ä»ò¬º"®
ÎÒÁ
ÿ -Ñ H Ð Î s * é Y évu ü
ýqþ¬°úþ¬þ
¹yýÑ4à
E
Ñ
ø
¨
ø
ñ)·º«jº é ¨ YÄÅÀȵj·Šº5ÎÊɾ÷ º®º«j÷ÌÁeý¿ñ)·ŠÄ»¶¸·
Ä»®Š¶¹»´Š­Šº"À’µ·Šº(«|ºÀ|µËɾÀjÀ|ºÀɾ®Š­¤µj·Šº5ðÃÄ»®Šº"µjÄŶIº"®Šº«|÷¾Á
ªÌ½{µj·Šº5ïôŠÉ¾«jðÂÀ+Ä»®¤µ·Šº5ÎÊɾ÷)ÉÌ®Š­ évu ÄÅÀXµ·Šº5ѳº«Qµ´Š«|ÎÊÉ̵Äúò¬º5÷¬¹»´Šª¬®'X+ɾË$ÄŹúµª¬®Ä§É¾®™° î ·ŠºÉ¾¶"µj´Êɾ¹
«jɾ­ŠÄ»´ŠÄÀ Ñ * ª¾½µ·ŠºaÎÊɾ÷ÄÅÀB­Šºõµº«|ËÄ»®Šº­ÎÒÁ«|ºï´ŠÄ»«jÄÅ®÷rw´¹ ýIÑ49ž"w}Ñ àá@ɾ®Š­5µ·ŠºÈɾ¶"µj´Êɾ¹Ò·ÊÉÌ­Š«jª¬®
ËɾÀ|ÀØÄÅÀJ÷¬Ä»ò¾º®$ÎÒPÁ ¹ ý Ñ * ° Q ® µ·ŠºXµ«|ºÉ̵j˺"®ÒµUªÌ^½ RIºö©(«ÉÌ®Š­xt"!$#ÊƵj·Šº)À|µj«É¾®Š÷¾º@ï´Êɾ«|ð ËɾÀjÀ
ñLn Ä»ÀU¶¸·ª¬Àjº"®CÀj´Š¶¸·µ·ÊÉ̵aµ·g
º y = ËɾÀ|ÀaÄ»ÀU¶"ª¬«j«|º¶õµ° î ·Šºª¾µ·º«aÑÊɾ«ÉÌ˺õµº«|ÀIýIÐÆs Æiɾ®Š­!ï,n
ÉÌ«jº+­º"µº"«jË$ÄÅ®Šº"­¤ÎÒPÁ dŠµ|µÄ»®Š÷µªµ·ŠºI𮊪öñ)®-ËÉÌÀjÀjº"À’ª¾½^µj·ŠºI®Šª¬®ÃóûÀ|µj«É¾®÷¬ºIÑÊɾ«QµÄ»¶¹Åº"SÀ * ^1Æ Ê¤ÆŠÉ¾®Š­
° •ª¾«Èµ·Šº5¶É¾Àjº(ñ)·Šº"«jº(µ·Šº %
ɾ®Š'
­ ›ï´ÊÉÌ«jðÂÀɾ«jºIµÉ¾ð¾º"®-µjª$γº(ËɾÀjÀ|¹ÅºÀ|ÀƊµj·ŠºIòÌɾ¹Å´Šº"ÀXª¾½Mµ·Šº
z £
ъɾ«É¾Ë$º"µjº«|À)ɾ«jšº Ð F|{ ;à~þaÿ ²
°º ( }Æ s * à þ¬7° ÌÿŠ‹Æ ïqn9àz°7iƊɾ®Š'
­ ñLn9à4Dk$²
°º ( °
Ӄ®Šª¬®i<ó …º"«jªeËɾÀ|À$½¿ª¾« µj·Šº-À|µ«jɾ®Š÷¬º
ï´Êɾ«jð3ΐ«jºÉÌðÃÀC¯ Iý À|ÁÃËË$º"µj«|Á ɾ®­‚ɾ¹»¹Åªöñ)À½¿ª¬«
Ë$ÄúùiÄ»®Š÷5αºõµûñȺ"º® w•Éò¬ª¾«QóûÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹Åº"µ ü F J Uɾ®P­ w•Éò¬ª¾«QóûªÃ¶"µjº"~µ ü J JÀ|µÉ̵º"À(ý ´ÀjÄÅ®÷µ·º+®Šª¾µÉ̵Ļª¬®
ÿÿ ³ J "GF0 ƐɾÀÈγº"½¿ª¾«jº ° î ·Šº(ѳª¬ÀjÄúµÄ»ò¾º@ъɾ«jÄúµûÁ·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®¤ÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ ý¿ü(ý F " üþ¬þ¬þ @õÆ ý F " üþ¾þ kÆ
ÿ
Æ ›ÊƙJ ɾ®­ ö ºÉ¾¶¸·J ÄÅ®
µ·Šº C
% ý H " üþ 9)ɾ«|º ¶ª¬®ÀjÄÅ­º«jº"­<µª¤¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µ(ªÌ½Øµ·Š«|ººï´Êɾ«|ðÃÀ$Oý %B$
ª¾«jΊÄúJ µ° î ·ŠºÀ|º·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®À|µ¸É¡µºÀ@ɾ«|,
º ¿Qъ´Š«j)º ÀÄ»®µj·Šº Àjº®Àjºµj·ÊÉ̵)µ·º«jº ÄÅÀ)®Šª$Ë$ÄúùiÄÅ®Š÷γº"µûñUºº"® /
"
µj·Šº Ë ´Š¹úµÄÅѐ¹Åº"µj™À ¢ % ý HJ üþ +αº"¹Åª¬®÷¬À(µªµ·Šº$÷¬«jª¾´Š®Š­ióôÀ|µ¸É¡µº¯ Iý ¾w•Éò¬ª¬«qóû­Šº"¶´ŠÑ¹Åº"µÉ¾®Š­
üIý JF " üþ¬þ¬þ @Uɾ®Š­ ý JF " üþ¬þ kJɾ«jºIъɾ«|µÈª¾½^µ·Šº+÷¬«jª¬´®Š­ióûÀQµ¸É̵jº5¯ ý ¶w•Éò¬ª¬«qóûªÃ¶"µºõµ° ʪ¬«aµ·Šº
®º÷ÒÉ̵jÄ»ò¾ºъɾ«jÄúµûÁ À|µÉ̵º"ÀÆÃÎÊɾ÷ ˪튺"¹Š¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵Ļª¬®ŠÀØъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µaÀj´ÎŠÀ|µÉ¾®ÒµÄ§É̹ÊËÄ ùÄ»®Š÷(γº"µûñUºº®µ·Šº
D
Ë´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»º"µÀ"° î ·Šº(µûñUª¹»ª ñUºÀQµ|óô¹»ÁÃÄÅ®Š÷
ÿ
þ =q
ÿÿ ü @ F = B
à
102k ÿÿ ü ü
ÿ
ü
ÿ
ÿÿ
@
J
J
F
ÿÿ F F = B
J
J
à
ÿÿ
ü þ
ø
À|µÉ̵º"À)ÄÅ®¤µ·ŠÄ»ÀX˪튺"¹^ɾ«jºE¢
ÿ
þ =q 60 ÿ@ ÿÿÿ üü þ =q
60 ÿa ÿÿ ü™ü
F =
ÿÿ
úþ¬þ ÿÿ ü ü þ
=q Î
10
102k ÿ ü
ÿÿ F ÿÿ
ÿ
ø
n
=q
n
ÿ
=q
607@D ÿÿ ™ü
ü
ø
ÿÿ
ÿÿ
(
ÿÿ
ÿ
=€
Î 10xE@ ÿÿ ™ü =q ü
ÿÿ ü
ÿÿ
ÿ
(
iþ ü þ
Î 107
ü
ü
ýqþ¬°úþ
qý þ¬°úþ
´ÀjÄÅ®÷
µ·º®Šª¾µÉ̵Ļª¬® ÿÿÿ ³ ü ß Æñ)·º«jº¹ ÄÅÀ5µ·ŠºPw•Éò¬ª¬«qóQ¯ý5Ë ´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»º"µÆ Ä»À µj·ŠºCÀ|ъÄÅ®
ªÌ½Xµ·Šººõùi¶Äúµº­…ï´Êɾ«|ð•Æ Ä»Àµ·ºCÑÊɾ«|Ä»µûÁeª¾½Xµ·ºCºõùi¶Äúµº"­3ïôŠÉ¾«jð•Æaɾ®Š­Gµj·ŠºCÀ|´ŠÎŠÀj¶"«jĻѐµ ö Iý ñ'
Ä»®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jºÀ™µªÌµ¸É¾¹»¹»Áý Ë$Äúùiº­t8À|ÁÃËË$º"µj«jÄ»¶ ñ’Éò¬ºóô½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀMÄÅ®5ъÀ|º´Š­Šª¡óûÀjѐÄÅ®5½¿ª¬«™µ·ŠºJªÃ¶"µjº"µBÀ|µÉ̵º"À°
î ·º<ËÉÌÀjÀjº"À¤¶ª¬«|«jº"Àjѳª¬®Š­ŠÄ»®Š÷Gµª ÿÿÿ ü(ý JF = ɾ®­ ÿÿÿ ü(ý JF = ñUº«|º­Šº"µjº«|ËÄ»®Šº­èµjª9αºGþ @¾ÿ
²-º)(2ÉÌ®Š­þÿ¾ÿ@ ²
º°( Æëjº"Àjѳº¶"µjÄ»ò¾º¹»Á¾° º"Ä»µ·F º«ÈËɾÀ|ÀÈɾ÷¾«jºº"ÀUJ ñ)Äúµ·µj·Šº+ËɾÀ|ÀUª¾½8µ·Šº@ü(ýQþÿ °
{Ä»µjµjÄÅ®Š÷µj·Šº
üIýQþ
ъ«jº"Àjº"®ÂµjÀɎÀ|ÄÅË$ÄŹ§ÉÌ« ъ«jª¾ÎŠ¹Åº"Ë
° î ·Šº
¹ÅªöñUºÀ|µQóû¹úÁiÄ»®Š÷ H = À|µÉ̵º-ÄÅ® µ·Šº
J
Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹±ÄÅÀ
ÿÿ E
üÿ @ HJ = B à 107@ ÿÿÿÿ ü F ü =q ø 102 ÿÿÿÿ ü ü = ü àá  Î 102 ÿÿÿÿ ü ü = ü ààþ 
F
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
ÿÿ
þ
q
=
Î 10úþÿ ÿ üü
ü
ýqþ¬°úþÿa
ÿÿ
ñ)·º«jº’µj·ŠºX®Šª¾µÉ̵Ļª¬® Ä»Àµ·ŠºXÀjɾË$ºXɾÀ½¿ª¬«ºï´ÊÉ̵jÄŪ¬®ŠÀXþ¾°»þ
IÉÌ®Š­¤þ¬°úþ+ñ)Ä»µj· µ·Šº)ɾ­­Šº­ ®Šª¾µÉ̵Ļª¬®
ªÌ½{‹¯ àz¤ý狯 à þ aÄÅ®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jÄÅ®Š÷ µ·Šº@µª¾µÉ¾¹±À|ъÄÅ®¤ªÌ½^µ·Šº+µûñUª C ï´Êɾ«jðÂÀ"° î ·Šº+À|µ¸É¡µº ÿÿÿ ü(ý HJ = ·ÊɾÀ
F
ÉËɾÀjÀXªÌ½È
þ D ²
)º (Ƴ¶"¹ÅºÉ¾«j¹úÁµjªiª ¹Åªöñ5°
/
c5É¡ùiÄÅ«jɾ
À "!$#$”•k̖8¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É̵jºµj·Šº+«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º)ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀUñ)Äúµ·ŠÄ»®µ·º(² Qûî ÎÊɾ÷˪튺¹Ê½¿«jɾ˺ó
ñUª¬«|ð³° î ·Šº5«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºIñ)ÄÅ­µj·ÄÅÀX­Šºõµº«|ËÄ»®Šº­-ÎÒÁ
ÿÿ މ
¹Š‰‹^ŒB› H ô % ý I ô þ³ô ™ý ô M = êON Q 2Þ ¹ ÿÿ J üýqþ¬°ú
þ àâ I F
'
õ H9
N
÷ õ
ê ê ÿ
‚*+
+Gƒ * 7 9?„†… F ÿˆ‡
J+ "GF 7
-P
ò
ô
þ³ô ™ý õ ô à M ‰Ž™ý õ ô 1qôï I™ý õ ô °ü}/
ôï à
ûl0
ýqþ¬°úþ @
ô
Xº«|'
º Þ ê ¶Æ ¹ ê ?ý މ¬£Æ ¹Š‰
5ɾ«jº µ·Šº$µª¾µÉ¾¹aɾ®Š÷¬´¹§É¾«(Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´ŠË ÉÌ®Š­Žµj·Š!º …óûъ«|_ª p|º¶õµÄŪ¾®Žª¾½Èµ·Šº
ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«UË$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë ½¿ª¾«Uµ·ºIÄÅ®ŠÄúµÄÅɾ¹M×ý dÊ®ŠÉ¾¹ ØÎÊɾ«QÁ¬ª¬®¤ÀQµ¸É̵jº™À Y<ô ɾ«jº+µj·Šº ¼ ɾ´Š¹ÅijÀjѐÄÅ®CËÉ̵«|ÄŶ"ºÀ
ÉÌ®Šx
­ +™ý õ ô ÄÅÀµ·Š‡º RIÄÅ«É̶À|ъÄÅ®Šª¾«@½¿ª¬«)µ·ŠºïôŠÉ¾«jð-´Š®Š­Šº"«j÷¬ª¾ÄÅ®Š÷µj·Šº «jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º µj«É¾®ÀjÄ»µjÄŪ¬®8° î ·Šº
µj·Š«jº"ºõóô˪¬Ë$º®Òµj´ŠË/ª¾½Øµ·ºÑŠ·ŠªÌµª¬®<Ä»À ILô ‘I R ù Ƴñ)Äúµ· I à ñ ê Î ñL‰¬Æ±ñ)·º«j&º ñ ê Iý ñL‰Ì)ÄÅÀ)µ·Šº
ѐ·ÂÁÃÀ|ÄŶÉ̹ËɾÀjÀ(ª¾½Øµj·ŠºÄÅ®Ä»µÄÅɾ¹a×ý dŠ®Êɾ¹ )ÎÊɾ«QÁ¬ª¬®™° î ·Šº«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º­Šº"¶ÉÁ<Ä»À(ɾÀ|Àj´ŠË$º­<µjª¤ªi¶"¶´Š«
òÃÄÅɵ·Šº­ºõóûºùi¶Ä»µÉ̵Ļª¬®ª¾½UÉCÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹»ºï´Êɾ«|ð
ñ)·Šª¬À|º ¶¸·Êɾ«j÷¾ºÄÅÀ M ‰Ò° î ·ŠºÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®Ñ±ª¾¹§É¾«|Ä …É¡µÄŪ¾®
ò¾º¶õµª¬«ÄÅÀX­Šº"®Šª¾µjºZ
­ H ô 9 % ý I ô õ° î ·Šº Àj´ŠË Ä»À)ѱº"«|½¿ª¬«|˺"­
ªöò¬º"«µj·Šº(µûñȪ·Šº¹»ÄŶ"Ä»µûÁCÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ’ý SàÓ3
þ ªÌ½{µj·Šº5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®™°
VȺ"¶É¾´Àjº+ªÌ½±µj·Šº@¹Åɾ¶¸ð ª¾½™É¾÷¬«|ººË$º®ÒµUαºõµûñȺ"º®µj·ŠºËɾÀ|ÀJª¾½8µj·Šº@üIýQþÿ ɾ®Š­ µ·º@ËɾÀjÀ|ºÀ
¶"ª¬«j«|ºÀ|ѱª¬®­ŠÄÅ®Š÷Cµjª ÿÿÿ üIý JF = ɾ®­ ÿÿÿ ü(ý JF = Æ c5É¡ùiÄ»«É¾“À r"!$#…¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵º"­<µ·Šº ñ)Ä»­µ·´ŠÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷
F
J
γª¾µj·eñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀ° î ·ŠºõÁŽ¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µº­µ·º«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºñ)ÄÅ­µj·Ž½¿ª¬«(µ·º ÿÿÿ ü(ý HJ = ¤ÀQµ¸É̵jºÎÒÁ
´ÀjÄÅ®÷Žþ¬°úþÿ
ɾ®Š­eÎÒÁGÉÌÀjÀj´ËÄ»®Š÷-µj·ÊÉ̵5µ·ºÀQµ¸É̵jºÄ»ÀÉw•Éò¬ª¾«QóûÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹Åº"µý ÿÿÿ ü F ü H Eõ° Q ®¶¹Å´ÀjÄŪ¾®Žª¾½
µj·ŠºªÃ¶"µjº"µ¶ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´iµÄŪ¾®G®Šª¾µjÄŶ"ºÉ¾ÎŠ¹úÁ¶¸·Êɾ®Š÷¾ºÀ µ·º¶É̹Ŷ´¹§É̵jº­G«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º J ñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀ° Q ®Žµ·Šº"ÄÅ«
¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µÄŪ¾®™Æ¡µj·ŠºXü(ýq
þ £· ñ)ÄÅ­µj· ÄÅÀ’þ +ð¾°º (?½¿ª¾«µ·Šº wÊÉöò¾ª¬«QóôÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹Åºõµ ÀQµ¸É̵jº¾Æ¶ª¬Ë$ÑÊɾ«|º­
µjªŽþ D-ð¾°º ( ½¿ª¬«(µj·ŠºË$Äúùiº­eÀ|µÉ̵ºÌ° î ·ŠºüIýQ
þ z ³ü2ñ)ÄÅ­µj·GÄ»‡À D¤ð¾°º ( ½¿ª¬«5µ·eº w•Éò¾ª¬«Qó
À|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹Åº"µ’À|µ¸É¡µº¾Æʶ"ª¬Ë$ÑÊɾ«jº"­¤µª$ÿ @ð¾)º ( ½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5ËÄ ùº"­¤À|µÉ̵ºÌ°
½ ËÄ»®Šª9ÉÌ®Š­ ²-Á÷Š«|º« ” þÿÊ+Æ Ì– ƒµ·Šº<Ίɾ÷9ÄÅÀ­Š«jº"ÀjÀ|º­ ÎÒÁèÉ
Q ®‚µj·Šº<¶¸·ŠÄ»«É¾¹ÎÊɾ÷G˪튺¹)ª¾”
Ë$ºÀ|ª¬®ŠÄ»¶ ¶"¹Åª¬´­™° î ·ŠºË$ºÀ|ª¬®<¶¹»ª¬´Š­
¶ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´iµÄŪ¾®-µjªµ·‡º X+ÉÌËÄ»¹»µª¾®ŠÄ§É¾®¤Ä»À@¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|ÄÅ­Šº"«jº­Ñ±º"«Qó
µj´Š«jΊÉ̵Äúò¬º¹úÁ¬° î ·Šº)˺"Àjª¬‡® dʺ"¹Å­ŠÀaɾ«|ºXºõùi¶¹»´Š­Šº"­$½¿«|ª¬Ë µj·Šº)ÄŮҵº"«jÄ»ª¬«ª¾½•µj·Šº)ÎÊɾ÷5ɾ®Š­ ¶"ª¬®ÒµÄŮ´ŠÄúµûÁ
ªÌ½^É¡ùiħÉ̹ʶ´Š«|«jº®ÒµÈÄÅÀJ«jº"ïôÄÅ«jº"­¤É̵Jµ·º+ÎÊɾ÷ Àj´«|½ ɾ¶"º¾° VȪ¾µj·ð¡É¾ª¬®É¾®Š­ÑŠÄŪ¬® dʺ"¹Å­ŠÀUɾ«jºÄÅ®¶¹Å´­Šº­
Ä»®
µj·Šº ¶É̹Ŷ´¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®™° î !ª dÊ«jÀQµ(ª¬«|­Šº«IÄ»®µ·º ˺"Àjª¬W
® dʺ¹»­ŠÀÆ8µj·Š`º Bɾ÷¬«jɾ®Š÷¬ÄÅɾ®-ÄÅ®µj·ŠºÄ»«+Ë$ªi­Šº"¹
Ä»ÀX÷¬Ä»ò¾º®ÎÒÁ •
þ ˜ ô l?m —ý –G ˜ ô l?m Oý –G Î Ð §ð
l
à
b
ý ːOý –G: w l ˊ—ý –G Î
÷
ÿ
d
þ
þ @ w l ¬Mô Oý –G B J §ð}ü
ý ô ô
ΠːOý –Gš™Šþ
S
¬Oý –G:œ‚!ːOý –G ð
ýqþ¬°ú
þ D
÷
ø
ø
ó
›
ô ÉÌ«jºµ·ŠºŽ©(º¹»¹úóQ²
ɾ®Š®
ñ)·º«jº\ːýO–G¤É¾«jºµj·ŠºïôŠÉ¾«jðCdʺ"¹Å­ŠÀ"Æ ¬ô ý—–G¤É¾«jºµ·ºeË$ºÀ|ª¬® dʺ¹»­ŠÀÆ Së
ËÉ̵j«jÄŶ"ºÀ".Æ Ð ÄÅÀµj·ŠºÎÊɾ÷e¶ª¬®ŠÀQµ¸É¾®ÒµÆ’ɾ®Š­ž›‹ÄÅÀ µ·º
Ë$ºÀ|ª¬® ­º¶ÉÁ…¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|µÉ¾®Òµý¿ºÄúµ·Šº"«Ÿ› 2 ª¬«
›
à þ 02k › °aÇȪ¬1
® dÊ®Šº"˺"®Òµ+Ä»À)ɾ¶¶"ª¬Ëѐ¹ÅÄÅÀ|·Šº­¤òÃÄ§É µj·Šº5À|µº"Ñ-½¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®
¨
2
þ Ä»€½ –<Ä»ÀXÄÅ®ŠÀ|ÄÅ­ŠºIµj·Šº5ÎÊɾ÷
§ð`àc¡
ýqþ¬°úþ
ª¾µ·º«|ñ)Ä»Àjº
§ð Ä»Àaµj·Šº+Ä»®Òò¬º«|ÀjºIªÌ
½ §ðɾ®Š­ ó ð‡à ó ™ý õ ô Î Ñ ô * JÄ»Àaµj·Šº RIÄ»«É¾¶)­Šº"¹»µ¸É óô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®É¡µUµj·Šº+À|´Š«|½ ɾ¶"º+ª¾½
µj·ŠºÎŠÉ¾÷ñ)Ä»µj·<«ÉÌ­ŠÄÅ´Š¾À Ñ * ° î ·Šºµ·ŠÄ»«j­µjº«j˃ÄÅ®Žþ¬°ú
þ DÄÅÀµ·Š‡º c5¹»ºÄ»®ióQ©(ª¬«j­ª¬'
® MÉÌ÷¬«É¾®÷¬Ä§É¾®-½¿ª¬«
ɽ¿«jº"ºÀ|¶É¾¹Åɾ­« dʺ¹»­™° î ·ŠºõÁ-ѱº"«|½¿ª¬«|˺"­-µj·Šº¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µÄŪ¾®ŠÀ’½¿ª¬«Xµ·Šº®Šº÷¬É̵Äúò¬º ÑÊɾ«jÄúµûÁ¤·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®ŠÀ
ª¾®Š¹»Á-´Š®Š­º«Iµ·ºÉ¾ÀjÀ|´ŠË$ѐµÄ»ª¬®µ·ŠÉ̵IµûñUª-ªÌ½Øµ·Šºï´Êɾ«|ðÂÀ5ɾ«jº Ä»®µ·º C À|µ¸É¡µºÉ¾®­ª¬®ŠºÄÅÀ@ÄÅ®
º"Ä»µj·Šº« µj·Šº C ª¬«µ·Šº 6 ÀQµ¸É̵jº¾° î ·ŠºõÁ ɾÀjÀ|´ŠËº"­‚ÉÀQµ¸É̵jÄŶ¤Àjѐ·Šº«|ÄŶ/ É̹XÎÊɾ÷ñ)Ä»µj·…µj·ŠºÎÊɾ÷
ъɾ«É¾Ë$º"µjº«|ÃÀ ï,/ nààþ 0xÃtÆ ÐeF|/ { ; à þaÿ ²
)º (tÆ ñLnàâE²-)º ( Ƴɾ®¢
­ s * àz°7”2
–ç°
ËÄ»®Šª$ɾ®Š­²-Á÷Š«jº"«@½¿ª¬´Š®­-µj·Šº ½¿ª¾¹Å¹Åªöñ)Ä»®Š÷ ñ’Éò¾ºõóô½¿´®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ½¿ª¬«Xµ·Šº ¹ÅªöñUºÀQµ|óû¹úÁÃÄÅ®Š÷ ®Šº"÷ÒÉ¡ó
µjÄ»ò¾º(ÑÊɾ«jÄúµûÁC·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®À@½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5¶É¾À|º5ñ)·º«jº5µ·º"Á¤ª¬®¹»ÁCÄ»®Š¶¹»´Š­Šº(ъĻª¬® dʺ¹»­ŠrÀ ” þÿ –¡¢
ÿÿ ü(ý F = à
Î 107DD ÿÿ J þ
102 ÿÿ ; 107@Ìÿ ÿÿ J ü
ýqþ¬°úþ k
ÿ J
ÿ F|{ J ø
ÿ F|{ J ø
ÿ F|{ J
ÿÿ ü(ý H = 4à
Î 102k ÿÿ J þ
Î 607k ÿÿ ; 107k ÿÿ J +ü
ýqþ¬7° ÿ J
ÿ H^{ J
ÿ H^{ J ø
ÿ H^{ J
ñ)·º«jºJñUºUÄ»®Âµj«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"ºJÁ¾º"µÉ¾®Šª¾µj·Šº«B®ŠªÌµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬® ÿÿÿ J ð "GF ¹ Æ Ä»® ñ)·ŠÄ»¶¸‡· ¹ ÄÅÀ^µ·ºÈ£¯ ý ^Ë´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»º"µÆ
Þ-Ä»À µ·Šº)µª¾µÉ¾¹•É¾®Š÷¾´Š¹§É¾«Ëª¬Ë$º®Òµj´ŠË ª¾½±µ·Šº)À|µÉ̵ºÌƐÉÌ®Š­ þÄÅ®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jºÀ µj·Šº@À|ъÄÅ®$Ë ´Š¹úµÄ»ÑŠ¹Åºõµ
ªÌ½{µj·Šº µj·Š«jº"ºõóôïôŠÉ¾«jð¤ÀQÁiÀQµº"Ë
° î ·ŠºËɾÀ|ÀjºÀª¾½{µ·Šº ÿÿÿ üIý F = ø ɾ®­ ÿÿÿ ü(ý H = ÀQµ¸É̵jºÀ)ñȺ"«jº$
þ k
²-)º ( ɾ®Š­ þ ¾ÿ-²-)º ( ÆB«|ºÀjѳº¶õµÄúò¬º¹úÁ¬° Q ®ŽªÌµ·Šº"«5ñUª¬«|­ŠÀJ ÆMÀjÄ»ËÄ»¹§É¾«)µªµJ ·Šº Q À|÷¬´Š«Q:ó c5ɾ«j¹ Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹ Æ
µj·Šº-ü(ýQþÿ ɾ®­ µj·ŠºüIýQ
þ E ɾ«jº®ŠºÉ¾«j¹úÁ…ËÉÌÀjÀ ­Šº÷¾º®Šº"«É̵jºÄÅ®…µ·º
Ë$ªi­º¹ç° Q ®Š¶"¹Å´ŠÀ|ÄŪ¬®
k
ªÌ½(µ·Šºð¡É¾ª¬®CdŠº¹Å­À¤­ŠÄÅ­‹®ŠªÌµÉE_±º¶"µ¤µj·Šº<ñÈÉöò¾ºõó罿´Š®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®ÀÆ+ΐ´µ¹ÅªöñUº«jº"­‹µ·ŠºËɾÀjÀª¾½5µ·Šº
ÿÿ ü(ý H = À|µÉ̵º½¿«jª¬Ë þ ¾ÿ²
)º (/µjª9
þ ²-)º ( ñ)·ŠÄ»¹ÅºC«jɾÄÅÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷-µ·ŠºËɾÀ|À ª¾½)µ·º ÿÿ üIý F = ÀQÿ µ¸É̵jJ ºI½¿«jª¬Ëƒ
þ k ²
)º (2µjª-þ D ²
°º ( ¶ª¬Ë$ÑÊɾ«|º­Cµªµj·Šº(¶É¾À|ºIñ)·Šº«|º5ª¬®Š¹»ÁъĻª¬® dʺ¹»ÿ ­ŠÀ’ñUJ º«jº
¶"ª¬®ŠÀ|ÄÅ­Šº"«jº^­ ” þÿ}Æ – Ɛµ·Â´ŠÀɾ¹»¹ÅºõòiÄÅÉ̵Ļ®Š÷5µ·Šº(ËɾÀjÀÈ­Šº÷¬º"®Šº«jɾ¶"Áΐ´µXъ´Š¹»¹ÅÄ»®Š÷µj·Šº(ъ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµÄ»ª¬®C½¿ª¬«
µj·Šº ÿÿÿ üIý JF À|µÉ̵º(½¿´Š«Qµ·Šº"«ÉöñÈÉÁ¤½¿«jª¬ËSµ·Šº5ª¬ÎÀjº«Qò¬º"­<ËÉÌÀjÀXª¾½{µ·Šº5ü(ýqþÿ õ°
î ·Šº«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º(ñ)ÄÅ­iµ·<Ä»®
µ·º¶¸·ŠÄ»«É¾¹BÎÊɾ÷˪튺¹B­ŠˆÄ _8º"«jÀ)½¿«jª¬Ë þ¬°ú
þ ÎÂÁ-µ·ºÄÅ®¶¹Å´ÀjÄŪ¾®
ª¾½
ÉË$ºÀ|ª¬®¶´Š«|«jº®Òµµº"«j'
Ë ¢
ÿÿ މ
¹&‰†)ô % ý I ô ý ¤?ô ¥
ÿJ àâ I F
¤ ô ,•Þ ¹
'
H
÷
ø (
ê ê ÿÿ
* +
+Gƒ * 7 9„†… F ÿ:‡
9
J+ "GF€7
ý õ ô M = ê N QN ¤?ô ¥  Œ†¦ › H õ Þ ô ¥ ™
*
-?P
ý
ô M = ê N QN ü
ýqþ¬7° i
þ ¤ ô §Œ†¨ ›H õ Þ ô ™
õ
(
(
¦
-?P
ñ)·º«j4º Ñ2Ä»Àȵ·Šº(Ίɾ÷«É¾­ÄÅ´ŠÀ"¶° X@º"«jº Þ ô ¥ ™ý õ ô UÄÅÀȵj·Šº(ï´Êɾ«|𺹻º¶õµ«jª¾Ëɾ÷¾®Šº"µjÄŶ+¶"´Š«j«|º®Òµ)ª¬Ñ³º«jÉ̵ª¬«"Æ
÷¾Ä»ò¬º"®ÎÒÁCþ¬°úþ @ÆÒÉÌ®Š­ Þ ô ( ™ý õ ô {ÄÅÀ É+µûñȪÌóôαªÃ­Áª¬Ñ³º«É¡µª¬« ªÌ½³µj·ŠºÈ½¿ª¬«|Ë 7 ê ƒ ë ©ù Iý ý< ©ù †ý þM½¿ª¬«{µ·ŠºX¶É¾Àjº
ñ)·º«jº+ïôŠÉ¾«jeð ýº"ËÄúµÀUÉ˺"Àjª¬®Cµj·ÊÉ̵UÄÅÀÈɾΊÀjª¾«jγº­¤ÎÒÁï´ÊÉÌ«jrð þ•° î ·ºI˺"Àjª¬®¶¹Åª¾´Š­C¶ÉÌ®Cª¬®Š¹úÁ
¶"ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´µjº µjªµj·Šº«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º(ñ)ÄÅ­µj·
òÃÄ§É µ·Šº¶ª¬´ŠÑ¹ÅÄÅ®÷ª¾½{µ·ŠºÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®ñ)Äúµ·
µj·Šº ˺"Àjª¬®ŠÀ@ÄÅ®
wŠÄÅ÷¬·Òµ° î ·Šº ­Šª¾ËÄ»®Êɾ®Òµ+¶"ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´µjÄŪ¬®-µªµj·Šº «jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º ñ)Ä»­µ·Ä»À½¿«|ª¬Ë/µ·ŠºïôŠÉ¾«jð-¶ª¬«|ºòÃħÉ
µj·Šº5­Šºõóôºõùi¶Äúµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬®¤ªÌ½À|ÄÅ®Š÷¬¹»º(ï´Êɾ«jðÂÀ"°
î ·ŠºX«|ºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀ ª¾½³É¾¹»¹iª¾½Êµj·Šº’¶É¾¹Å¶"´Š¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®À{­Šº"Àj¶"«jÄÅγº­ ÉÌαªöò¬º)ÉÌ«jºÈµÉ¾ÎŠ´Š¹ÅÉ̵º"­ ÄÅ®µÉ¾ÎŠ¹»º+þ¬°úþXɾ®Š­
­ÄÅÀjѐ¹§ÉÁ¬º"­$÷¾«É¾ÑŠ·ÄŶÉ̹Ź»Á5Ä»‡® dÊ÷¬´Š«|º5þ¬7° i£° Ä»÷¬´Š«jº+þ¬7° I­ºË$ª¬®ŠÀ|µj«É̵jºÀص·ŠÉ̵ µ·º)ñ)Ä»­µ·ÀØъ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµº­
ÎÒÁ$ÎÊɾ÷˪튺¹»Àaɾ«jº@÷¬º®Šº"«É¾¹»¹»Á ¹»ª ñUº«aµ·ÊÉÌ®µ·Šª¾Àjº+ѐ«jº­ÄŶ"µjº­¤ÎÒÁ$¶ª¬®À|µÄúµ´Šº"®ÒµXï´Êɾ«jð$Ë$ªi­Šº"¹ÅÀ"°
º w•Éò¬ª¬«-ÑÊɾ«QµªÌ½ µ·Šº * ýQþ ñÈÉöò¾ºG½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®lÄ»À¤µ·ŠºŽÀɾË$ºŽÄ»®lγª¾µj·lµ·º ª¬®ió
î ·Š\
«|º¹ÅÉ̵ÄúòiÄ»À|µjÄÅ4¶ ÈI´Êɾ«|ð²
ªÃ­Šº¹Mɾ®­
µ·º ² Qûî V’ɾ÷²
ªi­º¹ç° î ·Šº½¿´¹Å¹8ñÈÉò¬º½¿´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®™ÆÊ·ŠªöñUº"ò¾º«Æ
Ä»À)Éъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµ@ªÌ½{½¿ª¬´«X¶ª¬Ë$ѱª¾®Šº®ÒµÀ)¢
Zઍ+|ý [«_¬­« õ +ý ö ¯®[ M ^I|ý ›¬O® °£« õ +ý ö tý’±$°0
ýqþ¬7° Xº«|š
º I­ý [?«_¬O« õ {ÄÅÀJÉÌ®É̮µjÄúóôÀ|ÁÃËË$º"µj«jÄ»¶UÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷¬¹»º"µØÀQµ¸É̵jº ÂÄ»µ ÄÅÀ µ·ºXÀɾË$º’½¿ª¬«Øɾ¹»¹ÎÊÉÌ«|Á¬ª¾®ŠÀ°Ð ·º«jº
µj·Šº5µûñȪCË$ªÃ­Šº¹»À¶É¾®­†Ä _±º«ÄÅÀ)ÄÅ®µ·ŠºÀjÑÊÉ¡µÄ§É̹™ñ’Éò¬º½¿´Š®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®8° î ·ŠÄÅÀъ«jº"Àj´ŠËɾΊ¹úÁ-ɾ¶¶"ª¬´Š®ÒµÀ
½¿ª¾«XÀjª¬Ë$º(ª¾½Mµ·Šº5­ŠˆÄ _8º"«jº®¶º5ÄÅ®Ëɾ÷¬®ŠÄúµ´Š­Šº(ªÌ½{µj·Šº5«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º+ñ)Ä»­µ·-ъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀXÄ»®µj·Šº(µûñȪ
Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹»À°
üIýQþÿrµ Ù_¶¯·,¸IÚ¹
¼ ´Š«|º¹»Á¯Ë H ñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀ­Šª…®Šª¾µ¤÷¬Äúò¬ºÀjÉ̵ĻÀ|½ ɾ¶õµª¬«QÁè«jº"Àj´Š¹úµÀC½¿ª¬«µ·ŠºüIýQþÿõ° Ó+À
Ë$º®ÒµjÄŪ¬®Šº"­ ºÉ¾«|¹ÅÄź"«ÆXµ·ºeüIýQþÿ $ñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®øË$ÄÅ÷¬·Òµ¤·ÊÉò¾ºeÀ|ª¬Ë$ºŽÉÌ­ŠËÄ ùõ´Š«|º<ª¾r½ Ë ; Ëa
Ä»®Š­Šº"º­™Æ³µ·Šº‡Ë ; Ë$¶ª¬Ë$ѳª¬®Šº®Òµ(ËÉÁ-­Šª¬Ë$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̵jº µj·ŠºñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®™° ²
´Š¹»­Šº«|ÀÆ8½¿ª¬«@ºõùÉ¾Ë$ъ¹ÅºÌÆ
ѐ«jª¬Ñ³ª¬Àjº"­-µj·Šº ɾъъ«|ªùÄ»ËÉ¡µº+ñÈÉò¬ºõó罿´Š®Š¶õµÄŪ¾®
® ” þ @̖
ÿÿ þ = 
ÿ þ =
ÿ þ =


ÒÓ102 ÿÿ üIý
ü Ë ; Ë 3¯107@ ÿÿ ü(ý
üË H 0
ýqþ¬7° ÿÿ üIý
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
©(ª¬¹»­ŠËÉ̊
® š"!$#£” þ D
–Mﴊª¾µjºº"À|µÄ»ËÉ¡µºÀ)ª¾½ $ðÌ)º (yÄÅ®µ·Šº¶ª¬®ŠÀQµ«|´Š¶"µjÄ»ò¬º¶É¾À|º ɾ®É
­ @ ð¾)º (yÄÅ®
µj·ŠºX­Šº"À|µ«|´Š¶"µjÄ»ò¾º@¶É¾ÀjºX½¿ª¬«µj·Šº)ü(ýqþÿ A ³ü3«É¾­Ä§É̵jÄ»ò¬ºUñ)ÄÅ­µj·™° î ·ŠºõÁ ﴊª¾µº)É(«jÉ̵·Šº"«J¹§É¾«|÷¬º
ÛtÝIÛtÝIÛ
²´³Ú
þ
î « ɾ®ÀjÄ»µjÄŪ¬®
üIýQþ
E£
üIýQþÿ £
ýqþ ¶
ýqþ¬þ k¶
üIýQ
þ E£
üIýQþÿ £
ýqþ ¶
Ï 5²
Æ
þ
ü.
­È
”åk }E–
@
ü.
ü
.
ü
.
D
x
i°
D ² Qûî
ÈÇ ·ŠÄ»«É¾¹ lÏ UÄÈ5²
ÈV Ó©e”åkE– VUÓ ©P”•Ì– ” þ E–
ÿ @
i
þ @ »Ìƙþ De¼
D
þ¬þ þ @D
ÿŠ2° @
ÿŠ»° þ
þ
D
iþ
k
þ »Ì´Æ i7° De¼ þ¬°2k
ÿ@
þ
ùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ
= þ ¾ÿa3š£º
”2
–
3þ¬P
þ ”2¡ÿ –
D34'” þ ÃÆ^þ¬þ)–
2° @3 þ¾° W
ÿ ” þ ̖
ÿaD3
þ Dp”2¡ÿ –
þ 3(W
ÿ ” þ ÃÆ^þ¬)þ –
3šDp” þ ÃÆ^þ¬)þ –
U
ÈÇ ª¬Ë$ÑÊɾ«|ÄÅÀjª¾®¤ª¾½µj·Šºª¬«|º"µjÄŶÉ̹™ÑŠ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ’½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº5«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º+ñ)Ä»­µ·À
ý Ä»®ð¾º)(zX½¿ª¾«’µ·Šº(µ«jɾ®ŠÀ|Ä»µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ­# % ü.<ɾ®Š­W# % <µjªºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®ÒµÉ¾¹™«jº"Àj´Š¹úµÀ"°
Q ®¤µj·Šº5¶É¾À|º ªÌ½Mµj·Šº5ъ«jº"­ŠÄŶõµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀXª¾½Mµ·Šº ² Qûî ÎÊɾ÷ Ë$ªi­º¹8½¿ª¬«Uµ·Šº5ü(ýqþÿõƆ»(Ëɾ«jðÂÀ
­ ¼(Ëɾ«|ðÂÀ
µ·º5òÌɾ¹»´Šº(¶ª¾«j«jº"Àjѳª¬®Š­ŠÄ»®Š÷µª µ·Šº ÿÿÿ E
ü @ JF = B À|µ¸É¡µºý º"ïôŠÉ̵Ļª¬®þ¬°»þ ’ɾ®Š¾
F
µj·Šº(ò¾É̹ŴŠº(¶"ª¬«j«|ºÀjѳª¬®Š­ÄÅ®Š÷ µªµ·º ÿÿÿ E
ü @ JF = B À|µÉ̵ºý º"ï´ÊÉ̵Ļª¬®þ¬°úþ õ° ¿ î ·Šº «jºÀ|´Š¹»µ
ª¾½ ²É¾À|Àµ "!$#•·ŠÉ¾À)αº"º®«|º¶"ª¬Ëѐ´µº"­
´ŠÀ|ÄÅJ ®Š÷$É ½¿´Š¹»¹8ñ)ÄÅ­µj·
ªÌ½È
þ 07@Ã3øþ 02$²
)º (°
²½·¸×ÚÜÛtÝIÛ
þ¬þ
Radiative width (keV)
NRQM
relativized CQM
MIT bag
Chiral bag
Ä
Bertini
Ä Mast, et al.
Burkhardt and Lowe
400
Ã
Y →γΛ
*
Ã
Y →γΣ
*
0
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Σ(1385)
Λ(1405)
Λ(1520)
Σ(1385)
Λ(1405)
Á
 Λ(1520)
Hyperon
©5«jɾъ·ŠÄ»¶É¾¹±«jº"ъ«jº"Àjº®ÒµÉ̵Ļª¬®ª¾½Bµ·Šº(«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º+ñ)ÄÅ­iµ·ŠÀ’½¿«|ª¬ËSµÉ¾ÎŠ¹»º þ¬°úþ¬°
® µ·Šº5¶ÉÌÀjº5ª¾½Mµ·Šº² Qûî Ίɾ÷ ˪튺¹¶”•kE– Ɗµ·º üIýQþÿañ)Ä»­µ·ŠÀ)¶"ª¬«j«|ºÀjѳª¬®Š­µª µ·º
ñÈÉò¬ºóô½¿´Š®Š¶õµÄ»ª¬® ÿÿÿ ü @ JF = B ° î ·Šº5ъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ)ª¾½Mµ·º5òÌɾ«|ÄŪ¬´À’˪튺"¹ÅÀ)ɾ«|º(ÄÅ®Š­ŠÄ»¶É̵jº­
ÎÒÁÎÊɾ«|Àɾ®Š­¤µ·Šº5ºùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$F º®Òµ¸É̹^«jºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀ)ÎÂÁCÀ|ÁÃË Î³ª¬¹ÅÀXñ)Ä»µj·º«j«|ª¬«XÎÊɾ«|À°U¯iª¬¹»ÄÅ­¤ÎÊÉÌ«jÀ™¢
Ï È5Ü
² ”åkŠtÆ E–ʪ¬Ñ³º®-ÎÊɾ«|À™¢Ø«jº"¹§É̵jÄ»òÃÄ …"º­
Ç­È5²Ü” þE–Š½¿ª¬«|ñÈɾ«j­À|¹§É¾À|·ŠºÀ)¢U¶¸·ŠÄ»«É¾¹8ÎÊɾ÷}”•
–
­
ÎÊɾ¶¸ðÒñ’ÉÌ«j­À|¹§É¾À|·Šº)À ¢U² Qûî ÎÊɾW
÷ ”åkE–ÊÀjï´Êɾ«|º™À ¢È²É¾ÀQÀµ )"!$#Ĕ2EE–¡Šµj«jÄÅɾ®Š÷¬¹»º™À ¢
VȺ"«|µjÄÅ®Š<Ä ”2ÌÌÿ –¡¶ÄÅ«|¶¹»º™À ¢VU´Š«jð·Êɾ«|­µ+ɾ®Š'
­ ^ª ñU!º ” þ¬)þ –ç°
Ô­Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
ÚTÛtÝJÅ
Q
þ
ñ)Ä»­µ·‹ý𾺰(4 ½¿ª¬« µ·Šºü(ýqþÿr +* ¶¸·Êɾ®Š®Šº"¹ç°,(Jº"Ä»µL"!$#ø´ŠÀ|ºCµ·ŠºCÇȹŪ¬´Š­iÁÂó:V’ɾ÷
Ë$ªÃ­Šº¹ Æ8ñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·ŽÉ¾¹»¹Åªöñ)ÀIµ·Šº Ë$ºÀ|ª¬®dʺ¹»­ŠÀ(µª¶ª¬´ÑŠ¹Åºµª¤µj·Šº ÎÊɾ«|Á¾ª¬®TdŠº¹Å­À5µj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬·Šª¬´iµ(µ·Šº
ò¾ª¬¹Å´Ëºª¾½Øµ·ŠºÎÊɾ÷¤ÄÅ®À|µºÉ¾­ª¾½p|´ŠÀQµ5É̵Iµj·Šº ÎÊÉÌ÷¤Àj´Š«Q½ ɾ¶ºÌ° î ·º"Á,dŠ®Š­µ·ÊÉ̵@µ·Šºü(ýQþÿ)ÄÅÀ
ѐ«jº­ª¬ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵jº¹»Á$É Wαª¾´Š®Š­CÀQµ¸É̵jº+ñ)Ä»µj·CÀjª¬Ë$º(ɾ­ËÄ ùiµj´Š«jºª¾½Mɵj·Š«jº"ºõóôïôŠÉ¾«jðÀ|µ¸É¡µº¾° î ·º"Á
¶"¹§É¾Ä»ËSµj·ÊÉ̵Xµj·Šº5¹ÅªöñȺ"À|!µ ¿|ъ´«j™º À$ºõùi¶"Ä»µº"­-µj·Š«jº"ºõóôïôŠÉ¾«jð¤ÀQµ¸É̵jº Ä»À’µ·Šº5üIýQþ
E™”åiƊÿE–ç°
y+µ·º« ˪튺¹»À ½¿ª¾«5µj·ŠºüIýQþÿ (ɾÎÊɾ®­Šª¬®Žµj·Šºµj·Š«jº"ºõóôïôŠÉ¾«jðeъÄŶõµ´Š«|º¾° Q ®Gµj·Šº¤¯ÃðÂÁë|˺
Ë$ªÃ­ŠºY¹ ” þ iÆBþ k̖çÆʵ·ºüIýQþÿ ÈÄÅÀ)µ«|ºÉ̵jº­<ÉÌÀ+É ®Šº÷¬É̵Äúò¬º ÑÊɾ«jÄúµûÁð¡É¾ª¬®ióôÀjª¬¹»Ä»µª¾®¤Î±ª¬´®Š­ÀQµ¸É̵jº¾Æ
¶"¹ÅºÉ¾«j¹úÁ®ŠªÌµ‡É Ë H À|µj«j´Š¶õµ´Š«|ºÉ¡µɾ¹Å¹ ° Q ®µ·Šº(Ë$ªi­º¹™ª¾½ ɾ¶¸·ŠºŽ« š"!$#ÅƐµj·Šº(ü(ýqþÿ UÄÅÀX¶"«jºÉ¡µº­
­iÁi®ŠÉ¾ËÄ»¶É¾¹»¹»Á-½¿«jª¬ËÉ-À|º"µª¾½Èµjº®e˺"Àjª¬®ióôÎÊɾ«QÁ¬ª¬®Ž¶ª¬´ŠÑ¹Åº­e¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº¹»ÀÆ®ŠÉ¾Ëº"¹»É
Á = ^Æ * ŽÆ
- * ü+´
Æ - * * Æ ÆÃü+ÇÆ Æ * ´Æ -" = GÆ - = " $Æ "8È = Æ8ɾ®Š/
­ * È * ° Q ®µj·Šº «jº"À|µj«jÄŶõµº"­ðÃÄ»®ŠºËÉ̵jÄŶÉ̹
«|º÷¬Ä»Ëºµj·Šº"ÁŽ¶ª¬®ÀjÄÅ­º«Æت¾®Š¹»Áµj·Š!º - " = AÆ - = " ÆØÉÌ®Šè
­ - *+* ¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹ÅÀ ¶"ª¬®Òµ«jĻΊ´µjºÀjÄ»÷¬®ŠˆÄ dó
¶É¾®Òµ¹úÁµªµj·Šº«|ºÀjª¾®Êɾ®Š¶"ºCÀj·ÊÉÌѱºÌÆØɾ¹»µj·Šª¬´Š÷¾·Žµ·Pº - * ü ¶¸·Êɾ®Š®º¹’ÉÌ­Š­ŠÀ É
ÀjËɾ¹Å¹ØÎÊÉ̶¸ðÃ÷¾«jª¬´Š®­
´®Š­Šº«|®ŠºÉ¡µ·<µ·º «jº"Àjª¬®ÊÉÌ®Š¶ºÉÌ®Š­<µ·Šº E¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº¹ ª¾Ñ±º"®ŠÀI´ŠÑɾγªöò¬ºµj·Šº«|ºÀ|ª¬®Êɾ®Š¶"º¾° î ·Šº
Ë$ª¬ÀQµ(ÀjÄ»÷¬®Š†Ä dŠ¶É¾®Òµ(ѳª¬ÄŮҵ ɾ㪬´µ+µ·Šº Ë$ªi­Šº"¹Ä»ÀIµ·ÊÉ̵+µ·Šº Àj·ŠÉ¾Ñ±º"À5ª¾½Uµj·Š‡º - " = Æ - = " ÆBɾ®Š­
- *+* ¶"«jª¬À|ÀQóôÀjº¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀɾ«jºÉ¾ÀQÁÃËË$º"µj«jÄŶÉÌ®Š­ µj·ÊÉ̵µj·Šº"Á3ѳºÉÌð3É̵ ­ŠˆÄ _8º"«jº®Òµ$ËɾÀjÀ|ºÀ$­Š´Šº¤µª
®ª¬®ióû®º÷¬¹»ÄÅ÷¬Ä»ÎŠ¹Åº Q à þ¬Æ Q àz$¶"«jª¬À|ÀXµº«|ËÀ"ƕɾÀXÀj·ª ñ)®
ÄÅ® dÊ÷¬´«jº þ¬° ÿŠÆµ¸ÉÌ𾺮-½¿«jª¬N
Ë ”2EE–ç°
 `tq^ç+OqR.jI n'o ‘&qB`•OQP qMTȉ\J_`tqB‹j(_ô‰Š
e
î ·Šº(¹Åɾ«j÷¾ºÀ|µÈÀɾË$ъ¹»ºIª¾½Bü(ýqþÿaº"ò¾º®ÒµÀXñÈɾÀXª¬ÎµÉ¾ÄÅ®º­¤ÎÒÁXºË$ÄÅ®Š÷¾ñÈÉÁ´ÀjÄÅ®÷ É Ëª¬®ªÌó
º"®Šº«|÷¬º"µjÄŶ…ý¿ÿŠ7° 3©5°º (4¤Ì¶ = αºÉ¾Ë Ä»ËъĻ®Š÷¬Ä»®Š÷Žª¾® É9·ÂÁ튫|ª¬÷¬º"®lΊ´ÎŠÎŠ¹Åº¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º«"° î ·Šº
­º¶ÉÁeª¾½’µj·Šº ýQþ @@5Ä»®Òµª -$-èъ«|ªöòiÄ»­Šº­9É
¶¹»ºÉ¾®eÀÉÌËъ¹»ºªÌ½’ü(ýqþÿ É Àγº¶É¾´ŠÀjºËª¾À|µ
ªÌ½ µj·ŠºÀ|º­Šº¶ÉöÁÃÀ-ъ«jªÃ¶º"º­‹òÃÄ§É ýQþ @@É ü(ýqþÿ ?ý -Ä * -Ø° Xºª¬ÎŠÀ|º«|ò¾ºÀ-˪¾«jº
" - = - " ºõò¬º®ÒµjÀÀjÉ̵ĻÀ|½¢ÁÃÄÅ®Š÷·ÄÅÀ ¶"´µÀµ·ŠÉ¾® = - " - " ºõò¬º"®ÂµjÀ<ýqþ¬þ @<ºõò¬º"®ÂµjÀ ¶ª¬Ë$ÑÊɾ«|º­3µª
DE@@Žºõò¬º®ÒµjvÀ õ°~¯iÄ»Ëѐ¹ÅºÄÅÀ|ª¬ÀjъĻ®‹É¾«|÷¬´ŠË$º®ÒµÀɾÀjÀ|ÄÅ÷¬®èº"ï´Êɾ¹+ѐ«jª¬ÎÊÉÌΊÄŹ»Ä»µûÁ3µªŽÎ±ªÌµ·è¶¸·ÊÉÌ®Š®Šº¹»À°
î ·ÄÅÀ­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«jº"ÑÊɾ®Š¶õÁñÈɾÀIÉ¡µjµ«|ÄÅΊ´iµº­
µªÄ»®Òµº«Q½¿º«|º®Š¶"º ÄÅ®-µ·Šº = - " - " ¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹ç° î ·Šº " - =
Ä»®Òò¾ÉÌ«jħÉ̮µ ËɾÀjÀÀj·ŠªöñUº­ ÉÀjÄ»÷¬®ŠˆÄ dʶɾ®ÒµÉ¾À|ÁÃË$˺õµ«|ÄŶ$ѱºÉ¾ð•ÆØÄÅ­Šº"®Âµj†Ä dʺ"­3ɾÀ µ·ŠºCüIýQþÿ õÆÉ̵
ÉÌ᪬´iµþ¾° ÿ<©5°º ( ° î ·ŠºüIýQþÿ I¹ÅÄÅ®ºÀ|·Êɾѳº¶ª¾´Š¹Å­Ž®Šª¾µÎ±eº dŠµñUº¹»¹U´ÀjÄÅ®÷<,
É VU«jºÄúµ|óçÐ ÄÅ÷¬®Šº"«
ъɾ«É¾Ë$º"µjº«|Ä …É¡µÄŪ¾®™­° ”•i)þ –
î ·Šª¾ËɾÊÀ T"!$#±½¿ª¬´Š®­µ·ÊÉ¡µI®Šº"Ä»µ·º«+µj·ŠºüIýQþÿ )®ª¬«@µj·Šº ýQþ )ɾ«jºÑŠ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"º­Ñ³ªÌó
¹Åɾ«j†Ä …º"­¤ÄÅ® - = -ÄŮҵjº«É̶"µÄ»ª¬®ŠšÀ ”•Ì– °
î ·Šº«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º ­Šº¶ÉÁ<ª¾½ µj·Šº üIýQþÿ )·ŠÉ¾ÀI®Šºõò¬º«+αº"º®Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­­ŠÄÅ«|º¶"µj¹»Á¾°IÏɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º
ñ)Ä»­µ·À ½¿ª¬« ü(ýqþÿ ` Yü ‹É¾®Š­…üIýQþÿ ` +* ‚·ÊÉò¬ºÎ³ºº® ÄÅ®i½¿º«j«|º­9½¿«|ª¬Ë ÀQµ´Š­ŠÄ»ºÀª¾½
µj·Šº­º¶ÉÁÃÀ(ª¾½ µj·Š‡º = À|ÁÃÀ|µjºË-°+Ð ·ŠÄúµº·ª¬´ŠÀjL
º j"!$#£” þ ̖{ª¬Îµ¸ÉÌÄÅ®Šº"­<ÉΊ«jɾ®Š¶¸·ŠÄ»®Š÷C«jÉ̵Ļªª¾½
Iý 102@3Ü10ú
þ K þ = HȽ¿ª¬«Jµ·ŠºIY
ü -¶¸·Êɾ®Š®Šº"¹™É¾®­eýQþ 0 ÿ¬Yÿ 3Ü107 K þ = HȽ¿ª¬«Jµ·Šº * ¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹ç°
î ·º"Á Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­µ·º@ъ·ª¾µª¬®$Àjѳº¶õµ«|´ŠË ´ŠÀjÄ»®Š÷É É Q ý î ¹ ­Šºõµº"¶"µª¾«a½¿«|ª¬Ë ÉË$ª¬®Šª¡óûº®º«j÷¾º"µÄ»¶
Iý @ ²
°º (4¤Ì¶ B = γºÉ¾Ë ÀQµª¬ÑÑŠÄÅ®Š÷ Ä»®
ɹ»ÄÅﴊÄÅ­¤·ÒÁ튫|ª¬÷¬º®-µ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µ° î ·Šº"Áª¾ÎŠÀjº"«|ò¬º"­<ÿ kkY
ü
ºõò¬º"®ÂµjÀ+ÉÌ®Š,
­ +* <º"ò¾º®ÒµÀ"°
î ·Šº$ºõùõjº®Òµµjªñ)·ÄŶ¸·Žµj·Šº$ü(ýQþÿ @¶"ª¬®Òµ«|ÄÅΊ´µjºÀ5µªµ·Šº"Àjº$­Šº¶ÉÁiÀÄÅÀ5ɾ®eª¬Ñ³º®GË$ªÃ­Šº¹ ó
­ºÑ³º®Š­Šº"®ÒµUﴊº"À|µjÄŪ¬®™A° VÈ´Š«|ð÷ŠÉ¾«j­µaÉÌ®Še­ BªöñUšº ” þ¾™þ –Šª¬ÎÀjº«Qò¬ºXµ·ŠÉ̵ µ·ºX¶ª¬´ŠÑ¹ÅÄÅ®÷+¶ª¾®ŠÀ|µÉ¾®ÒµÀؽ¿ª¬«
µj·Šº5ò¬º«QµÄ»¶ºÀ+ª¾½ µ·º­ŠÄÅɾ÷¬«ÉÌËÀ)´ŠÀ|º­ÄÅ®
ɾ®<Ä»Àjª¬ÎŠÉ¾«Qóô˪튺¹8¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵Ļª¬®-ɾ«jºÀj·Êɾ«|º­<γº"µûñUºº"®
= ѐÄŪ¬®ŠÄ»¶Øɾ®Š­5«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾º ­Šº"¶ÉÁÃÀ{γº¶É¾´ŠÀjºJËɾ®ÒÁ(ª¾½Âµ·ºaÀjɾË$º ò¬º«QµÄ»¶ºÀMɾ«|ºØÄÅ®Òò¬ª¾¹»ò¬º"­™° î ·º"Á
gYæ<m
þ
² ºÀ|ª¬®ióôÎÊɾ«|Á¾ª¬®¶"«jª¬À|À)Àjº¶õµÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ)ÄÅ®-É
­ÁîÊɾË$ÄŶɾ¹™«jº"Àjª¬®ŠÉ¾®Š¶º Ë$ªi­Šº"¹™ª¾½Mµ·Šº5üIýQþÿ”•E– °
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙ
ÚÜÛtÝ:Ë
þÿ
¶ ɾ¹Å¶"´Š¹§É¡µº­µ·ºñ)ÄÅ­µj·ŠÀ½¿ª¾« µj·ŠºÑŠÄ»ª¬®ŠÄ»¶¶¸·ÊÉÌ®Š®Šº¹»À ÄÅ®eµ·ŠºÄÅÀ|ª¬ÎÊɾ« ˪튺"¹UÉÌ®Š­9­Šº"­Š´Š¶º"­3µ·Šº
Ëɾ÷¬®Ä»µ´­ŠºÀUª¾½^µ·Šº+ъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÀ)ɾ®Š­¤«jÉ̵Ļª¬ÀȪ̽Mµj·ŠºI¶"ª¬´ŠÑŠ¹»ÄÅ®Š÷¶ª¬®ŠÀQµ¸É¾®ÒµjÀ)µj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬·¤¶ª¾ËÑÊÉÌ«jÄÅÀ|ª¬®
ñ)Äúµ·-µ·Šººõùiѱº"«jĻ˺"®ÂµÉ¾¹Å¹úÁ¤ñȺ"¹Å¹M𮊪öñ)®«É̵jºÀ+½¿ª¬«l = , ü.- * Æ " - = Æ +* - * Æ8ɾ®Š­ = - " °
VU´Š«jð·Êɾ«|­µ@ɾ®Š'
­ ^ªöñȺ ª¬ÎµÉ¾ÄÅ®¤µ·º5½¿ª¾¹Å¹Åªöñ)Ä»®Š÷«jɾ­ŠÄ§É¡µÄ»ò¾ºIñ)ÄÅ­µj·Š™À ¢
à
DÃ3¯ð¾)º (Æ
œ
'
Ì 1
Ì F ;?* 4Í
þ B3 h
ÿ « õ Ã3±D ðÌ)º ( °
' Ì 1
œ
à
F ;?* 4$ÍjÎ Ï
î ·º"Áeɾ¹»Àjª-ª¬Îµ¸ÉÌÄÅ®Šº"­GÉÀjº"¶ª¬®Š­GÀjª¬¹»´µÄ»ª¬®ª¾Ã½ ²10úþ$ð¾)º (S½¿ª¬«(µ·ºYü 3¶¸·Êɾ®Š®º¹çÆMñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·eµ·ŠºõÁ
­ÄÅÀjË$ÄÅÀ|Àjº"­-γº¶É¾´ŠÀ|ºÄúµX­Š†Ä _±º«|À)÷¬«jºÉ̵¹úÁ½¿«jª¾Ë ъ«|º"òÃÄŪ¬´Àj¹»Áъ´ŠÎŠ¹»ÄÅÀ|·Šº­-¶É¾¹»¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵Ļª¬®ŠÀ"°
î ·Šºª¾®Š¹»Á
ъ´ŠÎŠ¹»ÄÅÀ|·Šº­Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"˺"®Òµ5ª¾½Øµ·ŠºüIýQ
þ à Yü G­Šº"¶ÉÁ<ñÈɾÀ(ѳº«|½¿ª¾«jË$º­ÎÒÁ
²
ɾÀ|Lµ "!$#.”2Ì–ç° î ·ŠºõÁeª¬ÎŠÀjº"«|ò¾º­ ' = Ü .ü …ºõò¬º"®ÂµjÀ ÄÅ®GÉ-ÀjɾË$ъ¹Åº ª¾½XÀ|ª¬Ë$º iþ = ü ø ± M %tµ õ ®¬ ö ºõò¬º®ÒµjÀÄ»®É ·ÒÁi­«jª¬÷¬º"®ÎŠ´ŠÎŠÎŠ¹»ºI¶¸·ÊɾËαº"«Xºõùiѱº"«jĻ˺"®Âµ° Ä»½¢µjºº"®¤Ñ±º"«Qó
¶"º®Òµ@ª¾½{µj·ŠºÀ|ººõò¬º®ÒµjÀ@ñUº«jºÉ¾À|Àj´ŠË$º­-µª$αº5ü(ýq
þ ¶ +* «|ºÉ¾¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀ° î ·ŠÄÅÀ)ÎÊÉ̶¸ðÃ÷¾«jª¬´Š®­
À|´ŠÎµj«É¾¶õµÄŪ¾®
Ä»À@Ë$ªi­º¹úóô­ŠºÑ³º®­Šº®Òµ@αº"¶É¾´ŠÀ|ºµ·º"Á
ɾÀjÀ|´ŠË$º­µj·ÊÉ̵)µ·Šºü(ýq
þ ’Ä»À@ÉÌ®¯ Iý À|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹Åº"µA° VaÁ¶ª¬®Òµj«É¾ÀQµÆÒµ·ŠºXË$ªÃ­Šº¹»À ­ŠºÀ|¶«|ÄÅγº­$ÄÅ® Àjº"¶"µÄ»ª¬®þ¬°úþѐ«jº­ÄŶ"µaÉ(À|´ŠÎŠÀ|µÉ¾®ÒµÄÅɾ¹ÊɾË$ª¬´Š®Òµ
ªÌ½8Ë$ÄúùiÄÅ®÷(ɾË$ª¬®Š÷ ¯ ý Ë ´Š¹úµÄ»ÑŠ¹ÅºõµÀ°{²ÉÌÀ|µ t"!$#Ò¶ª¬®¶¹Å´­Šº­ µ·ÊÉ¡µaµj·Šº)Ί«ÉÌ®Š¶¸·ŠÄÅ®÷ «jÉ̵ĻªI½¿ª¬«
µj·Šº(«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾º+­Šº"¶ÉÁ¤ª¾½Mµ·Šº(üIýQ
þ JñÈɾBÀ 102@+3—102þÿŠÆi½¿«|ª¬Ë ñ)·ŠÄ»¶¸·¤µ·ŠºõÁ¤­Šº"µjº«|ËÄ»®Šº­
ÉIъɾ«|µjħɾ¹ñ)Ä»­µ· ª¾G½ 10ú
þ ^3'107²
°º (?«jº¹ÅÉ̵Äúò¬ºÈµjª É(½¿´¹Å¹iñ)Ä»­µ·$ª¾½M
þ Di° ÿ²
)º (° Q ½±µj·Šº)®Šª¬Ë$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̹
òÌɾ¹»´ŠºªÌ½5
þ 602@r3yþ 07Z”å@̖ÈÄÅÀ´Àjº­8ÆJµj·Šº¤ÑÊɾ«QµÄÅɾ¹Øñ)ÄÅ­µj·3αº"¶ª¬Ë$º`À 60»þ Ì&ÿ 3Ó607E²
)º (° î ·Šº
ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«­ÄÅÀ|µj«jĻΊ´µÄ»ª¬®eª¾½)µ·ŠºCѐ·Šª¾µª¾®ŠÀ½¿«jª¾Ë µj·ŠºC­Šº"¶ÉÁGñÈɾÀ¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µjº®Òµ ñ)Ä»µj·3ɾ®3º"¹Åº¶õµ«|ÄŶ
­ÄÅѳª¬¹Åº µj«É¾®ŠÀ|Ä»µjÄŪ¬®™°$ÓS¹§É̵jº« Ç UJÏ ºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®Òµ«|ºÑ³ª¬«|µjº­9É«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾º ñ)Ä»­µ·eª¾½ 43~þ¬þ
ðÌ)º ( ½¿ª¬«)µ·Š4º ³ü?¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹É¾®­aÿ DB3ø
þ Dð¾)º (~½¿ª¬«Xµ·Ššº +* ¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº+¹ ”2¡ÿ –çƕΊ´iµ@µj·Šº­º"µ¸ÉÌÄŹÅÀ)ª¾½
µj·Šººùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®Òµ·ÊÉò¬º¤®Šª¾µÎ±º"º®3À|´ŠÎŠÀjº"ﴊº®Òµ¹úÁ9ъ´ÎŠ¹ÅÄ»Àj·Šº"­™° î ·ŠºµûñȪ«|ºÀj´¹»µÀ½¿ª¬« µj·Š!º ³ü
¶¸·ŠÉ¾®Š®Šº"¹^­Š†Ä _±º«XÎÒÁ-É ½ ɾ¶"µjª¬«Xª¾½M½¿ª¬´Š«"°
ü -ÄU½¿ª¬«’µj·Šº ýqþ ȺõùiÄÅÀQ‡µ ”å@E– ÆÊΊ´µ
´ŠËº"«jª¬´ÀË$ºÉÌÀj´Š«|ºË$º®ÒµÀª¾½Mµ·Šº «É̵jÄŪ ' ý -9ž ' ý Y
µj·ŠºÉ¾÷¬«|ºº"˺"®Âµ$Ä»ÀѱªÃª¬™« ¢ò¾É̹ŴŠº"À«É¾®Š÷¾ºC½¿«jª¬Ë °7µj\
ª °xÃþCñ)Ä»µ·…¹Åɾ«j÷¬ºº«j«|ª¬« ÎÊɾ«|À° î ·Šº
¼ ɾ«|µjÄŶ"¹Åzº R(É̵É$©5«|ª¬´ŠÑ«jº"ѱª¬«QµÀɾ®-Éò¬º"«É¾÷¬º ª¾A½ 10úþ ­3C102þ¬þ¬°
Ӓµ|µºË$ѐµjÀȵªË$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº@µ·ŠºI«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º+­º¶ÉÁ¤ªÌ½^µ·Šº ýqþ U·ÊÉò¬º(®ŠªÌµX˺õµÈñ)Äúµ·¤Ë ´Š¶¸·
À|´Š¶¶"ºÀ|À°X²-ºÄÅÀ|®Šºr« ”•
–Bª¬ÎÀjº«Qò¬º"­ª¬®Šº5ºõò¬º®Òµ@¶ª¬®ÀjÄÅÀQµº"®Âµ)ñ)Äúµ· * ýqþ :- " Yü ´- " Æ
½¿«|ª¬Ë ñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·-·Šº5­Šº"µjº«|ËÄ»®Šº­-ÉΊ«ÉÌ®Š¶¸·ŠÄÅ®÷$«jÉ̵Ļª ª¾A½ 10ú
þ D­3¯10ú
þ Di¶° Xº5ÄÅ­Šº"®Âµj†Ä dʺ"­¤µ·Šº(ъ·ª¾µª¬®
¶É¾®Š­ŠÄ»­ÊÉ̵jº òÃÄÅɵj·ŠºË$ÄÅÀ|ÀjÄ»®Š÷ËɾÀ|À(µº¶¸·®ŠÄÅﴊºÉ¾®Š­9ÉÌъъ¹ÅÄ»º­eÉ
ðÂÄ»®ŠºËÉ̵Ļ‡¶ dŠµ5µª-µ·Šº º"ò¾º®Òµ°
ÇȪ¾¹§É¾´À "!$#S”•–B­Šº"µjº«jË$ÄÅ®º­¤µ·Šº(½¿ª¬¹»¹Åªöñ)ÄÅ®÷ ¹ÅÄ»ËÄúµÀȪ¾®µj·Šº ýQþ È«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jÄ»ò¾º(­Šº¶Éö´Á ¢
þ ¶ Yü ˜ 107@
' ý ýQ
ýqþ¬°7Ìÿa
þ ¶ .ü - * ÀÐ
' ý ýQ
þ ¶ +* ˜ 10260
' ý ýq
ýqþ¬7° üY- * Ð
' ý ýqþ¶
î · ºÄÅ«+«jºÀ|´Š¹»µjÀ(­Šª®Šª¾µ(­ÄÅÀj¶"«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵ºÎ±ºõµûñȺ"º®ŽÉ¾®ÒÁª¾½Jµ·ºËªÃ­Šº¹»ÀƳñ)·Šª¬Àjº ъ«|º­ŠÄ»¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀIɾ«jº
´®ŠÄŹÅÉ̵º"«É¾¹»¹»Á ÀjËɾ¹»¹Åº«Uµ·Êɾ®¤µj·ŠºÀ|º¹»ÄÅË$Ä»µÀ"°
þ
Z9Yq q o ‘&qB`•OQP qMTȉ
ʺ"ñ ъ·ŠªÌµªÌóôъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÄŪ¾® ºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®ÒµÀJ·ÊÉò¬º)γºº® ­Šª¾®Šº’½¿ª¬« µ·ºX¹ÅªöñȺ"«Qóô¹»ÁÃÄÅ®Š÷+ºõùi¶ÄúµºõóôÀ|µÉ̵º
·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®ŠÀ° î ·º +* ýQþ ъ«|ªi­Š´¶"µÄ»ª¬®3¶«|ª¬ÀjÀÀ|º¶õµÄŪ¾®…ñÈɾÀ Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­ Ä»®9µ·Šº¤¹ÅÉ̵ºþk@É À
´ÀjÄÅ®÷Ί´ŠÎÎŠ¹Åº ¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º«|À ”•@̖ ° î ·º­Šº"ѱº"®Š­Šº®¶ºª¬®-µ·ŠºÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Âµ@ъ·ŠªÌµª¬®<º"®Šº«|÷¾ÁWŸ­ ñÈɾÀ
­º"µº"«jË$ÄÅ®Šº"­¤µª αº
þ 07Ã3C102k
Jý * ýqþ¶à
ýqþ¬°7@
gYæ¡{
Ÿ J
Ñ
Ò
½¿ª¾«lŸ -ý¿ÄÅ®-´Š®ŠÄúµÀ)ª¾½a©(º)(zXγº"µûñUºº"®\ɾ®­Éi°2C©(º)(°}VȪöÁÒɾ«|ÀjðÂÄj)"!$#A”•D̖B½¿ª¬´Š®­
µ·ŠÉ̵)µ·Šº
À|´ŠË ª¾½Mµ·º ¶"«jª¬À|À@À|º¶õµÄŪ¾®ŠÀX½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº5üIýQþÿ Èɾ®Š­µ·º +* ýqþ U·Êɾ­µ·Šº5­Šº"ѱº"®Š­Šº"®Š¶º
10xDÃ3øþ 02
ü
ýqþ¬°7D
Jý * ýqþ
Øý ü(ýqþÿ9£à
ø
Ÿ J
Ñ8Ò
´ÀjÄÅ®÷ɾ®<þ¬þ(©5º°( VÈ«|ºË$ÀjÀ|µj«É¾·¹Å´Š®Š÷γºÉÌË
°yI®Šº+ºõùiѱº"«jĻ˺"®Âµz”2EE–8ÀQµ´Š­Äź­Cµj·ŠºIъ«|ªi­´Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®
ªÌ½Êµ·ŠºXüIýQ
þ E{ɾ®­ÉÌ®Š÷¬´Š¹Åɾ«­ŠÄ»À|µj«jÄÅΐ´µÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ{½¿ª¾«{µ·ºX­Šº¶ÉöÁ ª¾½•µ·ŠºXüIýQþ
EBµjª4 = ^ƬΊ´iµØµ·Šº
«|ºÀ|ºÉ¾«|¶¸·Šº«|À ­ÄÅ­®Šª¾µ É¡µjµº"ËÑiµIµª¤¹»ªiª¬ð¤½¿ª¬«+«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Äúò¬º ­º¶ÉÁÃÀ°‡U ùiѳº«|ÄÅË$º®ÒµÀ(ÀQµ´Š­ÁÃÄ»®Š÷¤µ·Šº
üIýQþÿ Èɾ®­-µj·Šº ýQþ È÷¬º®º«É̹Ź»Á´ŠÀ|º­ð¡É¾ª¾®
ª¬«XѐÄŪ¬®Î³ºÉ¾Ë$À° Uùiѱº"«jĻ˺"®ÂµjÀ@Ä»®Òò¬ª¬¹úòiÄ»®Š÷
ð¡É¾ª¾®(αºÉ¾ËÀ^À|1´ _±º«^½¿«jª¬Ë µ·ºa­«Éñ)ÎÊɾ¶¸ð+µj·ÊÉ̵Bγª¾µ·(µj·ŠºØü(ýqþÿ ±É¾®Š­(µ·Šº ýqþ ™É¾«jºØγº¹»ª ñ
µj·Šº µj·Š«jº"Àj·Šª¬¹»­™Ã° RIÄÅ«|º¶õµ@ѐ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®-ºõùiѳº«|ÄÅË$º®ÒµÀ ý = ' # % X¶É¾®
ª¬®Š¹»Á¤É¾¶¶"ºÀjÀ@µ·Šº
·ÄÅ÷¬·9ËɾÀ|Àµ¸É¾Ä»¹ÅÀª¾½Xµ·Šº"ÀjºÀ|µÉ̵º"Àè
° yI®9µ·Šº¤ª¾µj·Šº«·Êɾ®Š­™ÆJъ·ª¾µªÌóôъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®9ºõùiѳº«|ÄÅË$º®ÒµÀ
­ªC®Šª¾µ+­ŠÄÅÀQµÄÅ®÷¬´ŠÄÅÀ|·Î³º"µûñUºº"®µj·Šº Q àzüIýQþÿ )ÀQµ¸É̵jº ɾ®­<µ·Šº Q àþ ýQþ ÀQµ¸É̵jº ÄÅ®-µ·Šº
ѐ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®¶¸·Êɾ®Š®º¹Î³º¶É¾´ŠÀ|ºÈµ·ŠºÈº¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬Ëɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÄ»¶aÄ»®Òµº«jɾ¶"µjÄŪ¬®­ŠªÃºÀ®ª¾µ ¶"ª¬®ŠÀjº"«|ò¾ºXÄÅÀjª¾ÀjъĻ®™°
Q ®5µ·ŠÄ»À™µ·Šº"ÀjÄ»À Q ñ)ÄŹ»¹¬Î³ºØ­ŠºÀ|¶«jĻΊÄÅ®÷)µj·ŠºJ«jº"Àj´Š¹úµÀBª¾½É¾®ºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®ÒµBÄ»®5ñ)·ÄŶ¸·5µ·ŠºJ·ÒÁÃѱº"«jª¬®ŠÀ
ÉÌ«jº(ъ·ŠªÌµªÌóôъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"º­-ÄÅ®¤µ·Šº5«|ºÉ¾¶õµÄŪ¾®
a Î
" # % ü
ýqþ¬7° ñ)·º«j!º # % ­º®Šª¾µjºÀµj·Šº$ºõùi¶Äúµº­3ÀQµ¸É̵jº·ÒÁÃѳº«jª¾®™° î ·ºC­ÊÉ̵ÉñUº«|ºµ¸É¾ð̺®9­´Š«jÄ»®Š÷
µj·ŠPº dÊ«|À|µ
©þý «jºÉ¾¹Jъ·Šª¾µjª¬}® («j´Š®®ŠÄÅ®Š÷-ѳº«jÄ»ªi­‚ýç²
ÉöÁÒó Í ´Š®Šºþ kkIÄÅ®9Ç ^Ó(¯ŽÉ¡µ Í °º _8º"«jÀjª¾®
® BɾΙ° î ·Šº
É̶¶º"¹Åº"«É̵jª¬«Æµ·ŠºIÇ ^Ó(¯­Šºõµº"¶"µª¾«ÆÊɾ®­C­Šº"µÉ¾ÄŹ»ÀUªÌ½™µ·Šºµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«añ)Ä»¹Å¹ÊγºI­Šº"Àj¶«|ÄÅγº­CÄ»®À|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®
ð î ·Šº¤Ñ«jÄÅËɾ«QÁGº"¹Åº¶õµ«|ª¬®3αºÉ¾Ë º"®Šº«|÷¾Z
Á Ÿ ñ’ɾÀ ÉÌ᪬´ieµ i7° e©()º (° î ·ŠºÑŠ·ª¾µª¬®3º"®Šº«|÷¾Á
«jɾ®Š÷¬º@ñ’ɾÀXγº"µûñUºº"É
® ESÉÌ®Šp
­ k ª¾Ä½ Ÿ * ° î * ·Šº(ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®¤Î³ºÉ¾Ë ñ’ÉÌÀX®Šª¾µXѳª¬¹§ÉÌ«jÄ …"º­™°Ó+㪬´µ
ËÄ»¹Å¹»ÄŪ¬®É¾®Êɾ¹ú6
Á …ɾΊ¹»º+µ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«jÀ’ñUº«|º µÉ¾ð¾º"®™Æʪ¾½ñ)·ÄŶ¸·
ɾαª¾´lµ ¡ó:@ ·Êɾ­µ«É̶¸ðÃÀ"°
þ@
fÆÅ
F #(HÔÓ
=?>
FG#(HJO #(:C &M
K
FF< HØ£“,
î ·Šº î ·Šª¬ËɾÀ Í °º _8º"«jÀjª¾® É̵jÄŪ¬®ÊÉ̹ÃÓ@¶¶"º¹Åº"«É̵jª¬£« •É¾¶"ÄŹ»Ä»µûÁ$ý îÍ Ó £MÄÅÀBµ·º’ÀjÄúµºÈªÌ½³É@«jº"¶Ä»«Qó
¶"´Š¹§É¡µÄÅ®÷¹ÅÄÅ®ºÉ¾«’º"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®
ɾ¶¶"º¹Åº"«É̵jª¬«)¶É¾ÑŠÉ¾ÎŠ¹Åº(ªÌ½ ­Šº"¹ÅÄ»ò¾º«|ÄÅ®Š÷ γºÉ¾Ë µjª$µj·Š«jº"º5ºõùiѱº"«jĻ˺"®ÂµÉ¾¹
·ŠÉ¾¹Å¹»ÀÀ|ÄÅË ´¹»µ¸ÉÌ®Šºª¬´Àj¹»Á¾°@Ó~αºÉ¾Ë7ª¾½Jÿa²
º)( º"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®ŠÀ@ÄÅÀ+Ä»®_p|º¶õµº"­<ÄŮҵªª¬®ŠºªÌ½ µûñȪ¤ÑŠÉ¾«É¾¹ ó
¹»º¹Ø¹»ÄÅ®ŠºÉ¾«5ɾ¶¶"º¹»º«É¡µª¬«|À ¶"ª¬®Š®Šº"¶"µjº­9ª¬®ŽÎ±ªÌµ·eº®Š­ŠÀÎÒÁeÉ
ÀjºõµªÌ+½ dŠò¾º«jº"¶Ä»«j¶´¹§É̵jÄŪ¬®eɾ«|¶ÀÆ{ɾÀ
À|·Šªöñ)®Ä»® dŠ÷¬´Š«jlº i°úþ¬¶° UJɾ¶¸· µÄ»Ëº’µj·Šº)º¹»º¶"µj«jª¬®$γºÉ¾Ë ъɾÀjÀ|ºÀUµj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬· ª¬®Šºª¾½³µ·Šº)¹ÅÄ»®Êɾ¶"À µ·Šº
º"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®Š?À ÉÒº®Šº"«j÷¬Ä»ºÀUɾ«jº)γªiª¬ÀQµº"­ÎÒeÁ ʟÆÒñ)·Šº«|º ʟàÄÅÀØ­Šºõµº«|ËÄ»®Šº­$ÎÒÁ µ·Šº)¹ÅÄ»®Êɾ¶XÀ|º"µjµjÄÅ®Š÷¾À°
Á ÊeŸÄÅÀ ÉÌ᪬´i`µ ° ÿe©5°º ( °MӒµ µ·º¤º®Š­3ª¾½Xµj·Šº¤Àjº"¶ª¬®­ ¹»ÄÅ®ÊÉ̶¾Æ{µj·ŠºCγºÉ¾Ë&¶ÉÌ®3αº
î ÁÃъÄŶɾ¹Å¹úT
ºùõ«É̶"µº"­
½¿«|ª¬Ë7ɾ®ÒÁª¾½µj·Š4º dŠò¬ºÑÊɾÀjÀ|ºÀ"°XӒµµj·Šº5µûÁiѐÄŶÉ̹M¹»ÄÅ®ÊÉ̶(Àjº"µ|µÄ»®Š÷$µj·Šº αºÉ¾Ë/º®Šº"«j÷¬Ä»ºÀ
ÉòÌɾĻ¹§É¾ÎŠ¹»º@µjª µj·Šº5·Êɾ¹»¹ÅÀ’«jɾ®Š÷¬ºI½¿«|ª¬Ë $²
°º (൪ ÿŠ2° ©()º ( Ä»®-Ë´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»ºÀỌ̈̄½ ²-)º ( °
î ·Šºº"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®Î±ºÉ¾Ëƒ¶ÄÅ«|¶´Š¹ÅÉ̵º"ÀIÄŮΐ´Š®Š¶¸·Šº"ÀÀ|ºÑÊɾ«jÉ̵º"­ÎÂÁ<ɾ㪬´µIµûñUªÌóôµj·ŠÄÅ«|­ŠÀ(®ŠÀ"° î ·Šº
ºùõ«É̶"µÄ»ª¬®CÀ|ºÑÊɾ«jÉ̵º"Àȵ·ºIαºÉ¾Ë ÄŮҵªµ·Š«|ººIγºÉ¾Ë$ÀȺɾ¶¸·Cñ)Ä»µj·Cÿ kk,
² Xl…+Ί´Š®Š¶¸·À|µj«j´Š¶õµ´Š«|º¾°
Á i2° ¾ÿ®ŠÀXñ)·Šº"®-µj·Šº(º¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®-γºÉÌË «jºÉ¾¶¸·ŠºÀ
Q ®ª¾µj·Šº«’ñUª¬«|­ŠÀƕºÉ̶¸·
Ί´®Š¶¸·
Ä»ÀXÀjº"ÑÊɾ«É¡µº­-ÎÒ'
ª¾®ŠºÈª¾½Êµj·ŠºÈºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®ÒµÉ¾¹·ÊÉ̹ŹÅÀ"° î ·ŠºXɾ¶"¶º¹»º«jÉ̵ª¬«{¶É¾®­º¹ÅÄúò¬º"«Î³ºÉ¾Ëප«j«jº"®ÒµÀØ«ÉÌ®Š÷¬ÄÅ®÷@½¿«jª¾Ë
þ ъÓ2µj!
ª þ Ñ Ó°
î ·Šº
µ·Š«|ºº<ºùÑ³º«|ÄÅË$º®Òµ¸É̹@º"®Š­‹À|µÉ̵Ļª¬®ŠÀɾ«jº<𮊪öñ)® ɾ!À X+ɾ¹»¹ÅÀ$Ó.Æ V+ÆUɾ®Š­?Ç+.° X+ɾ¹»l¹ V
Ä»Àµ·º-Ë$ÄÅ­­Š¹ÅºÉ¾®Š­…ÀjËɾ¹Å¹»ºÀQµº®Š­ À|µÉ̵Ļª¬®™°ŽÓ òiÄ»º"ñ ª¾½µ·Šº·Êɾ¹»¹ÈÄ»À Àj·Šªöñ)® ÄÅÜ
® dÊ÷¬´«jW
º i7° i°
VUª¾µ·Cº"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®¤É¾®­¤ÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®CγºÉ¾ËSºõùiѳº«jĻ˺"®ÒµÀ’·ÊÉò¾º(αº"º®¤«j´®¤ÄÅ®µj·ŠÄÅÀU·Êɾ¹Å¹ ° Q ®Cµj·Šº+¹ÅÉ̵jµjº«
¶É¾ÀjºÌÆõj·Šºº¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®Î±ºÉ¾Ë ÄÅÀJ¶ª¾®Âò¾º«Qµº­Cµjª É5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®Î³ºÉÌË ÎÂÁ µj·Š¾º X@ɾ¹Å}¹ V—VÈ«jº"ËÀ|À|µj«É¾·Š¹»´Š®Š÷
µÉ¾÷¬÷¬Ä»®Š÷5À|ÁÃÀ|µjºË-° î ·Šº+ѐ·Šª¾µª¾®$µj·Šº®CÄ»®Òµº«jɾ¶"µjÀUÄ»®É(µ¸ÉÌ«j÷¬ºõµÈº"®Š¶¹»ª¬Àjº"­ÎÒÁ µ·Šº+Ç UVÈÓ ÜBɾ«|÷¬º
É̶¶º"ѐµ¸ÉÌ®Š¶º Àjѳº¶õµ«jª¾Ëºõµº«ý Ç BÓI‹¯ õ°
Ç ^Ó(¯ ÄÅÀ{ɾ®É¾¹»Ëª¬ÀQµMÿ -µjª¬«jª¬Ä»­Êɾ¹ÂÀjѳº¶õµ«|ª¬Ëºõµº"«¶ª¾Ëѳª¬Àjº"­ ª¾½ÊËɾ®ÒÁ ¹§ÉÁ¬º"«jÀ{ª¾½Ê­Šºõµº¶õµª¬«|À°
{ÄÅ÷¬´Š«|
º Ã7° À|·Šªöñ)À)Éъ¹Åɾ®òÃÄźõñ?ñ)Äúµ·µj·ŠºIγºÉ¾ËS­ŠÄ»«jº¶õµÄ»ª¬®Ñ³ª¬ÄŮҵjÄÅ®Š÷ ½¿«jª¬Ë ¹Åºõ½¢µUµjª«jÄ»÷¬·Òµ adÊ÷Ìó
´«j¾º i° ÿÀj·Šªöñ)ÀXÉ ·ŠºÉ¾­Ãóûª¬®$òiÄ»º"ñ ¹»ªiª¬ðÂÄ»®Š÷Ä»®$µj·Šº+­ÄÅ«jº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ª¾½™µ·º+γºÉ¾Ë-° î ·Šº+Àjѳº¶"µj«jª¬Ë$º"µjº«
Ä»À­ŠÄúòÃÄÅ­Šº"­ÄŮҵªIÀ|ÄúùÀjº"¶"µª¾«jÀØÎÒÁÉIÀ|º"µJª¾½•À|´ŠÑ±º"«j¶"ª¬®Š­Š´Š¶õµÄ»®Š÷5Ëɾ÷¾®Šº"µjÀµ·ÊÉ¡µØъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"ºXÉI«jª¾´Š÷¬·Š¹úÁ
µjª¬«jª¾ÄÅ­Êɾ¹Ëɾ÷¾®Šº"µjÄÅ`¶ dʺ¹»­™p
° UJɾ¶¸·9À|º¶"µjª¬«Ä»ÀÄ»®ŠÀ|µj«j´ŠË$º®Òµjº­Gñ)Äúµ·µ·Šº­Šº"µjº¶"µjª¬«¶"ª¬Ë$ѱª¬®º®ÒµÀ
¹»ÄÅÀQµº­Î±º"¹Åªöñ5° î ·«jººÈ­Š«jÄú½¢µ ¶¸·ÊɾËαº"««jº"÷¬ÄŪ¾®ŠÀº"®Š¶¹»ª¬ÀjºÈµj·ŠºÈµÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµµjª+µ«jɾ¶¸ðъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»ºÀBµ·Š«|ª¬´Š÷¬·
Ç ^ÓI¯<ɾ®Š­Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº µj·ŠºÄ»«+Ë$ª¬Ëº"®Òµ¸É4° ʪ¬«@º¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®ióôαºÉ¾Ëƒ«j´Š®Š®ÄÅ®Š÷ŠÆ±¶¸·Šº«|º®Šð̪öò¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ
ÉÌ«jº ´ŠÀjº"­µª$ÄÅ­Šº"®ÒµÄ»½¢Áº"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®ŠÀÄÅ®-µ·Šº5½¿ª¬«|ñÈɾ«|­<ɾ®Š÷¾¹ÅºÀý γº¹»ªöñ2aÿ "Õv° î ·Šº­«jÄ»½¢µ¶¸·ÊÉÌË Î±º"«jÀ
ÉÌ®Š­Ž¶¸·º«jº"®Šð¾ªöòG¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀɾ«jº º"®Š¶¹»ª¬Àjº"­9ÎÒÁeÉ-À|·Šº¹»¹aªÌ½’Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«|ÀIÄŮҵjº®Š­Šº"­G½¿ª¬«5¶¸·Êɾ«|÷¬º­
ъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»º+Ä»­Šº®ÒµˆÄ dʶɡµÄŪ¾®™¶° VȺ"·ŠÄÅ®Š­¤µj·Šº5Àj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀU­Šªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉ¾Ë ª¾½Mµ·Šº(µÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµ)¹ÅÄ»º@µ·º º"¹Åº"¶õó
µj«jª¬Ëɾ÷¬®º"µÄ»¶¶É¾¹Åª¾«jÄÅË$º"µjº«|À´ŠÀ|º­3½¿ª¬« ѐÄŪ¬®3ÉÌ®Š­3º¹»º¶"µj«jª¬®3Ä»­Šº®Òµj†Ä dʶÉ̵Ļª¬®3ɾ®Š­3­º"µº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®3ª¾½
®º´µj«jª¬®ŠÀɾ®­
ъ·ª¾µª¬®À°
þ
D
Ô­Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
ÚÖ$ÝIÛ
mæ‚g
$ÝIÛtÝIÛ
¯ið̺"µj¶¸·ª¾½Mµ·Šº ɾ¶"¶º"¹Åº«jÉ̵ª¾«’½ ɾ¶Ä»¹ÅÄ»µûÁ¾°
‡ ^q ‰1qBˆ8‰ŠRa` ˆ^RÈPS‘RUTqMT’‰
²´³Ú¢×o½1Ö´Ö´Õ­ØÄ֊٠µ Ú Ú"×َ¶}¹èÚ ×ÚaÙxÛ×5½‹Ö}Ö´ÚaÙeÜ
’Ó µ µj·Šº¤º®Òµj«É¾®Š¶"º¤µªX@ɾ¹Å¹+V+Æ Éµj·ŠÄÅ®‹þ = ; ý@¾ÿ@ Ñ k ž"[°ñ J «É¾­Ä§É̵jÄŪ¬®ióô¹Åº"®Š÷¾µ·e÷¬ª¬¹»­G½¿ª¬Ä»¹
«jɾ­ŠÄÅÉ̵ª¬«{¶ª¬®Òò¾º«|µjÀص·Šº)ÄÅ®¶ÄÅ­º®ÒµØº¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®$γºÉÌËyÄŮҵjª5ÉIъ·Šª¾µjª¬® αºÉ¾Ë~ñ)Äúµ· É(¶¸·Êɾ«jɾ¶"µjº«jÄ»À|µjÄŶ
ΐ«jºË$ÀjÀQµ«jɾ·Š¹Å´®Š÷Cº®º«j÷ÌÁ<Àjѳº¶õµ«|´ŠË
° Q ÷¬®ª¬«jÄ»®Š÷µ·º ®Šº÷¾¹ÅÄÅ÷¾ÄÅΊ¹»º «|º¶"ª¬ÄŹ{º®Šº"«j÷¾Áª¾½Øµ·Šº µÉ¾«j÷¾º"µ
®Â´Š¶"¹Åº"´ŠÀƊµj·Šº5º®Šº"«j÷¾'
Á Ÿ ªÌ½{µj·Šº5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®
Ä»ÀX­Šº"µjº«|ËÄ»®Šº­ÎÒÁ
Ÿ 4à០П ü
¡ý i°ú
þ *
D
ñ)·º«j'
º Ÿ * Ä»À µ·Šºº"®Šº«|÷¾Á…ª¾½µ·ŠºÄÅ®¶ÄÅ­º®Òµ º¹»º¶"µj«jª¬®…γºÉ¾Ë ɾ®Š—
­ Ÿ D Ä»À µ·Šºº"®Šº«|÷¾Á…ª¾½µ·Šº
À|¶É̵|µº"«jº­º¹»º¶"µj«jª¬®8° î ·ŠºµÉ¾÷¬÷¬º"«UËɾ÷¬®º"µaαº"®Š­ŠÀJµ·Šº@Àj¶É̵jµjº«jº"­Cº¹»º¶õµ«jª¾
® É ÀJµ«jŽÉ p|º¶õµª¬«QÁ$Éñ’ÉÁ
½¿«|ª¬Ë[µ·ŠºÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Òµ ­ŠÄ»«jº¶õµÄ»ª¬®GµªöñÈɾ«j­9µj·ŠºËɾ÷¬®º"5µ É À½¿ªÃ¶É¾¹Jъ¹Åɾ®Šº¶ªöò¬º"«jº­ ÎÒÜ
Á @iþµûñȪ¶"Ë
µj·ŠÄŶ¸ðÀj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ™ý ¿ î óô¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ ÀaI½¿ª¬«(÷¬ªÃªi­µÄ»ËÄ»®Š÷¤É¾®ŠT
­ ¾ÿ-ÀjËɾ¹»¹Åº«+Àj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ™ý ¿9Uó
¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ Àa+½¿ª¬« dÊ®Šº"«º"®Šº«|÷¾Á«jº"Àjª¬¹»´µÄ»ª¬®™° Ä»÷¬´Š«|eº ix° CÀ|·Šªöñ)À µj·Šºµ¸É¾÷¬÷¾º«(Ëɾ÷¬®Šºõµ ɾ®Š­µ·Šº
Uóɾ®Š­ î óû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«Èъ¹Åɾ®Šº"À° î ·Šl
º Uóû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀȪöò¾º«j¹ÅɾÑ$ºÉ¾¶¸·CªÌµ·Šº"«Jµjª ½¿ª¾«js
Ë D@D5º"®Šº«|÷¾Á ΊÄÅ®ÀÆ
µj·Â´ŠÀXъ«jªöòÃÄÅ­ÄÅ®Š÷ þ K þ = H Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë «|ºÀjª¾¹Å´µjÄŪ¬®™° î ·ŠºIµ¸É¾÷¾÷¬ÄÅ®Š÷«É¾®Š÷¾ºIÄÅÀ’γº"µûñUºº"
® ÉÌ®Š®
­ kª¾½Xµj·ŠºÄ»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®Òµº¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®9º"®Šº«|÷¾Á¬/
° {ÄÅ÷¬´Š«|º Ã7° @À|·Šªöñ)ÀÉ«|ºÑŠ«|ºÀjº"®Òµ¸É̵jÄ»ò¬º¤º"®Šº«|÷¾Á
À|ѱº"¶"µj«j´ŠË ½¿ª¾p
« i7° Ìÿ …©()º ( ÄÅ®¶ÄÅ­º®Òµ¤º¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®?γºÉÌË
° î ·ŠºÀjъĻðÂÁ‚αº"·ÊÉòÃÄŪ¬«É¾«|ÄÅÀ|ºÀC½¿«jª¾Ë
­†Ä _±º«jÄ»®Š÷Àj†Ä …º"ÀªÌ½{µj·Šº5ΊÄÅ®ŠÀ"° ʪ¬«X˪¾«jº(­Šºõµ¸É¾Ä»¹ÅÀ’À|º!º ”2k̖ç°
UJɾ¶¸· î óû¶ª¾´Š®Òµº« ÄÅÀ5«|ºÉ¾­Žª¬´µ5½¿«jª¬ËµûñȪ
ÀjÄÅ­ºÀɾ®Š­Žµj·Šº$ÀjÄÅ÷¾®Êɾ¹ÅÀ5ÉÌ«jº ­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«|ÄÅË$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̵jº­ÎÒÁ
¼ ·ŠÄ»¹Å¹»ÄÅъÀ Di
þ ¶ª¬®À|µ¸É̮µ)½¿«jɾ¶"µjÄŪ¬®­ŠÄ»Àj¶«|ÄÅË$ÄÅ®ÊÉ¡µª¬«|À° î ·º«|ºÀj´¹»µÄ»®Š÷ ъ´Š¹»ÀjºÀɾ«|º(µ·Šº"®
­ŠÄ»÷¬Ä»µjÄ …"º­
þ
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙ
ÚÖ$Ý
+ɾ¹»¹^V
X
þk
Large-angle Calorimeter
Ý
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
ß
DriftÞ Chambers
Þ Region 1
Þ Region 2
Region 3
1m
TOF Counters
Cherenkov Counters
ï ÄÅ­Šº(¶"´µ|óûÉöñÈÉÁ¤òÃÄź"ñøª¾½Mµ·Šº
Ç ÈÓ Bɾ«j÷¾º(Ó+¶¶"ºÑµÉ¾®Š¶"ºÀjѳº¶õµ«|ª¬Ëºõµº"«
Ô Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
Úx^ÝÅ
­
UV Ý
à
DriftÞ Chambers
Þ Region 1
Þ Region 2
Region 3
ß
TOF Counters
1m
Main Torus Coils
IÄ»º"ñø¹ÅªÃª¬ðÂÄÅ®Š÷ ­ª ñ)®À|µ«|ºÉ¾Ë/ªÌ½{µj·Šº
Ç ÈÓ Bɾ«|÷¬º5Ó+¶"¶ºÑiµ¸É¾®Š¶"º ¯Ãѱº"¶"µ«|ª¬Ë$º"µº"«°
Ô­Õ×ÖGØÙ
ÚÖ$Ý:Ë
UV ¾—
(
iþ
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙÌÚx$ÝJá
î ·Šº&X@ɾ¹Å¹˜V µÉ¾÷¬÷¬Ä»®Š÷À|ÁÃÀQµºË-°
ÒÎ Á'^ºöÇÈ«|ªöÁþDÌÓ ÃÓ(¯ î V)+¯ î R5ÇÈÀ@ɾ®Š­-¶ª¬´®Âµjº­<ÎÒÁ¤½¿ª¬´«+ÇÈÓ¾U (]@Uëþ@¡óô¶¸·Êɾ®Š®º¹
((²,U…Àj¶É̹ź«|À° î ·Šº4Uóô¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ)ÉÌ«jº+«|ºÉ¾­¤ª¾´µÈñ)Äúµ·^ºöÇÈ«|ªöÁ<þDDË ´Š¹úµÄúóô·ŠÄ»µJ¶"ª¬Ë$˪¬®ÃóûÀ|µjª¬Ñ
ÃÓ(¯ î VI¯ î R5ÇÈÀ°
$ÝIÛtÝ
â~¶}¸|¸IÕ|¹&½×o¶}Ù_Ù
$ÝIÛtÝÅ
²´³Ú¢×o½1ÙÌÖ}Ú ×
î ñUª¶"ª¬¹Å¹»ÄÅËÉ̵ª¬«|ÀÀ|ºÑÊɾ«jÉ̵º"­CÎÒÁµûñȪÀ|ñUººÑÄÅ®Š÷Ëɾ÷¾®Šº"µjÀañUº«|º+ъ¹Åɾ¶º"­Ä»®$µj·Šº@γºÉÌË óô¹ÅÄÅ®º
γº"µûñUºº"® µj·Šº¤«ÉÌ­ŠÄ§É̵jª¬« ÉÌ®Š­3µ·ŠºCµÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµ° î ·ŠºÀ|º¶ª¬¹»¹ÅÄÅËÉ̵jª¬«jÀ(ñUº«jº´ŠÀ|º­…µª¶"´µµ·ŠºCµÉ¾ÄŹ»À
ªÌ½@µj·ŠºÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬® γºÉÌË
° î ·Šº-αª¾«jº­ŠÄ§ÉÌ˺õµº«ªÌ½@µj·Šº'dŠ«jÀ|µ$¶"ª¬¹Å¹»ÄÅËÉ̵ª¬«5ñÈɾÀ!i°7@þË$ËWUµ·Šº
­Ä§É¾Ë$º"µjº«(ª¾½’µj·ŠºÀ|º¶"ª¬®Š­GñÈɾÀþ Di7° Ë$Ë
° î ·ºÑŠ´Š«|ѱª¾ÀjºªÌ½Èµ·ºÀ|ñUºº"ѱº"« Ëɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÀ5ñ’ɾÀ µª
γº®­µ·ºÈ¶¸·Êɾ«|÷¬º­­ŠºÎŠ«|ÄÅÀMъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"º­ ÎÒÁ5µ·ºaµÉ¾ÄŹ»ÀMªÌ½µ·ºÈъ·ŠªÌµª¬®Î±ºÉ¾Ë2ÄŮҵº"«É¾¶õµÄ»®Š÷ñ)Äúµ· µ·Šº
ѐ«jÄÅËɾ«QÁ¶"ª¬¹Å¹»ÄÅËÉ̵ª¾«MËÉ̵jº«jÄÅɾ¹ŠÉñÈÉÁ ½¿«jª¬Ë µ·Šº)γºÉ¾ËyÉ¡ùiÄÅÀ"° î ·Šº)Àjº"¶ª¬®­¶¹»ºÉ¾®Â´ŠÑ ¶"ª¬¹Å¹»ÄÅËÉ̵ª¬«
·º¹Åѳº­«|ºË$ª ò¾º ɾ®ÒÁ«jºËɾĻ®ŠÄÅ®Š÷ÎÊɾ¶¸ðÂ÷¬«jª¾´Š®Š­™°
î ·ŠºÇ ^Ó(¯µÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµXñ’ÉÌÀ)Éþ ËË ¹Åª¬®÷ K k2° @ Ë$Ë ­ŠÄÅɾË$º"µº"«’¹ÅĻﴊÄÅ­C·ÒÁ튫|ª¬÷¬º®¶"º¹Å¹ °
î ·º(¶º¹»¹8ñÈɾ¹Å¹»À’ñȺ"«jº þ D Ñ ñ7µ·ÄŶ¸ð²-ÁùÅɾ«° î ·Šº(ò¾ª¬¹Å´ŠË$ºIª¾½Mµ·ºIµ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µXñÈɾÀ)ÿ¬ÿaDi°2À[ñ = H°
î ·º$µÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµ ÄÅÀ5·Šª¬´ŠÀ|º­9Ä»®eÉ-òÌɾ¶´´ŠË[¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º«5ñ)·Šª¬À|º$ñÈɾ¹»¹ÅÀ ɾ«jº ½¿ª¬«|˺"­½¿«|ª¬Ë Éþ¬°x¤Ë$Ë
µj·ŠÄŶ¸ð¶É¾«|᪬®Ãó<dÊγº«(µ´Î±ºñ)·Šª¬À|º­Šº"®ŠÀjÄúµûÁÄÅÀ5ɾ㪬´µ$þ¬°2@ k ž][°ñ H °$Ó Àj¶¸·Šº"ËÉ¡µÄŶ ­ŠÄÅɾ÷¬«jɾËWª¾½
µj·Šº(µ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µÉÌ®Š­-ɾÀjÀ|ºË Ί¹úÁ¤ÄÅÀXÀ|·Šªöñ)®Ä»p
® dŠ÷¬´Š«jrº i7° Di°
Counts
é
x 10 2
7000
è
6000
ç
5000
æ
4000
å
3000
ä
2000
1000
ã
0ã
ã
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.25
ê
2.5
Eë γ (GeV)
Ø®Šº"«j÷¾ÁÀ|ѱº"¶"µ«|´ŠË/ª¾½Mµ·Šº5Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®Òµ)ъ·ŠªÌµª¬®ŠÀ"° î ·ŠÄÅÀ)·ŠÄ»À|µª¾÷¬«É¾ËSñ’ÉÌÀ
´ŠÀjº"­ÉÌÀ)µj·Šº5ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®-º®Šº"«j÷¾Á¤À|ª¬´Š«|¶º5½¿ª¬«’µ·Šº5ºõò¬º®Òµ@÷¬º®º«É¡µª¬«"°
Ô­Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
ÚÖ$Ýì
U
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙ
ÚÖ$ÝGí
î ·Šº(µ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µ¶"º¹Å¹8´ŠÀjº"­ÄÅ®¤µj·Šº© þÓ2ºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®Òµ°
Ìÿ
$ÝIÛtÝ:Ë
²´³ÚÖÙ?×5½‹ÙoןÚe¶´ØqØÇ×ÚaÙ
$ÝIÛtÝá
²´³ÚÖ¹Š½‹Õ|Øî×o¶}ÙEØqÙ
$ÝIÛtÝì
ïÙÌÕ­ð’×Xâ´³€½†¹Ö·¶ÚaÙ]Ù
î ·Šº$À|µÉ¾«|µ5¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«Ä»À5É-À|º"µ ª¾½Uµ·Š«|ºº ÄÅ®Š­ºÑ³º®Š­Šº"®Òµ‡Ë˃µ·ŠÄ»¶¸ðVXÇÈÿ-À|¶ÄŮҵjÄŹŹÅÉ̵ª¾«jÀÆ
ºÉ¾¶¸·…ɾ«|«É¾®Š÷¾º­9µª¶"ªöò¬º«µûñUªÉ¾­_pjɾ¶"º®Òµ Àjº"¶"µjª¬«jÀ"° î ·Šº¤À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ5½¿ª¬«jË$º­9É<·ŠºõùÉ¾÷¬ª¾®Êɾ¹
¶"ª¬®Šº
ý ®ª¬Àjº$«jº"÷¬ÄŪ¬t® Iɾ®Š­ŽÉ-·ŠºùÉ¾÷¬ª¬®ÊÉ̹ µ´ŠÎ³º
ý ¹Åº"÷
«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬®}°Ó À|ð¾º"µj¶¸·9ª¾½Uª¬®Šº$ª¾½aµ·Šº µ·Š«|ºº
­º"µº"¶"µjª¬«jÀÄ»ÀÀj·ª ñ)®…Ä»è
® dÊ÷¬´Š«|p
º i2° ° î ·ŠºC­ÄÅÀ|µÉ¾®Š¶"º¤ª¾½)¶¹»ª¬Àjº"À|µ ɾѐъ«jªÒÉ̶¸·3αºõµûñȺ"º®…µ·ŠºC¹»º÷
«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬®ŠÀUɾ®Š­$µ·Šº@αºÉ¾Ë ¹ÅÄÅ®ºÄ»ÀÈÉÌъъ«jªùiÄÅËÉ̵jº¹»ÁCþ¬þ+¶"Ë
° î ·º+Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«|ÀJɾ«jº@αº"®Òµ’ÄÅ®$µ·Š«|ºº
ѐ¹§É¾¶"ºÀ5Àj´Š¶¸·Žµ·ÊÉ̵(µj·Šè
º ¿|®Šª¬À|™º À«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬®¶ªöò¬º"«jÀ­Šªöñ)®Žµªµ·!º D]Õɾ®Š÷¾¹Åº ñ)Ä»µj·Ž«|ºÀ|ѱº"¶"µ µªµ·Šº
γºÉÌË ¹ÅÄ»®ŠºI½¿«jª¬Ë µj·Šº5¶º"®Âµjº«@ª¾½JÇ ^Ó(¯³° î ·ºÀjº¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ@ɾ«|ºÄ»®Âµjº®Š­º­
µjªÑ«jªöòÃÄÅ­ŠºÉ$À|ÄÅ÷¬®ŠÉ¾¹
ý¿ÄÅ®C¶"ª¬_® p|´Š®¶"µÄ»ª¬®¤ñ)Ä»µj·Cµ·ŠºIµjÄÅË$ºõóûªÌ½§<ó wÊÄ»÷¬·ÒµU¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ XªÌ½É ·ŠÉ¾­Š«jª¾®ŠÄŶIºõò¬º"®ÂµÄ»®-Ç BÓI¯¤É¾®Š­¤µª
¹»ÄÅ®Šð µ·ÄÅÀXº"ò¾º®Òµ+ñ)Äúµ·-É·ŠÄ»µ)Ä»®¤µ·Šº(µ¸ÉÌ÷¬÷¬º«"° ʪ¬«’Ë$ª¬«jº(Ä»®½¿ª¬«jËÉ̵jÄŪ¬®™ÆÃÀjº"Pº ”•Ì–ç°
î ·ŠºËɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÄ»¶!dʺ¹»­3½¿ª¬«$Ç^Ó(¯3ÄÅÀ ъ«|ªöòiÄ»­Šº­ ÎÒÁ3ÀjÄ ù…Àj´Ñ±º"«j¶ª¾®Š­Š´Š¶õµÄÅ®÷ŽËɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÀ¶"ª¬®ió
ÀQµ«|´Š¶"µjº­ÎÒÁy@ùý¿ª¬«|­<ÄÅ®ŠÀQµ«|´ŠËº"®ÒµÀ° î ·Šº Ëɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÀ+ɾ«jºÑŠ¹§É¾¶"º­É¡µz@eÕ@ÄŮҵº"«|òÌɾ¹ÅÀ@ɾ㪬´µ@µ·Šº
γºÉÌ˹ÅÄ»®Šº ɾ®Š­Gɾ«j«jɾ®Š÷¬º"­ŽÀ|ª
µ·ŠÉ̵5µ·Šºdʺ¹»­ŽÄ»À ɾъъ«|ªöùiÄ»ËÉ̵jº¹úÁµª¾«jª¬Ä»­Êɾ¹ç° î ·ºËÉ¡ùiÄÅË ´ŠË
Ä»®Òµº®ÀjÄ»µûÁeª¾½Èµ·ŠºËɾ÷¾®Šº"µjÄŶ dʺ¹»­GÄÅÀɾ㪬´‡µ î ºÀj¹Åɐ°WUaÉ̶¸·3Ëɾ÷¾®Šº"µÄÅÀɾαª¾´µ`ðxË&·ÄÅ÷¬·
ÉÌ®ŠT
­ ËWñ)Ä»­Šº Bµ·ºÀ|·Êɾѳº$Ä»À(Àj·Šªöñ)®ŽÄÅ
® dÊ÷¬´Š«|º ð7k° î ·ºÑ³ª¬¹§ÉÌ«jÄ»µûÁ
ÄÅÀ(À|´Š¶¸·Gµj·ÊÉ̵5®Šº"÷ÒÉ̵Äúò¬º
ъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»ºÀ{αº"®Š­µªöñ’ÉÌ«j­ŠÀص·º’αºÉ¾Ë É ùÄ»ÀØɾ®Š­ ѳª¬ÀjÄúµÄúò¬º’ÑÊÉÌ«|µÄ»¶¹»ºÀγº®­ÉñÈÉÁ ½¿«jª¬Ë൷ºXαºÉ¾Ë
É ùÄ»À° î ·Šº+Ëɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÄ»¶ dʺ¹»­­ŠªÃºÀJ®ŠªÌµÈÉÌъъ«jº"¶ÄÅɾΊ¹»Á ¶¸·Êɾ®Š÷¬º)µ·º+É …"ÄÅË ´iµ·Êɾ¹ŠÉ¾®Š÷¬¹»ºÀJª¾½™ÑŠÉ¾«|µjÄŶ¹»º
µj«ŽÉ p|º"¶"µjª¬«jÄ»ºšÀ ”吙þ – °
î ·Šº+­Š«jÄú½¢µ’¶¸·ÊɾËαº"«jÀXɾ«|ºI¶ª¾Ëѳª¬Àjº"­Cª¾½Bº"ÄÅ÷¬·Òµº"º®¤¶¸·ÊÉÌË Î±º"«jÀX­ŠÄúòÃÄÅ­Šº"­CÄŮҵªµ·Š«|ººI«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬®ŠÀ
ý Ï þ¾Æ’Ïliƒɾ®­‹Ïl ÉÌ®Š­‚¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µjÄÅ®Š÷Žª¾½zÃÆ»þÿe¶"º¹Å¹»À°±UJɾ¶¸·‚«jº÷¾ÄŪ¬® ÄÅÀ$­ŠÄ»òÃÄ»­Šº­ ÄŮҵªeµûñȪ
À|´ŠÑ³º«j¹ÅÉÁ¬º«|À¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µjÄÅ®Š÷ª¾½ŠÀ|Äúù5¹ÅÉÁ¬º«|Àª¾½·ŠºõùÉ¾÷¾ª¬®Êɾ¹Â­Š«|Ä»½¢µB¶º"¹Å¹»ÀÈý dÊ÷¬´Š«|ºÃ°»þõ° Q ®ºÉ̶¸·«jº"÷¬ÄŪ¾®™Æ
µj·Šº ñ)ÄÅ«jº"ÀÄ»®Gª¬®ºÀ|´ŠÑ±º"«j¹ÅÉöÁ¾º«Cý¿µ·Ü
º ¿jÉ ùÄÅɾ¹ À¹ÅÉöÁ¾º« ɾ«|ºÉÌ«j«ÉÌ®Š÷¬º­GÉ¡ùiħɾ¹»¹»Á
ñ)Ä»µ·e«jº"Àjѳº¶õµ µª
µj·Šº)ËÉÌ÷¬®Šº"µjÄŶ dʺ"¹Å­É¾®Š­$µ·Šº)ñ)ÄÅ«|ºÀJÄÅ® µ·Šº)À|º¶ª¾®Š­C«jº"÷¬ÄŪ¾®ý¢µ·Š!º ¿|ÀQµº«|ºª À¹§ÉÁ¬º"«vØɾ«|ºª¾«jÄź"®Òµº­
É¡µÉ
É @ Õ ÀQµº"«jºªÉÌ®Š÷¬¹Åº$ñ)Ä»µj·9«jº"Àjѳº¶"µµjª<µ·Šº«É¾­ŠÄÅɾ¹J­ŠÄÅ«|º¶õµÄŪ¾®™° î ·ŠºC«|º÷¬Ä»ª¬Z
® ÉÌ®ŠZ
­ <­Š«jÄú½¢µ
¶¸·ŠÉ¾Ë γº«jÀȺɾ¶¸·¤¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µXªÌ½J
þ Àjº"®ŠÀjºóôñ)Ä»«jº(¹§ÉÁ¾º«j)À Š­Š´Šº@µª À|ÑÊɾ¶º(¶"ª¬®ŠÀQµ«ÉÌÄŮҵÀ"Ɗ«jº"÷¬ÄŪ¬®
þ(­Š«jÄú½¢µ
¶¸·ŠÉ¾Ë γº«jÀ¶ª¬®ÀjÄÅÀQµ ª¾½5þ ¹§ÉÁ¾º«jÀ"É
° UJɾ¶¸·9¶"º¹»¹U¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µjÀ ª¾½XÀ|ÄúÓ
ù ¿‚dʺ"¹Å‹­ À-ñ)ÄÅ«jº"ÀÀ|´Š«j«|ª¬´Š®Š­ŠÄ»®Š÷É
À|ÄÅ®Š÷¾¹ÅW
º ¿|Àjº"®ŠÀj)º Àñ)ÄÅ«|º¾° î ·ŠºÀjº"®ŠÀjºñ)Ä»«jº"À@ñUº«j‡º Ñ Ë/­ŠÄ§É¾Ë$º"µjº«)÷¬ª¬¹»­ióûѐ¹§É̵jº­¤µ´Š®÷¬À|µjº$® ³µ·Šº
dŠº¹Å­$ñ)ÄÅ«|ºÀUñUº«|º þÿ
Ë ­ŠÄ§ÉÌ˺õµº«a÷¬ª¬¹»­ióûѐ¹§É̵jº­É¾¹Å´ŠË$ÄŮ´ŠË-° î ·Šlº dʺ"¹Å­ñ)Ä»«jº"ÀUñUº«jº+·Šº¹»­¤É̵
Ñ
·ÄÅ÷¬·Cò¾ª¬¹»µÉ¾÷¬º¾°
º dʹ»¹Åº­ ñ)Ä»µ· Ɏ÷ÒɾÀCË$Äúùõ´«jºªÌš½ k Ó+«Æ5þ ­Ç y J ° ÇÈ·Êɾ«|÷¬º­
î ·Šº¶¸·ŠÉ¾Ë γº«jÀñȺ"«jÉ
ъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»ºÀ^µ«jÉò¬º«|ÀjÄ»®Š÷5Ç ^Ó(¯Ä»ª¬®ŠÄ …"ºØµ·ŠºU÷ÒɾÀ ÉÌÀMµj·Šº"ÁÑÊɾÀ|À{µ·«jª¬´Š÷¾·™° î ·ŠºÈ¹ÅÄÅγº«jÉ̵º"­º"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®ŠÀ
­«jÄ»½¢µ^µjªöñ’ɾ«|­ŠÀBµ·ŠºaÀjº"®ŠÀjºañ)ÄÅ«jº"À° î ·ŠºÈÀ|º®ŠÀ|ºUñ)Ä»«jºÀB®ŠºÉ¾«jº"À|µMµª@Éъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»"º É À^µ«oÉ p|º¶"µjª¬«|Á5«|º÷¬Ä»À|µjº«
¿Q·ŠÄ»µj9À À¤É¾¹»ª¬®Š÷µj·Šºµj«ŽÉ p|º"¶"µª¾«|Á¬° î ·Šº µjÄÅË$ºÄ»µ@µ¸É¾ð̺ÀI½¿ª¬«@µ·Šºº"¹Åº¶õµ«|ª¬®ŠÀ+µjª¤­Š«jÄú½¢µ+µªCµj·ŠºÀjº"®ŠÀjº
ñ)Ä»«jº"À¶ÉÌ®9αº´ŠÀjº"­9µª<­º"µº"«jË$ÄÅ®Šº$µ·Šº­Š«jÄú½¢µ­ÄÅÀ|µÉ¾®Š¶"ºÎ³º"µûñUºº®3µj·ŠºCÀjº"®ŠÀjºCñ)Ä»«jº"À ɾ®Š­Žµ·Šº
ъɾ«|µjÄŶ¹»"º É Àص«oÉ p|º¶"µjª¬«|Á ÎÒÁ$´ŠÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷É­Š«|Ä»½¢µØµjÄÅË$ºõóôµjªÌóû­«jÄ»½¢µ­ŠÄÅÀQµ¸É¾®¶º)½¿´Š®Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®8° ¼ ɾ«QµÄ»¶¹Åº"ÀUъɾÀjÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷
µj·Š«jª¾´Š÷¬·-«jº÷¾ÄŪ¬W
® $ºùiѱº"«jÄź"®Š¶º5µ·º¹Åɾ«j÷¬º"À|µËɾ÷¬®ŠºõµÄŶ dŠº¹Å­8° î ·Šº ½¿«jÄÅ®÷¬º dʺ¹»­ŠÀÄÅ®-«jº÷¾ÄŪ¬®ŠÀ5þ
¯Ãð¾º"µj¶¸·ª¾½{ª¬®Šº5ª¾½Mµ·º5µj·Š«jº"ºÀQµ¸É¾«Qµ)¶ª¬´®Âµjº«Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹§É¡µª¬«|À
À|·Šªöñ)ÄÅ®Š÷ µ·º |À ´ŠÑŠÑ³ª¬«|µÀQµ«j´¶"µ´«jºÀ"ƕ¹ÅÄÅ÷¾·Âµ’÷¬´ŠÄÅ­ºÀɾ®Š­ÑŠ·ŠªÌµª¾µj´ŠÎ±º"À°
Ô­Õ×Ö´ØÄÙ
Úx^Ýñ
i¯ ¶¸·Šº"ËÉ̵jÄŶ(òÃÄźõñ몾½Mµ·Šº5À|Äúù¤À|´ŠÑ³º«j¶"ª¬®Š­Š´¶"µÄ»®Š÷µjª¬«jª¾ÄÅ­Êɾ¹
ËÉÌ÷¬®Šº"µjÀXÀj·Šªöñ)Ä»®Š÷$µj·Šº ɾъъ«|ªùÄ»ËÉ¡µºIÀ|·Êɾѳº ªÌ½µ·º ¶"ª¬ÄŹ»À°
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙÌÚx$ÝJò
@
ÌÉ ®Š­p ɾ«jºIò¾º«|ÁC¹Åªöñ5°aÇȪ¬®ŠÀ|ºï´Šº®Òµj¹»Á¬Æ•Ë$ª¬À|µ’ª¾½Bµ·Šº5ÄÅ®i½¿ª¬«jËÉ̵Ļª¬®É¾Î±ª¾´µXµ·Šº(¶¸·ŠÉ¾«j÷¬º5ÉÌ®Š­¤µ·Šº
Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë ª¾½É¶¸·Êɾ«j÷¾º­-ÑÊɾ«|µjÄŶ"¹ÅºIµ«jÉò¬º«|ÀjÄ»®Š÷CÇ^ÓI¯¶"ª¬Ëº"ÀX½¿«jª¬Ë ·ŠÄ»µjÀXÄÅ®-Ϻ"÷¬ÄŪ¾®,ð
î ·Šº$­Š«|Ä»½¢µ ¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º« ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»À5ɾ«jº ¶É¾ÑÊɾ¶"Ä»µÄúò¬º"¹»Á­Šº"¶ª¬´ÑŠ¹Åº"­Ž½¿«jª¾Ëµ·Šº$·ŠÄÅ÷¾·ò¾ª¬¹»µÉ¾÷¬º$ɾ®Š­
µj·Šº®ÉÌËъ¹»Ä†dʺ"­<ɾ®­­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵jº­™° î ·Šº «jº"Àj´Š¹úµÄ»®Š÷Cъ´Š¹»Àjº"À+½¿«jª¬ËƒÑÊɾĻ«jÀ@ª¾½Øñ)ÄÅ«|ºÀ(ɾ«|º Ë ´Š¹ ó
µjÄÅъ¹»ºõùiº­<µjª¬÷¬ºõµ·Šº"«° î ·Šº$Ë ´Š¹úµÄÅѐ¹Åºõùiº"­<­Š«jÄú½¢µ5¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º«(À|ÄÅ÷¬®ŠÉ¾¹ÅÀ(ÉÌ«jº «jºÉ¾­ª¬´µ(ñ)Ä»µj\
· BºÇÈ«jªöÁ
þ DD¶ª¾ËË$ª¬®¤À|µjª¬Ñ-Ë ´Š¹»µjÄúóô·ŠÄ»+
µ iÓI¯ î V)I¯ î R5ÇÈÀ°
î ·Šº ­Šº"ÀjÄ»÷¬®÷¬ªÒɾ¹»ÀI½¿ª¬« þ©5°º (4¤Ì¶ÑÊÉÌ«|µÄ»¶¹»ºÀIñUº«jº ´ž°îó510xɾ®Š­ §6ü ¬Eó]¤Ë$«ÉÌ­™°
î ·ºÉò¬º«jɾ÷¬ºeɾ®Š÷¾´Š¹§É¾«$«jº"Àjª¬¹»´µÄ»ª¬®è­Šºõµº"«jË$ÄÅ®Šº"­è½¿«jª¬Ë ó À|µj´Š­ŠÄź"À¤ª¾½5º¹»º¶õµ«jª¾ó ®ióûъó «|ª¾µª¾®èº¹ÅɾÀ|µjÄŶ
À|¶É̵|µº"«jÄÅ®÷ñÈɾ&À 3 þ Ë$«ÉÌ$­ Mµj·Šº ˪¾Ëº"®Âµj´ŠËW«|ºÀ|ª¬¹Å´µjÄŪ¬® ó ´ž°ñÈɾÀÉÌ᪬´iµ þ"‚ó i7° C°$¯iÄ»®Š¶º
γª¾µj·9µ·Šºº¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®…ɾ®Š­3µ·ŠºÑŠ«|ª¾µª¾®9µ«É̶¸ðÃÀ$¶ª¾®Âµj«jĻΊ´µºCµjª<µ·Šºº"«j«jª¾«Æؽ¿ª¬«ÉÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹»ºµ«jɾ¶¸ð
µj·Šº5ɾ®Š÷¾´Š¹§É¾«È«jºÀ|ª¬¹Å´iµÄŪ¾®É¾®Š­Ñ±º"«j¶"º®Òµ+Ë$ª¬Ë$º®Òµ´Ë º"«j«jª¾«@ÉÌ«jº(ºõùiѳº¶õµº­-µª γº(¶¹Åª¾Àjº«’µjªµ·Šº
­ºÀjÄ»÷¬®÷¬ªÒɾ<¹ ”•i°þ – °
$ÝIÛtÝGí
²&Õ­¹èÚeô‚¶}ð­ô‚õAÕIÖ}³Ç×Xö
ÚÕ­ØÇ×
Õ­¸|¸O½×o¶}Ù_Ù
$ÝIÛtÝñ
÷¸×ÚÚ"×َ¶Ç¹&½‹Ö}ØÄÚ ×
Õ­Úøâ~½†¸O¶´ÙÌÕ­¹èÚ ×ÚaÙ_Ù
î ·Šº î Ļ˺óûª¾½§¡ó wÊÄÅ÷¾·ÂµÀ|ÁÃÀQµºË ¶"ª¬Ë$ъ«jÄ»ÀjºÀ ÉÀ|·Šº¹»¹’ª¾½l¾ÿaÉV’Çaóûÿ<À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ"ƶDѳº«
À|º¶õµª¬«"ƙº®Š¶"¹Åª¬À|ÄÅ®Š÷µ·Šº­Š«|Ä»½¢µ+¶¸·ÊÉ¾Ë Î³º«|À(ɾ®Š­¶¸·Šº"«jº®ð¾ªöò¶ª¾´Š®Òµº«|À° î ·ŠºÀj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹§É¡µª¬«|À¶"ªöò¬º«
É5«ÉÌ®Š÷¬ºÄÅ®µj·Šº"µÉγº"µûñUºº"®p Õ ­Šªöñ)®ŠÀQµ«jºÉ¾Ë ª¾½™µj·Šº@µÉ¾«j÷¬ºõµUµjªþÿa Õ ´ÑŠÀ|µj«jºÉÌËSªÌ½™µ·Šºµ¸É¾«|÷¬º"µ°
UJɾ¶¸·-Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«ÈÄÅB
À i2° ¶Ë µj·ŠÄŶ¸}ð ʵ·ŠºõÁ¤òÌɾ«|Á¤Ä»®¹Åº®÷¾µ·-αºõµûñȺ"º®¶"Ë/ÄÅ®¤µ·ººùiµj«jº"˺
­ª ñ)®À|µ«|ºÉ¾Ë ­ŠÄÅ«|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®Cµjªaÿ ¶"Ë ½¿ª¬«X¹Åɾ«j÷¬º"«’ɾ®÷¬¹Åº"À° Q ®¤µ·Šº(½¿ª¬«Qñ’ÉÌ«j­É¾®Š÷¾¹Åº ý¿´ŠÑ¤µª$ɾ㪬´µ
ÿ Õ ^µ·ŠºUÀj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀBÉÌ«jº
þ @¶Ë2ñ)Ä»­Šº ¾½¿ª¾«Mµj·ŠºÈ¹Åɾ«j÷¬º"«Mɾ®Š÷¬¹»ºÀ{µj·ŠºUñ)Ä»­µ·Àɾ«|­º )¶Ë-ƾºù¶"ºÑµ
½¿ª¾«µ·ºò¬º"«|Á9Ίɾ¶¸ð9ɾ®÷¬¹Åº¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ"ÆØñ)·ŠÄŶ¸· ɾ«|º¤É¾÷ÒɾĻ®‚
þ -¶ËEñ)Ä»­Šº¾° î ·ºCñ)ÄÅ­µj·9ª¾½ºÉ¾¶¸·
À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«UÀ|´ŠÎµjº®Š­ŠÀ@ɾ㪬´µ5þ¬7° "Õ)ÄÅ®Cµj·Šº5¹§É¾Î-ɾ®Š÷¾¹Åº(ɾ®­-µj·Šº(¹Åº"®Š÷¾µ·¶"ª ò¾º«|À@µ·º5É …Ä»Ë ´µ·ŠÉ¾¹
«jɾ®Š÷¬º’½¿«|ª¬Ë ?ó keÕ µ&ª keÕØ«|º¹§É¡µÄ»ò¾º’µª(µ·º¶"º®Òµº"«UªÌ½8ºÉ¾¶¸·À|º¶"µjª¬«°ØÓ@ÀaÉ5¶"ª¬À|µQóû¶"´µjµjÄÅ®Š÷5Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº
µj·Šº<¹ÅɾÀ|µºÄÅ÷¾·Âµjºº"®‹¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ¤Ä»®‚µ·ºÎÊɾ¶¸ð ɾ®Š÷¬¹»ºÀñUº«|ºÑÊɾÀjÀ|Ä»ò¾º¹»Á ÷Òɾ®÷¬º­èµjª¬÷¬º"µj·Šº«ÄŮҵª
®ÄÅ®Šº ÑÊɾĻ«jÀl° VȺ"¶É¾´ŠÀ|º ª¾½ µj·ŠÄÅÀ@ÑÊɾĻ«jÄÅ®÷ŠÆʺɾ¶¸·À|º¶õµª¬«@¶ª¬Ë$ъ«jÄ»Àjº"À+ÿ $º¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®ŠÄ»¶¶¸·ÊÉÌ®Š®Šº¹»À+ѳº«
À|ÄÅ­ŠºÌ° î ·Šº ɾ®Êɾ¹»ª¬÷ À|ÄÅ÷¬®ÊÉ̹ÅÀXɾ«|ºI«jºÉ¾­-ª¬´µXÎÒp
Á ^ºöÇÈ«|ªöÁþ þöN
² iÓ(¯ î V)I¯¤Ó R5ÇÈÀXµªÑ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº
ѐ´Š¹ÅÀ|º·ºÄÅ÷¾·ÂµaË$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"˺"®ÒµÀ° î ·º+ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»À ½¿ª¬«JºÉ¾¶¸·¶¸·Êɾ®Š®º¹±É¾«jºɾ¹»Àjª5­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«|ÄÅË$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̵jº­ ´ŠÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷
^ºÇÈ«jªö
Á iþ 5ÇÈÓ(²
ÓÇ ¹ÅºÉÌ­ŠÄÅ®Š÷¡óûº­÷¬ºÈ­ŠÄ»Àj¶"«jÄÅË$ÄÅ®ŠÉ̵ª¬«|À{µjª(ъ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº’µjÄÅË$ÄÅ®Š÷@ÄÅ®½¿ª¾«jËÉ̵Ļª¬®µj·ÊÉ̵
Ä»À­ŠÄ»÷¬Ä»µjÄ …"º­ ·Á ^ºöÇÈ«jªöÁþ DÌÓ)óûË$ªi­Ãó¸þ ÃÃÓ(¯ î V)+¯ î R5ÇÈÀ° î ·º)Éöò¾º«jɾ÷¬ºÈµjÄÅË$ºÈ«jº"Àjª¬¹»´µÄ»ª¬®
½¿ª¾«º¹»º¶õµ«jª¾®ŠÀ ÄÅÀÈþ @+ъ)À Ò½¿ª¬«ÑŠÄ»ª¬®ŠÀ½¿«|ª¬Ë º¹Åº"¶"µj«jª¬®ióôъÄŪ¾® ¶ª¬Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®¶ºÀ"Ƭµ·ŠºÈ«jºÀ|ª¬¹Å´iµÄŪ¾® «É¾®÷¬ºÀ
γº"µûñUºº"®G
þ E ѐÀÄ»®¤µ·Šº(½¿ª¬«Qñ’ɾ«|­ÉÌ®Š÷¬¹Åº@µ!ª š¡ó?E ъÀ)ÄÅ®¤µ·Šº5ÎÊÉ̶¸ð¤É¾®Š÷¬¹»ºrÀ ”å
– °
UJɾ¶¸·3À|º¶"µjª¬«ª¾½@
Ç ^Ó(¯GÄ»À¶"ª ò¾º«|º­ ÎÂÁ9É
ñUº­Š÷¬º"­ióûÀ|·Êɾѳº­ ÀɾË$ъ¹»ÄÅ®Š÷-¶É¾¹»ª¬«jĻ˺õµº"«¶"ª¬®ió
|À ÄÅÀQµÄÅ®÷ª¾½Yk¹ÅºÉ¾­ióôÀj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«’¹ÅÉöÁ¾º«|À+¶ª¾Ëъ«|ÄÅÀ|ÄÅ®Š÷$ÀjÄ ùiµjºº"®«É¾­ŠÄÅÉ̵Ļª¬®¹Åº"®Š÷¾µ·À+ª¾½ØËÉ̵jº«jÄÅɾ¹ç°
UJɾ¶¸·¶É¾¹Åª¾«jÄÅË$º"µjº«)Àj´Îµº"®Š­ŠÀ ɾ®É¾®÷¬´Š¹§ÉÌ«@«jɾ®Š÷¬º γº"µûñUºº"®\eÕ(ɾ®Š­<ÿ"ÕIÄÅ®,§»¼‹½Ø° î ·ºÀj¶Ä»®ió
µjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀaÄÅ®ºÉ̶¸·¹§ÉÁ¾º«ɾ«jº þ¶"Ë µ·ŠÄ»¶¸ð}Šµ·Šº ÄŮҵº"«j¹»ºÉòÃÄÅ®Š÷¹»ºÉ¾­Àj·ºº"µjÀIɾ«|ºši°7 Ë$Ë µj·ŠÄŶ¸ð•°
UJɾ¶¸·3À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«5¹§ÉÁ¬º"« ÄÅÀ ­Ä»òÃÄÅ­Šº"­9ÄŮҵj/
ª @ÑÊɾ­­Š¹Åº"Àɾ«j«jɾ®Š÷¬º"­3ÑÊɾ«jɾ¹Å¹»º¹ØµªÉ<À|ÄÅ­ŠºCªÌ½Xµ·Šº
ñUº­÷¬º@Ä»® ª¬®Šº)ª¾½8µj·Š«jº"º)ª¬«jÄ»º®Òµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬®À™ý ¿QòÃÄźõñ)9À Àa¶° UJɾ¶¸·¹ÅÉÁ¬º?« É Àaª¬«|Äź®ÒµÉ̵Ļª¬® É̽¢µº"«Øµ·Š­º dÊ«|À|µUÄÅÀ
«|ª¾µ¸É¡µº­e
þ "Õ)ñ)Äúµ·-«jºÀ|ѱº"¶"µ@µª µ·Šº5ъ«|º"òÃÄŪ¬´À@¹ÅÉöÁ¾º«"° î ·Šº µ·Š«|ºº5òiÄ»º"ñ)À)½¿ª¬«jËWþ $¹ÅÉÁ¬º«|™À ¢aµ·Šº
dŠ«jÀ|+
µ dŠò¬º5ª¾½Bµ·ºÀjº5¹ÅÉöÁ¾º«|ÀX¶ª¬Ë$ъ«jÄ»Àjºµ·Š'
º ¿|Ä»®Š®Šº"9« ÀÀ|µÉ¾¶¸ð¤É¾®­Cµ·Šº(«|ºËɾÄÅ®ŠÄ»®Š÷º"ÄÅ÷¬·ÒµX¶"ª¬Ë$ъ«jÄ»Àjº
D
)Ï ºÑ«jºÀ|º®Òµ¸É¡µÄ»ò¾º òÃÄ»º"ñëªÌ½ÑÊÉÌ«|µª¾½{«jº÷¾ÄŪ¬®p
À|·Šªöñ)ÄÅ®Š÷É µ«É̶¸ðCÑÊɾÀ|ÀjÄÅ®÷$µj·Š«jª¬´÷¬·¤µ·Šº5­Š«|Ä»½¢µ)¶¸·ÊɾËαº"«jÀ°
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙÌÚx$ÝÛù
µj·Šº®¿Qª¬´µº"«9À<ÀQµ¸É¾¶¸ð•°Êª¬« ºÉ̶¸·3À|µ¸É̶¸ð³Æ µj·Šº¹»ÄÅ÷¬·Òµ ½¿«jª¬Ë É̹ŹJª¾½Xµ·º @À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀ(Ä»®9ºÉ¾¶¸·
òÃÄ»º"ñ ɾ«|º«jºÉ¾­<ª¬´iµIÎÒÁ
ÉÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹Åº ъ·ŠªÌµª¬Ë ´¹»µÄ»ÑŠ¹ÅÄ»º«Èµj´ŠÎ³º¾° î ·º ъ·Šª¾µjª¬Ë ´Š¹úµÄ»ÑŠ¹ÅÄ»º«Èµj´ŠÎ±º"À+ñUº«jº
ɶ"ª¬Ë ΊĻ®ÊÉ̵Ļª¬®Cª¾A½ Ua² Q kkÌÿ ɾ®Š­ ¼ ·ŠÄŹ»¹ÅÄÅѐÀú ¼ E@ ¼ ² î À”å–ç°
^ÄÅË$Ä»µjº­¤¹Åɾ«j÷¬ºóqɾ®÷¬¹Åº@¶ªöò¬º"«É¾÷¬º ÄÅÀXѐ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº"­ÎÒÁCµ·º&Bɾ«|÷¬º(Ó+®Š÷¾¹ÅºÇ’ɾ¹Åª¾«jÄÅË$º"µjº«|À’ÄÅ®Àjº"¶õó
µjª¬«jÀ+ª¬®ŠºÉ¾®­<µûñȪŠ° î ·Šº¶É¾¹Åª¾«jÄÅË$º"µjº«|À+Àj´Îµº"®Š­¹§É¾ÎÉÌ®Š÷¬¹Åº"ÀIγº"µûñUºº®eÿa Õ ÉÌ®Š­\D Õ Ä»®§ ©2ª‚« °
¯ÃÄÅË$ÄŹ§ÉÌ«aÄ»®¤­ŠºÀ|ÄÅ÷¬®¤µjª µj·ŠºI½¿ª¬«Qñ’ɾ«|­¶É¾¹»ª¬«jĻ˺õµº«|ÀÆõ·Šº(¹Åɾ«j÷¬ºIɾ®Š÷¬¹»ºI¶É¾¹»ª¬«jĻ˺õµº"«jÀ’¶"ª¬Ëѐ«jÄÅÀ|º­
¹ÅÉÁ¬º«|ÀªÌ½þ¬7° ¶Ë µ·ÄŶ¸ð U)þ¾þ ¾Ó7ъ¹§ÉÌÀ|µÄ»¶¤Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹§É¡µª¬«ÄŮҵº"«j¹ÅºÉò¬º­ ñ)Ä»µjC
· ËË&µ·ŠÄ»¶¸ð
¹»ºÉ¾­8¦
° UJɾ¶¸· ¹ÅÉöÁ¾º«¤Ä»Àª¬«|Äź®ÒµÉ̵º"­lÉ¡µ¤«jÄ»÷¬·Òµ¤É¾®Š÷¾¹ÅºÀñ)Ä»µ·‹«|ºÀ|ѱº"¶"µµª9µj·Šº<ъ«|º"òÃÄŪ¬´À¤¹§ÉÁ¬º"«°
î ·ºÀj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«|À(ɾ«|ºÀjº"ÑÊɾ«jÉ̵º"­9ÄŮҵª-µûñȪ3ý ÄÅ®®Šº« ɾ®Š­Gª¬´µº"v« (¹§ÉÁ¬º"«jÀ"° Q ®GºÉ¾¶¸·9¹ÅÉÁ¬º«"ÆØɾ¹»¹
µj·Šº À|¶ÄŮҵjÄŹŹÅÉ̵ª¾«jÀ)ñ)Ä»µ·µj·ŠºÀɾË$º ª¬«|Äź"®ÂµÉ̵Ļª¬®<Ί´iµ É̵(­ŠˆÄ _8º"«jº®Òµ5­ŠÄ»À|µÉ¾®Š¶º"ÀI½¿«jª¬Ë7µ·ºÎ±ºÉ¾Ë
¹»ÄÅ®ŠºÉ¾«|º÷¬«|ª¬´ŠÑ³º­<µª¾÷¬º"µj·Šº«@ÄŮҵZ
ª ¿QÀ|µ¸É̶¸ðÏÀ À‹™µ·º ¹ÅÄ»÷¬·Òµ@½¿«|ª¬Ë7ºÉ¾¶¸·Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«XÄ»®ÉÀQµ¸É¾¶¸ð
ÄÅÀ
µj«É¾®Àjѳª¬«|µjº­¤òÃħɹÅÄ»÷¬·ÒµX÷¬´ŠÄ»­ŠºÀXµª$ÉÀjÄ»®Š÷¬¹»4º UU² Q kk¾ÿ ÌÓ2ъ·Šª¾µjª¬Ë ´Š¹úµÄ»ÑŠ¹ÅÄ»º«Jµ´ŠÎ³º¾°
Ó@À ½¿ª¬« µ·Šº î Ļ˺óûª¾½§¡ó wÊÄÅ÷¬·Òµ{¶ª¬´®Âµjº«|ÀÆÃъ´Š¹ÅÀ|ºX·ŠºÄ»÷¬·ÒµJÄÅ®½¿ª¾«jËÉ̵Ļª¬®Ä»ÀØъ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº"­ ÎÂ`Á BºÇÈ«jªöÁ
þ þ œ
² iÓI¯ î V)I¯¾Ó R5ÇÈÀ’ɾ®­µÄ»ËÄ»®Š÷5ÄÅ®½¿ª¾«jËÉ̵Ļª¬®ÄÅÀaª¬ÎµÉ¾ÄÅ®Šº"­½¿«|ª¬Ë ´ŠÀjÄ»®Š‡÷ ^ºÇÈ«jªö!Á þ ÇÈÓI²
ÓÇl­ŠÄ»Àj¶"«jÄÅË$ÄÅ®ŠÉ̵ª¬«|ÀU½¿º"º­ŠÄ»®Še÷ BºÇÈ«jªöÁþ DÌÓóô˪íió¸þ &ÃÓ(¯ î V)+¯ î R5ÇÈÀ"°
$ÝIÛtÝò
ïf¶£û“ØqÙ?×Ù
Ú½†¹
üÄÚ ýÕ­ÚÚÙ
® wÊ´iùÄÅÀ(Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­ŽÎÒÁÉÀjºõµªÌ½Uµj·Š«jº"º$­º"µº"¶"µjª¬«jÀ)¢5µj·Šº ¼ ɾĻ« ¯iѳº¶"µj«jª¬Ë$º"µjº«
î ·Šº ъ·ª¾µª¬/
ý ¼ ¯‹õƊµj·Šº ¼ ɾĻ«+ÇȪ¾´Š®Òµº«ý ¼ ǭƱÉÌ®Š­-µj·Šº î ªÌµ¸É¾¹^Ó@ΊÀjª¬«|ѐµÄ»ª¬®¯i·ŠªöñȺ"«IÇȪ¾´Š®Òµº«ý î Ó(¯Ç­õƕÄÅ®
ª¾«j­Šº"«@ª¾½Jѳª¬À|Ä»µÄ»ª¬®
ɾ¹Åª¬®÷$µj·Šº γºÉ¾Ë7­ŠÄ»«jº¶õµÄ»ª¬®™°)ÓyÀ|¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵Ļ¶­ŠÄÅɾ÷¬«jÉ¾Ë ª¾½Øµj·ŠºÀ|º ­Šº"òÃÄ»¶ºÀ+ÄÅÀ
À|·Šªöñ)®
Ä»®dÊ÷¬´Š«|º&ð»þ¬þ¾°
î ·Šº ÑÊɾĻ«)Àjѳº¶"µj«jª¬Ë$º"µjº«¶ª¬®ÀjÄÅÀQµÀª¾½JÉ ¶ª¬®Òò¾º«|µjº«"Æ™É ­ŠÄÅѳª¬¹Åº(Ëɾ÷¬®º"µÆ•ÉÌ®Š­<É ÀjºõµIª¾½{½¿ª¬´Š«
À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«(ÑÊɾ­Š­¹ÅºÀª¬®3ºÉ̶¸·3ÀjÄÅ­ºª¾½Xµj·ŠºCγºÉ¾Ë ¹ÅÄ»®Šº¾°
Ó À|Ëɾ¹»¹Ø½¿«É¾¶õµÄŪ¾®Gª¾½Xµj·ŠºC®Â´ŠË γº«
ªÌ½+ъ·ª¾µª¬®À$µj·ÊÉ̵$«jºÉ¾¶¸· µj·Šº­Šªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉÌË ­º"òÃÄŶ"ºÀCÉÌ«jº¶ª¬®Òò¾º«|µjº­èÄ»®Òµª M " M = ъɾÄÅ«|À$ÎÒÁ É
¶"ª¬®Òò¬º"«|µº"«° î ·Šº-¶ª¬®Òò¬º"«|µjº«j?À Éaµj·ŠÄŶ¸ð®Šº"ÀjÀ|ºÀñUº«|ºŽþ Eª¬e« EªÌ½Iɫɾ­Ä§É̵jÄŪ¬®9¹»º®Š÷̵·™° î ·Šº
þ ¶ª¬®Òò¬º"«|µjº«+ñÈɾÀ+÷¾º®Šº"«É¾¹»¹»Á´ŠÀ|º­™° î ·Šºº"¹Åº"¶"µ«|ª¬®ŠÀ+ɾ®Š­Ñ³ª¬À|Ä»µ«|ª¬®ŠÀ@ɾ«jº À|ñUºÑiµ(ÄÅ®
ª¬ÑŠÑ³ª¬ÀjÄúµº
­ÄÅ«jº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀÈÎÂÁ¤µj·Šº5ËÉÌ÷¬®Šº"µÉÌ®Š­­ŠºÑ³ª¬ÀjÄúµº®Šº"«j÷¾Á¤Ä»®¤µ·Šº5Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹ÅÉ̵ª¬«|À°
î ·ŠºÑÊɾÄÅ«5¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"« ÄÅÀÉъ·ŠªÌµª¬®ióôαºÉ¾Ë[Ë$ª¬®ŠÄ»µjª¬«jÄ»®Š÷­Šº"òÃÄ»¶ºC¶"ª¬®ŠÀjÄ»À|µjÄÅ®Š÷
ª¾½)É-ò¾º"µjªÀj¶Ä»®ió
µjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«È½¿ª¬¹»¹ÅªöñȺ"­ÎÒÁɵ·ŠÄ»®¹»ºÉ¾­<¶"ª¬®Òò¬º"«|µº"«Æ^ÉÌ®Šª¾µ·º«@µj·ŠÄÅ®Àj¶Ä»®ÒµÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«Æ•ÉÌ®Š­ÉÀ|º"µ(ªÌ½Ø½¿ª¬´Š«
ъɾ«|µjħɾ¹»¹»Áeªöò¬º«|¹§É¾ÑÑŠÄÅ®Š÷À|¶ÄŮҵjÄŹŹÅÉ̵ª¾«jÀè
° Uعź¶õµ«|ª¬®ióûѳª¬À|Ä»µ«|ª¬®…ÑÊɾĻ«jÀ ɾ«|º¤¶«jºÉ̵º"­‚ÎÒÁ3µ·º-ѐ·ŠªÌó
µjª¬®Î³ºÉÌ˃ÀQµ«|ÄÅðÂÄÅ®Š÷ µ·º¹ÅºÉ¾­À|·ŠººõµIñ)Ä»µj·<ɾ®)º b$¶Ä»º®Š¶õÁª¾½Øɾαª¾´µþ¾x° C°@ÇȪ¬Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®Š¶"ºÀ+ɾ«jº
Ë$ºÉÌÀj´Š«|º­Î³º"µûñUºº®µ·º Àj¶"ÄŮҵĻ¹Å¹§É¡µª¬«)®ŠºÉ¾«jº"À|µIµjªCµ·Šº ¶"ª¬®Òò¬º"«|µº"« ɾ®Š­µj·Šº ½¿ª¬´Š«@ª ò¾º«|¹§É¾ÑŠÑÄÅ®Š÷
À|¶Ä»®ÂµjÄŹ»¹§É̵jª¬«jÀUαº"·ŠÄÅ®Š­Äúµ°
î ·Šº)µªÌµ¸É¾¹³É¾ÎŠÀ|ª¬«jÑiµÄŪ¾®¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«Iý î ÓI¯Š­Ç aÄ»ÀUÉ5Àjºõµ’ª¾½±½¿ª¬´Š«J¹ÅºÉ¾­ióô÷¬¹§É¾À|ÀJΊ¹ÅªÃ¶¸ðÂÀÈɾ«|«É¾®÷¬º­$ÄÅ®
ɵûñȪÌóôÎÒÁÂóçµûñȪɾ«|«ÉÁµjªIñ)·ŠÄŶ¸·½¿ª¬´« ъ·Šª¾µjªÌóûË´Š¹»µjÄÅъ¹»Äź«|ÀBɾ«jº)É¡µjµ¸É̶¸·Šº­™°Ó ¼ ·ŠÄŹ»¹ÅÄÅѐqÀ ú ¼ ÿ 
þ V
ѐ·Šª¾µªÌµ´ŠÎ³º ÄÅÀ É̵jµÉ¾¶¸·Šº"­Gµª-ª¬®Šº$º®Š­Žª¾½XºÉ¾¶¸·GΊ¹»ªi¶¸ð•°CÓ ^ºöÇÈ«|ªöÁ þ þ ² Ó R5Ç~Ä»À5´ŠÀjº"­Gµª
Ë$ºÉÌÀj´Š«|ºÈµ·ŠºÈº®Šº"«j÷¾Á½¿ª¬«ºÉ¾¶¸· Ί¹ÅªÃ¶¸ð•þ° @®¹ÅÄÅð̺Uµj·Šº’ÑÊɾĻ«¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«Jɾ®Š­ µ·º’ÑÊɾĻ«Àjѳº¶õµ«|ª¬Ëºõµº"«Æ
µj·Šº )º b$¶Ä»º®Š¶õÁª¾½µ·Šº î ÓI¯ŠÇø½¿ª¬«@­º"µº"¶"µjÄÅ®Š÷Cѐ·Šª¾µª¾®ŠÀ+Ä»À+ɾ¹»Ëª¾À|µ5þ ¤Æ³ÎŠ´µ+Ä»µ¶ÉÌ®<ª¬®Š¹úÁαº
ª¾Ñ±º"«É̵jº­-ÄÅ®¹ÅªöñlÄŮҵº"®ŠÀjÄúµûÁαºÉ¾ËÀ ý þ )†;õ°U¯iѳº¶"ħɾ¹^®Šª¾«jËɾ¹Å†Ä …É̵jÄŪ¬®«j´Š®ŠÀ@ɾ«|º «|ºï´ŠÄ»«jº­
µjª ¶É¾¹»ÄÅΊ«jÉ̵ºIµj·ŠºÑŠÉ¾ÄÅ«XÀ|ѱº"¶"µ«|ª¬Ë$º"µº"«ɾ®Š­
µj·Šº5ÑÊɾĻ«¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«ñ)Äúµ·«jº"Àjѳº¶õµ+µª µ·º5µjª¾µ¸É̹BɾÎió
À|ª¬«jÑiµÄŪ¾®¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«JÀjª(µ·ŠÉ̵ص·Šº)ъ·ª¾µª¬`® wÊ´Ãù ËÉÁαºXË$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­­´Š«jÄ»®Š÷(ъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÄ»ª¬® «j´Š®Š®ÄÅ®Š÷
É¡µ)·ŠÄÅ÷¬·º«XγºÉ¾Ë Ä»®Òµº®ÀjÄ»µûÁý¿µûÁÃъÄŶɾ¹Å¹úÁ Ó®ŠÓ õ°
k
Ô­ÕIÖ´ØÙ
ÚÖ$ÝIÛ´Û
¯ið¾ºõµ¶¸·<ªÌ½{µj·Šº5­Šªöñ)®ŠÀ|µj«jºÉÌË/­Šº"òÃÄŶ"ºÀ)³®ª¾µ­Š«Éñ)®µª Àj¶É¾¹ÅºÌ°
ʪ¬´Š«ÇÈÓU ( @/U þ@ óû¶¸·Êɾ®®Šº¹+((²,UyÀ|¶É¾¹»º«jÀñUº«|º-´Àjº­…µª¶"ª¬´Š®Òµ$¶ª¬Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®Š¶"ºÀ
γº"µûñUºº"®Žµj·Šº­ª ñ)®À|µ«|ºÉ¾Ë[­º"òÃÄŶ"ºÀɾ®Š­µ·ŠºP@þ î óû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ° î ·ŠºdÊ«jÀQµÀ|¶É¾¹»º«5Àj¶É¾¹Åº"­Ž¶"ªÌó
Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®¶ºÀ¤Î³º"µûñUºº"®?µj·Šºº"ò¾º® î óû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ-ɾ®Š­‹µ·ºÑÊɾÄÅ«¶ª¬´®Âµjº«"° î ·ŠºÀjº"¶ª¬®­lÀ|¶É¾¹»º«
À|¶É¾¹»º­¶ª¾ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Š¶º"À γº"µûñUºº"®Žµj·Šº ªi­Š­ î óô¶ª¬´Š®Òµjº«jÀ ɾ®­µj·Šº ÑÊɾĻ«IÀjѳº¶õµ«jª¾Ëºõµº«"°RI´Š«jÄ»®Š÷
®ª¬«jËɾ¹Å†Ä …É̵jÄŪ¬®¤«|´Š®ŠÀ"Ʊµ·ºµ·ÄÅ«j­É¾®Š­½¿ª¾´Š«|µj·<Àj¶É¾¹Åº"«jÀ+À|¶É¾¹»º­<¶"ª¬ÄÅ®¶ÄÅ­º®Š¶"ºÀIγº"µûñUºº"®µj·ŠºµjªÌó
µÉ¾¹)ɾΊÀ|ª¬«jÑiµÄŪ¾® ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«ÉÌ®Š­èɾ¹»­¹ @þ-ª¾½+µj·Šº î óû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ° RI´«jÄÅ®÷eѐ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶"µjÄŪ¬®…«|´Š®ŠÀÆUµ·Šº
µj·ŠÄÅ«|­ Àj¶É̹ź«J¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"­¤É¾¶¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Òµ¸É¾¹•¶ª¾ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Š¶º"ÀUγº"µûñUºº"®µ·ŠºªÃ­Š­ î óô¶ª¬´®Âµjº«|À’ɾ®Š­$µ·Šº)ÑÊÉÌÄÅ«
À|ѱº"¶"µj«jª¬Ë$º"µjº«ÈÀ|ÄÅ÷¬®ŠÉ¾¹8ÉÌ®Š­µ·º@½¿ª¬´Š«Qµ·C¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"­-ɾ¶¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®ÂµÉ¾¹³¶ª¬Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®Š¶"ºÀ’γº"µûñUºº"®¤µ·ŠºIºõò¬º"®
î óô¶ª¬´®Âµjº«|Àɾ®­eµj·ŠºÑŠÉ¾ÄÅ«(¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«À|ÄÅ÷¬®ÊÉ̹çe° ʪ¬«(ъ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶õµÄ»ª¬®Ž«|´Š®ŠÀ"Æ{ÑÊÉÌÄÅ«(Àjѳº¶õµ«|ª¬Ëºõµº"v« ¤ î ó
¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"« ¶ª¾ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Š¶º"ÀØɾ«jºUª¬®Š¹úÁ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"­ ½¿ª¬«·ŠÉ¾¹»½Šµj·ŠºUµÉ¾÷¬÷¬º"«{½¿ªÃ¶É¾¹Ãъ¹Åɾ®Šº¾° î ·Šº’­ÄÅÀ|µj«jĻΊ´µÄ»ª¬®
Ä»À5ɾÀjÀ|´ŠË$º­µª-αº ÀjË$ªÃª¾µ·Š¹úÁ
òÌɾ«QÁÃÄÅ®Š÷Àjªµ·ŠÉ̵5µ·Šº ´Š®ŠË$ºÉÌÀj´Š«|º­G¶"ª¬ÄÅ®¶ÄÅ­º®Š¶"ºÀ ¶É¾®eαº Ä»®ió
µjº«|ѱª¬¹ÅÉ̵º"­C½¿«jª¬Ë µ·Šº5Ë$ºÉ¾À|´Š«jº"­
ª¬®ºÀ°
$Z `•O‚Y.qB`±qM_?qMˆ8‰`ÊRUT(OQˆ^
ʪ¬«ÑŠ·Šª¾µjª¬®ióûγºÉÌË «|´Š®Š®ŠÄ»®Š÷ŠÆXµ·ºµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«½¿ª¬««jºÉ¾­ŠÄÅ®÷9ª¬´µCµj·ŠºÃÓ(¯ î V)+¯‚¶«jÉ̵º"À¤ÄÅÀ
ѐ«jªöòÃÄÅ­Šº"­9ÎÒÁGÉ-¶ª¬Ä»®Š¶Ä»­Šº®¶ºÎ³º"µûñUºº"®3µ·ŠºC¯Ãµ¸É¾«QµÇȪ¾´Š®Òµº«"Æ µ·Šº î ÉÌ÷¬÷¬º« ²É¾ÀQµº«‡y(Ï ÆMɾ®Š­
µj·Šº î ÄÅË$ºõóôª¾½§<ó wÊÄ»÷¬·ÒµÈ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ"°
mæ<m
½†Ù?×ÚÙ5ô
$Ý$ÝIÛ
²½‹Ö}Ö}ÚaÙXÿ
$Ý$Ý
šÙÌÚÙ5Úe½‹¸Õ­ØÄÖ
$Ý$ÝÅ
öÇ×o½‹Ùo×fâ´¶´ØqØÇ×Úaٓ×ÙEÕ×Ö}Ö}ÚÙ
ʪ¬«5ºÉ̶¸· î óû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«ÆÉ
¶ª¾ÄÅ®Š¶"ÄÅ­Šº"®Š¶º$αºõµûñȺ"º®Gµj·Šº$¹Åº"½¢µÉ¾®­G«jÄ»÷¬·Òµ ÀjÄÅ÷¾®Êɾ¹ÅÀ5ÉÌ®Š­Gª¬®ºª¾½
µj·Šº-Àjº"µª¾½+¶ª¬«|«jºÀ|ѱª¾®Š­ŠÄÅ®÷ÜUóû¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀÄ»À «jºï´ŠÄ»«jº"­™° î ·Šº«|ºÀ|´Š¹»µjÄÅ®Š÷ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»À½¿«jª¬Ë É̹ŹÃ@þ
® y(Ï É ­µª¾÷¬º"µj·Šº«"° ÄÅ÷¬´«jºši°úþ
ÄÅÀ)ÉÀj¶¸·ºËÉ̵Ļ¶ ­Ä§É¾÷¬«jɾËSª¾½{µj·Šº5¹Åª¬÷¾ÄŶ¾°
î óô¶ª¬´®Âµjº«|À+ɾ«|ºIµ·Šº"É
Q ® µ·Šº-º®Šº"«j÷¾Á…«jɾ®Š÷¬º-ª¾½@µ·Šºµ¸É¾÷¾÷¬º­ ъ·Šª¾µjª¬®‚γºÉÌË ý°7 ó‚ð ÿŽ©(º)(4´ŠÀ|º­‚Ä»® µj·Šº© þ
ºùiѱº"«jÄÅË$º®ÒµÆiµ·ºµjª¾µ¸É¾¹±¶«|ª¬ÀjÀXÀ|º¶"µjÄŪ¬®Ä»À’®Šª¾µwÊÉ̵¢ µj·Šº(¹§É¾«|÷¬º«U¶«|ª¬ÀjÀ)Àjº"¶"µjÄŪ¬®ŠÀ)ÉÌ«jº+½¿ª¬«Uµ·Šº
¹»ªöñȺ"«IαºÉ¾ËWº"®Šº«|÷¬Äź"À$×ý dÊ÷¾´Š«jº ð»þ õr° •´«|µ·º«jË$ª¬«|º¾Æ8µj·ŠºÎŠ«jº"ËÀ|À|µj«É¾·Š¹»´Š®Š÷¤À|ѱº"¶"µ«|´ŠËÄúµÀjº"¹»½
·ŠÉ¾À É-À|µ«|ª¬®Š÷9þ žŸ­ C­ŠºÑ³º®­Šº®Š¶"ºe×ý dÊ÷¾´Š«jº i°»þaÿ õ°
²
ª¬ÀQµª¾½’µj·ŠºÑ·ÂÁÃÀ|ÄŶÀª¾½XÄŮҵjº«jº"À|µ¶ª¬Ë$ºÀ
½¿«|ª¬Ë7µ·Šº·ŠÄ»÷¬·Šº"«(º®Šº"«j÷¾Áѐ·Šª¾µª¾®ŠÀ&° RI´Šº µª¹ÅÄ»ËÄúµ¸É̵jÄŪ¬®ÀXÄÅ®<µ·º$­ŠÉ̵¸É¤É¾¶"ﴊÄÅÀ|Ä»µÄ»ª¬®<ÀQÁiÀQµº"Ë
Æ
µj·Šº5¹ÅªöñUº«)º®Šº"«j÷¾ÁCÑÊɾ«|µª¾½Mµ·º À|ѱº"¶"µj«j´ŠË ñÈɾÀъ«jº"Àj¶É̹ź­
ÄÅ®ª¬«|­Šº«’µjªËɾð¾º(µj·Šº5º"ò¬º"®Òµ+«jÉ̵º
Ë$ª¬«|º$ºõò¬º"®…ɾ¶«|ª¬ÀjÀµj·Šºº"®Šº«|÷¾Áe«É¾®÷¬º¾° î ·ŠºCѐ·Šª¾µª¾®Gº®º«j÷ÌÁGÀ|ѱº"¶"µ«|´ŠË ñ’ɾÀ­ŠÄ»òÃÄ»­Šº­ŽÄŮҵª
½¿ª¾´Š«Øº®Šº"«j÷¾Á «jº÷¾ÄŪ¬®ŠÀ"° î ɾΊ¹»Bº i°»þ)À|´ŠËËɾ«|Ä …º"À µ·Šº)º"®Šº«|÷¾Á«jº"÷¬ÄŪ¾®ŠÀJɾ®Š­ µ·Šº)ъ«|ºÀ|¶É¾¹»º’½ ɾ¶"µjª¬«jÀ
ÉÌъъ¹ÅÄ»º­Cµjª µj·Šº(µ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«’ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»À°
î ·Šº)À|ÄÅ÷¬®ÊÉ̹ÅÀ{½¿«|ª¬ËyºÉ¾¶¸·$ÀjÄÅ­ºXª¾½±É5ъɾ­Š­Š¹»º)ɾ«jº)ɾ¶õµÄúò¬º¹úÁ À|´ŠËË$º­´ÀjÄÅ®÷É ¼ ·ŠÄ»¹Å¹»ÄÅъÀ ²
ªi­º¹
D¡ÿl•É¾®Ãó Q ®}¤yI´µ° î ·ºÈ«jº"Àj´Š¹úµÄ»ÀB­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵jº­5ÎÒÁÉ ¼ ·ŠÄŹ»¹ÅÄÅѐÀÄD î «|ÄúóûË$ªÃ­ŠºØ­ŠÄÅÀ|¶«|ÄÅË$ÄÅ®ÊÉ̵jª¬«°
^ª¬÷¾ÄŶ5ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»À)½¿«|ª¬Ë/ºÉ̶¸·<ÑÊɾĻ«@ÉÌ«jº&y5ÏÉ º­µjª¬÷¬º"µj·Šº«)µªÑŠ«jªöòÃÄÅ­ºµ·ºÀQµ¸É¾«Qµ+¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«+µ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«
À|ÄÅ÷¬®ŠÉ¾¹ç°{Ó À|¶¸·ŠºËÉ̵jÄŶ5­ŠÄ§ÉÌ÷¬«É¾ËSª¾½Mµ·Šº5¶"ÄÅ«j¶"´ŠÄ»µ)Ä»ÀXÀj·Šªöñ)®
ÄÅ® dÊ÷¬´«jrº i°ú
þ i°
$Ý$Ý:Ë
²
Ô
µ
ÙÌÚ ×ÙÌÕ×Ö}Ö´ÚaÙh·t¶¯½‹Ù_ü,Ù
î ·ŠºUµÄÅË$ºõóôª¾½§<ó wŠÄÅ÷¬·ÒµMъ«jºõµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«Î³ªÒɾ«|­ŠÀъ«|ªöòiÄ»­Šº’Ä»®ŠÑŠ´µjÀµª+µj·Šº­^º"ò¾º¹™þ î «|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«º"¹Åº¶õµ«|ª¬®ió
Ä»¶À"° î ·ŠºCъ«|º"µj«jÄÅ÷¾÷¬º«Î±ªÒÉÌ«j­ŠÀ ­ÄÅÀj¶"«jÄ»ËÄ»®ÊÉ̵ºµj·Šº¤É¾®ÊÉ̹Ū¬÷¬´ºÀj´ËEª¾½)À|ÄÅ÷¬®ŠÉ¾¹ÅÀ5½¿«jª¬ËEɾ­_pjÉ̶º®Òµ
ъɾÄÅ«|À^ª¾½Š¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀ° î ·Šºa«jºÀ|´Š¹»µjÄÅ®Š÷)À|ÄÅ÷¬®ÊÉ̹ÒÄÅÀ^­ŠÄ»Àj¶«|ÄÅË$ÄÅ®ÊÉ¡µº­Iµjª@ѐ«jªÃ­Š´Š¶ºUÉ)ÀjªÌóô¶É¾¹»¹Åº­'¿Q­Šª¬´ŠÎŠ¹»º™À
¹»ª¬÷¬Ä»¶@À|ÄÅ÷¬®ÊÉ̹ç°4¿9RIª¾´ŠÎŠ¹Åº)À ÀjÄ»÷¬®Êɾ¹»ÀȽ¿«jª¾Ë ɾ­Žpjɾ¶º"®Âµ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«jÀɾ«jºzy5ÏÉ º­¤µª¬÷¾º"µ·º«’µª ъ«|ªi­´Š¶º
¿qµ«jĻъ¹Å)º À ¹Åª¾÷¬ÄŶ@ÀjÄÅ÷¾®Êɾ¹ÅÀ"¶
° ʪ¬«’ºÉ¾¶¸·
À|º¶õµª¬«"Ɗµ·Šº5ÄÅ®ÑŠ´µXµª µj·Šº(µ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«’¶ª¾®ŠÀjÄ»À|µÀXªÌ½{µj·Šº5ÀjÄúùõjºº®
J®º«j÷ÌÁ«É¾®Š÷¾º î ûó ¶"ª¬´Š®Òµº"«)«É¾®Š÷¾º ¼ «jº"Àj¶É̹ź(½ ɾ¶"µjª¬«
°7¡ó?°2k
þõó¸þ@
þ
°x ?ó °2
þ Döó‚k
°7¡?ó °7
ûó ÿa
ÿ
°7 ?ó °2
ÿ@ ?ó @þ
U
²½‹·,¸IÚx^ÝIÛ
î ɾ÷¬÷¾º«Xµ«|ÄÅ÷¬÷¬º"«’ÑŠ«|ºÀj¶É¾¹Åº5«jɾ®Š÷¬º"À°
!#"$&%"')()*#),+)-.#
)(/()*0#*1"2(/()*)34%5*16)%+)7489$:;*;+/34"2<:=
T61
61 T-counters
T1
E384
Analog
Switch
C. F.
Disc
C. F.
Disc
C. F.
Disc
C. F.
Disc
Disc
Disc
Analog
Switch
E1
384 E-counters
Disc
Analog
Switch
E2
E-T
Mapping
Logic
Module
Prescale
Gate
LeCroy
FASTBUS
1877 TDC
Stop
LeCroy
FASTBUS
1872 A
TDC
Master
OR
To
CLAS
Trigger
Analog
output
From
CLAS
Level 1
Trigger
þ
>@?
A B4DCFEG#+)#)9H:*;+/<1<I<1:;"2+/3J=KB4D<1L)%:%M*1(/"$+/3N"2<#4D*1(/"$+/3
:+PO)*1%MQ@RN;S)(/()*0-T+/* ? =VUW&YXZ"23:"2%:3F8:92::#*1+/3GQ[)\=^]_"2(/74*;S+)7*1;<1RG+!`8"$3L)*1%M74a)4*=
dσ/dEγ (barns/GeV)
>/>
f
160
g
140
120
100
d80
c60
40
20
b0 b
0.5
b0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.25
e
2.5
Eγ (GeV)
T[
PhHFi BDQ*;:<1<1#*;)9$73(<;jY#*;74
k@lm)kFn0o !<8-T734:#"$+/3G+)-.#&j+!#+/3G34*;(!R no =
>)p
PhHqr s!;"2&%"'!(/*#),+)-.#&<t)*tI:+/73@#:*#*;"$(/(/:*92::;*;+/3"$<:=
>U
u %+/7Q9$vwj79$<;<8-T*;+)x#&yL*;<tz<1"|{#:3M:+/73@#:*;<S!3%M<1"|{#:3 u #*;"$j92:<;vwj79$<;<8-T*;+)x#
*1)"234"23(}+/743F;*1<}~tP€P p@‚@ƒ =„B†…8"2%4;‡+)-L#<1"2(/3)92<.j*;+%7:%Q@Rˆ;B}‰S]Mj*1:#*1"2(/()*
Q+@)*1%<…0!<ŠŒ‹/‹‡3<:=0BD#*1<;4+/92%<8…†*;ˆ<;YI;+ ? ‹)‹wX=LŽZ<;:a#"2D%"2)(/*#!+)-„#
j4*;:;*;"$(/(/*92::;*;+/3"$<8"2<<1+Œ…83M"$3Gy(/7*; ? =|Œ‘4=
H$H$r ’Š“N”•“N’—–˜™qš
› +/"$3"$%34<}Q:œ…†35#&)()(/*}M!<1#:*z‰S`ž<1"2(/3L!9)3%\#ˆ#)*1 › +/73@;*}+/*#
%4+P…834<1#*16)Ÿ%:O"$<!*; *1w+)#¡œ+)3F;*;+/9$9')Q492Os"2¢¢<;Y‡+)- › ŽS\Ž › 73"|#<:=BN<1#)*1
:+/73@#:*z)34%M)<t#:*tt‰S`•<;"$(/3L)9$<I!*;Dj927()(/%5"23@#+w#D#<tz"$3j74;<I+)-_œ…+N£ › *;+ŒR p/p  >
9$6)%4"23(!¤%()¥%"$<;*1"2w"23L#+/*1<=_B4"2<<;:*1O)<8œ…+j7*1j[+)<;<:¦z~§ ƒ "|*;:(/3:*#!;<#4D<1"2(/3)92<:¨
…84"2¢L6O)Q[:3¢%4(/*;)%%M+PO)*¥;Š)Q9$ˆ9$3();M3:%:%¢#+ *16)5# › ŽS5Ž › 92+)(/"2!©
~ ?/ƒ #4h…8"$%4#4<5+)-D#4ª9$+/(/"2Mj792<1<G6!3«3+Œ…¬Q­+/3@#*1+/929$%®"$3%j34%3@#9|R®-T*;+/ #
:92::#*1+/3"$<;L!8j*1+s%74%G#4S+/*;"$(/"23L!9[<1"2(/3L!92<=_B&<1!*18+)73@#*;*;"2()(/*†<;"2()3L)9J…8"$%4#
…)<z<1:z;+¢PU34<©J;¢‰S`Z;*;"$(/(/*}<;"$(/3L)9…8"2%s#M…)<z<1:z;+G¯°€3<:=&±z"')(/*;)w<}+!-²#
› Žz5Ž › 9$+/(/"2¥)*;&<1+Œ…83M"23NyL()7*;:< ? =$P€‡)34% ? =| ‚ =
H$H$³ ´^Fµ–z5¶6!T™™
s"$(/3L)9$<‡-T*;+/·#45#"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2()Fj*;Y#*;"$(/(/:*Q+@)*1%<aj*1+ŒOs"$%M"$3j74;<;+ª#4¢£:O)9
;*;"$(/(/*zº >!p!» =KB4&£YO/:9²SL)*;%s…0)*1S+/wjL)*1<0;S"23j474jL!1#:*;3 #+‡;zjL!1#:*;3G92+@!%%
"$3@#+5;N£:O)9I :+)*1Rh92++/¼F7j½#)Q9$<!3%¾9'#:<Š#w#*1"2(/(/:*ˆ<1"2(/3)9†"|-8M!#½"2<
-T+)73%H=„Bww+/*1R&9$+s+)¼74jŠ+74*;<_"$3ˆ;*;:0<1#)(/<:=¿BKyL*;<t²<1#)(/)j<#4j*1:#*1"2(/()*
<1"2(/3)92<†"23 )5<1Y#+/*0;+-T+/7*0"$3F;*1:%"'!;¥Q"|#<:=²B"2<8)9$92+Œ…8<†-T+)*#z;*;"$(/(/*K#+‡"$39$7%
<17Qs¤*#)3()<w+)-¥;5<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*)*1*#6RÀ"23Á6!Â<;::;+/*=ÃB45"$3F;*1:%"'!;GQ"$;<!*;G<;:3F
+)35#4Š<;:+/34%<1!(/Šww+/*1R@¤92++/¼F7jH¨…8"$¢¼F<S:+/Q"$3L!#"$+/3<8+)-²;Š"$3F;*1:%"'!;
Q4"$#<)929$% u <1:;+/*8:O)3@#<1v=]_"$3L)929|R/¨ u <;::;+/*IYO/:3F;<;vN!*;&+/*1*;:9'!;%G"23N#4D;"2*1%\<t)())=
B4)()(/*§œ<1#)*1_+/743F;*²:+/"23:"2%:3<;"2()3L)93@#:*;<^£:O)9H!<1R3*1+/3+/7<19$R_#4#"$*;%
<t)())=¿B8#*1"2(/()*¿<1"2(/3L!9L"2<¿#43aj)<;<1%a+)3w;+&;}B„*1"2(/(/:*Ks7j*tOs"$<;+/*:¨@…8"2w(/34*##<
;&(@!;<8)3%\"23@;*;*17j4;<8-T+)*0#SX&5Ä®)3%\]sŽzsB8Å0ÆzGL)*1%4…0!*;)=
Ç0ȹÉ
Ê Ë_ÍË,ÎÐÏÑIÒSÓ§ÔÓ¤ÍÓtՆÖ
Ì
ŽÌ<;:a!;"2z%4"')(/*;)°+)-;¥%L):×F7"2<1"$#"$+/3a<tR<1#:x"2<K<;4+P…83G"$3ayL(/7*1 ? =|ŒØ4=^±S
…†+/*1%<¥!*;D*;6!%5+/7s¥"$3\;Š]ŽSsB8ŐÆz\:*#!;<8-T+/*86)MŽz± › !3%MB8± › ¨L#*;)3<19'!;%\"23@#+
Å0‰D-T+/*1a!²!^#8-T*;+/3@K34%H¨)3%;*#)34<;j+/*1;%Os"2&-!<1†Ä¿#:*;3Y†;+Šˆs73aMÙ.¨F…84*;
;8-T*#)(/w3@;<†+)-H6) YO/:3F)*;I)<;<1Q492% )3%…8*1"$1#3+/74"23ʼn&-T+/*1a!^;+Š`8Ž¥Ú§±
!*;*#6Rw+)-.L)*1% %*1"$O/:<=†s:zL)j4;* > =|¥-T+/*0ŠQ*;"$:-%:<;:*;"2js#"2+)3 +)-.ʼn&[=4]_"23L!929$R)¨@#z%!
"$<0<;4"2jj%\):*;+/<1<}%4%"$6!;%G92"$3<0;+#ˆÛ):Ü[*1<;+/35£)QG+/wj74;*0:3@#:*¥!3%G<1#+)*;%\+/3
#)jS"23\)j&<;"29$+=
>‘
T
.P¢³ s4!#"$S%"')()*#),+)-.#S#"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2()Fj*;Y#*1"2(/(/:*09$Y#*;+)3"2:<=
>€
T[
PhHÝ s :a!;"2&%"2)(/*#!Þ+)-.#4 › Žz5Ž › 92+)(/"2
-T+/*0; › £ ŽzN;*;"$(/(/*:¦}~Ž ƒ ±z"2<;:*;"$"$3L!#+)*;<
>/‚
T
.PHß s:a#"2&%"2)(/*;)Þ+!-„; › ŽS5Ž ›
92+/(/"$¥-T+/*0; › £ŽzN;*;"$(/(/*:¦8~qÅ ƒ £+/()"2z734"$
>Ø
àtape silo
âclon00(smp)
ádd
æCED
MON
åIPC to dd
L-1
ádisk
âclon10(smp)
äER ãDD äEB
ãDD to IPC
çL-2 F.Clr./Busy/Trigger type
çL-1 Gate
àtrue logic
èROC
TS
L-2
àtrue/
false
çL-2
èROC
émem.
ádiscriminators
êpretrigger
signals
ëL-1:
ëLevel-1 Trigger
îER:
îEvent Recorder
L-2: Level-2 Trigger
DD(dd):Data Distribution
Trigger Supervisor
ìíTS:
ïIPC: ïInterProcess Control
ROC: í17 Read-Out-Controllers ðMON: íMonitor and user software
EB:
Event Builder
CED: Event Display
PHsñ s!;"2S%"2)(/*#!Þ+)-„#&%L)×F7"$<;"|#"2+)3
<1R<1;Ÿ~%"2)(/*;)Þ:+/7*t#<tRG+)-_ò&+)3<1#)3@#"23\£+/7¼)4"23 ƒ =
p‹
óô¢õŠöM÷¿øSùûú
ü øSý8þwÿ„÷²ùý÷þwÿ Nþ)÷
xõŠù²ø õŠÿ õD÷¿õ ü øý8÷þwÿ
ÉÈ
ÏՆÖzÔ͙ÒzÏJÍLӧՐÖ
B › £ŽS®*;:+/3<t#*17:;"2+/3 +%­+/3<1"2<t#<G+)-Š;+/7<;)3%<\+)-ˆ92"$3<N+)-ˆ+%­"23ÐQ+)#
L] +/*t#*;)3M!3% › =Ú¤#<I-T743:;"2+/35"2<8#+a:+/3@O/:*1z;Š*;Œ…•%!M~"|#<}*;()"2<1;*1%¢"$35Ž¥± › <z)3%
B8± › < ƒ "23@;+‡Š-T+/*; w+/*;¥7<;Y-T79J-T+/*†j@Rs<1"2:<8)3L)9|Rs<1"2<0"$3NŠj*1+s:<1<¼34+P…835)< u ++/¼F"23(/v4=
Ä^)\%Y#Y#+/*8:+/j+/3:3@I)<}:+/*;*1<1j[+/34%"23(w*;:+/34<1#*17:;"2+/3\jL)¼)())=
B0;*#)¼F"$3(z+%"$<„#40+)<1²:+/j492"2!#:%ŠjL!*1²+)-L;*;:+/34<1#*17:;"2+/3J=_Ú¤²"$<¿%"$O"$%%
"$3@#+aœ…†+5<t#:j<¦z4"$1¤QL)<1%­)3%¢;"2wYœQ)<;:%¢#*#!¼"$3(=ˆ±z7*;"$3(a;‡"$tœQL!<;%j4L)<;!¨#
%4"2(/"|#":%G"|#<8+/3M;D…8"$*;:<z)*1ˆ(/*1+/7j%5"23@#+w<;:(/:3@#<¥…8"|#"$35<1"23(/9$&<;7j*19'6R/:*;<=8B
:927<t#:*;<"$3 %"$Ü[*13@‡<;74j[:*;9'6R)*;<…8"|#"$3½#4N<#)wa<1:;+/*)*1a#:3À92"234¼)%¾;+/(/Y#:*Š#+
-T+)*; #*;)¼F<=^B"2wY¤QL)<1%;*#)¼F"$3(7<1<0#4I#"$"$3(&"234-T+)*;!#"$+/3‡-T*;+/ ;¥#"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2()F
<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*;<Š;+¾"2wj*1+PO)\;M×F7L!92"$œR¾+)-z#45#*;)¼F< Q@RÁ+/*1*;Y#"$3(½#4Mw6)<17*;:%Ã%*;"|;"2w<:=¿B&%*;"|- ;"2w<)*1S+/3@O)*1;%\#+%"2<t)34<8!3%G6)G#*;)¼a"$<*;:y4;#:%G7<;"$3(‡#
:+/*;*1Y#%\%"$<1!3:<IQ:œ…†:35#4&;*#)¼G!3%N#S…8"2*1<6º >  » =
BG+/7s#j74;<+)-I;GjL)¼)(/:<a!*;N*;:+/34<1#*17:;%Ã*1<179$QL!3¼F<<t#+/*1%Á"23¾#45Å0‰D
-T+)*;!6=5ʼn&½"2<Š¢]L+/*1;*#)3s§€/€\Q)<;:% %4R3L)w"2aww+/*tRha)3)(/w3@Š<1R<1; º > U » =¢Ž
u QL)3¼FvG"2<SN:+/929$:;"2+/3M+)-%! …†+/*;%<D!1)4%h#+\ u )%*1v5:+/3@)"$3"234(N"234-T+/*1a#"2+)3
!Q[+/7sa#4374Q[:*N+)-D*;+Œ…8<G)3%®:+/92743<a+)-D%L!ª"23Ã#4QL)3¼™¨8#QL!3¼Â"$%3@#"|yL*:¨
!3%M#4Š92+6#"2+)35+)-²;Š34Y{SQL)34¼5"$3¢:+)*1R/=}Ú¤z"$<z)j4j*;+6{s"2!#:9$RG!3L)92+)(/+/7<8#+N ›
<t#*17:;7*;D"23N#!8#&%L!#…+/*1%<}6)35Q[D‡" {N+)-.¸L+@#"234(wj+/"$3F83F7ŠQ[:*;<¨™L!*#)Y#*1<¨
!3%ˆ"$3@#()*;<:=¿±S!#"2<H#*;)3<t-T*;*1%ˆQ[Yœ…:3#4K%4:#::;+/*„j)¼)(/<O"'#:<;K*;:<;79|„Q)3¼F<=
±zY)"$92<†<;j"|yL&#+j+);+/3GQ[)x*1733"$3(‡…8"2929JQ[S:9')Q+/*##%G"$3G;S-T+/929$+Œ…8"23(<1Y#"2+)3<=
AHL ™™FaPš/˜:¶6!
.š)¶PT˜
B#)(/(/:*N*;:+/3<t#*;74:#"$+/3 jL)¼)(/ º > ‘ » *1j+/*1;<G;#"$¢+!-ˆ;hj+);+/3«N#
34+/"$3L)9„3@;*D+)-;‡)*1(/:&-T+/*&6! u (/++%vN"$&"$3­;‡-T+s)9²j92)3)=w]_"$*;<t6¨+ŒO/*t¸L+Œ…
!3%ª743%*t¸L+Œ… B8± › "|#<&"23;B¤+/743F;*1<)*1w*1w+ŒO/%½)3%h#wB8± › )33:92<ˆ)*;
:+/3@O/:*1#:%G"23@#+3)3+/<1+)3%<=KBSÄ_¤+/73@;*0#"$:<!*;z*1×F7"2*1% ;+Q[I…8"$#4"23G€)‹)‹ ? ‹/‹
B8± › L)33492<:=†B43M;DÄÃ)3%\Bž+)73@#*}"|#<8)*1D!;%5(/+/w:;*;"$6)9$9$R):+/*;%4"23(
;+SI#)Q92)3%‡*1×F7"2*1%;+zQ["23Š;"2w†…8"$;6!‡+)#:*_…8"$;"23I…8"23%4+P…Á+)- ? ‹z3<=_]_"2(/74*;
> =$}<;+Œ…8<K#}*;:9'!;"2+/3<1"2jQ:œ…†:3NB¿!3% Ä_œ:+/73@#:*†4"$#<:=¿B}#*;74¥Ä_œBÂ+/"$3"$%3:<
<1+Œ…«74j\"$3 #S<1+/92"$% QL)34%H=Ks:O)*;)9Ä_œ+)73@#*1<86)3G!#N(/:+/w:#*1"2)929|R‡…8"$#G‡<1"23(/9$
B¤+/743F;*:=BDBœ:+/73@#:*};"2w<})*;&:+/*;*1:;%\#+#D36!*;<tz`}]ÀQ7¼)Y~):92:*#!;+/*
p
: 92+¼ ƒ =_B43:*;()RŠ+)-™#0j4+)#+)3-T+/*¿6!Ä_¤+/73@;*¿#!²<;74*1O"$O)<²#74;<²"2<¿+/Qs)"$3%
-T*1+/x!3+)#4*)Q492S)<}-T*#!:#"$+/3G+)-.#&"234"2%43@89$:;*;+/3\Q6)x:3*1()R/=
AHL$ [¶ Œ¶š/˜[
![¶ŒFš/˜!:¶Œ
„š)¶Œ˜
Ő:6)74<;&+)-#S34+/392"$36!*<;)j[&+)-.)G<;():3F8+!-„;S<1#)*1:+/73@#:*¨;S<;j:%5+)9$"2(/@¥j*;+/j)(@!;"2+/3"$3h;‡!#:*;"'!9_%:j[:3%<D+/3…8:;*&#9$"2(/@S(/+<S%4"2*;::;9$RM;+N#
;7QI+/*^74<1†(/+)*1+/73%w#}Q3%a;+ˆ*16)#}#7Q)= › +)3<;:×743@#9|R/¨4;z6O/:*#)()¥+)-[#
;"2w<†!K#¥œ…†+Š;7Q[:<0"2<†3+)"23%:j[:3%:3F0+)-j+/<;"|#"2+)3H=_B"$<"$<†-T7*t#:*+)j9$"2!#:%aQ@R
;¥j+/<1<;"2Q4"292"|œR#!†œ…†+‡jL)*t#"$92:<†:+/79$% "$ˆ<1"23()92}<;():3F=K]™+)*†+/34¥L)*1(/%Nj)*1;"29$
<t#*1"2¼F"23(h+/345+)-I#G#4*;5jL)"$*;<+)-z<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*;<:¨^;\Q[:<1w#"2wG"2<%Y#*1"$3%ÁQ@RÀ#
j4792<1Yœ4"2()F^…†"$(/@#%a6O/*;)(/}+)-J;8œ…+D#7Q#< ";"2w<}~<1º > ‹ » -T+/*^+/*18"234-T+/*1a#"2+)3 ƒ =
]L+/*„#)<;…8:*;8œ…+S#*;)¼F<†j+/"$3F_#+z#4}<;)w<1!*1^+)73@#*^jL!"2*¨!#*#!¼"$3(&"2<²7<1%#+
%4:#:*;w"23S;Šj+/<;"|#"$+/35+!-¿#D"|z)34%5#4Š3)*;:<1z<1"23()92Y¹#7QS#"$&"2<}7<1%H¨[+/*1*;Y#:%
;+‡#&"|j[+)<;"$;"2+/3J=
AHL$A Š%$½eô;˜&­ô('_)[¶Pš/˜Y¶Œ
„š)¶PT˜
B}B"2wY¤+)-'¤¸"2(/@²*1+)3<1;*;7Y#"2+)3a+%}*;:j[+/*t#<^#;"2wI!3%:3*1()Rw%j+/<1"$#"$+/3‡-T+/*
)a4"$^"23#4I<1"23@;"29292!#+)*¿)*1*#6R/=¿B4I*;Œ…ÃŽz± › !3%aB8± › "$34-T+/*1a!;"2+/3ˆ-T+/*^6)<1#*17¼
<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*"23¢):O)3@&"2<I<1;+/*;:%"23M; › QL)34¼=zÄK! u "$;va+)3<;"$<1#<¥+)-Ka3F7Q*
"$%3@;"$- R"23(;&<;:"23@#"$929'#+/*)3%5;&Žz± › )3%\B8± › "234-T+)*;!#"$+/3-T+/*8Q+)#G#4D9$:- 8<1"2%
!3%5;Š*1"2(/@}<;"$%Š+)-_#DjL)%%492)=8Bˆ*;:+/3<t#*17:;"2+/3!92(/+/*1"$;Þ-T+/*8#4ˆ#"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2()F
:+/wj*;"$<;<0-T+)7*a!"23N<1;j<:=
*#.T¶P+L–%,-s¶P˜
0Ž N;Q[:(/"2343"23(½+)-&#*173®#)92"$Q*#!;"2+/3 +/34<1!3F;<G)*;*16)%®-T*1+/ ;­M)j
%!)Q)<;N!3%À<1#+)*;%À"$3¾(/92+)QL)9K:+/*tR/=hBN)j½yL9$ "2<‡ › › Žz£Ú§Å0`8Ž²BÚt‰/.¥[= a)j
!3%G"2<92+6#%G"$310 › £Žz Ù[Ž¥`¥M32/M)j4<=
’ˆ˜!:¶Œ
„š)¶Œ˜ ˜4&¶5)6.’ 873!9:
B › aQ)3¼+)3F#)"234<D;+/<;w"|#<D"23h#a › QL!3¼#L!DL6O)O!)92"$%#"2w"234(N"234-T+/*§
!;"2+/3H=B+/<;ˆ"$;<I;L!IL6O/3+7<;Y-T79_B8± › O!)9$7<}+/35"$;*I<;"$%ˆ+!-¿#ˆjL)%%492ˆ)*;
%4"2<;)*;%4%H=
B%!z*1)"23<„<;:jL)*##%Q:œ…†:39$:- ²!3%‡*;"$(/@¿#7Q<„-T+/*¿6!w4"$¿Q474²#B8± ›
O!)9$7<})*1ˆ:+/3@O/:*1#:%¢#+#"$&73"|#<ˆ~34< ƒ !3%5;ˆŽ¥± › O!)9274<})*;D+)3FO)*t#%¢;+:3*1()R
743"$;<D~¹5YX ƒ =LB4ˆ:+/3@O/*1<;"$+/35-T+/*0;&Žz± › O!)927:<8"2<
>@? ƒ \:JX I
n ; 6‹L=B%~ =
<
~ > =| ƒ
ADCFEHG
…84*;K
= "2<S#4Ž¥± › O!)9274w+!-#4"|&"23­L)33492<:¨ ?"$<S#wj[:%<t)9q¨_!36
% =BADCFEHGÁ"2<
;j[:%<t)9 œ<17Q4#*;):;%¾Ž¥± › O!)9$7+/*1*;<1j[+)3%"234(\;+M\3+/*;)9$9$R5"23:"2%:3FDw"23"$7
E-counter bins
pF?
700
N600
M500
400
L300
200
100
20
40
N60
O80
100
120
T-counter bins
¢AHq Ä¿¤+/743F;*P2!Bœ:+/73@#:*I:+/"23:"2%:3!=
p@>
"$+/3"Q"234(\j)*1;"29$~%.z5Ú§Ù ƒ ¨.…8"2 %4j+/<;"|#<a6‹5:Xx"23½; <;:"23@#"$9292!#+/*S!;*;"2)9¹=GB
B8± › O!)9274<})*;S:+/3@O/:*1#:%M#+3L!3+/<;:+/34%<z)34%\:+/*;*1Y#%\-T+/*<;9$:…8"$3(w):+/*;%"$3(‡#+
R ;TSVUDWXSZY\[]W^SV_`[ _ Wa[\b +~ =cId? ƒ I
~ > = ?/ƒ
…84*; [ "$<†;zB8± › O!)927I"23 )33:92<¨ SVU "$<Š+)3<1#)3@0#L*;:9'!;<†;¥;"2w"23(D+)-.6)
+!-.;S#"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2(/@†L)33492<;+w)\+)#:*¨ SZY "2<0#4D:+/3@O/:*;<;"$+/3G-):;+/*Q[Yœ…:35B8± ›
)33:92<&)3%h3L!3+/<;:+/34%<¨ SV_ "$<SN<;)929.+/34<1!3F&;L!&):+/743F;<D-T+)*¥#‡34+/392"$36!*;"$œR
+!-„;&B8± › )3% [\b "$<8:+/*;*1Y#"2+)3\%4j3%:3@z+/3N#4Dj4792<1D4"2()F¦
[\be;gf bih ‘/‹/‹ > f5b1h =>@? ©
~ > = >@ƒ
jkml
j3k l
sb r
y|{
f b o~ n ƒ ;qp tvb~bsuZ} w r t~  W |y  ƒ > b~bs} r€b w |"|" --n1n1xz
„zy|{
uZw
uZwHƒ‚
jk­"2<}#‡%4"2<;:*;"$"$3L!#+)*8;*;:<;+)92%¢"$3¢Žz± › L)3439$<=&B#"$¡¤…)92¼N:+/*;*1Y#"2+)3¢"2<z<1:
;+… :*;+N-T+/*zŽ¥± › : *1+s:<D+)*z+ŒO/*t¸L+Œ…8<ˆ+)*zB8± › :*1+s:<S+/*z+ŒO/:*1¸L+Œ…8<=‡B4#"2w†R "2<z<1:
;+‡#&*1*;+/*0O!)9$7S+)-†Œ‹/‹/‹)‹/‹4= ‹Š-T+/*B8± › +ŒO/:*1¸L+Œ…8<I+/*Œ‹)‹/‹/‹/‹4= ‹Š-T+/*B8± › 73%:*1¸L+Œ…8<=
’ˆ˜!:¶Œ
„š)¶Œ˜ ˜4&¶5)6.’c‡ˆ7!‰]9:
±z7*1"23(\#a+/3<t#*17:;"2+/3 +)-8;G › `,QL)3¼™¨²"23s-T+/*;!#"$+/3h-T*;+/ Q+)# <1"2%:<+)-}6)
j)%%9$Š…8"$;ª!3­:3@#*1R¢"23¢#4a › wQ)3¼¢"$<z+/ŠQ"23:%#+N-T+/*; #‡Q<t&#"2w"234(¨[:3*1()R
!3%¢j+/<;"|#"2+)35"$34-T+/*;!;"2+/3 -T+/*}#ˆ"$=IÚ¤-^()+s+%5;"2w"23(‡O!)9274<I-T+)*IQ+)#M<;"2%4<¥+!-K(/"|O/3
<t#*17¼N<;:"23@#"$929'#+/*†)*;S-T+/743%H¨#4&;"2wz+)-.#&"|8"2<%Y#:*;w"23:%\Q@R
R ; ‹R Š W ? R Œ 
> Ž! ? Œ‘>Š  Œ Š I
 
~ > = pFƒ
…84*;†RŠ¾~+RŒ ƒ "$<I#4Š…0!92¼/œ:+/*;*1:;%¢;"2wˆ"$3¢3<z-T+/*}#9$:- ~*1"2(/@ ƒ #7Q‡)34%  Š¾~  Œ ƒ
"$<†;S<;j:%\+!-92"2()Fj*;+)jL)(@!;"2+/3w#+Œ…)*;%N#4z92Y- D~*1"2(/@ ƒ #7Q)=²B4Sj[+/<1"$;"2+/3+)-#z4"$
!92+/3(;&<;:"23@#"$929'#+/*K*;:9'!;"$O/z;+‡#&:3@#*}+)-.#&jL!%%92&"$<(/"$O)3GQ@R
~ > =VU ƒ
Ž ;  Š  Œ_+~ R‹ŠJ>’RŒ ƒ
Š W Œ
“
B4j*;+)jL)(@!;"2+/3\<;j:%< ŠM)34% Œ­+/79$%M"$3¢j*;"$3"$j92&Q%"|ÜJ:*;3@¨J"23\…8"2)<;ˆ#
;"2w†+!-L#04"$_…†+/79$%‡%j34%w+)3# 0j+/<1"$#"$+/3Š+!-L#04"$²!92+/3(I#0Q)*¨/Q474²"23Šj*#)Y#"$
<1"23()92†ŒO)*;)(/0O!)92740"2<„)<;7*1%)34%#j+/<;"|#"$+/3Š%:j[:3%:386!3:92<=_Ú¤-[Q+);92Y- ²)3%
*1"2(/@†Žz± › <!*;zj*1<13@I)3%a…8"|#"$3 *#)34(/¥-T+/*Š(/"$O)3NjL!%%92!¨s;z34*;(!R %:j[+/<1"$;"2+/3"2<
%4:#:*;w"23:%GQFR
n ;•” n Š n Œ–˜—š™`™`›s5œ ™™`›  I
<
~ > =‘ ƒ
…84*; n Š)3% n Œ )*1#‡j%:<1#)9|¤+/*1*;Y#:%ªŽ¥± › O!)9$7<S"$373"|#<S+)-5YX°-T*;+/ #
› }Q)3¼™~¨ Ž"2<¿;8j[+/<1"$;"2+/3)9$+/3(z;92:3()#+)-#4}j)%%9$*;92!#"|O/0;+&;8:3F;*K+)-#
p/p
j )%%9$)¨s)3%Ÿž4Œ½~€ž4Š ƒ "$<†;z!1#:37!#"$+/3 92:3();-T+/*†92"2()FKj*1+/jL)(/!#"$+/3w;+Š#4¥*;"$(/@S~T92Y- ƒ
;7Q)=¿Úœ3w#I6)<1I…8:*;¥+)39$R;¥9$:- KŽz± › "2<Kj*;:<;3@0)3%O!)9$"2%H¨/;¥:3*1()Rw%j+/<1"$#"$+/3
"$<(/"$O)3GQ@R
n ;Ìn Š3–¡ —(¢¤£  “
<
~ > =V€ ƒ
ڜ3N;&6)<1D…8:*;D+/39|Ra#4D9$:- B8± › "2<0O!)9$"2%H¨#S#"$S"$<(/"$O)3GQ@R
R ; RŠ¥> Ž Œ “
~ > = ‚@ƒ

ŽI3L)9$+/(/+/7<²:×F7L!#"$+/3<^+/9$%w-T+)*^;86)<1I…8:*;}+/39|R#}*;"$(/@^Žz± › +/*^B8± › "2<²O!)92"$%H=„ņR
%4:-)79|6¨H;:+s%4;*;"$<S#+\7<;#*;)¼F"23(\"23s-T+/*;!#"$+/3M;+\yL34’
% Ž=wÚ¤-†#"$<S-)"29$<¨)34%½Q+)#
Ž¥± › <^)*;j4*;<13@^-T+/*_;(/"$O)3"|6¨/#43‡#j+/<1"$#"$+/3)3Q[)92:79'!;%‡*;!#:*²*17%9|R
!+)*;%"$3(#+¦
~ > =Ø ƒ
Ž ; ž4Šž4ŠW žŒžŒ 923 h nn ŒŠ l‘“
IJ*1*;+/*1<z)*1Š+)j7s#%5-T+/*I;ˆ;"2w)¨™#ˆ3:*;()R5%j+/<1"$#"$+/3H¨[)3%M;ŠR@œj+/<1"$#"$+/3\+)-^6)
4"$6=
ŽÌ<1#7<K…+/*1% "2<K<;Y8):+/*1%"23(D#+D)Q9$ > =$I%j3%4"23(+)3#4¥×F7L)9$"$œR+)-H;¥4"$6¨PU
Q"$3(‡Q<1¨ˆ!3% p Q"$3(‡…+/*1<1=
’ˆ˜!:¶Œ
„š)¶Œ˜ ˜4&¶5)6.’c‡ ’¦7‰]9:
B‡ › ` › QL)3¼G)¼!<S"$3%"$O"$%7L)9"|#<¥"$3M#4 › ` Q)3¼5)3%92++/¼F<I-T+)*¥9$7<1;*1<z"23
…84"2G)¨% §;!3@4"$#<0)*;"$<;I-T*1+/ފ<;"$3(/92IjL)*t#"2:92I%j+/<;"|#"$3(Š:3*1()R "$3aœ…+<1"23@;"29292!#+)*;<=
B4¥9$7<1;*1<0)*1¥+/<13NQL!<;%N+)3a+ŒO/:*;9'!j "23<;jL):S)3%w#"$!=¿Ú¤-H#4¥%"|ÜJ:*;34¥"$3;"2w<
+)*0j[+)<;"$;"2+/34<"2<92<1<#)3N#*1z#"$:<†;S73:*1#)"23@;"2<"$3a#4S%"$Ü[*13:<¨;3N;zœ…+
4"$#<&"$3­; )5% §;):3Fˆ+)73@#*1<‡)*1:+/3<;"$%*1%½;+5Qa+)3:927<t#:*=NÚ¤-0;*;:a+)3<;:74;"$O/
:+/73@#:*;<^yL*;8"$3&(/"|O/3w:O)3@6¨F#43;})¨% §;):3@†jL)"2*„#L!†)*18Q[Y;#:*^a!;%w"23<1jL)
!3%N#"2wS)*1&9274<1#:*;Q" %J©#&+);*8<;:"23@#"$9292!#+/*†"234-T+)*;!#"$+/3a:3F;*1<};ˆ › ` › QL!3¼N)<
<;"234(/92D"$=¥Ú¤-Ka:927<t#:*z"2<}-T+/73%H¨#Š3:*;(/"$<¥+!-²#Šœ…†+N"|#<z!*;!%%%¢;+/(/Y#:*¥#+
-T+)*; ; u 9$7<1;*K3:*;()Rv!3%w;8#"2w"2<^:+/j474#:%w-T*1+/°)33:*;()R@¤…†"$(/@#:% 6O/:*#)(/
+!-#¥œ…†+‡"|#<†-T+)*;w"23(&#¥9274<1#:*=^BI{FK!3‘
% Y¤j[+)<;"$;"2+/34<)*1z<;"$j492IŒO)*;)(/<+!-#
"$3%"|Os"$%7L)9„"$Dj+/<;"|#"$+/3<=BR@œj+/<;"|#"$+/3 ~q)9$+/3(N#9$3();ª+!-#4QL!* ƒ "2<D)3­3:*;()R@
…†"$(/@#:%¾6O/:*#)(/!=aÚ¤-34+5:927<t#*D"2<z-T+)73%H¨#a › ` › <t!;7<&…+/*1%½"$<&;<#)ww)<&#
› ` <1#!#74<_…+)*;%w)3%;0"¹= %H=„"2<„;<#!)<_#4} › ` "q= %H=|©@+);*t…8"2<;!¨)#4} › ` › <1#7<
…†+/*1%¢"2<}#<17 +)-¿#4<1#!#7<I…+/*1%M-T+/*}#Šy*;<1¥"$¥"23\#:927<t#:*z)3%½Œ‹/‹;"2w<8#
<t!;7<†…†+/*1% -T+/*†;¥<1+)3%G"$†"23a;¥:927<t#:*=²Bz"q= %J=¿"2<K#& › ` "q= %H=„-T+/*†;¥yL*1<104"$
"$3 #&:927<t#*:=
AHL i ©N@¶ŒF¡$½€.€¶5)i:¶ 4P¶¶P%$½\˜4&}¶5)M@µª[¶
B.+h92"$"$3L!;w+)741¤+)-'¤;"2wa):"$%3@!92<¨K¢:+/"23:"2%:3NQ:œ…†:3 ; )()(/*‡!3% #
<t)*t8+/743F;*}"2<8*;:×F7"2*1%\"23G<;+)- œ…)*1)=0]L+/*)5;*#)¼ ;L!}"|#<8‡#"2wY¤+)-'¤¸"2(/@†<;"$3@#"29 
92!#+)*¨F#zj)*1;"29$š " <0<;j:%G"2<0%Y#:*;w"23:% -T*;+/ #S%4"$Ü[*;:3SQ:œ…†:3\;z#"$:<0!#
pU
XK!927

?
>
p
U
‘
€
‚
Ø
6‹
)
?
>
p
ŒU
 6!3"23(
5
£:- 8B8± › j4*;<13@6©™3+w*;"$(/@#7Q&%L!#4=
£:- 8Žz± › j*;:<;:3F©™"$8%"$<;)*;%:%H=
£:- 8Žz± › )3%GB8± › j4*;<13@6©3+*;"$(/@#7Q&%L!#4=
`}"$(/@B8± › j4*;<13@6©3+92Y- #7Q&%L!#4=
Ő+);\B8± › <}j*1<;:3@6¨™3+Žz± › "234-T+/*1a#"2+)3
£:- 8Žz± › ¨L*1"2(/@8B8± › j*;:<;3@
£:- 8Žz± › )3%GB8± › ¨™*;"$(/@B8± › j*1<13@¥Q474}3+*1"2(/@Ž¥± ›
`}"$(/@Žz± › j*;:<;:3F©™"$8%"$<;)*;%:%H=
£:- 8B8± › ¨L*;"$(/@8Žz± › j*;:<;3@
Ő+);\Ž¥± › <8j*;:<;3@©[3+B8± › "234-T+/*1a#"2+)3H©F"$8%"$<;)*;%:%H=
Ő+);\Ž¥± › <8j*;:<;3@¨[9$:- B8± › j*;:<;3@¨[3+*1"2(/@8B8± ›
`}"$(/@B8± › !3%5Ž¥± › +)39$R©L3+92Y- #7Q&%L!#4=
Ő+);\B8± › <}j*1<;:3@6©™*;"$(/@8Žz± › j*;:<;3@©[9$:- Ž¥± › w"2<;<1"23(4=
Ő+);\Ž¥± › <8j*;:<;3@¨[*1"2(/@B8± › j*;:<;3@©[9$:- B8± › "$<;<;"$3(=
› +/wj92Y#S<;Y6¦^92Y- 8B8± › ¨LŽz± › ©*1"2(/@8B8± › ¨LŽ¥± ›
37„–¢AHq › `ž<1#!#7<…†+/*;%5%:y3"$;"2+/3H=
<t)*tS+)73@#*Sj49')3)3%¢#4B}‰S]Ãj9')34‡)3%¢;#*;)¼/œ92:3();%"$Ü[*13:‡Q[Yœ…:3h#
<t)*tD+/73@;*Šj49')3w)34%ª#4B}‰S]Ðj9')34)=aB4#*;)¼"2<S;3¾j4*;+/jL!(@!#:%ªQ)¼#+G#
u O/*t#¡{4vM"23½+)*;%:*D;+M%Y#*1"$3 u O)*1;Y{­#"$:v=N]L+/*D6)ª#*#!¼¨.#wO/:*1#¡{½;"2w"2<
:+/wjL)*;:%\;+)¢:3F;*1RG"$3\;D#)(/(/:*8*;<179$IQL)34¼=Bˆ#)(/(/:*}:+s%4ˆ*1j+/*1;<};D;"2w
I;3+/w"23)9:3F;*S+)-_#Š#)*;():6=IB"2<}#"$D"2<}+/*1*;::#:%-T+/*};%"|ÜJ:*;:3G~T"2353< ƒ
Q:œ…†:3#:3@#:*S)3%¢;j*1¨+ §1Y#"$+/3¢+)-^)¢#*;)¼\;+N)3!*;Q"|#*#!*1R\j9'!3Š¼F3+Œ…83h)<
; u O)*t#Y{sv\j9'!3)=&BQ<1¥)(/()*z"|S"2<I#+)3-T+/*¥…8"$#%4"$Ü[*;:3‡Q:œ…†:3
;)(/()*S#"$!&;w#)*;():ˆ)3%­#w<1#)*1ˆ+/743F;*&O/:*1#¡{½;"2w‡"2<S#4<1a)9$92:<1&92:<;<
;L)3 U¢3<=Á]_"$(/7*1 > = ? <1+Œ…8<w;G*;:9'!;"$O/ ;"2w"23(MQ[Yœ…:3 ;N)()(/*)34%Á;N<1#)*1
:+/73@#:*=²ŽI"$%3@#)92<†Q[Yœ…:3N#I<1#)*1+/73@;*)34%a#I)(/()*K<;+Œ… 7jN)<Š%"2)(/+/3L!9
Q)3%M"$35yL()7*; > = ? ŽŠ=™BŠ;*;7D+)"23:"2%:3:<I-)9$9"235;D9')*1(/&j[)¼G3@;*;:%+/i
3 :*;+"23
y(/7*; > = ? ÅI=
AHL$r «†).˜L¶Œ˜X'_
]¬
ڜ3À+/*1%*;+­)92:79'# !3 !Q<;+/9$74#N:*;+/<1<<;Y#"$+/3H¨²#N"$3"$%3@‡¸L7{À+)-}j+);+/3<+/3
;¥#)*;(/Y074<1Qz¼F3+Œ…83H=^BS<;)j[¥+)-#SQ4*;w<;<t#*;)92743(<;jY#*17"$<0%:;*1"$3%
-T*1+/ #4M92+Œ…—"$3@#34<;"$œRÁ3+)*;)92"Q6!;"2+/3 *173<= › +/"$3"$%3:< Q:œ…†:3®"$;<a"$3Á;5#)(!
()*-T+s)98j9')34M)34%Â#G#+!)9})Q<1+/*;js#"2+)3Â+)73@#* )*;\*;:×74"2*;:%Ã"23 <;+)- œ…)*1¢)3% #
3F7ŠQ[:*‡+)-}j+);+/3<<#!;"2<t- Rs"$3(¢#4"2<‡+)"23:"2%:3N*1×F7"2*1w3@w)*1G):7792!#:%Á"$3Á€)‘@€
time(ns)
p‘
°40
¯35
¯30
®25
20
15
­5
10
b0
-10
x 10 4
-8
-6
-4
-2
b0
2
4
c6
d8 10
±time
(ns)
(A) Tagger time vs start counter/tagger difference
counts
1200
1000
d800
c600
400
200
b0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
b0
®2
°4
c6
d8 10
±time
(ns)
(B) Projection onto (start counter - tagger) axis
PAH$ !*1}+/743F;*P2‡#)(/(/:**;92!#"|O/z;"2w"23(<1+Œ…8"23(‡;&j*;+/w"2343@
u #*;74vj6)¼a)3%N<1:O/:*#)9H):"2%:3F#)9HQ74j<:=²BS)"23j[)¼)<8Š*;:<;+/9$74#"$+/3 +)p/>)p j<=
p€
_Ä ¤+/73@;*SQ"$3<= ~B;*;7O!)9$7‡+)-³² o ´ µ {·¶¤¸«-T+)*z6)ªÄ_œQ"$3<;+)792%Q‡%:;*1"$3%hQ@R
%4"$O"2%"$3(DQFR u #*;)3<1"$<;<;"$+/3aV¹w"2:3:Rv¨s…8"2G):+/743F;<-T+/*9$+/<;<1<0%74z#+Š;z!#:*;"'!9
Q:œ…†:3¾#w)*1(/:)3%­#B„Žz › = ƒ B <;)92:*ˆ:+/73@#<ˆ-T+/*ˆB¤+/743F;*4"$#<D"23ª+/"$3" 
%43:}…8"|#‡#;+))9™!Q<;+/*1j4#"$+/3+/743F;*†)3%#8jL!"2*²<;jY#*1+/Y#:*†!*;})92<1+&"23@#:(/*#!;%
+ŒO)*z)3+/*1a)9$" !#"$+/3G*;73H=SB43F7Q*z+)-^j4+)#+)3<¥-T+/*¥aj*;+%7Y#"$+/3¢*;743¢"2<I<;6!92%
74jª-T*;+)¬#374Q[:*ˆ+!-j+);+/3<D-T*;+/ \*;:-T:*;:33+/*;)9$" 6#"2+)3*;73ªQFR­#4*;!#"$+5+)j)"2*§œ<;jY#*1+/Y#:*0<;)92:*}:+/73@#<:=K]™+)*6)5j*;+%7Y#"2+)3N*;73H¨;&*#!;"2+‡"$<}()"$O/:3GQFR
¼ µ/¶¤{¤Á½ ¼¾¸D¿ +~ R¼ ƒ >@² ÁH¶\¿·{¤ÃÅÄÁ — ¿·Á o~ R‹¼ ƒ
²
I
~ > =|Œ‹ ƒ
º G4»™~+R¼ ƒ ; À ² µ ¼ µ/{·¶¤½¸ ¼¾¸¿ o~ R‹À ¼ ƒ
…84*;Æ ÂÈǞ‹ “ ØS"2<²!3w:j4"2*;"$6)9+)3<1#)3@²#L!K!+)73@#<²-T+/*^z<;)9$94%"|ÜJ:*;34"23‡YÜJ::;"$O/
(/!#8…8"2%4;<KQ[Yœ…:3N#I<;)92:*;<w6!<;7*1"23(&# u "23w#"$:vD:+/"234"2%43:<)34%#4¥<;)92:*;<
w6!<;7*1"2¼ µÉ3(}½ ¼Ê¸D):¿ "2%4¼ 3@µ/½)¼¾¸9¿ +)"23:"2%:3:<„Q:œ…†:3#^)()(/*.+/743F;*1<¿)3%D#KjL)"$*<;j:;*;+/‡
Y#:*~¨ ² À ¶\{·Á %~ ² µ {·¶¤¸ ƒ "2<_;8):7792!#:%‡3F7Q*²+)- u "$3Š#"$:vz+/"$3"$%34<²Q:œ…†:3
B¤ÁH¿·+/ÃÅÄ 743F¿·Á ;Æ* R‹¼_)3%M;DjL)"2*8<1j[::#*1+/w:#:*I-T+/*8#4ˆj*1+s%47:;"2+/3¾~3+/*1a!92" !#"$+/3 ƒ *;73H¨[)3%
² À ¶\{¤Á — "$<};Š!7479'#%53F7Q*¥+!-²):"2%43@)9.+)"23:"2%:3:<¥Q:œ…†3B¤+/743F;Æ* R‹¼
!3%¢#‡j)"2*I<;j:;*;+/w:;*z-T+/*I#‡j*1+s%47:;"2+/3¢*173H=ˆB‡3F7Q*S+)-Kj+!#+/3<z-T+)*z6)
Ä_¤+/73@;*8Q"23 Ìn Ë -T+/*0;&j*;+%7Y#"2+)3\*173\"2<(/"|O/3\Q@R
² o ´ À ¶\{·Á~ nÌË ƒ ; ? ? µ {·¶¤¶·{¤¸ ÁÍ G4»™~ nÌË ƒ ² o ´ µ {€¶¤¸¥~ nÌË ƒDÎ µ À {·¶\¶¤{¤¸ Á I
~ > =|/ ƒ
À
ksÓ ÐÑ\Ò ÔÊÕ¡Ö(× G4»~+Î R¼ ƒ
ÓÅÙ ÔÊÕ¡Ö`¸!× ¼º µ
~ > =| ?/ƒ
GÍ 4[» ~ n³Ë ƒ ; R ¼ ¸Ï Ä t k ~ Ón³Ø ËksƒÓ Ð >’
R ¼ ~ n³Ë ƒ W  I
…84*;³? µ {·¶¤¸Á~%? À ¶\{¤Á ƒ "$<H#†±}ŽÆÁ
Ú j*;:<;6!92²-):;+/*-T+/*H#4†3+)*;)92"Q6!;"2+/3~j*1+s%74:#"$+/¸3 Ä ƒ *173H¨
µ ~ nÌ~ Î Ë À ƒ;¶\ƒ {¤Á "2<Iƒ ;"2<SŠ;9${s"$O)"2Š:#"7$ ~-Tw+)*&"23;"$w73 +/ƒ *;Bœ)Q9$""$6 3M#":2+/+)*;3À*1~<;jj*1+/+s3%4%47"2:3;"(a2+/;+3 Nƒ Ä_*17œQ3H"$¨¿3 !nÌ3Ë%Û=IR B¼ t ~3n³+)Ë *tƒ
Î ~oR µ ¼ ¸{·¶¤¼ ¸Þ
)9$"6 #"2+)3j*1+s:%74*;D"2<%:<;*1"2Q%\"23Gw+/*;S%Y)"$9H"23ªº > € » =
Ê Ë_ÍËÜ]Ý&ÒzÏJÍLӧՆÖ
Ì
.}+)^)9$94+)-#YO/:3F;<K…8*1"$1#3‡;+S%"2<1¼ŠQ@R#4%L!&):×F7"2<1"$#"$+/3<tRs<t#:°+/3@!"23#*;)¼F<=
]L7*t#:*;w+/*;!¨_%74#+5#+/j[:3½#*1"2(/()*D7<;:% %7*;"$3(5;GW‡6Ž,*;7334"23(¢j*1"2+%H¨.+/39$Rª
<1a!929™-T*#)Y#"2+)3\+!-.; u (/++s%4v‡:O/:3@#<¥j*t)"$3 #+‡#4Dj)*1;"2749')*†*;6!:#"$+/3<+)-„"23@;*;:<1=Kڜ3
+)*;%:*8;+*1%74ˆ;&O/+/9$7&+)-¿%L!‡#+a)3)(/6!Q92S<1" !¨…†Dwj92+ŒR/:%5;D-T+)9292+Œ…8"$3(
%!‡*;:%7Y#"2+)3G;34"2×F7)=
±z7*1"23(z;j*1+s:<;<K+)- u :+s+/¼F"$3(/vz#4Is6j*;+)(/*#)Z+)3FO)*t#<†;%L!#z-T*;+/ *#6…ÃÅ0‰D
Q)3¼F<w;+ª*1:+/3<1;*;7Y#:%Ðʼn&ÁQL)34¼<:=Љz39$R½#+/<1MYO/3@;<#!a:+/3@)"$3Á;*#)¼F<a!#
4"$1¤QL)<1%G92YO/9.)*1S…8*;"$1#:3G;+w#)j)=^BD++/¼):%5yL9$<})*;S;3GyL9$;*1%G-T+/*8:O/:3@#<I…8"|#
¼)+)3M6!3%"2%!#:<¨[…84"2h)*1ˆ…8*;"|;;3¢+/7s¥#+ <;:jL)*;!#Šy92)=IB¼)+/_ 35yL9$;*}¼F<S-T+/_ *
¥9$6)<tz+/3D#*;)¼\…84+/<;;"2wYœ+!-'¤¸L"$(/@a!<;<z"$<IQ:œ…†:3ª‹s= >‘Þ –5j ¡m S !3%h‹4=V€ Þ –5j šm S =
B4a%Y)"$92<S+)-0;"2<&#:3"$×74…8"29$9²Q[w%:<;*1"2Q%¾"$3ª<1Y#"2+)3 p = B"$<ˆyL9|#:*D*1%74<ˆ#
ÉȤÇ
p@‚
1< ":+)-²#4%L!# <;:zQFR¢)Q+/74¥œ…†+G+/*;%4*;<¥+)-^a!(/3"$;7%!=zŽ <;:+/34%hy9$#:*z"2<¥)jj9$"2:%M#+
;8yL9$;*;:%ayL9$<^#+Š<1jL!*#!;z+/74†:O)3@#<0…8"|#aQ+); ˆ_ 9$+s+)<;9|R‡%YyL3%N¼)+)3 )3% ˆ92++/<19$R
%4:yL3:%Mj*1+)#+)3H=²B&j*;+!#+/3\748…)<}‹4=V€P/= >JÞ –5j mšS =
pØ
óô¢õŠöM÷¿øSùàß
á õù¿÷ýãâø ä]¢øSÿ ÷#å­ý8õˆ÷þwÿ
IŽ <<1+Œ…—"23 yL(/74*; p =$)¨j"$+/3<¨Kj*1+)#+/34<¨)34% ¼)+/34<w-T+/*1 …†929<1jL!*#!;%ÂQ)3%<w"23
;"$*z<;j:%6æÂ)<& -T73Y#"2+)3­+!-w+/w3@#7 7jh#+\)Q+/74 ? WS:X2!)=B4¼)+/3Q)3%­"2<
:3L)34% "$3­;"2<DyL(/7*1aQ@Rh#¼)+/3ªy9$#:*;"$3(5j4*;+<1<=5B <;j:%æ®%:j[:3%<‡+/3­#
¸"2(/@8#"$D)3%5#DjL!;¢92:3()#1ç_-T*;+/x;ˆ#)*;():}#+;Š<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*):+/*1%"23(w#+w#
:×F7L!#"$+/3
æ ; S#è¥ç [ “
~ p =| ƒ
ò&)+/34<ˆ!*;w"2%:3F;"$yL:%½Q@Rh6!92749'!;"23(N#4)<;<S-T*1+/¬##"$¡œ+)-'¹¸L"2()F è¥[ )3%­#
w+/w3@#74 E=²BD)<;<"$<(/"$O)3\QFR é
; CE æ I
~ p = ?/ƒ
…84*;C ; ~tB>êæ _ ƒ Y ¢ _ =]_"$(/7*; p = ? <;4+P…8<ŠN*;j4*;<13@#"$O)a)<;<&<1j[::#*17¬-T+7<1"23(
+)3 #z¼)+)3Nj[)¼™=KŽ«<;"2()3"$yL)3@j"$+/3N)3%N;+92<1<;:*Y{#:3F8j4*;+);+/3NQL)¼F(/*1+/73%\Y{s"2<t#<
743%*136#½; ¼)+/3ªj[)¼™=5ŽI<Š#+):3F;7û"234*;)<;:<Š#4a*;:<;+/9$74#"$+/3­+/3½#4aw+!
w3@;7 ():#<¿…†+/*1<;)=_Ž¥<²<;4+P…83w"23ˆyL(/7*1 p = > ŽŠ¨!;"2<„6)74<;<²;a!<;<¿+)-™;0¼)+/3‡j6)¼D#+
Q4*;+@)%43G)<Š-T743:;"2+/3 +!-„"$3*16)<1"23(Š+/w3@;75= › +/3<;:×F73@#9|R/¨L7<1"23(Šys{4:%G*#)3()z"23
)<1<0#+"2%:3@#"$- Ra¼)+/3<…8"29$9H)9$92+Œ… +)*;SQL)¼F(/*1+/73%\"23@;+;&74}*19'#"$O)z#+‡#4D<1"2(/3)9
-T+)*²92+Œ…¼)+)3w+/w3@z#)3w-T+)*²"2(/ww+/:3@4=.B„+ˆ)%%4*;<1<†;"2<²j*1+/Q9$ Ú.y^#8)<;<
!<†S-T73Y#"$+/3+!-Hw+/:3@#7 "$3w;}9')Q‡…8"$;aˆW&)7<;<1"')3wj9$7<KDj+/9$R3+)"2)94QL!¼()*;+/734%
-T+)*<;9$"2:<‡+)-}+):3F;7\=¾]_"$(/7*; p = > Å <1+Œ…8<w;L!;G<1#)3%L)*1%À%:O"'#"2+)3 +)-I; y
()3:*#)9$9$R"$3*16)<1<^…8"$;ww+/w3@#745=„Ž¥<;<17w"23(ŠWD!7<;<1"')3<1#!#"$<1;"2<:¨c ë > l 74†<;+)792%
:+/3@)"$3\Ø/Ø4=Vƒ€ ì,+)-.#4D<1"2(/3)9¹=¿B4D¼)+)é 35"$%3@#"|yL6#"2+)3N74}"2<%4:yL3:%¢)<-T+/9$92+Œ…8<¦
é é6î
‹ “ > ¥U x x‹ “ ‘@U Þ –5j šm S _ ©
í > íx >l ©
1l ; >I‹ “ ‹/‹/‹ ‚ € > W ‹ “ ‹4ŒØ/Ø)‘ p ;E W ‹ “ ‹/‹ >/>/‚/? Ø:E _
~ p = >@ƒ
…84*;IE"2<8#Š+/w3@;7—+)-²#4Š¼)+/3¢"$35;Š92)Q5-T*;)!=¥]„"2(/7*1 p = > Ž )92<1+a"$929274<1#*;!#:<
;Nj*1+/Q92:Ÿ+!-Iw"2<1<;"$3(M#4N+/*1*;Yw`I]žQ47¼)Y6= BG%"2)(/+/3L!9†QL!3%<‡+)*;*;:<;j+/3%À#+
j4"2+/3<0…84+/<;D<1#)*1;"2wz"2<+)ÜhQ@RN<1+/wS79$;"2j9$z+)- ? = ‹/‹ p 3<:=
Ő:6)74<;8#8j*1+/Q92: +)-[+/3@#)"$3L!;"2+/3‡"$<²7a<1a!9292:*_-T+/*²j*1+)#+)3<²#L)3-T+/*²¼)+/34<¨
j4*;+);+/3<8)*1D"$%3@;"$yL:%G…8"|#5‡<;"2wj9$za!<;<7sI"$3N#&*#!3(/D‹4= ‚ UP)= ?¥Þ –5j šm S _ =
U)‹
β
1.2
1
ï
0.8
ï
0.6
ï
0.4
ï
0.2
ïï
0
0
ï
0.25
ï
0.5
ï
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
ð ð ð
ñMomentum
(GeV/c)
1.75
2
2.25
2.5
PMi æ¾)<}-T73Y#"$+/3G+)-_;&+/w3@;7Þ-T+/*0;SyL9$;*1%G%L!#<;)wj92!=
B4ˆ<1L)*;j\%4(/<}+)-.#&¼)+/3GQL)34%5*1:¸L::}#&<;:92::#"$+/3G74;<=
Counts
Us
ò
10 7
π
+
p
10 6
+
K
10 5
b
10 4
0
b0.2
b0.4
b0.6
b0.8
1
1.2
Mass (GeV)
PMi$ ó¥)%4*;+/3"$Sa!<;<-T+/*j+/<;"|#"$O)SjL)*t#"2:92:<)<
)92:79'#%N-T*1+/Þ;S#"2wY¤+)-'¤¸"2(/@)3%G#&w+/:3@#7\=
mass (GeV)
U?
0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
0.4
0.35
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
momentum (GeV)
σmass (GeV)
(A) Mass vs. momentum for kaon candidates
0.045
0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0.4
0.6
0.8
ô
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
momentum(GeV)
(B) Dependence of σmass on momentum
T
.P¢i$A ±z:j[:3%34Š+!-„;&a)<1<0-T*;+/Þ#"2wY¤+)-'¤¸"2(/@†+/3G+/w3@;7 E=
~Ž ƒ B0…+w%"2w34<;"2+)3L)9J4"2<1;+/(/*;)+)-„)<;<O<=^w+/:3@#7\©~Å ƒ `}:<;+/9$74#"$+/3N+);&¼)+/3Gj[)¼N)<}-T73Y#"$+/35+!-_w+/w3@#7\=¿B&%L!<;:%M74*1O/D"2<8
<;:+/3%œ+/*1%*}j[+)9$R3+/w"')9™y8#+‡;&%L!s=
U>
B }jL)*t#"$928"$%3@#"|yL6#"2+)3w:74#<^-T+/*²#4Ij"$+/3<²…)<<192"2()F;9$RŠ+/*18+/wj92"$6!;%H=_s"$3
;‡)<;<&)<S)92:79'#%"$3h×F7L!;"2+/3 p = ? Q92+Œ…8<S7jª)<æ )jj*1+@):<)¨G:74&+/3Èæ …)<
!jj92"$% -T+/*0;&7jj*8Q+/73%H¦
æ6x õ E _ W E ‹ ‹ ‚ _ W ‹ “ ‹ ? “
~ p = pFƒ
“
B 4}9$+Œ…:*²Q[+/743%‡…0)<KS<;"$j4920)<;<²:74^+)-J‹4= > WS:XŠ=/Böæ\74KL)<²;%<1"2*;)Q92YÜJ::
+!-†:92"$"$3L!#"$3(w7­+)-^#9$Y#*;+)3­:+/3@)w"23!#"$+/3H=ˆ]_"2(/74*; p = p <;+Œ…8<S#4w:7*1O)<&-T+/*
;N7jj*!3%À92+Œ…:*‡Q[+)73%<‡<17j[:*;"$j+/<;:%À+/3¾#NQ:#¢O/*1<;7<ww+/:3@#7 j92+!-T+/*
j4"2+/3N)3%"$%L!#:<=
WS3:*#)9$9$R)¨JQ:-T+/*1Š#"$¡œQL)<1%M;*#)¼F"$3(N6)3hQ‡)jj492"2:%M#+G 4"$1¤QL)<1%M;*#)¼56)3%4"|
%!#!¨G!;Q[Yœ…:3ª;‡#*;)¼¢)34%ª+/34‡+)-^#<;:"23@#"$9292!#+/*1<I"$<S*;:×74"2*;:%h<;+N#LS#
<1j[:%ª+)-†;wjL)*1;"2:92‡6!3ªQ6)9$792!#:%H©„4+P…†:O)*:¨¿<;"$3#j+/9'!*;"$œRM+)-K#yL9$%­…)<
<17¢#!¥34(@!;"$O)jL)*t#"2:92:<}…†*1Q[:3@¥#+Œ…)*;%4<¥#ˆQ[) j"2j)¨<;+)- Ij" œw"23F7<;:<I+!- #3
%4"2%¢3+!&"$&!3FRM+)-^#‡<1"$3F;"29$9'!;+/*;<:=&]™+)*¥#:<;‡)<;:<¨3(/!#"|O/‡jL)*t#"$92:<¥…8"$;3+GQ[Y
!<;<;"$(/3:%G;+‡#:…:*;D+/34<;"2%4*;:%\;+Q[&j"Hw"23F7<1<:©LQ[Y‡…0)<8)92:79'!;% -T*1+/x‡)<;<
!<;<;74j4;"2+/3J=¿]L+/*K*;é66!ù :#"$+/3é <†"23@O/+/é 9|Oî "23(D#ã ÷S~t p ‹@U ƒ )3%#F øS~t >/‚ U ƒ ¨F#"$<0)<1<;7wj4;"2+/3"2<
<;!-T&Q[:6)74<;ˆ;S#*1<1+/92%\-T+/*j*1+s%74"234(awò w"23F7<8"23N#4ˆ*16)Y#"2+)3\:+/*;*1<1j[+/34%<I;+a
; W
;  p@>@? 5YX=
@Rj*;+)35)<;<8+)B}@Rj[:*;î+/3<†)*1}"$%3@;"À $yL:%wQ@Rœ )92:79'!;"23(I#}"$<;<1"23(S)<;<²-T+/*¿;8*;):;"2+/3‡CF…
E ú
ûüý ¨0…8*11 ý *1j*1<;é6:3@ù #<N# u "$<;<1"23(/v­jL)*t#"$92!=Ìڜ3Ã;*1<+)-S#\-T+/7*§œw+/:3@
?A}¨ þ[¨¿!3
% ? +)-#j*;+);+/3ª#)*;():6¨.#w"234"2%43@Šj4+)#+)3H¨¿)34%ª#4yL3L!9|œ<t!;¼)+)3H¨
*1<1j[::#"|O/:9$R/¨;&a!<;< é ù +!-„;&FRj*1+/3M"$<î %:;*;w"234%\QFR î
_ ; €~ ?DA é W î þ¥>@? î Dƒ ÿ €~ ?DA W þ¥>@? ƒ
; W _ > ? ? ÿ %~ ?DA W þ ƒ I
~ p =VU ƒ
é
…84Š*; ; n Š _ C "2<5#¾"$3@O)!*;"'!3FM)3%492<t) ×F7L)3@#"|œR/= ڜ3 #¾92)Q«-T*;)!¥¨ þ ;
~ n o I‹ I#‹ I é n o ù ƒ )34e
% é ?î A ; ~ î À I‹ I‹ I#‹ ƒ ¨s<;+‡é #L î
î
î _ ;W _ > ? n Š ~ n o Š W À ƒ W ? E Š n o Š +/< î Š
I
~ p =‘ ƒ
…84*;&E Š "$<S#)(/3"|#7%‡+!-†;¼)+)
3 " <S;*;:Yœw+/w3@#74û)3
% Š "$<S#w)3()92
Q:œ…†:35;&¼!!+/
3 " <}%4"2*;::;"2+/3\)3%N;&é Q[)xé %"$*;Y#"$+/3N"23N#4D92)QN-T*#)w)¨)3%
F; À _ W ? À n o Š “
~ p =V€ ƒ
ŽI3N73+)*;*;::;%GU "$<;<1"23(ˆa)<1<0<;jY#*17"$<<;4+P…83G"$3ayL(/7*1 p =VUs=^Ő:<;U "2%4<0#4zj*;+)" 
343@ ÷z~t/)Œ‘ ƒ )34
% ø ~t)ŒØ >@ƒ j6)¼F<:¨#Ÿ
÷z~tPU ? ‹ ƒ )3%Á#Ÿ
÷S~§ p ‹@U ƒ m ø ~§ >/‚ U ƒ Y{s"|#%
<t!;<ˆ6)3ªQ[<;:3 9$6)*19$Rh)Q+ŒO/w#QL)¼F(/*;+)73%H=\B j*1"2)*1R¢<;+/7*1+)-0#4aQL)¼/
()*;+/734%\"$<+/3@#)"$3L!;"2+/3a-T*1+/xj"$+/3<w"2<§œ"2%43@#"|yL%G)<8¼)+/34<=
څ8"29$9„QŠ-T+7<1"23(N+)3¢# øS~§ >/‚ U ƒ m ÷z~t p ‹/U ƒ *1(/"$+/3H=ˆs"$3Š;‡)<;<1<z+)-^;#*1
)*;(/:%®<1#)(/<N+!-S#(/*1+/73%œ<1#!#ø !*;¢<192"2()F;9$RÀ%"|ÜJ:*;:3F¨};M;*;:<;+/9$%< -T+/*w#
β
Up
1.2
1.1
2
2 1/2
p/(p +0.08 )
+ 0.02
1
b0.9
2
2 1/2
p/(p +0.3 )
b0.8
b0.7
b0.6
b0.5
b0.4 b
0
b0.25
b0.5
b0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
®2
Momentum (GeV/c)
T
.PMi i æ­O/*1<;7<I+):3F;7Þ-T+)*j"2+/3G)3%"$%L!#:<=²BD74*1O/:<
"$3%"$6!;¥#&Q+/73%)*;"$<8+)-.#&j"$+/3G"2%:3F;"$yL!#"$+/3N7s6=
Counts
U/U
x 10 2
1200
1000
Λ(1116)
d800
Σ (1193)
0
c600
°400
Λ(1405)
0
Σ (1385)
®200
b0
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Λ(1520)
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
Mass (GeV)
T[
PMi$r 5"$<;<;"$3(a!<;<8+)Ü¢;&¼!!+/3G6)3%4"2%L!;<:=
U)‘
é
)33:92<#++/j3\7j5)*;S%"|ÜJ:*;:3Fé ¦
é
é
ø üU MU ¦ é  W é ;  >/?)‚ “ Ø p 5:XŠ©
ø ¦ W œ ;  >@? € “ U > 5YX©
ø ü ¦ é’î œ é W  ;  >)> € “ ‹4D5:XŠ=
B4 û² )33:9L+/j[:3<^7jw! W À ;  “ p@>@? WS:XŠ=/Bãø üG)34%mû EwU ;*;:<;+)92%<
%4:yL3D3L!;7*#)9J*#)3()D+!-/= >)p #/= p@> W&YX -T+/*"2%43@#"|- Rs"$3(#4É÷z~t p ‹@U ƒ )34%iø ~§ >/‚ U ƒ =
È SÓH™ÓtÏËwÏÕ³‰‰ÏJÍÓtՆÖzÔ
iL ’ˆ˜™Pš)¶P%.Û&¤˜™aªF–˜Z
› L!*;(/:% jL)*t#"2:92:<K9$+/<;}34*;(!Ra!<†#4:RwjL)<1<†#4*;+/7()#4I!*;(/Y!#:*;"2)9¹¨);I#)*;():
…)9$9¹¨#w6!*;Q+/3½:j[+6{R­Q[)ûj"2j)¨#4<t)*tŠ:+/73@#:*¨¿!3%ª;+M92:<;<1*DY{#:3Fˆ#%*;"|)Q*;<:= › +)3<;:×743@#9|R/¨_;w+/w3@#74¬)<&w6)<17*;:%½Q@R#w%*1"$- &L)ŠQ[:*;<&"2<&92:<;<
;L)3;"23"|#"2)9F+/w3@;7
§174<1†!- #:*_#4*;6!:#"$+/3‡+74*;<=_ڜ3w+)*;%:*¿#+&j*;+)j[:*;9$Rˆ+)*;*;::
-T+)*0#"$<3:*;()RN9$+/<;<:¨#&"$3F;*;):;"2+/3Nj+/"23@874<1}Q[S%4:#:*;w"23:%H=
©N@¶ŒF¨$¾%!4¶Œ˜À˜&¶5) . €$’4! µFŒ¶Œ-¬
Ő:6)74<; +)-#:"2*D*;92!#"|O/:9$R9$+/3(M9$"$-TY#"2w<:¨H#m
÷¥¨ ø ü ¨¿)3a
% ø jL)*t#"2:92:<D*1<179$;"23(
-T*1+/ #&%:66R<I+)-;&Y{s"|#%\<1#!#S@Rj*;+)3<I%466RN<1+/wS%"2<t)3:z-T*;+/,#&j*1"2)*1R
O)*t#Y{%:;*;w"234%Q@RM;‡¼)+/3h)3%;‡Y{s"|#:%sœ<t!;‡FRj*1+/3H=ŠÚœ3;‡6)<1‡+)-#"%$ú
ø ü ¨F#ã ûüM)34%#4 %:;*1"$3};¥j4*;"2)*tRŠO/:*1;Y{[=^ڜ3a#}6!<;¥+!&- "'$³ú ø ü_¨
;F û ü )3%a; ü %:;*;w"234I#4¥j*1"2)*1R‡O)*1;Y{[=^Bz%Y#:*;w"23L!;"2+/3w+)-H;zj*1"2)*1R
O)*t#Y{\-T+/*83:74#*;)9@Rj[:*;+/3¢%466R<¥"$3@O/+/9|Os"$3(‡#É ÷Ð"2<892:<;<}+/Q@O"2+/7<-T+/*8<1:O/:*#)9.*;)<;+)3<=
B4w+)39$R5L)*1(/%­jL)*t#"2:92:+/w"23( -T*1+/ ;j*;"$a!*1R\O/*t#¡{­"2<¥;K
ûü_=B92"|-T:;"2w
+!-_#4c ÷Ð"2<8#D92+)3(/<t¥+!-¿#&#4*;ˆ(/*;+)73%M<t!;ˆ@Rj*;+)3<z%"$<;74<;<;:%Á~ S)(Ÿ; € “ ‚ Ø: ƒ =
ŽÌ<;"$(/3"$y6)3@†374Q[:*0+)-;<1zjL)*t#"2:92:<%:66R +/7s#<;"$%I;I#)*;():6= › +)3<;:×743@#9|R/¨L7<1"23(
;zL!*;(/:%\j)*1;"29$<-T*1+/ #S%:66R +!-.; ÷Ã6Ra(/"|O/z<1¼)Y…:%M*;:<;79|#<:=†]L7*t#:*;w+/*;!¨
;Q6) 6)343+)&Q7<;:%½!<& +/3<t#*;)"23@z-T+/*I#O)*1;Y{hj+/<1"$#"$+/3¢Q)7<;;‡<;Q" ‡+);j+!#+/3‡Q6) <;j+)K!¿;0!*;(/Y²"2<^)Q+/740 -T+)* ? =VUDWS:XÃj*;"$a)*tRD92::;*;+/3Q6)\=
B4a92:3();½+)-†#w)*1(/: ~t ‚ = UG ƒ %+<ˆ3+)Š)929$+Œ… ; ¡œj+/<;"|#"2+)3­;+MQ:+/3<1;*#)"$3%
O)*tRN…:929¹=^]„"23L)9$9$R)¨;&7*1*;3@}O/:*1#¡{\*;:+/3<t#*17:;"2+/3\+%&"2<9$"2w"$#:%a#+7<1"23(wL)*1(/%
;*#)¼F<:=5B<;+/9$74#"$+/3h#+5;"2<D×F7L)3%)*1Rª+/w<&-T*;+) ;a+)Q<;:*1O!!#"$+/3ª;L!D#j*;+!#+/3
#)¼):<¿w+/<1_+)-L#+/w3@;7•"23Š;0%:66cR ÷Xú¬E =_]L+/*„;"2<„6)<1)¨/#40j*;"$a!*1RSO/:*1;Y{
"$<})jj*1+Œ{s"$a!;9|R %Y#*1"$3%\-T*;+/x;D"23@#:*;<;::;"2+/35Q[Yœ…:3¢#4ˆj*1+)#+)3M)34%5#4Š¼)+/3
;*#)¼F<:=
s"$3#N%"$*;::#"$+/3<"$3¾#N92)Q¾+)-8;Nj*;+!#+/3À)34%¾#…
÷°!*;N3+)3:<;<;)*;"$9$Rª#
<;)w)¨474<;"234(# ûü!3%N#zj4*;+);+/3 #+‡%Y#:*;w"23¥;zj*1"2)*1RO)*1;Y{G:+/79$% "23@#*1+s%47
<tR<1#:a#"2I*1*;+/*1<=²Úœ3N+/*1%*K#+×F7L)3@;"$- Rw#"$<*1*;+/*:¨ ûü
÷Ìý¬YO/3@;<8…†*1S(/34*##% …8"|#
WD)74<;<;"2)3%"$<1#*1"2Q7s#"2+)3M"23\{h)3%¢R ~ ]l ; ‹4= ‘a: ƒ !3%ha¸™!S%4"2<1;*;"$Q74#"$+/3M"$i
3 G~ -T*;+/—§Ø
U/€
: ;+ W Øz: ƒ -T+)*¿#j*1"2)*1RDO/:*1;Y{[=²B8*;:+/3<t#*17:;%O)*t#"2:<²…†*;;3w+/wjL)*1%
;+Š#4z(/34*##% O)*t#"2:<:=]_"$(/7*1 p = ‘Š<1+Œ…8<8;z*1<;749$#<:=²Ž¥9|#+/74(/a#4z%"$Ü[*13:<"$3{
!3%MR53@;*S+/3:*;+4¨J#Š%"$Ü[*13:"23iŠQ[Yœ…:3h#*1:+/3<1;*;7Y#:%hO)*t#"2:<&)34%¢#
()3:*#!;%NO/:*1#"$:<}"$<0+)Ü[<;Y})Q[+)74}‹4= ? UŠÞ+/3\ŒO)*;)(/)=^B&*1+)3<1;*;7Y#%GO/:*1;"2:<})*;
<192"$(/@#9$Rw<tRs<t#:a!;"2)929|R %+Œ…83<t#*;)—+)-.#S;*;7SO/:*1;"2:<=
Bwj*1"2)*1R\O/:*1#¡{ª%"2<t#*;"$Q74;"2+/3<z-T+)*z#w*;)9²%L!#\!*;<;+Œ…83¾"$3yL(/7*1 p = €s=B
{)3%R¢%4"2<1;*;"$Q74#"$+/3<S!*;)jj4*;+6{s"2!#:9$RMWD!7<;<1"')3hQ74S…8"|#9$+/3(N3+/3tW&)7<;<1"')3¢#)"29$<
j4*;+/QL!Q9$Rw)*1"2<1"23(D-T*;+/ j+s+/*19$R*1+)3<1;*;7Y#%G#*;)¼F<=²Bz#)"29$<^+)-#B Yœ%4"2<1;*;"$Q74#"$+/3)*;
<1"2w"292)*;9|Rˆ9$+/3(=_ڜ3#4¥92"$(/@K+)-H#4<;Iœ…++)Q<;:*1O!!#"$+/3<KÚ^)jj9$"2:%aŠ*1+/7(/:R92"$3%*1"26!9L74
+)3G;&j*;"$a!*1RwO/*t#¡{5-T*1+/,#Œ‹4=VUŠx;+ W Ø4=VUx"$Ÿ
3 ˆ!3% > =V‹‡:—*#)%"2)929|R/=
‰z3:M#Mj*;"$a)*tR O/:*1#¡{Ð"2<%:;*1"$3%H¨})9$98L)*;()%ÐjL)*t#"2:92:<a+)"$3(ª-T*1+/·#
j4*;"2)*tR5"$3@#*;):;"2+/3j+/"$3FS)*;‡:+/*;*1:;%h-T+/*S34*;(!R92+/<1<;:<S"23##)*;():&!#:*;"'!9¹¨™#
#)*;():}…0)9$92<:¨[#4Š6!*;Q+/3j+6{sR5Q6) j"2j)¨[)3%¢;Š<t)*tS+)73@#*:=zB‡:3*1()RM9$+/<;<1<
"$3 #&%*1"$- 8L!Q[:*8a!;*1"')9[)3%G#D)"$*)*1D"$(/3+/*1%H=
]L+/*z;)<;w…8*1m
÷•ú E ¨#4w<1:+/3%L)*tRhO/*t#¡{½"$<S…:929|¤%:y3%ªQFR;w"23@#:*t
<1Y#"2+)3 +)-8#Nj*1+)#+)3 !3%¾# ;*#)¼F<:=½BGw+/:3@M+)-8;<1\j)*1;"29$<‡!*;N)9$<;+
:+/*;*1Y#%G-T+/*:3*1()RG92+/<1<;:<=
iL$ ’ˆé6˜™ù Pš)¶P%.Û&¤˜™ 3.
.–%+*.,²ª-*ª„š@Tª é
é
î
s"$3
"$<S)3"23@O!)*1"')3@S×F7L)3@;"$œR/¨"|z<1+/79$%­34+)S%:j[:3%ª+)3¢#‡¼)+/3Š92)
Qh )3()92<:©
4+P…†:O)*:¨}yL()7*;:< p = ‚ )3% p =$6‹)Ž <1+Œ… %4j3%:3+!- . )34% +/3/
!3%10
!< )<;74*;%ÐQ@RÃ;%*;"|- L!Q[:*;<:= ]L+/* <1a)9$9I92)QÐ)3()92<~x ? U2 ƒ ¨};)<;74*;%
@Rj*;+)3Na)<1<0%:*;)<;:<8*#)j"$%9$R…8"|#G)3()92)=_B„+‡:+/*;*1:-T+/*†;"2<0%4:O"'!;"2+/3aچ!¨% §17<1#
)(/34"$#74%z+)-.#&w+/w3@#7):+/*;%4"23(‡#+‡;S-T+/*;749'4¦
= W
E3 ;  W
~ p = ‚@ƒ
E
ö > +/< ~tö > 4 +/< ƒ _ I
…84*; =ÜÇ > ? “ +
‹ 5ÁŒ‹ 76 )3% Ç > p 8
€ 5ÁŒ‹ 79 =B4w:+/*;*1Y#"2+)3­%4"$Ü[*;<S<192"$(/@#9$R\-T*;+)
<1Y#+/*G#+À<;::;+/*=—Ä^)Ì<;::#+)4 *53:%<\“ #+ÁQ[­)5% §17<1;%̅8"|# *;:<;j:5#+Á+/3­)3+!#:*¦
<1+/w+)-K#‡…8"2%s#<S+)-†w"2<;<1"23(aa)<1<Sj[)¼F<&+/w-T*;+/ j[++/*z"$3@#*16)9$"2Q*;!#"$+/3MQ:œ…†:3
;<1:;+/*;<:=Ú}+/*1*;YS#:
0­%j3%43:w…8"|#hN<;:+/3%œ+/*1%*Sj+/9$R3+)"2)9-T+/*;\=&B"2<
%4j3%:3)9$<;+ O!)*;"$<z-T*1+/ <1:;+/*S#+N<1:;+/*=‡B4w<;)w‡+/*1*;Y#"$+/3<z…†*;)jj492"2:%¢#+
;G+):3F#­+!-S)9$90j[+)<;"$;"$O)\j)*1;"29$<:z
= .}+ª:+/*;*1:;"2+/3À…)<a!jj92"$%À#+h#\w+/:3@
+!-ˆ34(@!;"$O)¢jL)*t#"2:92:<=ZB<1ª!*;j7*19|RÃwj"$*;"2)98+/*1*;::#"$+/3<N"$3F;3%4%®#+Á):+/73@
-T+)*‡<;+/wN<1R<1;!#"$G*;*1+/*;<"$3À;G+):3F;7 *1:+/3<1;*;7Y#"$+/3 ;L!w+/<19$"2¼):9$R¾)*;"$<;
-T*1+/,"23L)%4×F7L!;S73%:*;<1#)3%"$3(+)-#&)(/3Y#"$IyL:92%H=²B:<;Dj*;+)Q92:<!*;z<t#"29$9J734%*
"$3@O/<t#"$(@!#"$+/3NQ@R #4&;*#)¼F"$3(a!3%G%*;"|- 8L)Q*8Y{sj*t#<=
]_"$(/7*1< p = ØÁ!3% p =|Œ‹/Å <;4+P… #­U %j34%3:"2:<¢!- ;*N#­+)*;*;::;"2+/3<GL6O)½Q3
!jj92"$%H=_s"$3Y%U #4Æ ÷z~t/)Œ‘ ƒ )34%w;ã ø ~t_\/U ŒØ >@ƒ )*;<1+ˆ3)*;*1+P… ~T;892"$-TY#"$:<¿)*1Š~ ? “ ‘ >@? ë
‹ “ ‹ ? ‹ ƒ 5ÃŒ‹ )34% ~¹€ “ p 랋 “ € ƒ 5Ã6‹ ¨¿*;:<;jY#"$O)9|R ƒ ¨²#a…8"$%4#4<+)-8#aj[)¼F<"23
y(/7*; p =VUŠ)*;Ij7*19$R"234<1#*17w3@)9q=_BS<t)34%L)*;%N%4:O"'!;"2+/34<)*1&€ “ > ! ë ‹ “ ‹ p 5YX•)3%
Counts
U‚
=
2000
<
1000
;
Counts
?
=
;
0
-10 -7.5 -5 -2.5
0
>
2.5
5
7.5
10
∆x (cm)
A) Difference between x coordinates
2000
1000
;
Counts
@
;
0
-10 -7.5 -5 -2.5
0
>
2.5
5
10
A7.5(cm)
∆y
B) Difference between y coordinates
2000
1000
;
B
0
-10 -7.5 -5 -2.5
;
0
2.5
>
5
7.5
10
∆z (cm)
C) Difference between z coordinates
T
.P5i.$³ › +)jL!*;"2<1+/3NQ:œ…†3M(/3:*#!;%\j*;"$a!*1RwO/*t#"$<I)3%
*;:+/3<t#*;74:#:%MO/:*1;"2:<I74<;"234(;&j*;+!#+/3\)3%\¼)+/3N#*;)¼F<=
®20
Counts
y (cm)
U)Ø
15
­5
10
c6000
7000
­5000
b0
-5
¯4000
3000
-10
2000
-15
1000
-20
-20
-10
b0
10 D
®20
b0
-10
x (cm)
-5
A) K Cp vertex y vs. x
+
G
d9000
8000
c6000
7000
K
10
F y (cm)
¯3000
I
800
J
°4000
®2000
600
400
200
1000
-10
­5
1000
­5000
b0
b0
B) y axis projection
Counts
Counts
E
d8000
-5
b0
­5
H
10
x (cm)
0
-20
M
-10
C) x axis projection
H
0
10
L
20
z (cm)
D) z axis projection
NPORQTSVUXWZYV[]\
^`_badcfehgjikemln
oqprisgsoutv
ikouwfxpzy|{~}€eh‚ƒ…„grw†‡ueˆoux8l‰‚xndŠT‹P}
ŒgswXŽrezzikouwfx‰wfxik‘e~Š’“‚Xlbouph‹T”P}€„gsw!Žrehzisoqwfxdwfxisw•l,’“‚!l
ouph‹–—}˜m’™„grwXŽrehšikouwfxdw›-is‘e
^ _ adcehgrisoqzehpœps‘wžŸoqx
:is‘e—ešl7ikezx,i¡w›¢ik‘e~ik‚gs feši£y¤P‘eˆnwirikeznZ‡uoqxezp€oqxd„‡uwikpŸP}
‚x
n ”P}€oqx
noqh‚ike¥is‘e—„¦wpsouisoqwfxw›-is‘e~i)‚gr feziP‚‡q‡uphy¤P‘e—§|¨©pœw›-is‘eªl‰‚xnŠ
nouprisgsoqt
v
ikouwfxp€#ehgse y¬«­•hƒ®‚xn y¯«°•zƒZ±
gsehpr„¦ezzisoucfez‡uŠy
D‹
\‹
/‹
°
²
1.2
1.1
¸
1³
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
0.8
1.1
1³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
·
1.1
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
0.8
³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
·
0.6
³
0.7
³
0.8
Sector 5
³
0.6
³
0.9
µ
²
´cos (ΘK¶
·
1
LAB)
³
0.7
0.8
³
0.9
·
1
·
1
´cos (µΘK¶
LAB)
1.3
²
1.2
²
1.1
1³
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
LAB)
0.8
Sector 4
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
³
³
0.5
Sector 2
1
1.1
0.5
1³
LAB)
1.2
1³
1.2
1
1.3
²
²
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
²
Sector 3
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
³
1.3
1.2
1.3
¸
Sector 1
²
²
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
1.3
+
2
MX(K X) (GeV )
²
³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
LAB)
1.3
²
1.2
1.1
1³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
³
0.8
Sector 6
NPO¹QTS¢U!WZY¢[uº
»~gswvxnb’¼pri)‚Xike~‘Š7„¦ezgswfxZƒ8‚prpŸneh„Tehxn
ehxze
wx‰zwfpT½¿Á¾ Àj t¦eš›¹wfgse—hwgsgsezzisoqwfxpœ‚gre—‚„„‡uoqeznÃy
³
0.9
µ
²
´cos (ΘK¶
·
1
LAB)
°
Ä
²
1.2
1.1
¸
1³
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
0.8
1.1
1³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
·
1.1
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
0.8
³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
·
0.6
³
0.7
³
0.8
Sector 5
³
0.6
³
0.9
µ
²
´cos (ΘK¶
·
1
LAB)
³
0.7
0.8
³
0.9
·
1
·
1
´cos (µΘK¶
LAB)
1.3
²
1.2
²
1.1
1³
³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
LAB)
0.8
Sector 4
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
³
³
0.5
Sector 2
1
1.1
0.5
1³
LAB)
1.2
1³
1.2
1
1.3
²
²
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
²
Sector 3
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
³
1.3
1.2
1.3
¸
Sector 1
²
²
MX(K+X) (GeV2)
1.3
+
2
MX(K X) (GeV )
²
³
0.9
´cos (µΘK¶
LAB)
1.3
²
1.2
1.1
1³
0.5
³
0.6
³
0.7
³
0.8
Sector 6
N O¹Q¦SVU!WYV[uÅ
P
»~gswfv
xnb’™pji)‚ise—‘,Š7„TehgrwfxZƒÆ‚prp
n
eh„TehxnezxheÇwfxdhwfp½¿©¾ Àj ‚›]isehgPhwgsgsezzisoqwfxpœ‚gre—‚„„‡uoqeznÃy
³
0.9
µ
²
´cos (ΘK¶
·
1
LAB)
+
MX(K X) (GeV)
°È
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.15
1.1
1.05
1
-150
-100
-50
É0
Ê 50
100
150
Ì
φ (degrees)
(A) Before corrections
+
MX(K X) (GeV)
Ë 200
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.15
1.1
1.05
1
-150
-100
-50
É0
Ê 50
100
(B) After corrections
150
Ì
Ë 200
φ (degrees)
N ORQTSVUXWZYV[ÎÍ,Ï
P
»~gswvxnb’¼pri)‚Xike~‘Š7„¦ezgswfxZƒ8‚prpPneh„Tehx
nehxze%wfxÐ ¾ÒÑ {~}€tTez›¹wfgre—is‘e
Ðdneh„Tehx
nehxiœhwfgrgsezzikouwfxpP‚gse~‚„
„‡qouehn‚x
n Ñ P}‚X›]ikehg#ik‘eªzwfgsgrehšikoqwxpP‚gre~‚„„‡uoqeznÃy
°fÓ
°bԯȭˆÕ×ÖbÔ¬ÖfÓØZezÙ%±Úgrehps„TehšikoÛcfeh‡ÛŠfy`#ez›¹wfgre+hwfgrgsezzikouwfxpz±Úik‘ešŠ#ehgredÜ
ÔÁ°«~Õ×Ö
ÔÁÖÝØZešÙ®‚xn
«7Ô¯È֟ÕÞÖbÔ¬Ö­ÆØZešÙ'±grehps„TehšikoÛcfeh‡ÛŠfy
YV[RÍ[uß
àÇáUXU!W7âã!O¹áTäåáæPã!ç¢WèÚçVáãžáTäÞéW7êë
W7äVW,UXQì
í cfezx‚›]isehghwfgrgsezzikoux Ǜ¹wgîezxehgr Š:‡qwfprpî‚xn8n
oqpriswfgrisoqwfx
pw›is‘e¡ƒ:wfƒ:ehxi)‚ˆ‚p#‚—›¹v
xzisoqwfx
|
w›Ÿ‚x f‡ue±¢ik‘eÆïð‚x
nòñóô„¦eh‚õ,p'‚gre8‡uw!#ehgˆik‘‚xöik‘eÆxwfƒ:oqx‚‡|c‚‡qvezpǛ¹wfg—ik‘eƃ8‚pspsezp'tŠ
‚t¦wfvbi~Ó
yÁÜdØZezÙ÷‚xnÈby¬Üd؉ezÙ'±gsehpr„¦ezzisoucfez‡uŠy%øŸhwfgrgsezzi~ik‘
eôƒ8‚prpª„Te£‚õ,p—tŠ ƒ'v‡Ûikou„‡uŠ7oqx
is‘e•„‘wiswfxöezxehgr Šùgsez„¦wgrikeznötŠùik‘e•i)‚ f fehg—grehpsv
‡uiˆt‚xõ`tŠúÄfyÁÖfÖf°
y:¤P‘oupÇoup—ŸoÛik‘oux`ik‘e
ezgsgrwfgspPw›-ik‘e—„groqƒÆ‚grŠÆtTe£‚ƒû‚xni)‚ f ehgPƒÆ‚ fxešiŸ£‚‡uoqtgs‚ikouwfxphy
ü¡ý¼þ
ÿ
œwi¡‚‡q‡Ã„
‘,Š7proq£‚‡&gseh oqwfxpŸw›-ik‘eǔ&{cfwf‡uvƒ:e—‚gseˆ‚šikouceÇn
ve~ikw•ik‘e—ps‘‚nwž
w ›-ik‘e
proÛlpsv„Tehgrhwfx
nvzisoqx dzwfoq‡up~‚xn is‘eô‘wf‡uehp~oqx is‘eôv„pjikgre£‚ƒ ‚xnùnwžŸxprisgseh‚ƒ nougsehšikouwfxp
greh‡q‚ikoÛcfe'ikwdik‘
e•ik‚gs ezi£yƌ-w7wfgr‡uŠ grehzwfxprisgsvšikeznöikgs‚)õ,p%£‚x„Twfoqxi~isw!‚grnik‘
ehpse:neh‚nögreš’
oqwfxpzy vgjik‘ezgsƒ:wfgse±#‚Xiôik‘edehn
fehp•w›Ÿik‘
eZ‚zikoÛcfe+cwf‡qvƒ:ew›ª” &{
ik‘ed‚zhez„
i)‚x
he‰oqp
„Tw7wfgª‚x
n`£‚xù)‘‚x
feôgk‚„
oqn‡ÛŠfy—ø™x`wfgsn
ehgªikwƒ:oqx
oqƒ:oq˜he~is‘ehpreô„gswft
‡qehƒ:ph±ø¡‚x‚‡uŠ7˜zehnùwfx‡ÛŠ
is‘wfpreˆešcfezx,isp¡Ÿ‘wpse—ikgk‚)õ7pŸ›¹eh‡u‡ÃŸouis‘oqx+is‘eˆ†nvhoq‚‡cwf‡qvƒ:e—nehprhgroqtTehn‰t¦ez‡qwž ‚x
nZpr‘wžŸx
oux† vgse­yÛÄfÄfy¤-gs‚)õ,pô„¦wfouxikoqx
Zikw is‘e+zwfoq‡upˆ#ehgreeh‡qouƒÆoux‚isehnñڂp%#ehgse+cehgjŠö›¹wfgj€‚grnb’
„Twfoux,isoqx isgk‚)õ,phyd¤P‘eÆps‘‚nwž w›is‘e8zwfoq‡up~oqxzgse£‚psehpÇoqx Ÿoqn
is‘ö‚pDŽ‚gjikoqz‡qe¨Áp~ikgs‚!ŽrehšikwfgjŠ
„Twfoux,isp¥z‡qwfprehg¥isw+ik‘e%›¹wgr‚gsnù‘wf‡uey~¤P‘eôzv
ikpª#ehgreônezisehgrƒÆouxehn`ezƒÆ„ougsou£‚‡u‡uŠfyª»—oÛcfezx ik‘e
‡q‚t ,v‚xikoÛikouehp|a&±½7±‚xnZТ±‚x
n‰is‘e—)‘‚gs e 7±
is‘e—hv
iŸc‚‡qv
ehpœ‚gse~ oucfezxZtŠ
JK
½ _
_ Ä*),+.-0/132
4 -6587:9 KL
!#" ½ ó%_ $ ½ &(
'
Ñ ­yRQ}
; Ð _ " Ð ó_ Ñ hwp Ñ ½) ½=<?>.Î@ }s}ACB K ›¹wfgNPO Ö
‹
K
D _ "E' +.- 4 /- 132 5FHG:I M
½~ ½~ ½ JK
ó$
!
#"
&
óTS ó 4 - _ +.- /132 L
; Ð " Ð:ó Ñ psoqx Ñ ½ò
) ½ U! }r} A œ K ›¹wfgNPV Ö
y
Ñ ­yÛĞÖ}
D " Ö
ÔuÄ ' +.- /- 132 5 FHG 7 M
ŸoÛik‘•ik‘eœ fezxehgs‚‡hwfx
nouisoqwfxpis‘‚i ; ÐWÞ
V È­Y#X ‚xnƽOĞÖ8Xî‚xnƝŸ‘
ehgseZ'oqpis‘e¡ƒÆ‚ fx
ouikv
ne
w›¦is‘eŸhvgrgsehxi Ñ Ä[QfÈÖ~{~}|oqxôik‘
e¡prv„¦ezgszwfxnvšikoux %zwfoq‡up|vpsezn8nv
gsoqx
ˆis‘e¡»•Ä£{/emlb„¦ezgsoqƒ:ehxi
‚xnWZ À
\ oup¥ik‘
e'ƒ8‚!l
ouƒ'vƒ®hv
gsgsezxi Ñ ÓfÜf°Ö8{~}¥‚‡q‡qwž#ehnÃy~¤P‘
eôhwfxpji)‚xispǽ _ ±&½ _ ±&½=<?>.™@ ±&½~ ó
ó
&
‚xn‰½ ‚gseôĞÖ]Xh±TÈfÝ]hX ±T«Ý]hX ±ÃĞÖ]hX ±‚xn Ä!Ý]hX ±
gsehpr„¦ezzisoucfez‡uŠy
&
¤P‘e%ƒÆouxoqƒ'v
ƒû„‘wiswfx`ehxezgs ŠZgse^,
voqgrehnùoqxis‘e'prw›]i™€‚gse%‚pôÄfy¬Èf«fÝ+»~ezÙ%y¤P‘e%ƒÆouxb’
ouƒ'vƒûƒ:wfƒ:ehxikvƒû›¹wfgŸik‘
e'õX‚wfx h‚xnoun‚ikezp¥gre_,
voqgrehn`ouxik‘eÇpsw›]i™‚gre'€‚pªÖ
y¬ÓfÝ8»~ezÙX` y
¤P‘
eˆƒÆ‚Xlboqƒ%vƒõX‚wxZƒ:wfƒ:ehxikvƒoqxdpsw›]i™€‚gre~€‚pˆÄfy¬«•»—ešÙ` y
cos (θ
K
LAB)
°­
1
0.8
H
0.6
H
0.4
H
0.2
H
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
H
-150
-100
H
-50
a50
0
100
π
LAB)
cos (θ
φ
K
+
A) Fiducial region for K particles
1
0.8
H
0.6
H
0.4
H
0.2
H
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
150
LAB
H
-150
-100
-50
H
a50
100
150
B) Fiducial region for π particles
φ
NPO¹QTS¢U!WZY¢[RÍÍ
0
b
-
Úounvzo ‚‡Tcfwf‡uvƒÆey
π
LAB
°Ý
dc
e gf
hij
fkmlonihipqUfrs3tuvswxf
wfg‰ezcehxikp is‘‚i zwfxi)‚ouxounehxikoۆehn„gswiswfxׂxnzy isgk‚)õ,pz±Çik‘
eöƒ:wfpriZpsou fxou†£‚xi
prwfvgrhehpŸw›-t‚)õ, fgrwfvxnZnve~ikw•ƒ:oqproqnezx,isou†eznõX‚wfxpœ‚greªik‘e—„grwbnv
zikouwfx‰‚xndpsv
tpse^7v
ehxi
n
eh£‚£Š7pœw›U{ Ñ «ÜÈf}#‚xn%| Ñ «f«Öf}oqxik‘e—gre£‚šikoqwxp
|P~‚Vy _ƒy Ñ ­yÛÄfÄ!}
} a~ € asaœ{| ‹
‹z{„~‚V
y _ƒy y ó
ø™x`is‘ehpreƏh‚psezp—is‘e•ƒÆoupj’¼oqnezx,isou†ezn`õX‚wfxpª#ehgre8‚šikv‚‡q‡uŠ%V
y _Ú¨©phyô{¡psprvƒÆoux ik‘‚Xi~ik‘e•õX‚wfx
h‚xnoun‚isehp&ezgse#„oqwfx
ph±øhwfƒ:„v
isehn—ik‘e#ƒÆoupspsoux Ÿƒ8‚psp&›¹gswfƒ×is‘eîgse£‚zikouwfx } a…~ apV
y _ƒy p† y
¤P‘
e%gsezpsv‡Ûiªoup¥ps‘
w!Ÿx`ouxZ† vgseÇ­yuĞÈ{%yT{ð‡q‚gs fe—pr„oqõeô‚iª˜zehgrw+ƒÆoupsproqx :ƒ8‚psp¥pg,
v‚gsezn`£‚x
tTe8prehezx xešl7i'isw ‚prƒ8‚‡u‡qezgˆ„Te£‚õ‚XiÇis‘e+ƒÆ‚pspÇpT,
v‚grehn w›€is‘e…&y óhyZ¤P‘e8‡ ‚gr feƑ,vƒ:„ w›
zwfvxikpœ‚tTwžcfe—ik‘e&
y óŸ„Te£‚õoupPnve~ikwôis‘e~ikgsv
eˆõX‚wxphy
ou fvgrehp­yÛÄ!Èf”ú‚xn:­yuĞÈúpr‘wžÞik‘
e¡x‚gsgswž‡{ „Te£‚õ•‚xn:is‘eŸtgswf‚nehgˆ%| „Te£‚õ'psez‡qehšikezn
Ú
tŠdzv
isisoqx :wfxZis‘eˆ˜hehgrwƃ:oqprpsoux •ƒ8‚prp¡pg,
v‚gsezn „Te£‚õd‚x
nZik‘
e&y 󡄦eh‚õ±gsehpr„¦ezzisoucfez‡uŠy€¤-w
grehƒ:wžcfe~ik‘oupPhwfxik‚ƒÆoux‚isoqwfx+ø#hv
i¡‚tTwžcfe~ik‘
eÃ
y ó¡„Te£‚õ8oqx† fvgre—­yuĞÈ{҂iœÖ
yÁÖÈf«fÝP‰ŠC‹ y
7
ü¡ý¹ü
ŒYqUfrsŽgfks‘q“’(”[•–•–•˜—™
¤P‘eŸnwƒÆoux‚xinez£‚£Šôƒ:wbnePïš)ƒ~ apy w7hhv
gspî°fÓ
yRQY› w›Tis‘ePikouƒÆe‹ïš)œ~žƒy ó w7hzvgsp
ÓfÝby¬Ü8› w›Tis‘e€ikouƒÆeyU1
Ÿ oÛik‘%is‘oqpÚoqxôƒ:oqxn%#eP‡qw7wfõ—oqxÇik‘eŸ‚x‚‡uŠ7psoup-›¹wfgÚešl
‚zis‡uŠÇik‘greheP)‘‚gr fehn
„‚grisoqh‡uehp Ñ „grwikwxñ¦õX‚wxñ‚xn`„oے¼ƒÆoux,vp)}€oqx‰ik‘eˆ†x‚‡-prik‚ikeyª
xhe%‚‡q‡&is‘e'hwgsgsezzisoqwfxpœikw
ü¡ý
is‘e'ƒ:wfƒ:ehxi)‚+‚gseô‚„
„‡qouehnñTik‘e%›¹wvgj’¼ƒÆwfƒ:ehxisvƒ®w›ik‘eôï Ñ ÄfÄĞ°}Poqpªgrehhwxprisgsvšikehnù›¹gswƒ
is‘e%›¹wfv
gj’™ƒ:wfƒ:ehxi)‚:w›ik‘eô„
gswiswfxù‚xn`„o-ƒÆoux,vp¥Ÿouis‘ ik‘eôzwfxnoÛikouwfxZis‘‚iªis‘eôoqxc‚gsoq‚xi
ƒÆ‚prpPw›-is‘ePa
tTe~hwfxproqpjikehxiœŸouis‘Z‚ôï¡y Úoq fv
gseª­yÛĞÓôps‘
w!ŸpŸik‘
eˆouxc‚gso ‚x,i€ƒ8‚prpPw›¢ik‘e
„
gswiswfxb’™„
oÃÆoux,vp€„‚oug€›¹wfgPezcehxikp¡oqx+is‘e—ešlbhoÛikehn7’™prik‚ike—greh fouwfxdw›Ú‘Š7„TehgswxƒÆ‚psp Ñ Äfy¯ÈÝ!’)ÄfyÁÜ
»~ezÙ~}šy¦ø¼i—„¦eh‚õ,pǂXiªik‘eôï Ñ ÄfÄĞ°}¡ƒÆ‚psp¡Ÿouik‘ ‚+‡uwfx +i)‚oq‡Vikwd‡ ‚gr fehg¡oqxc‚gsoq‚xi~ƒÆ‚psprehphyǤ-w
ounehxisou›]Šik‘
e' fgswvxnb’¼pri)‚Xike'ï øP„v
i—‚8zv
i~tTezi™#ehezxåÄfyÛÄfÄfÄ£Ü+»~ezÙ ‚x
n ÄfyÛÄ!ÈbĞÜ8»—ešÙ ‚tTwfv
i
is‘eô„Te£‚õy Úoq vgseô­yÛÄ£­dps‘
w!Ÿp—ik‘
e:emlb„¦wfx
ehxikoq‚‡|›R‚‡q‡ ’™w ›¹wfgªis‘eôikgk‚£cehgsps‚‡w›îik‘e•ï ›¹gswƒ
is‘e¥„
gsoqƒÆ‚gjŠôikw'ik‘
e¥psezhwfx
n‚grŠÆcfezgrikemldoqxÆvxoÛikp€w›
y{¥x+eml
„Twfxezxiko ‚‡¦†i€isw%ik‘
oqp
n
oqprisgsoutv
ikouwfxd foucehp
«bԬܡÕ/Ö
ÔÁÓ:zƒ®›¹wgŸis‘e%n
eh£‚£Š‰hwxprik‚xi£±ouxZ wbw7n‚ fgsezehƒ:ehxi¡ŸoÛik‘
is‘eˆŒÚ‚gjikouh‡qeª–~‚i)‚:»~gswfv„¨Áp€c‚‡uve~w›«7y¬Ü ôzƒZy
Úou fvgre­yÛÄ!Ýpr‘wžŸpdis‘e ƒ:oqprpsoqx
öƒÆ‚psp+p ,v‚gsezn ›¹grwfƒ ik‘e`gre£‚šikouwfx
ï
›¹wfg
‘Š7„Tehgswx ƒÆ‚prpsehpouxÞik‘e`gs‚x feöÄfy¯ÈÝ!’)ÄfyÁÜ »~ezÙ%yP”v
irikoqx
wfx/ik‘e Ãó‰„Te£‚õ oqxÞis‘e gs‚x fe
Öby¬ÖfÖf«!’“Ö
yÁÖÈf«Ý
oqxÆik‘eªƒ:oqprpsoux %ƒÆ‚pspp ,v‚grehnd„‡qwi›¹wfg#‘,Š7„Tehgrwfxdƒ8‚prpsezp€oqx8is‘eªgs‚x fe
Äy¯Èfݞ’)ÄfyÁÜ:»—ešÙ Ñ † fvgreÇ­yÛÄ!Ýf}€grezcfeh‚‡qp¡‚Əz‡qeh‚x ñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜÝ}P„Te£‚õoqxdik‘eˆƒÆoupsproqx •ƒÆ‚psp Ñ † vgse
­
yuĞ°{~}š‹proqƒ:oq‡q‚gs‡ÛŠf±is‘e¥ƒ:oqprpsoux —ƒ8‚prp#w ‰is‘eœõ‚wfx8pr‘wžŸp#ik‘
e¥ps‘‚„¦e¡w›is‘e¥ï Ñ Ä£­fÖÝf}-Ÿ‘ezx
is‘eˆƒÆoupspsoux :ƒ8‚prp¡p ,v‚gsezn`oqpœhv
iª‚tTw!ceÇis‘e ó „¦eh‚õ Ñ † vgseÇ­yuÄ£°fP}šy¤P‘eÇï Ñ Ä!ÝfÈÖ}P‚‡upsw
pr‘wžŸpv„ñ,‚peml
„TehšikeznñbtTehh‚vpreœw›Tis‘eP‡ ‚gs fe€t
gk‚x)‘ Ñ ­È •}¢ikwˆñ y Úoqx‚‡q‡uŠ±† vgseP­yÛĞ°”
pr‘wžŸpœis‘e—ƒÆoupsproqx ôƒÆ‚pspP›¹wfg€is‘e—hwfv
x,isp¡ouxik‘e—„‘wikwfxd„Te£‚õ+tTezi™#ehezxZ’“Öby¬ÖfÖf«
‚xn
Öby¬ÖfÖÓÝ
y
py ¡
£.ª "
‰ŠC‹
7
8Q
g
®y
T
7
g
­‰°ŠC‹
]¢
U£¤ "¦¥ƒ§ }©¨
¯¢
°y
8›
xy ±
š«­¬W~
‰ŠC‹
†
7
Counts
°f°
²10 ´
10
³
2
²10
Counts
ºNothing missing
¸ π0
3
µ0
µ0.025 µ0.05 µ0.075 µ0.1 µ0.125 µ0.15 µ0.175 µ0.2
¶(A) Missing mass squared from ·γp→ pπ¸ +¸π-X (GeV2¹)
¼80
»60
ρ(770)
40
µ0µ
20
µ0.4
Counts
0.2
²15
µ0.6
µ0.8
+ (B) ¸π ¸π mass (GeV)
1
1.2
1
1.2
¾ω¶(782)
10
½5
µ0µ
0.2
µ0.4
µ0.6
µ0.8
+ - 0
(C) ¸π ¸π ¸π mass (GeV)
˜¿
–À
T
y
xy y P{
NPORQTSVU!WYV[RÍ
^ _ ƒ:oqproqnezxikou†£‚isoqwfx -{~}ŸØZoupspsoux •ƒ8‚pspPp ,v‚gsehn‰›¹gswfƒ
a
a _
ŸoÛik‘ik‘eˆ‚prpsvƒ:„
isoqwfxik‘‚iPik‘e—õX‚wfx‰£‚xnoqn‚ikezp¡‚gse _ ¨©phy¤P‘e
pr‘‚nezngreh fouwfxoqpPnwƒÆoux‚ikezndt,Š8ikgsv
eˆõX‚wxoq~ešcfehxisphy€€} _
oqxc‚gsoq‚xiPƒÆ‚psp
pr‘wžŸoqx 8„Te£‚õTy#”P} _
&óœoqxc‚gsoq‚xiPƒ8‚pspPps‘
w!Ÿoux ބTe£‚õy
} …~ y y †
¡|
ry y y
Counts
°«
I
400
Á350
ÂΛ(1116)
Á300
250
L
200
150
100
a50
H
0
1.08
1.1
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.2
ÃÄ
1.22
1.24
pπ- mass (GeV)
NPO¹QTS¢U!W‰YV[ÎÍ7ß
ø™xc‚gro ‚xiŸƒÆ‚pspPw›-„grwikwfx7’™„oÃ:oqx,vp„‚oqgrpPoqxešcfehxisp¡ik‘‚iŸhwfxik‚oqx
õX‚wfxd£‚x
noqn‚Xikehpœ‚x
nZeml
zouisehnb’¼pri)‚Xike—‘Šb„TehgrwfxƒÆ‚prpsehpŸtTezi™#ehezx Äfy¬ÈfÝ!’)Äy¬Ü•»~ezÙ%y
¤P‘e—n‚ps‘ezn‡qouxehpPpr‘wž×ik‘
eˆ‡uoqƒ:ouisp#w›¢ik‘
eˆzv
iœvpseznZisw:ounehxisou›]Š8is‘e—ï¥y
Counts
°fÜ
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Å40
Æx/γβ (cm)50
45
N ORQTSVUXWZYV[ÎÍY
P
&oۛ¹ezikouƒÆe¥w›-is‘e—ï Ñ ÄfÄfĞ°}›¹wfgPešlbhoÛikeznb’™pji)‚iseˆ‘Š7„Tehgswxp¡ouxik‘e
Äfy¬ÈfÝ!’)Äy¬Ü•»~ezÙ҃ƂpspŸgreh fouwfxÃy|¤P‘e~l,’“‚XlboupPoqp€ik‘
eˆ„
gswf„TehgPikouƒÆe¥oqxdvxoÛikpPw›-hƒ‰y¤P‘e
hv
grcfeˆoqpŸ‚xZeml
„Twfxezxiko ‚‡Ã†iPikwôik‘
eˆn‚i)‚
y
8Q
Counts
°
225
200
175
150
bπ0
125
100
75
Éγ
50
25
0
-0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
MÇ
X
ËÊ
T
Ì« ¬ ~
0.08
È
0.1
(K ΛX) (GeV )
2
NPO¹QTS¢U!W V
Y [RÍ
ØZoupspsoux •ƒ8‚pspŸp ,v‚grehn‰›¹gswfƒ
ï
‘Š7„TehgswxƒÆ‚psprehpŸoqxik‘
eˆgs‚x fe•Äfy¬ÈfÝ!’kÄfyÁܕ»—ešÙ'y
+
†
2
›¹wfg
Counts
«Ö
100
Σ (1385)
0
75
50
25
0
1.3
1.4
1.5
Í È
1.6
1.7
(A) K Λ(π ) events
Counts
+
ÎÏ
1.8
MY(GeV)
0
20
Λ(1405)
15
Λ(1520)
10
5
0
1.3
1.4
1.5
Ð ÆÍ È
1.6
1.7
Y
(B) K Λ(γπ ) events
Counts
+
ÑMÎ Ï(GeV)1.8
0
6
4
2
0
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
Ð ÆÈ
(C) K Λ(γ) events
+
ËÒ
1.7
ÑMÎ Ï(GeV)1.8
Y
NPO¹QTS¢U!WZY¢[RÍ
íÚlbhoÛikehn7’™prik‚ike—‘Š7„¦ezgswfxZƒ8‚pspœ‚pŸ‚ô›¹vxzisoqwfxdw›¢ikw„¦wf‡uwf Šy|{~}
^ _ ï Ñ Ãóm}ezcehxikpzy€P}P^ _ ï Ñ &óm}ešcfehxisphyP”P}P^ _ ï Ñ }ezcehxikpzyø™x‰e£‚)‘‰£‚pse—ik‘e
ƒÆoupsproqx ô„‚grikouh‡uehpP‚gre—oqxd„‚grehxik‘ezpsezphy
y
}y
}
«bÄ
ÓÌÔ(Õ#Ö®×±ØÙÛÚ
Ü ÔÝ%Þvß=àÞâáäã(Õ#å^Ý%Þ±ß=Þ
™ø xik‘
oqpP)‘‚„bikehgœøînehprhgsout¦e~is‘e~priseh„pŸikwž‚gsnpŸwftbi)‚ouxoqx •‚ôgs‚no ‚Xikouceªtgs‚x)‘oux •gk‚isoqw
›¹wgªešlbhoÛikeznb’™pji)‚iseô‘,Š7„Tehgrwfxp—oqx is‘e:ñ Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf} ï Ñ Äh­ÖÝf}Pgsez foqwfx`greh‡q‚ikoÛcfe%isw+ik‘eôgre£‚prwfx‚t‡ÛŠ
#eh‡u‡Û’¼õ7x
w!ŸxÇï &óÚnehh‚žŠÇ)‘‚x
xeh‡bw›ik‘e€ñó Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf}šyV¤P‘e#i)‚prõÇoup¢iswª‚prpsehprp|ik‘e#hwfxisgsoqt
v
ikouwfxp
iswœis‘e
}Ãnouprikgroqtvbikoqwx Ñ † fvgre°byuÄ!}m±is‘e#ƒ:oqprpsoux ¡ƒÆ‚prp-p 7v‚gsezn%›¹wfgVik‘eîgseh‚zisoqwfx
Ñ^ _ ï
a
^`_Ãï
y
Næ ç
} …~ 7 †
xy
§
†
g
è ý é
ê„ëíì*kxîswxfïîsqëœswxf
œwi~‚‡u‡&w›ik‘
e%hwvxikpªouxik‘ey ó „Te£‚õ‰oqx‰ik‘e­æ ç Ñ ^`_ï † }œnouprikgroqtvbikoqwx Ñ † fvgre'°
yÛÄ!}
zwfƒ:e¥›¹gswfƒ÷ik‘e~n
eh£‚£Šdw›Vis‘eˆñó Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf}šy¤€#w•pswfv
gshez7 p¡w›ðj„‘ŠbproqzpTñ:t‚)õ, fgswvxnp¡‚gse—^ ¬
„
gsw7nvzisoqwfxd‚xn ñ _ ~ a&
y óŸnehh‚žŠ7pzy
ÊÃ[RÍ[RÍ
y óòõô W7ä¦ãCö
ñ _
©y 8Q ÷ƒy
py
 wik‘Æis‘e~ñ ó Ñ ÄžÓfÜÝ}‚xn8ik‘
e¥ï Ñ Ä£­ÖÝ}h‚x+nez£‚£Š:ikwôñ€_

y¤P‘e¡gk‚isehp€‚gse¥n
wfƒÆoux‚isehn
tŠÞis‘e`nez£‚£Š1w›ˆik‘eùï Ñ Ä£­ÖÝ}Ænve iswòis‘eù‡ ‚gr fehg8tgk‚x
)‘ Ñ xwfƒ:oqx‚‡u‡uŠåÓfÓ
hwfƒ:„‚grehn
isw ° •}myZ¤P‘e8nwfƒ:oqx‚xiÇnehh‚£Šötgs‚x)‘ezp%›¹wfgˆik‘e+ñ _Ñ ÄfÄ£Ü }—‚gse
_ Ñ ­Ü
yÁÓ •}ˆ‚xna &ó
›¹grwfƒ is‘e•nehh‚žŠ w›#ik‘e•ï Ñ Ä£­ÖfÝf} ñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}¡ikw
Ñ ÝbÄfy¬Ý •}šy•¤P‘eÆoqxc‚gsoq‚xi~ƒ8‚psp—w›is‘e
ñ _
‚xn•ik‘eŸ„grwikwfxô›¹grwfƒ is‘eŸpsvtpre ,vezx,inehh‚£Š•w›¦is‘e¡ñ _ iswPa &󍛹wfgsƒ:p‚ªŸoqneŸtv
ƒÆ„
Ÿ‘
wfpse8ik‚oq‡›R‚‡u‡qp—vxn
ehgsx
e£‚is‘ ik‘e+ï „¦eh‚õùoqxö† fvgseÆ­yÛÄžÓ ‚xn ‚p%pr‘wžŸxúoux† vgsedÝ7yuÄ£{Çy
¤P‘
e~ƒÆoupspsoux ôƒÆ‚pspPw Zik‘e
›¹wfg
Pezcfezxikpœoqxik‘e~‘Š7„TehgswxZƒÆ‚pspPgs‚x feôÄy¬Ó­X’)Äfy©­Óô»~ezÙ
pr‘wžŸp~‚8„grwfƒ:oqxezx,i¡„Te£‚õ‰‚iœik‘eôñ _Ñ ÄfÄ£Ü }Pƒ8‚prp Ñ † fvgreôÝbyÛĞP}myT¤P‘
e'ps‘‚nehn`‘oupriswf fgk‚ƒ
pr‘wžŸpœis‘e—hwfxisgsoqt
v
ikouwfx+ikw•ik‘e—„Te£‚õ8nve~ikwôik‘
eDŽgrwikwxb’™„oƒÆoux7v
pP„‚oqgrp€ik‘‚XiŸpk‚isoqpr›]Š8ik‘e
ï/zv
i£y
¤P‘eœñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜÝ}-‚xn•ï Ñ Ä£­ÖfÝf}¢h‚x•‚‡qprw~nehh‚£Š%ikwˆñ
_ ‹‘wžešcfezgh±,ik‘eœñ Ñ ÄfÄ «}-nehh‚£Šbp
‚‡qƒ:wfpriÚešlbh‡uvpsoÛcfeh‡ÛŠ%isw
‚xn•prwˆn
wbezpîx
wihwx,isgsoutv
ike€isw~ik‘eŸ‚x‚‡uŠ7psoup|tTeh£‚vpseœ‚~„gswikwfx
Ÿou‡q‡‚‡u‚£ŠbpŸtTe—gse ,vougseznÃy
Y›
8›
y y _
]¢
_
ÊÃ[RÍ[ø¿
^
°ú "
¤P‘e
¬
uù
y «­¬
©y è-U!á ¢S-âãžORáTä
Y›
Y›
§
py
8Q
y
¬ 8Q
} a®)©~ € ^^ ™¬¬ óš_ ñ ï _Ñ ÄfÑ ÄÄfĞĞÜ8°fQ}š‹}mÔ
[Q
Äǂx‚‡uwf fveªw›-is‘e—õ‚wfxñik‘
eÇ^ £Ñ Ü È}š±oupP„gsw7nvzehnoux+ik‘e—gre£‚šikoqwxp
Ñ ÝbyÛÄ!}
+ -
MX(K π X) (GeV)
«fÈ
1.3
Λ(1116)
1.28
1.26
1.24
1.22
1.2
Σ (1189)
+
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.12
1.1
1.05
1.1
1.15
ûM(pÍπ È) (GeV)1.3
1.2
1.25
Counts
-
bb(A) Missing mass from Y →π X vs. pπ mass
*
250
üΣ+(1189)
200
150
100
50
0
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
b X
(B) Missing mass from Y →π
*
(Ê
Ç - 1.25Í
1.3
MX(K π X) (GeV)
+ -
8Q
ý« ¬ ~‚y †
%« ¬ ž
~ y †
NPORQTSVUXW Ã[ÎÍ
¥cfehgr‡ ‚„‰w›-ï Ñ ÄfÄfĞ°}#‚xnñ€_ Ñ ÄfÄ£Ü }šy Ñ {~}¤€#w8nouƒÆezxpsouwfx‚‡
‘oupriswf fgk‚ƒ w›¢ik‘e—ƒ:oqprpsoqx
ôƒ8‚prpP›¹wfg€ik‘e—gre£‚šikoqwx
Ñ }#c7phyik‘ePa
oqxc‚gsoq‚xiPƒ8‚psphy Ñ P}¤P‘eˆƒ8‚prpPw›
›¹grwfƒis‘e—gseh‚zisoqwfx
y¤P‘e
ps‘‚nehnZ‘oqpjikwf fgs‚ƒ pr‘wžŸpœis‘e—hwfxisgsoqt
v
ikouwfx+ikwôik‘
eˆ„Te£‚õnve~ikwôik‘
eŸa
„‚oqgrp
is‘‚iŸpk‚Xikoqpj›]Š+ik‘
eˆï/zv
i£y
Uþ
py y «Ó
^
®y
¬
®y ÿ
Y›
_
¤P‘
eÆ^
prvtpse ,vehxik‡ÛŠ nehh‚žŠ7p—ikw‰^
Ä£ÖfÖ ûw›#is‘eôikouƒÆey'”wfx
pse ,vezxik‡uŠ±Úxwiˆ‚‡q‡¢ik‘e
zwfvxikpoux ik‘
e &ód„¦eh‚õúoqx † vgseù°
yÛÄ zwfƒÆeZ›¹gswfƒ ik‘enehh‚žŠ/ñó Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf}
ï &ó£y ¤P‘e
ï &ó ^ _ &óªi™wX’™nouƒÆezxpsouwfx‚‡¢‘oqpjikwf gk‚ƒ Ñ † vgse:Ýby¬È{ª}¡ps‘wžŸp~ik‘‚iªik‘
e•ñó Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf}¡nwƒÆo ’
x‚ikezpis‘eŸprik‚ikouprikouhpz±tv
iik‘eŸ„grwXŽrehšikouwfx•wfxikw~ik‘eœ^ _ Ãó‚Xlboup Ñ † fvgreœÝby¬ÈP}|ps‘wžŸp#‚~h‡qeh‚g
^ Ÿ„Te£‚õy
bouƒÆou‡ ‚gr‡uŠ±xwi€‚‡q‡is‘e~ñ _ zwfvxikpPouxƆ vgseªÝbyuÄ¡hwfƒ:e¡›¹grwfƒ ik‘e¡nehh‚£Š8w›Vemlbhouisehnb’¼prik‚ike
‘Š7„Tehgswxphy Úou fvgreŸÝbyÁӗ„
‡qwisp|ik‘eŸ^ _
ƒÆ‚psp|cehgrpsvpik‘eŸ‘Š7„¦ezgswfx:ƒÆ‚psp›¹wfg‚ªŸounehggs‚x fe
oux`‘Šb„TehgrwfxöƒÆ‚prphy wfgªis‘e•£‚pre•Ÿ‘
ehgse8ñ€_ £‚x
noqn‚Xikehpˆ‚greôgse 7v
oqgsezn Ñ † fvgreÆÝby¬Ó{~}š±¦ik‘e
^ ó z‡qeh‚gs‡ÛŠÇpr‘wžŸpv„•‚p‚ª‘wgsoq˜zwfxi)‚‡7t‚x
n•‚t¦wv
i^`_
ƒÆ‚prp|w›TÖ
yÁÜ —»~ezÙ'y¤P‘ePhvbi|›¹wfg
ounehxisou›]Š7oqx ôñ _ h‚xnoun‚ikezp€€‚pˆÄÔuĞ°
} ×ÄÔ¯ÈfÈô»~ezÙ%y wfg€ik‘
e~£‚pre—Ÿ‘
ehgse
Ñ^ _
ï oqp'ounehxisou†ezn oqxa
ƒ8‚prp%›¹wfg%is‘wfpreezcfezxikp•pk‚isoqpj›]Šboux ik‘
edñ _ hv
i Ñ † fv
gse‰ÝbyÁÓfP}m±Úxw
ešc7oqnezxheˆ›¹wfgœ‚8^ ó t‚xnemlboqprisphyŸ¤P‘eˆ„‡qwi¡w›|ik‘eÇ^`_
ƒ8‚psp Ñ † fv
gse%Ýby¬Óf”P}P›¹wfgŸešcfehxisp
ps‚ikoupr›]Š7oqx
'ik‘e—ï/hvbi¡pr‘wžŸp¥xw•„Te£‚õ+‚iPik‘e—ƒÆ‚pspŸw›¢ik‘
eÇ^ óžy
ˆy §
W¬
y
y
W¬
ý¼þ
y P
W¬
è
®~ ˆy
PV æ ç
py ^
ƒy y † rV
ƒy 8Q
s
¬
u uqpfuq u
vpwrf
¤P‘eˆ”&{n
ezikezziswfgh±‚‡Ûik‘wv f‘+oÛikpP‚zhez„
i)‚x
he—oqp,voÛikeª‡q‚gs e±
‘‚pPpsešcfehgs‚‡&‡ ‚gs fe¡ ‚„p
n
ve€ikw~ik‘
ePpsoÛl'hwfou‡qp‚xnôik‘eP‘w‡qePoqx'is‘ePnešikehšikwfgzw!cehgs‚ feŸoqx'is‘eŸnwžŸxprisgse£‚ƒ noqgrehšikoqwxÃy
¤P‘
e—‚hzeh„
ik‚xheˆoqp#›¹vgris‘ehgŸhwƒÆ„Twfvxn
ehndtŠ+ik‘e~n
eh£‚£Š7pœoq
x ou f‘iPw›¢ik‘e~„ouwfxpŸ‚x
n‰ezps„Teš’
zo ‚‡u‡uŠ+is‘e%õX‚wxphyª¤P‘
ehgseš›¹wfgseôouxwfgrnehgœikw+ƒ:e£‚psvgre%ik‘e%tgk‚x
)‘oqx 8gk‚isoqwfpŸik‘e'‚hzeh„
ik‚xhe
w›-is‘e—nezisehziswfgP›¹wfgPno ezgsehxiœgseh‚zisoqwfxi™Š7„Tehpœxeheznpœisw•t¦e—vxn
ehgspjikw7wbn‰oqxdprwfƒÆe~n
ezi)‚oq‡ y
ø#prikv
noqezndis‘e—›¹wf‡q‡uw!Ÿoux %gre£‚šikouwfxp
¢
K
}
ë~ K ïxy&ó
ñ _ y K ï }
ï Ñ Ä£­ÖÝ}ë~
K ñó y&ó
ñ _ y } a~ûï/^ ™¬ _
^ _ y&ó
€ ^ _
}
ñó Ñ Ä£ÓfÜÝf}
ÊÃ[ø¿Ã[RÍ òõô
_À
ï
W7ä¦ã
W7äVW7U!ê
ãžORáTä
 ez£‚v
pse¥w›¦is‘e¡gs‚ f feznxezpspîw›is‘ePikgsv
e¡ezxehgr Š•ps„Tehšikgsv
ƒZ±b‚~‘oqpjikwf fgs‚ƒ Ñ † fvgre¥È7y¬°}|w›

is‘eœps„Tehzisgsvƒ ›¹gswƒðik‘e¡n‚ik‚ˆ‚pvprehn‚p#ik‘
e¡prwfvgsze¡›¹wfgik‘
eªØZwx,ise~”€‚gr‡qwyØZv)‘+w›ik‘e
pr„oqõŠ:prisgsvšikvgre~w›Ãis‘eªps„Tehšikgrvƒ zwfƒÆezp#›¹grwfƒ c‚gso ‚Xikoqwx:oux8ik‘
e¥psou˜heªw›Ãik‘e¥ehxezgs ŠÆtouise¥w›
is‘eôíڒ™zwfvxikezgªtouxphy bwfƒ:e%w›ik‘eôíڒ¼hwfvxisehgsp~#ehgreôxwi¥›¹v
xzisoqwfx‚‡Únvgroqx Æik‘e•»ôÄ'grvxñ
h‚vproqx ôik‘
eˆzwfvxikpŸikw•ngrwf„ikw:˜hezgsw:oqx+ik‘
eˆpr„¦ezzisgsvƒ‰y
¤P‘eÇñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜÝf}#‚pŸ fezxehgs‚ikeznZŸouis‘‰‚•greh‡q‚ikoÛcbouprisoqª#gsehoÛir’ 1oq fxezg€ps‘‚„¦
e ÓfÜ °
æ
dŸ
§
8æ æ ó Ñ ×
æ }
)„æ } æ Ñ ×
æ }
Ñæ
7 ó7 7 $ ó7 7
È
+ 0
K π mass (GeV)
«­
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
b
b
ÐΛÍπ 1.7mass (GeV)1.8
1.6
0
(A) K π mass vs. Λπ mass
Counts
+ 0
0
50
40
K*+(892)
30
20
10
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
b
1
+ 0
(B) Projection onto K π axis
+ 0
(Ê ø¿ W¬
xy
Í
1.1
1.2
K π mass (GeV)
ƒy
NPO¹QTS¢U!W &[
^ Ÿhwx,ik‚ƒ:oqx‚isoqwfxy Ñ {ª}¤€wX’™nouƒÆezxpsouwfx‚‡Ã‘
oqpriswf fgs‚ƒ w›Ú^`_ ó
ƒ8‚prpPcfehgrpsvpœï ó ƒÆ‚pspzy¤P‘eÇ^ œpr‘wžŸp¡v„d#e£‚õ,‡uŠ‰‚pŸ‚:‘wgsoq˜zwfxi)‚‡t‚xnËbik‘e
ñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜÝ}#ps‘wžŸpœv„Z‚pœ‚ôcehgjikoqh‚‡&t‚x
nÃy Ñ P}„grwXŽrehšikouwfxZwx,iswôik‘eˆ^ _ &óœƒÆ‚psp
‚!l
ouph
y œehgse~is‘eˆ^ !Ñ Ü È}ps‘wžŸpœv„Zz‡qeh‚gs‡ÛŠ+‚pœ‚ô„Te£‚õ+x
e£‚gœÖ
y :»—ešÙ'y
W¬
¬ 8Q
RQ
y
+ -
K π mass (GeV)
«fÝ
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.7*
1.6
(A) Σ identified
+ -
Counts
K π mass (GeV)
+
1.2
1.1
1
1.8
Y mass (GeV)
45
40
35
30
25
0.9
20
0.8
15
10
0.7
5
0.6
1.3
1.35
Â
1.4
*
1.45
1.5
Y mass (GeV)
(B) Λ required
Ê
0
0.6
0.8
1
b
1.2
Mass (GeV)
(C) K π mass for (B)
+ -
y « ¬
NPO¹Q¦SVU!W Ã[uß
¤€#w’™nouƒÆezxpsouwfx‚‡‘oqpjikwf fgs‚ƒ w›|^ _
ƒÆ‚prpŸc7p
ƒ8‚psp€›¹wfg€is‘e
h‚pse Ñ {~}Ÿ‘ehgre%‚:ñ _ oqpPgre ,voqgrehnZ‚xn Ñ P}#Ÿ‘
ehgseǂôï1oqpPgse ,voqgrehn‰oqx‰‚nnoÛikouwfx8ikw
ps‚ikoupr›]Š7oqx ôis‘eÇñ _ zv
i£‹ Ñ ”P}Poup€ik‘eˆ^ _
ƒÆ‚prpŸ›¹wg€ik‘e—ezcehxikp¡pk‚isoqpj›]Šboux 'ik‘
eˆï
‚xnñ€_ zv
ikpzy
_
y ^
«°
æ "
Ñ ×}
_
ó 7 F
&ó
Ñ Ýby¬Èf}
Ÿ‘
ehgse
Ñ }#oqpis‘e~ƒ:wfƒÆezxikvƒ÷w›¢ehoÛik‘ezgPw›Vik‘e~nez£‚£Š„‚grikouh‡uehpoux+ik‘e~grehpjiP›¹gk‚ƒ:eªw›-‚x
ó
emlbhouisehnb’¼prik‚ikeô‘Š7„¦ezgswfx`ŸoÛik‘`ƒÆ‚psp
}š±
ÄfÔ¬ÓÜfÓ«+»~ezÙ%±
Ñ
ó
ó
&ó Ö
ÔÁÖfÓf°d»~ezÙ%±Ã‚xn
Ö
y-¤P‘e¡)‘
wfoqze¡w›
Ö~†iîik‘eŸn‚Xi)‚—t¦ešisikezgîis‘‚x
Äfy-¤P‘e¥gre“Žrezzikouwfx:ƒÆešik‘w7n ©Ó T‚p
v
psehny#{Ògk‚xnwfƒûx,vƒ'tTehgŸtTezi™#ehezxik‘e—ƒ:oqxouƒ'vƒ Ñ
}Ÿ‚xnZƒÆ‚Xlboqƒ%vƒ Ñ
À }ƒÆ‚psp
c‚‡uvehp•oupô fehxezgk‚isehn ‚xnåis‘e‰gsezouij’ 1oq xehgônouprisgsoqt
v
ikouwfx ›¹wfgsƒ%v‡ ‚ oup:ešc‚‡qv‚Xikehnå‚i•ik‘
oqp
c‚‡uveyږªehxwikePik‘eŸgrehpsv
‡u"
i ! Ñ $#Û}š±Ÿouis‘
À y|{1psehzwfxnÆgk‚xn
wfƒ x,vƒ'tTehg
&% $# %
tTezi™#ehezx8˜zehgswǂxn•ik‘
ePƒ8‚Xlbouƒ'vƒ c‚‡uvePw›Tik‘eœgrehoÛir’ 1ou fxezg-›¹vxšikouwfx Ñ ‚iik‘
eœ„Te£‚õ%ƒÆ‚psp
w›-is‘e—gsehprwfx‚x
hež}PoqpP ehxezgk‚isehn ‚xnZzwfƒ:„‚gseznik&
w ! Ñ $#Û}šyø¼
› ! Ñ '# }PoupP fgseh‚ikezgPik‘‚xdik‘
oqp
prehzwfxn‰gk‚xn
wfƒ…x,vƒ'tTehgz±ik‘ezx '#¦oqpPgrezisvgsxeznËwik‘
ehgrŸoupse±ik‘e—„grwbzehpspœoqpPgreh„Te£‚isehnÃy
¤P‘e‚prŠ7ƒ:ƒÆešikgroqîps‘‚„Tew›ik‘e#ï Ñ Ä£­ÖÝf} Ñ psehe±›¹wfg¢ešl
‚ƒ:„‡qe±† vgse¡ÄfyÁ­}V„grehz‡qvnezp|vproqx ‚gsezouir’ 1oq fx
ehg—›¹wfgsƒ‰yZ{ t¦ešisikezg%†iÇikwis‘e+ps‘‚„¦e8oqp%wt
i)‚ouxehnöt,Šövpsoux is‘
e (¥’™ƒÆ‚ikgroÛl
‚„„gswf‚)‘Zw›|–~‚‡uouis˜ª‚xn‰¤¢v‚)
x ­*Ö Îy wfgPoqprwfps„ouxd˜hehgrwÆgre£‚šikouwfxph±
"
æ
– "
æ
(æ
dŸ
æ
Uæ "
… "
æ U !
:Ÿ
÷æ æ
æ \
:Ÿ
æ
"
æ \
8Q
æ
D ¨
",+ ¨ .
} -
^
‹
Ñ ÝbyÁÓ}
Ñ Ýby©­,}
D 0
" / ^2143336^75 333 ^81:9‹
Ñ Ýby¬Ýf}
¨ " / ^81;333 ^=5 < ñx)y > "@? ñxy6< ^=5 333 ^81 9
Ñ ÝbyÁ°}
} 0
" ? ñxy6< ^=5 < ñxy>Ô
¤P‘eA(¥’™ƒÆ‚isgsoÛl8oqpPgreh‡q‚ikezndiswôik‘e°,
’ €‚£cfe—ikgs‚xprouikouwfxƒÆ‚ikgroÛl8¤tŠ
B/ ) CFE Ñ Ýby¬«f}
"F ^6 F D
Ÿ‘
ehgseGE oqp¡‚:noq‚ fwfx‚‡&ƒ8‚Xikgso ldhwx,ik‚oqx
oqx ôik‘
e%hezxikehg“’™w› ’¼ƒÆwƒÆezx,isvƒûƒ:wfƒÆezxi)‚P:‚xn8H
›¹wgœis‘e•ñxyú‚xn ^81 prŠ7prisehƒ:ph±&gsezps„Tehšikouceh‡ÛŠfy~¤P‘e•ñxy() ñxò
y ƒÆ‚isgsoÛl‰ez‡qezƒÆezx,iIB oup¡ foÛcfe
tŠ
737
B
J
" ÄN)DJ CH 3
7
7
CH ¨
<KH)< ¨ J
)
}
}
" $ Ä*)DCH 7 D "
Ä
$ <LH7 < D
Ñ ÝbyÁÜ}
RQ
Ñ Ýby }
xy
tTeh‡uwž÷is‘e ^81 is‘gsezps‘wf‡un Ÿ‘ehgre ö
H oqp'„v
gseh‡ÛŠöouƒ8‚ foqx‚grŠfy¤P‘eps‘‚„¦ew›Pis‘e‰ñ 1ƒÆ‚psp
pr„¦ezzisgsvƒ…oupŸ foucehxdtŠ
xy
ñ öƒÆ‚prpPnoqpjikgsoutv
isoqwfx
! Ñ L< H< }
!
" } $
Ä
7$
Ñ
<KH< } $
<KH)< D
<KH< Ñ }ƒD
) ¨
7
7
}
Ñ ÝbyÛĞÖ}
Ñ ÝbyÛÄfÄ!}
Counts
«f«
18000
N -O
K p threshold
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1.3
1.325
(Ê
NPORQTSVUXW Ã[ÛY
1.35
1.375
xy
1.4
1.425
1.45
M
1.5
ÍΣπ1.475
mass (GeV)
»—ezxehgs‚ikezn ñ ƒ8‚pspPnouprikgroqtvbikoqwxp›¹wfg€is‘e—ï Ñ Äh­ÖÝf}my
«Ü
tTeh‡uwž is‘e ^21 ik‘grehpr‘wf‡qny Úoq fv
gse—Ýby©­ôps‘
w!ŸpŸik‘
e~ƒ8‚prpPnoqpjikgroqtv
isoqwfx
pvprehnd›¹wfgik‘
eˆešcfezx,i
ehxezgk‚iswfghy
ªxze¥ik‘e¡‘Šb„TehgrwfxƒÆ‚psp#‘‚ptTehezxnezisehgrƒÆouxehnñ,ik‘
eªõX‚wfx+oup# fezxehgs‚ikeznoqx:ik‘eªzehxikezgj’
w› ’™ƒÆ‚pspª›¹gs‚ƒÆe•vx
ou›¹wfgrƒÆ‡ÛŠ oqxöÐ tv
iˆŸouik‘ö‚dij’™nez„¦ezxnezx,i%noqpjikgroqtv
isoqwfxùoux ½
‚hzwfgsn
oqx isw
P
ó Ô
Ñ r}
Ñ ÝbyÛÄ!Èf}
=< @
S
Š
7
„gsw7nvšikpôw›Ÿik‘
eešlbhoÛikehnúprik‚ike‘Š7„Tehgswxå‚gse„grwbnv
hehnúoqprwikgrwf„ou£‚‡u‡uŠ`oux
¤
¤P‘
enehh‚žŠ
ik‘e
grehpjiœ›¹gs‚ƒ:eªw›Úis‘e—‘Šb„TehgrwfxZ‚xn‰t¦w7wfprisehndt‚)õ+iswôik‘e—‡ ‚td›¹gs‚ƒ:ey
{psoqƒ:oq‡q‚g—ps)‘ezƒÆeoup%vprehn ›¹wfg% fehxezgk‚isoqx ^
ezcfezxikphyù¤P‘epr‘‚„Te+w›Pis‘e^
ƒÆ‚psp
n
oqprisgsoutv
ikouwfx8‚pœnezisehgsƒ:oqx
ehndtŠ‰‚:#gsehoÛir’ 1oq fxezg›¹wfgrƒZy
»—‚vprpso ‚x‰n
oqprisgsoutv
ikouwfxp€oux+l‰‚xndŠf±tTwik‘ŸoÛik‘dpsou fƒ8‚pPw›|Öby¬°ôhƒ‰±‚„
„gsw£lboqƒÆ‚ikeznik‘e
tTe£‚ƒ ps„Twiô‚iˆik‘
eÆi)‚gs feši£y‰í|cfehxisp'ezgse+ fezxehgs‚ikezn vxoۛ¹wfgsƒ:‡uŠ`‚‡qwfx
‰is‘e8‡uehx is‘öw›ik‘e
ik‚gs eziP›¹gswƒ÷’ by¬Öôhƒikw yÁ֕zƒû‚‡uwfx ôik‘e—tTe£‚ƒ ‚Xlboqpzy
dŸ
Q
ÊÃ[ø¿Ã[ø¿
¬
¬
¡Q
QÃOÎëùSRRê
ãžORáTäòáTæ~àGSUT Q
éWbçVê
ô
O¹áTU
¤ ‘e fehxezgk‚isehnÞešcfezx,ispezgse›¹ezn ikwò» bøjرik‘
eù” &{ Þ»~e£‚xij’™t‚prehn ØZwx,ise`”€‚gr‡qw
P
„
gswf fgs‚ƒ‰y » bøjØ ikgs‚hezpÆeh‚)‘ „‚grikouh‡ue+ik‘grwfv f‘å‚ ƒ:w7neh‡Pw›œik‘
eZnešikezzikwg8‚x
nåzgse£‚Xikehp
t‚xõ,pÇw›€psouƒ'v‡q‚ikezn ‘
ouikp—wfxùik‘
e:c‚groqwfvp—nešikezzikwgÇez‡qehƒ:ehxisphy8¤P‘
e8‘oÛikpˆ‚gseôŸgrouisisehxwfv
i
ouxZis‘e%ps‚ƒÆeˆ›¹wfgsƒ Ñ 
Zt‚xõ,pk}¥‚p¥is‘e%gre£‚‡¢n‚ik‚
y¥¤P‘e%psoqƒ%v‡ ‚isoqwfxdzwfxi)‚ouxp¥nez£‚£Š7pj’¼oqxb’
oq f‘iô‚xnòƒÆw7neh‡upÇis‘e+e ¦ehšikp•w›œƒ'v‡Ûikou„‡qe:psh‚isisehgsoux `tv
i'nwbezpôxwi'ik‚õeouxikwù‚zhwfvxi
ouxWe V:zoqehx
hoqezpPoqxik‘
eˆn
ezikezziswfgŸhwfƒ:„¦wxehxikpzy
N ÊÃ[ø¿Ã[uß
^¢
Ëö=ö£ORäVQ êäUùÞUXW7âfáTäUözãžUXS-âãžORáTä
ø™xik‘
e~xešl7iœpriseh„ñis‘e~„gsw fgk‚ƒ÷ f„„ Ñ kð »°7
øjØ „Twfpjir’™„
gsw7hehprpswfggñ,}õ,xw7)õ7pŸwfvbiŸt‚ndngsoۛ]i
XQZYW[
©ö
èá zã]\sè-U!á&âfW
)‘‚ƒ'tTehgǝŸougsezp'‚xn prhoux,isoq‡u‡ ‚iswfg~„‚nn
‡qehpzyø¼i'‚‡qprwpsƒ:e£‚gsp%is‘eÆisoqƒ:eš’™w› ’Fou f‘i~ikoqƒ:ehpǂxn
n
gsou›]i)‘‚ƒ'tTehg‘oui„TwfprouikouwfxptŠ•psh‚‡qoux —nez›R‚v‡uinouprisgsoqt
v
ikouwfxphy-¤P‘eŸ›R‚ziswfg›¹wfgpsh‚‡qoux ~ik‘e
isoqƒ:eš’¼w› F’ ou f‘i¡‚p•Äfy¬«fÝbyô¤P‘eô›R‚šikwfgª›¹wg~ps£‚‡qoqx
dis‘e•ngsoۛ]ir’¼)‘‚ƒ'tTehgªgrehprwf‡qv
isoqwfx ‚p%ÈbyÁÖ
y
¤P‘
e¥wfv
is„v
iw›& f„„8oqp#is‘ehx8„gsw7hezpspsezndt,ŠÆ‚
Ähª‚xnƆx‚‡u‡uŠô‘oupriswf fgk‚ƒÆp#‚gse¡hgre£‚isehn+tŠ:ik‘e
‚x‚‡uŠ7proqp€„grwf fgs‚ƒZy
ÊÃ[ø¿Ã[ Y
QÃOÎëùSRRê
ãžORáTäòUXWËö£SR]ãCö
{¡p‚xôoqx
ouikoq‚‡ fvezpspz±7tTwis‘%ik‘ePñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}-‚x
n'ik‘e€ï Ñ Ä£­fÖÝf}¢ešcfezx,ispezgseP fezxehgs‚ikezn•ŸoÛik‘
zgswfprp~psezzikouwfxp¥is‘‚iª#ehgre:‚psprvƒÆezn ikwtTeG‚iªoqx2^6_,y—{¥p~ps‘
w!Ÿxùoux † fvgre•Ýby¬Ýb±ik‘
oqpªƒÆ‚£Š
tTe•‚d„¦w7wfg~‚„
„gsw£lboqƒÆ‚ikouwfx ›¹wfgªis‘e•ï &ó—)‘‚x
xeh‡Î±¢Ÿ‘ou)‘oup~nwfƒ:oqx‚Xikehn`tŠ`is‘eÆñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}
}
Ñ pseze¥† fvgreˆÝby¬È{~}myb¤P‘e~ï &óP)‘‚x
xeh‡‚pPpreh‡qezzisehndtŠ8gre ,voqgroqx 'Ö
Ô¬ÖÖ«
Ñ^ _ ï
ÖbÔ¬ÖÈ«
y¤P‘eƏhgrwfpspÇpsehšikouwfxöpr‘wžŸpô‚xöezx‘‚x
hehƒ:ehxiô„Te£‚õ7oux Z‚`
i ^6_ a ÄfÔ¬«f݉»—ešÙ'y
{¡psprvƒÆoux ˆgsehprwfx‚xi#„gsw7nvšikouwfxñik‘ezpse¡ehx‘‚xhezƒÆezx,isp##wfv‡un8hwgsgsezps„Twfxn:ikw'‚—gsezpswfx‚xhe
ŸoÛik‘'ƒÆ‚prpw› ÇÈ~»~ezÙ%yf¤P‘eŸ‚zheh„bi)‚xzeP€‚pn
ezikezgsƒ:oqxeznôtŠ'ik‘ePgs‚ikouw¥w›¦‚zhez„
ikeznÆešcfehxisp
iswZis‘gswžŸx ezcehxikpôouxöeh‚)‘ toqxwb
› ^6_7yZ¤P‘
e+vxzwfgsgrehzisehn Š7oqez‡qn‚pÇnezisehgsƒ:oqx
ehn tŠ ik‘e
gs‚ikouww›Pis‘e+gs‚ž÷ešcfehxisp'ikw ik‘
e+x,vƒ'tTehg'w›Ÿouxhounehxi%„‘wiswfxp'oux e£‚)‘ t
oqx w
› ^6_7y ¤P‘e
%‰ŠC‹
7
ˆy
œÿ
xy
_
­V æ ç
7
† rV
]Q
«
ø
n
ehxproui™Š w›is‘eÆik‚gs eziˆ‡qo 7v
oqn ‘,Š7ngrwf fezxö€‚p'‚prpsvƒ:ehnöiswZtTe8zwfxpji)‚xi£y œwt‚)õ7 gswfvx
n
prvt
isgk‚šikoqwxd‚pŸ„Tehgr›¹wgsƒ:ehnÃy
Úou fvgre+ÝbyÁ°pr‘wžŸp%ik‘e8hgswpsp'prehzisoqwfx›¹wfgÇis‘edñó &óô)‘‚xxez‡ ±|ounehxikoۆehnöt,Šgse ,voqgroqx } ®Ö
ÔÁÖÈf«
y ¤P‘
eZtgrw‚nò„Te£‚õö‚ic^d_:a ÄÔ¯«fÝù»~ezÙ®prehehxúoqx is‘eï &ó
Ñ^ _ ï
)‘‚xxez‡&oqpœ‚tprehxi£y¤P‘eˆhgrwfpspŸpsezzisoqwfx‰oqpPgrwfv f‘‡Û
Š ‚Xi£y
¤P‘e‚zheh„bi)‚xze £‚‡qhv
‡ ‚isoqwfxޛ¹wfgis‘eï &ó‰)‘‚xxez‡ˆ‚pZouikezgk‚isehn1Ÿouis‘‚x ehxezgs Š’
n
eh„Tehxnezxheˆnezgsoucehn‰›¹gswfƒ÷ik‘e—ps‘‚„¦e—w›-ik‘e—zgswfprpœprehšikoqwxZouxd† fvgseÇÝby¬Ýby
Úou fvgreˆÝby¯«'nezƒÆwxprisgk‚isehpŸik‘‚iŸis‘e—ešlb„¦wxehxikoq‚‡&ir’¼neh„Tehxn
ehxze%oqxde 7v‚ikouwfx Ý7yuÄ!È'„grw’
c7ounehpZ‚ú wbw7n1ƒ8‚is)‘ iswúis‘en‚i)‚ ›¹wfgik‘e ï ÃóZ)‘‚xxeh‡Îy…ø™xwgsnezg‰iswåƒ:oqxouƒÆou˜he‰ik‘e
t‚)õ, fgswfv
xn+nve¡ikw'^ ™_ „
gsw7nvzisoqwfx±7is‘eª^ _ Ãó€oqxc‚gsoq‚xiƒÆ‚prp‚p€gre ,voqgrehn+isw%tTe¥‡qezpsp
is‘‚x‰Ö
yÁÜݕ»—ešÙ Ñ ‚„„
gsw£lboqƒÆ‚ikez‡uŠÆwfxe~Ÿoqn
is‘dt¦ez‡qwž is‘eˆ^ ™_ „Te£‚õ
}my
Úou fvgre8Ý7y¬Ü‰ps‘wžŸp%is‘‚iˆik‘e8‚hzeh„
ik‚xheƛ¹wfgˆis‘e8ï &ó%)‘‚xxez‡oqp—›R‚ougs‡uŠ ‚i%w!cehgˆik‘e
‚x fv‡q‚g¥gs‚x fey wfg¡is‘e:ñ _
£‚pse±Ãis‘e•‚zheh„bi)‚xzeÆn
oqpriswfgrisp¥ik‘
e•‚x fv‡q‚g¥n
oqprisgsoutv
ikouwfx
ÕôĪik‘‚x8›¹wfgzwfp
Ö
e
y ¡ehgreªhwp
Ñ † fvgre~Ýby } Úik‘eª‚hzeh„
ik‚xhe~oup‘ou f‘ezg#›¹wfg#hwfp
oup&ik‘eînwi¢„grwbnv
zi-t¦eši™ezehx'ik‘
e#xwgsƒÆ‚‡ikwœik‘eî„grwbnv
zikouwfx—„‡ ‚xe‚xnˆis‘eînoqgrehzisoqwfxˆw›bik‘e
ƒ:wfƒ:ehxikv
ƒ w›is‘eœ fgswfv
xn8pji)‚ise Ñ n
eh£‚£Š
}7„Tehgswx8oqx:ik‘eœgsezprigk‚ƒ:eŸw›is‘e¥emlbhouisehnb’¼prik‚ike
‘Š7„TehgswxÃy
Úou fvgrehpPÝ7yuĞÖǂxn‰ÝbyÛÄfÄ¡ps‘wž ik‘eªn‚i)‚%zwfgsgrehšikehn+›¹wg#ik‘
e~‚hzeh„
ik‚xze¥›¹wfg#is‘eªï &óP‚xn
ñ€_
)‘‚xxez‡qphy¤P‘ezŠdnezƒÆwxprisgk‚iseˆis‘‚iŸik‘eˆ‚prpsvƒ:„
isoqwfx‰wf
› ‚i¡‚x fv‡q‚gPnouprikgroqtvbikoqwxp
!w›V‚ˆ˜hehgrw’™pr‡qwf„Teœ‡qoqx
e£‚g†i
›¹wgis‘e¥n
eh£‚£ŠÆ„gsw7nvšikp€oup‚ˆ fw7wbnƂ„„grw£l
ouƒ8‚XikoqwxÃyÚ¤P‘I
e g
!Z›¹wfg€ik‘
e%ñ _
›¹wg€ik‘e—ï Ãóœh‚pse—‚p—Äfy¯«Ýb‹
ik‘
A
e g
h‚pse—‚p—Äfy¯ÈX­y
Úou fvgre+ÝbyÛÄ!ȏzwfƒÆ„‚gsezpÇik‘
e+gsezpsv‡Ûikpôw›Pis‘edñó Ñ Ä£ÓfÜÝf}
ï &ó•‚xn ï Ñ Ä£­fÖÝf}
ñó &ó
proqƒ'v
‡ ‚isoqwfxpzy¤P‘e8ï Ñ Ä£­fÖÝf}
ñó &ó'hwvxikp'pr‘wžv
„ ‚tTw!ce8ik‘
e &ó'„Te£‚õtTehh‚vpseÆik‘e
ó }šy|¤P‘oup€‚zhwfv
x,isp€›¹wfgik‘e¡prikgrvzisvgse
ñ ó nehh‚žŠ7p€isw'ï ±7‡qe£‚£c7oqx
Çi™#w'„‚gjikoqz‡qezp#ƒ:oqprpsoqx
Ñ
‚t¦wžcfe~is‘e ó „Te£‚õ+oqx† fv
gseˆ°
yÛÄfy
Úou fvgreÝbyÛĞÓpr‘wžŸp•is‘e'a
ouxc‚gso ‚x,i%ƒ8‚psp%›¹wfgˆik‘eï Ñ Ä£­fÖÝf}
ñ _
h‚psey¤P‘e
pr„¦ezzisgsvƒ…z‡qeh‚gs‡ÛŠ8wžcfezgs‡q‚„p€Ÿouis‘ik‘e~ï Ñ ÄfÄfÄ£°}š‹7ik‘e~pr‘‚„Teǂ fgsezehp€Ÿouis‘ik‘e~‘,vƒ:„dxešl7iŸikw
is‘eœïú„Te£‚õôoqx•† fvgre¥­yÛĞÓ
y-¤P‘e rwžcehgk‚‡q‡ ˆ‚zhez„
i)‚x
he¥›¹wfgis‘ehpre¥ezcehxikpoqp Ñ Ö
Ô¬ÈÖ|Õ`Ö
ÔÁÖÈf)
} h
Ä£Ö ji y#¤P‘e rwžcehgk‚‡q‡ :‚zhez„
i)‚x
he%oupPik‘eˆgk‚isoqw•w›-ik‘e—x,vƒ'tTehgœw›|ešcfezx,isp¥ik‘‚iœpsvgjcboÛcfeˆik‘e
„‚grisoqh‡ue+oqn
ehxikoۆ£‚isoqwfxòzv
ikp:nehprhgroqtTehn ouxò)‘‚„
isehg8­ùikw`is‘eZx,vƒ%t¦ezgÆw›¡ezcehxikpÆik‘grw!Ÿx
ŸoÛik‘d‘Š7„¦ezgswfx‰ƒ8‚pspsezp¡tTezi™#ehezxöÄfyÁÓ­Æ»~ezÙ ‚xn Äfy©­Ó•»—ešÙ'y
Úou fvgreîÝbyuÄh­¡pr‘wžŸp-ik‘
e#e ezzi-w›
is‘e‚hhez„
i)‚xhe‚xn—ik‘eîhv
isp-wxˆis‘e#‘Š7„Tehgswx'ƒ8‚psp&›¹wfg
ñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}
ï &ó£y-ø™x'ik‘e#gseh oqwfxÇt¦eši™ezehxdÄfyÁÓ­’)ÄyÁ­Ó¥»—ešÙ'±!ik‘e‚hzeh„
ik‚xzePoqp¢gswfv ‘‡uk
Š ‚Xi£‹
!
‚ôpjikgk‚oq f‘ir’¼‡qouxe¡†iŸisw:is‘oqpPgreh fouwfxd foucehp Ñ ÄfÔÁ°­f­œÕÞÖbÔ¬Ö 6
} höÄžÖ ji Ñ g
ÄfÔ©­,}šy Úou fvgrehp
Ý7yuÄ!ݕ‚xn ÝbyÛĞ°Æpr‘wž ik‘eǂhzeh„
ik‚xze%›¹wfgŸik‘e%ñó Ñ ÄžÓÜÝf}
ï
‚xn‰ik‘eˆï Ñ Ä£­ÖÝ}
ñó &ó
!
h‚psezph±7gsezps„Tehzisouceh‡uŠT‹
is‘eœprikgs‚oq ‘,iî‡uoqxe€†i#gsezpsv‡Ûikp#‚gse Ñ ÄÔ¬° ÚÕ`Ö
ÔuĞÈf
} hÄžÖ ji Ñ g
ÄfÔÛÄ!}
!
‚xn Ñ ÄfÔ©­Ü
ÄîÕÞÖ
ÔÁÖ«f«"
} h ÄžÖ ji Ñ g
Ö
ÔÁÜ
Ä!}m±gsezps„Tehzisouceh‡uŠy
¤-‚t‡ueÝbyÛÄîzwfƒ:„‚gsezpik‘
e jw!cehgs‚‡q‡ P‚hzeh„
ik‚xzehpV›¹wfgik‘
eîñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}
ï &ó£±ñó Ñ Ä£ÓfÜÝf}
ï ±‚xnñó Ñ ÄžÓfÜfÝf}
ñ _
)‘‚xx
eh‡qpŸ›¹wfg€i™#w8no ezgsezx,i rƒ:wbn
eh‡qp '›¹wfgPik‘e%ñ Ñ Ä£ÓfÜÝf}„grw’
n
vzisoqwfxhgswpsp'prehzisoqwfx
i ^d_la ÄfÔ¬«fÝ»~ezÙ%‹ Ñ Èfk
} ‚i
Ñ Ä!}—gsezpswfx‚x,i%„gsw7nvšikouwfxö„Te£‚õ,oux ‚`
n
eh„Tehxnezxhe%wf8
x ^6_,y ªxeǏhwfx
hehgrx gsez ‚grnoqx :ik‘oup¡ƒ:ezis‘w7noqpŸik‘‚i¥ešcfezx,ispª›¹gswfƒ…is‘eÇik‚oq‡up
ƒÆ‚£ŠdƒÆou fgk‚Xike—oqxikwÆik‘eǏhv
i~greh fouwfxwg¡c7oqzeÇcfezgsps‚+nvgsoux +proqƒ'v‡q‚ikouwfx‰‚xn grehzwfxprisgsvšikouwfxÃy
æ ç
7
† O
Ty
(‰ŠC‹
7
^
xy
y
¬
RQ .À
_
¬
ˆy
y ­
¨ ¬x~
¨ ÿ
¨¬
ˆy
©y xy
y
Wð
7§
y
~
}
ñ
y 
py ð
§7 
°~ ˆy
}y
÷y
#~
y
ˆ
x~
y
y ­~
ñ
¢
ë~ ˆy
8Q]Q
}
xy
ˆy
^
~
œÀ
§
#ð 7 øñ "
y ¢
ˆ~ }
8Q
ð
§7 
gñ
ë~ ˆy
"
7
§
"
±~
ÜfÖ
Uncorrected yield (a.u.)
Counts
x 10
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
-8
0.2
0.175
0.15
0.125
0.1
0.075
0.05
0.025
0
1
1.5
2
0
1
2.5
Em γ (GeV)
(A) Raw spectrum
2
2.5
Em γ (GeV)
(B) Normalized spectrum
-2
2.25
σ (µb)
Acceptance
x 10
1.5
0.45
0.4
2
1.75
0.35
0.3
1.5
0.25
1.25
0.2
1
0.15
0.75
0.1
0.5
0.05
0.25
0
1
1.5
2
nEm (GeV)2.5
γ
(C) Acceptance
0
1
1.5
2
nEm (GeV)2.5
γ
(D) Cross section
odprqtsuwv®Êyx Ê zxy|{d}W~€‚‚ƒ]}„†…‡‰ˆyŠI‹ŒkŽ"zˆy|{d}]‰ˆ‘„†’‰b’`“rˆ}„†…‡‰ˆ‰“e^6_ŠI‹•”6ŽUzU–|{
— …‡‚„€~€…™˜š„†…™ˆ›’*“œ„€ƒ]~b”"~‚ƒ]c€‚„€~†’‰žšŸ‡ˆ c€¡tƒ]}„†~‚=ž¢’‰d˜tƒ]ƒWˆ — …¤£¥… — ƒ — ¥„¦Š‹¨§dŽ
Œ©}W}]ƒ]¡¥„ª’‰ˆ}Wƒ«“r~dz¬–|{bƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†©’‰’­“ršˆ}W„€…‡ˆ›‰“f^d_jŠI‹®¯Ž6§"~€‚I‚ƒ]}„†…‡‰ˆl“r~dz¬–|{
ƒW£ƒWˆ‘„†]Š
°š±
Uncorrected yield (a.u.)
Counts
x 10
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
-9
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1
1.5
2
0
1
2.5
Em γ (GeV)
(A) Raw spectrum
2
2.5
E² γ (GeV)
(B) Normalized spectrum
-2
σ (µb)
Acceptance
x 10
1.5
0.45
0.4
1.4
1.2
0.35
1
0.3
0.25
0.8
0.2
0.6
0.15
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.05
0
1
1.5
2
³E² (GeV)2.5
γ
(C) Acceptance
0
1
1.5
2
³E² (GeV)2.5
γ
(D) Cross section
odprq´s)uwv2µyx™¶ ·"{†–|{}]~‚€€ƒW}W„†…™ˆyŠ‹rŒkŽb·"{†–|{}]ˆ‘„€I’*I’`“rˆš}W„†…™ˆ›‰“¹¸6ºŠI‹•”6Ž
·"{†–y{ — …™‚„€~€…‡˜šš„†…™ˆ’*“œ„€ƒ]~”"~€ƒW&‚‚„€~†’‰žŸ™ˆ »€¡tƒ]}„†~‚=ž¢’‰b˜tƒ]ƒ]ˆ — …¤£¥… — ƒ — ¥„¦ŠI‹¨§dŽ
ŒI}]}]ƒW¡š„ª’*ˆ}]ƒA“r~·"{€–|{ƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†©’‰’­“ršˆ}W„€…‡ˆ›‰“f¸dºjŠI‹®¯Ž6§"~€‚I‚ƒ]}„†…‡‰ˆl“r~·"{†–y{
ƒW£ƒWˆ‘„†]Š
°‘¼
Acceptance
x 10
-2
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
½t (GeV2¾)0
-0.4
-0.2
-0.4
-0.2
Yield (a.u.)
(A) Acceptance in t
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
½t (GeV2¾)0
(B) Comparison of simulation with data
odprqtsuwv µyxÀ¿ ®Áƒ]¡tƒ]ˆ — ƒ]ˆ}WƒA‰ˆÂU“r~U„†žƒÁz¬– { }ªž¢’‰ˆˆšƒ]Ÿ¨Š‹rŒkŽUŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„†’‰ˆ}]ƒA…‡ˆ&ÂÊ©‹”dŽ
§"c¡¢’‰~‚…‡€‰ˆl*“e’‰}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒA}]~‚~€ƒ]}„†ƒ —X— ’*„†’l‹}]…™~€}WŸ‡ƒ]†ŽUÄb…™„€žl ‰ƒ]ˆƒW~†’*„€ƒ —
„‚Å — …‡Æ„†~€…™˜š„€…‡ˆ2‹ — ’‰‚žƒ — ž…‡Æ„† ‰~†’‰ŽU‚…‡ˆ »ƒ]Ǐ¢’„†…‡‰ˆÉÈ¥Š ±w¼ Š
Counts
°Ê
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ëcos(β*¾)1
0.8
Counts
(A) Thrown angular distribution
40
20
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ëcos(β*¾)1
0.8
Ratio=B/A
(B) Accepted angular distribution
0.002
0.001
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ëcos(β*¾)1
0.8
(C) Acceptance
odpqts)uvɵyx‡Ì zU– { ’‰ˆ ‰ŸÀ’‰~b’*}]}]ƒW¡š„ª’*ˆ}]ƒ*ÍUŒÁŽdίƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†ƒ — ’‰ˆ ‰ŸÀ’‰~ — …‡Æ„†~€…™˜š„€…‡ˆyŠ
”6ŽdŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„€ƒ — ’*ˆ Ÿ‡’‰~ — …‡Æ„†~‚…‡˜š„€…‡ˆ§dŽdŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„†’‰ˆ}]ƒ*Š"ÏdžƒA’‰ˆš Ÿ‡ƒkÐÑd…‡ — ƒÒ¢ˆƒ — …‡ˆ
„†žšƒ¯„€ƒÓj„¦Š
Counts
°‰Ô
10000
5000
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Õcos(β*Ö)1
0.8
Counts
(A) Thrown angular distribution
100
50
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Õcos(β*Ö)1
0.8
Ratio=B/A
(B) Accepted angular distribution
0.01
0.0075
0.005
0.0025
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Õcos(β*Ö)1
0.8
(C) Acceptance
odpqts)uwv8µyx™× ·6Ø´–fÙɒ‰ˆ šŸÀ’‰~d’*}]}]ƒW¡š„ª’*ˆ}]ƒ*ÍUŒÁŽdίƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†ƒ — ’‰ˆ ‰ŸÀ’‰~
— …‡‚„€~€…™˜š„†…™ˆyŠf”dŽ6Œ©}]}Wƒ]¡š„€ƒ — ’‰ˆ Ÿ‡’‰~ — …™‚„†~‚…‡˜¥„†…‡‰ˆyŠ¹§dŽ6Œ©}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒ‰Š
Counts
° È
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Õcos(β*Ö)1
0.8
Intensity (arbitrary units)
(A) Raw angular distribution
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-1
Õcos(β*Ö)1
(B) Acceptance-corrected angular distribution
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
odpqts)uwv8µyxÚjÛ zU– { ’‰ˆ ‰ŸÀ’‰~ — …‡‚„€~€…™˜š„†…™ˆyÍ܌kŽdÝI’¦Ä
— ’*„†’šŠ‹•”6ŽdŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„†’‰ˆ}]ƒÃÅ}W~€~‚ƒ]}W„€ƒ —É— ’*„ª’šŠ
0.6
0.8
Counts
°Þ
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Õcos(β*Ö)1
0.8
Intensity (arbitrary units)
(A) Raw angular distribution
22.5
20
17.5
15
12.5
10
7.5
5
2.5
0
-1
Õcos(β*Ö)1
(B) Acceptance-corrected angular distribution
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
odpqts)uwv8µyxÚtÚ ·6Ø´–fÙɒ‰ˆ Ÿ‡’‰~ — …™‚„€~€…‡˜šš„†…™ˆyÍfŒÁŽ
ݒßÄ — ’*„†’šŠ‹•”dŽ"ŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„†’‰ˆ}]ƒÃÅ}W~€~‚ƒ]}W„€ƒ —É— ’*„ª’šŠ
0.6
0.8
Counts
°‘à
100
80
å
60
ã
Σ(1385)→Λæ π events
ã
0
40
å 0æ
Λ(1405)→Σ π events
0
20
0
-0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
á â 2 +ã ä
2Ö
MX (K ΛX) (GeV )
0.08
0.1
o prqtsuwv8µyxÚjç §"c¡¢’‰~‚…‡€‰ˆ‰“f‚…‡`šŸÀ’*„€…‡ˆ~‚ƒ]‚Ÿ™„€b“r‰~6„†žƒ¯}ªž¢’‰ˆšˆƒ]Ÿ™
d
· { ‹ ±ßÊ° Ȏ¹è z¬– { ‹¡Ÿ‡’‰…‡ˆ~‚ƒ] …™ˆéŽ6’‰ˆ — zÁ‹ ±¦Ôê Ȏ¹è · { – { ‹rž¢’‰‚žƒ — ~€ƒ] ‰…‡ˆéŽÃŠeÏdžƒ
c…‡€‚…‡ˆ ­&’‰‚d€Ç¢’‰~‚ƒ — “r‰~6„†žƒ¯~€ƒ]’‰}W„€…‡ˆlë«Ñ"è zk‹rì2Ž"…‡d¡Ÿ™‰„€„€ƒ — Š
Counts
°°
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1.08
1.1
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.2
1.22
Mass (GeV)
Counts
+í í (A) pπ invariant mass for Σ π events
5
4
3
2
1
0
-0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
MX2 (K+ΛX) (GeV2)
î
(B) Mass squared of missing particle
o pqts)uvɵyx•Újï b
d
Ý ƒ]‚Ÿ™„€d‰“Üzk‹ ±]ԑê Ȏ¹è ·6ØZ–fÙ €…™`ŸÀ’„†…‡‰ˆyÍfŒÁŽÜð–fÙX…‡ˆ‘£*’‰~€…‡’‰ˆ‘„
&’‰‚]Š¹Ïdžƒ¯€ž’ — ƒ — €~ ƒW …‡‰ˆ€žßÄbb„†žƒ¯}]‰ˆ‘„†b†’*„€…‡Æ“œñ¥…™ˆ `„†žšƒAz.… — ƒWˆ„€…™Ò¢}]’*„†…™ˆ}]¥„¦Š
”dŽbò …™€€™… ˆ »’*€d€Ç¢’*~€ƒ — “r~€ó„†žƒ¯~€ƒ]’‰}W„€…‡ˆlë«Ñ"èôzUìDŠ
Counts
°õ
30000
20000
10000
Counts
0
1.4
1.45
1.55
æ 1.5
Λπ mass (GeV)
ö í
(A) Generated Λπ mass distribution
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.25
1.3
1.35
60
40
20
0
1.4
1.45
æ
1.5
1.55
Λπ mass (GeV)
Acceptance
(B) Accepted mass distribution
0.01
0.0075
0.005
0.0025
0
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
ã æ 1.5
Λπ mass (GeV)
(C) Ratio of (B) to (A)
odprqtsuwv8µyxÚ‘÷ Œ©}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒ¯“r~· { ‹ ±ßʉ° Ȏ¹èø– { z$ƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†©’‰b’»“ršˆ}W„€…‡ˆ›‰“„†žƒ
· { ‹ ±ßÊ° Ȏ¬’‰‚]ŠI‹ŒÁŽdίƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†ƒ — · { ‹ ±ßÊ° ȉŽ"’‰‚ — …‡Æ„†~‚…‡˜š„€…‡ˆZŠb‹•”dŽ"ŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„€ƒ —
’‰‚ — …‡Æ„†~€…™˜š„€…‡ˆyŠd‹¨§dŽ"Œ©}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒ‰Š
Counts
õê
20000
15000
10000
5000
Counts
0
1.4
1.45
1.55
ú 1.5
Λγ mass (GeV)
ö ù
(A) Generated Λγ mass distribution
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.25
1.3
1.35
40
30
20
10
0
1.4
1.45
ú 1.5
1.55
Λγ mass (GeV)
Acceptance
(B) Accepted mass distribution
0.01
0.005
0
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
ã ú 1.5
Λγ mass (GeV)
(C) Ratio of (B) to (A)
odprq´s)uwv8µyxÚjµ Œ©}W}]ƒ]¡¥„ª’‰ˆ}WƒA“r‰~· { ‹ ±ßÊ° Ȏ¹èôûtzüƒ£ƒ]ˆ‘„€Á’‰’`“rˆ}„†…‡‰ˆ ‰“„†žšƒ
· { ‹ ±ßÊ° Ȏ¬’‰‚]ŠI‹ŒÁŽdίƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†ƒ — · { ‹ ±ßÊ° ȉŽ"’‰‚ — …‡Æ„†~‚…‡˜š„€…‡ˆZŠb‹•”dŽ"ŒI}]}Wƒ]¡š„€ƒ —
’‰‚ — …‡Æ„†~€…™˜š„€…‡ˆyŠd‹¨§dŽ"Œ©}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒ‰Š
Counts
õš±
30000
20000
10000
Counts
0
1.25
1.3
1.25
1.3
1.4
1.45
1.55
æ 1.5
Σπ mass (GeV)
ý 0í 0
(A) Generated Σ π distribution
1.35
60
40
20
0
1.35
1.4
1.45
æ
1.5
1.55
Σπ mass (GeV)
Acceptance
(B) Accepted distribution
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
å æ 1.5
Σπ mass (GeV)
(C) Ratio of (B) to (A)
odprqtsuwv8µyxÚj¶ Œ©}W}]ƒW¡š„ª’‰ˆš}]ƒ¯“r~dzk‹ ±¦Ô‘ê Ȏ¹è · { – { ƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†©’‰b’»“ršˆ}W„€…‡ˆ›‰“„†žƒ
· { – { ’‰‚]ŠI‹ŒÁŽdίƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†ƒ — · { – { &’‰€ — …™‚„€~€…‡˜šš„†…™ˆyŠd‹”dŽ6Œ©}W}]ƒ]¡¥„†ƒ — ’*€
— …‡Æ„†~€…™˜š„€…‡ˆyŠd‹¨§dŽ6Œ©}W}]ƒ]¡¥„ª’‰ˆ}Wƒ‰Š
õ‘¼
þ …‡ ~‚ƒ]"È¥Š ±¦Ô ’‰ˆ — È¥Š ± È«€ ‰ ƒ]Æ„†"„€ž¢’*„d…¤“|˜…‡ˆ&&…™ ~†’„†…‡‰ˆc…™"j}]}W~€~‚…‡ˆ ÿj~€‰ žŸ¤ñ&ƒWǏ¢’‰ŸZˆ­Å
Ü
˜tƒ]~‚­‰“ƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†cŸ‡ƒ]’ ¥„­‰“„†žƒ}Wš„c’‰­Ÿ‡ƒ]’ …™ˆyŠ:Ïdž…‡­ˆšŸ™ñ ˜´ƒW}]cƒ]»’8¡~‚˜Ÿ‡ƒW …¤“b„†žƒ
~‚ƒ¦’‰ŸtƒW£‰ƒ]ˆ‘„†b˜tƒ]ž¢’¦£‰ƒ — …´ƒ]~‚ƒ]ˆ‘„†Ÿ¤ñc“r~‚ „†žƒ©€…‡GŸÀ’*„€ƒ — ƒW£ƒWˆ‘„†]ÿ¢‚»’G}]ƒW~‚„†’‰…‡ˆ’*&šˆ„"‰“|“’‰…¤„†ž
…™ˆ8„†žƒc€…™`ŸÀ’„†…‡‰ˆÉ…‡¯~€ƒWǏ…‡~‚ƒ — Š&Œ©ˆ‰„€žƒ]~A}]‰ˆ}]ƒW~€ˆ ~‚ƒ] ‘’‰~ — …‡ˆš ›„€ž…‡¯cƒW„€ž — …™¯„€ž¢’*„A…™„A…™ˆ¥Å
„€~€ — }Wƒ]Áƒ£ƒ]ˆ‘„A ƒWˆƒ]~€’*„†~ — ƒ]¡tƒ]ˆ — ƒ]ˆ}W…‡ƒ]Wÿ)’‰Á…™Ÿ‡Ÿ‡š‚„†~€’*„†ƒ — …™ˆX„ª’‰˜šŸ‡ƒ­ÈjŠ ± ŠkÏdžšƒ — … ´ƒ]~‚ƒ]ˆ}Wƒ`…‡ˆ
„€žƒkߣƒW~†’‰Ÿ™Ÿy’‰}W}]ƒ]¡¥„ª’‰ˆ}Wƒ«˜tƒW„ÄUƒ]ƒWˆ …¤„†ƒW~†’*„€…‡ˆU…‡b’`cƒ¦’‰‚~€ƒk*“„€žƒk‚ñjÆ„†ƒ]&’*„€…‡}kƒ]~‚~€~ — ƒk„†
}ªžš…‡}Wƒk‰“ec — ƒ]Ÿ¨Š
òl — ƒWŸ
±
¼
`‹¨·6Ñ"è
± Š ÞÞ¯ê
± Š õ°¯
ê
z¬–|{Î
Š ꉰ
Š ±ß¼
`‹¨·6ÑUè
± Š à‰°¯
ê
¼ Š ¼‰Þ¯
ê
ûtzdŽ
Š ±w¼
Š ±w¼
­‹•·6Ñ6è ·
ê Š Êõ¯ê
ê Š ԑê¯
ê
Ø – Ù Ž
Š ê‘à
Š êÞ
º ê Š õ Ê
¯
ê Š ꉰ
ê Š °°¯
ê Š êà
ê Š ¼* Ô
¯
ê Š ê‰Ô
ê Š ¼‰ê¯
ê Š êÊ
v8µyxÚ Á
® ƒW¡´ƒWˆ — ]ƒ ˆš}]ƒA‰“e’*}]}]ƒW¡š„ª’*ˆ}]ƒAˆl& — ƒ]Ÿ™]ŠeŒIŸ‡Ÿ|’*}]}]ƒW¡š„ª’*ˆ}]ƒ¯£*’‰Ÿ‡ƒW’‰~€ƒ
…‡ˆ›ˆ…¤„†d‰“ ±' )
ê ( ±ßê Ù * Š¬ò  — ƒWŸ‡ ± ’‰ˆ — ¼ ’*~€ƒ — ƒW€}]~‚…‡˜tƒ — …‡ˆ„†žƒk„€ƒÓj„…‡ˆ›€ƒW}W„†…™ˆ
È¥Š ¼ Š Ô Š
"!$#&%
õÊ
+-,/.1032547698
:
LMON
4<;5=?>@2A;B.DC?E
+GFHC?I>=?;5JKFHC?;
PRQSUTWVAXYS$Z\[<]_^`ZacbOd7e
þ&f™ $g\h Þi™±kj ž$lßÄ jnm ž$hpors7
q
ìzy<{$f j\m g\f}|$~ m f}l€‚lgnƒ‘ñ„…h@g†lˆ‡Š‰ j\j h j f} m ƒUhkg†‰$‹h
tvu Øxw
±i Ê‰Ô Å ± i Ô‘Ê ÎŒhŽ i σ$hKg\h<f j ‰ j ‡k‰}hÃÓU‘@h j\j l€’‘Kl~U m†j ‰ m”“ hKg\lD‡Hf j†j f}$‹•‡k‰ j†jj Ç~W‰g†h@{ j f m†m f$‹
l m l„3l€ m ƒ$h m ‰f–l€ m ƒ$hn—–˜™„…hK‰p€‚g†l‡ m ƒ$h•{$hK‘K‰ßñÉ·”˜ t ±¦Ê° Èy¹è w —–˜`‰${3‰kg†l~$‹ƒ$¤ñpš‰ m
|$‰‘›‹g†l~U${ i Ï ƒUhk‘@l~$ mœj ‰|…lžh m ƒ$hŸ— ˜ „h‰3‘Kl‡HhŸ€‚g†l‡ m ƒ$hH{$hK‘K‰ßñ w t ±¦Ô‘ê È yeè · ˜ — ˜ i
σUf j ‘›ƒW‰ „ m h@g{Uh j ‘@g†f|…h jm ƒ$h7‡Hh m ƒ$l{¡€‚lg‘‰‘K~$}‰ m f$‹ m ƒ$h7gœ‰{Uf¢‰ m fh™|$gœ‰ $‘›ƒ$f}U‹Hg†‰ m fl1€‚g†l‡
ƒ hH‘Kl~$ m†j f} m ƒ$f j {Uf j\m g†f|$~ m fl i σUhÇ~W‰ m f m fh jŒm ƒW‰ m ‘‰ £|…hHhÓ m gœ‰‘ m hK{¤{Uf}g†h@‘ m ™ñ?€‚g†l‡
m$
m ƒ$h1{$‰ m ‰k‰g†hn¥ t ûYyÃÿ m ƒUh1~$‡D|hKg<l €A‘Kl~U m†j f} m ƒ$hn„$ƒ$l m l/„h‰Rf}/o s q tvu Ø w ìyŽ¦Y¥ t — ˜ yÿ
q tªu ØYw ìzyŽ¦¥ t ·”˜œ—–˜«yÿ m ƒ$h7~$‡D|hKgl €¬‘@l~$ mœj
m ƒ$h7~$‡D|hKgl €&‘@l~$ mœj f m ƒ$h<—–˜§„h‰kf}¨o©s7
‰ |…lžh m ƒ$h•—–˜<{$~Uh m l m ƒ$hD{UhK‘‰¦ñ­l€ m ƒ$h w t ±¦Ô‘ê ÈyŽ¦…‰${/¥ tªu Ñ Ø è u Ø —x˜«yÿ m ƒ$h1~U‡D|…h@g`l€
u Ñ Ø h@hK mœj1j ~$gOf®f}$‹ m ƒ$h)‘@~ mœj@i¡¯ ħf}5|hk~ j f}U‹­wl Ä"hKgŒ‘K‰ j hH¥°€‚lg7l| j h@g\hK{DÇ~W‰ m f m fh j
‰ ${±~U„$„…h@g1‘K‰ j hk² €‚lg•‰‘@‘Kh@„ m ‰U‘KhŠ‘@lg†g\hK‘ m hK{ˆlgn{UhKg†f®h@{ Ç~W‰ m f m fh jKi¡³ $h j†j l m ƒUhK‚g ħf j h
{ ÿc‰ m ƒUhH„$‰g m f}‘KhŸf}{$h@ m ™f Ò$‘‰ m f}l‰U{±f}UhK‡k‰ m f‘Ÿ‘K~ m†j {$h j ‘@g†f}|hK{zf}‘›ƒW‰ „ m h@g Ô Ä§f}
jOm ‰ m hKy
|h7g†Wh Ç~$f}g\hK{ i
Ïcl3Ãh Ó m gœ‰‘ mDm ƒUhŠ~$‡D|hKgnl€„$ƒ$l m l j ÿ&—–˜´ j ÿ5‰${£‘@l~$ mœj {$~$h m l w t ±¦Ô‘ê ÈA
y è ·”˜œ—–¦˜ ÿA‰
h Ό‰~ j\j f¢‰  Ò m „$}~ j ‰¨š‰ m |W‰‘›‹g\l~$${¤f j ‰ „$„$}fhK{ m l m ƒ$h¡ƒ$f j\m l‹gœ‰ ‡9f} Ò$‹~$g†h ÞU¤i ±i
m ƒ$g†h@
®<~Uh m l m ƒ$h j }f}‹ƒ m ‰ j ñ‡k‡Hh m g†f}‘ m ‰f}• ÿ m Ĕl¡l € m ƒU­
h Ό‰~ j†j f¢‰l
 Ĕh@g†hn~ j h@{ m c
l Ò m™m ƒ$h j ƒW‰„h1l€
{ Ε‰ ~ j†j f¢‰X
 Ĕ‰ j
m ƒ$hn— ˜ „…hK‰ i σ$hD~$‡1|…h@g`l€A— ˜ ‘‰${Uf}{W‰ m h j f j È °õU' à™ü
ʉÔ$' È i σ$h m ƒUf}g†É
~ j hK{ m l Ò m7m ƒ$`
h û±„h‰ i σUhŸ{W‰ m ‰ Ĕ‰ j Ò m f m ƒ$hŸg†‰$‹A
h Å êUi ê‰Ôpµ•¶¸· q m l¨¹ êUi ꑼà È µn¶¸· q
ħf m ƒ?$
l Ò¥ÓUh@{±„$‰gœ‰‡Hh m hKg jKi Ï6Ĕl¨l m ƒUhK©
g Ò m†j l
€ ÒW‹~$g\h ÞU¤i ± Ĕh@g†h)„…h@g\€‚lg\‡kh@{ m l¨‰ j\j h j\j7m ƒ$h
h@hKºl€ j ñ jOm hK‡k‰ m f}‘Š~U$‘Kh@g m ‰ f} m ñˆf m ƒ$hŠÃh Ó m gœ‰‘ m fl£l€ m ƒ$&
h ñfhK}{ jKi σ$h m ƒUf}g†{ Ε‰ ~ j†j f¢‰
Ĕ‰ j h@}f‡kfW‰ m h@{n€‚g\l‡ m ƒ$h j 6
h Ò m†jKi þWlf
g þ&f ¹
ƒ Ό‰~ j\j f¢‰  j Ä"hKg\h~ j hK{ m ©
l Ò m5m ƒ$h— ˜ i σ$f j
m ¼ ÿ|l m c
‹fh j ‰p‡kf$f}‡D~U‡B ‰~$h1€‚lg7¥ t ûYy`|hK‘‰ ~ j h m ƒU»
h Ò m†m f$‹pg†l~ m f$h)‰ m†m hK‡H„ mœj<m lpf}$‘@}~${Uh m ƒ$h
‘@l~$ mœj Uh‰g “ hKg†l)‡Hf j\j f}U‹1‡k‰ j†jj Ç~$‰g†h@{3‰ j „W‰g m l € m ƒ$h m ‰f}…l€ m ƒ$h<—–˜ iA¯  m ƒ$f j ‘‰ j h7¥ ûYy
t
f j&m ƒUhÃh ӑKh j\j l€…‘Kl~$ mœj ‰|…lžh m ƒ$h m ‰f i þWl
g þ&f h Ό‰~ j\j f¢‰ »
 Ĕ‰ j ~ j hK{k€‚lg m ƒ$h—–˜º‰${
m Ê ÿl$I
l$h™€‚lg m ƒ$I
h û3„h‰ i σ$f j ‹f®h j ‰1‡Šw‰ ÓUf‡D~$‡»h j\m f‡Š‰ m h™€‚lg”¥ t ûYy"|…h@‘‰~ j h7f m ‰ j\j ~$‡Hh jm ƒW‰ m
h û±„h‰ i þ&f m†k
m ƒ$hn—x˜ m ‰fcf j ‡Hf}Uf}‡k‰xf} m ƒ$hDg\hK‹fl3l € m ƒ$A
j ¼ ‰U{ Ê {$f®Yh@g™f m ƒ$h1‘›ƒ$lf}‘@h j
l €5f}Uf m f}‰x‹~Uh j†j h j €‚lg m ƒ$h1„W‰ gœ‰‡Hh m hKg j@i¯ ?‰ m ƒ$g\hKh1‘K‰ j h j ÿ…¥ ·”˜œ—x˜Žd
y Ĕ‰ j h j\m f}‡k‰ m h@{­€‚g†l‡
t
m ƒ$hŒ~$‡D|hKgl€&‘Kl~$ m†j ²9f m ƒ$hŒgœ‰U‹h êUi ê‰Ê Å êUi êõŸµ•¶¸· q™‰ € m h@g j ~$| m gœ‰‘ m f$‹ m ƒ$h7—–˜ m ‰f¨ Í
¥
t
·
˜ — ˜ yA¼©½
t
²¿¾
¼*ÞÀ
yŽÁ
Þ i¤± y
tU
Counts
õ‰Ô
160
140
í π0
120
100
80
60
40
ùγ
20
0
-0.1
-0.075
-0.05
-0.025
0
0.025
0.05
0.075
Ö
0.1
Mâ X (K ΛX) (GeV )
2
+
2
ÂÃvÄŒÆvɶyx•Ú
ò­f j\j f}U‹H‡k‰ \j jj Ç~W‰g\hK{­€‚g\l‡ ë Ñ è w ìǀ‚lgƒ‘ñ„…h@g†l­‡Š‰ j†j h j f}
m ƒ$hŒg†‰$‹h ± i Ê‰Ô Å ±i ÔÊ ÎŒhŽ i σ$h•‘K~Ug\h•f jm ƒ$hŒg†h j ~$ m l€ m ƒ$hkÒ m {$h j ‘Kg\f}|hK{3f
j hK‘ m f}l ÞU¤i ±i
õ È
ħƒUhKg†h
À f jm ƒ$hDš‰ m |W‰‘›‹g\l~$${ m h@g†‡Èl| m ‰ f}$h@{3€‚g†l‡ m ƒUh`Ò m ÿ ¼*Þ f j`m ƒ$hD~$‡D|hKg7l€º|$f j
f m ƒ$h j „…h@‘Kf™Ò$hK{Égœ‰ $‹h‰ÿ§‰ ${ɽ_¼ ±'¤±±¦Ô) êU' ê°‰Ô f j ‰±‘Klg\g†hK‘ m flʀv‰‘ m lgH{$hKg\fhK{ˀ‚g†l‡
j f}‡D~U¢‰ m f}l m l1‰‘@‘Kl~U m €‚lg m ƒ$h§€‚gœ‰ ‘ m flHl€ m ƒ$hk·”˜†—x˜{$f jOm g\f}|$~ m f}l m ƒW‰ m Ĕl~$}{H€v‰}$l~ mœj f}{$h
y ĉ j ‘@lg†g\hK‘ m hK{R€‚lg m ƒUhG·”˜œ—x˜ m ‰f}Y‰‘K‘@lg†{$f$‹ m l
m ƒ$h j „hK‘@™f ÒWh@{­g†‰$‹h i σ$h• ‰~$h7l€¬¥ t —–˜ŽU
Ì ¥ — ˜ yͼÏÎ
t
½/¾
½
±
¥
Ð
t
·
Þ i¼ y
tU
˜ — ˜ y '
σUh•g\h j ~$ m†j l € m ƒ$h m ƒ$g\hKhkÒ mœj ‰g\h m ‰|$~U¢‰ m hK{Rf} m ‰ |$}h ÞUi¤±i
ÑfÓ m g†‰‘ m f}$‹ m ƒ$h¨~$‡D|hKgHl€
ÑH‘Kl~U m†j f j ‰|$f mŸm g†f‘›‘ñ iËҙjkj ƒ$lßħËf}4ÒW‹~$g\h Þi ¼ Ò ÿ
u
g\hK}‰ m f®hK¤k
ñ €‚hÄ u ѧ‘‰ ${$f}{$‰ m h jj ~$g\f®h m ƒ$h ±i Ê‰Ô Å ±i Ô‘Ê Î7h@Óƒ‘ñ„…h@g†l­‡Š‰ j\j ‘K~ mKi σ$h j lf}{
‘@~$g\hŸf j ‰&Ò m`m l m ƒ$hn{W‰ m ‰¡~ j f$‹p‰&ҚÓh@{z‡k‰ j\j l€ êUi °õ‘¼ ΌhŽ»‰${‰cҚÓhK{8ħf}{ m ƒ/l€ êUi ê È
Î h@Ô€‚lg m ƒ$h u Ñn‰${ˆ‰XΌ‰~ j\j f¢‰  m l3‰„U„$g†l¦Óf}‡k‰ m h m ƒ$hk|$‰‘›‹g†l~U${x¦ m ƒ$hk{$‰ j ƒ$h@{£‘K~Ug\h
7
f j1m ƒUhpg†h j ~$ m l €`‰ÉÒ m ~ j f}U‹kÕ\~ j\m)m ƒUhlΕ‰~ j†j f}‰ i σ$hp€‚lg†‡HhKgGÒ m ‹fh j ‰Öh jOm f‡Š‰ m h¡l
Ä f m ƒ¨‰H× q«Ø ¥xÙÚ/l€ êUi õ‰õõUi σ$h«Î•‰ ~ j†j f¢‰¥Å‰}l$h
m ƒ$hŒ~$‡D|hKg§l€ u Ñ ‘@l~$ mœj l€ ¼‰U
Ê '™
õ ±ßà ' à §
Ò m g\h m ~$g† j ‰ j }f‹ƒ m ¤£
ñ }lß"
Ä hKgH× q«Ø ¥xÙÚ t ê i õÊ È y i Ï ƒ$h m ”
Ä l:Ò mœj l€©$Ò ‹~$g†h UÞ i ¼ Ò ‰g†h¨$hK‰g†¤ñ
hW
Ç ~$f ‰hK miA¯ ¨lg†{UhKg m lH‰ j\j h j†j™m ƒ$hŒ‡kh@g†f m l€&‰{${$f$‹ m ƒ$h•Û”g\hKf m Å ÜÝf‹$h@g”€‚lg m ƒUh u Ñ „h‰éÿ
Ò $h
¯ „hKg\€‚lg†‡HhK{¨‰ þÅ m h j\mžÞ ʉõ ߪiº¯ {$hW$
àá¼ãâ
Ê
גq tvä &
y ¾¤×’q ‚t ä ¹
× q tvä ¹ Ê y
y
å
²æ¾ ä
Ê
¾
Ê
Á
ħƒUhKg†h•×
Þ iÊ y
tU
q
q
tvä y‘Klg†g†h j „l${ j§m l m ƒUhn{W‰ j ƒ$h@{3‘K~Ug\hnf}›ÒW‹~$g\h ÞUi ¼Ò ÿW× tvä ¹ Ê y‘Klg†g†h j „l${ j
m l m ƒ$h j l}f}{±‘K~$gOhpf ÒW‹~Ug†h ÞUi ¼ Ò ÿ&²9¾ ä ¾ Ê ¼ ¼ ç ‰${ ä ¼ ÊUi3¯ l| m ‰f êUi È Þ‘à ÿ m l
|h1‘@l‡H„W‰g†h@{ m l¡àéè Ê ÿ m ƒ$h•‰ }~$hnl€ÍàԋfhK m ƒ$h m Ä"lp{$hK‹g\hKh j l€A€‚g†h@hK{$l‡ãê맼 Ê ‰${
ê ¼ ¼ç €‚le
g ħƒ$f‘›ƒ m ƒ$h§„$g†l|$‰|$f}f m ñnl€…h ӑKh@hK{$f$‹1à©f jêUi ê È i σ$f j f}‡H„$f}h jcm ƒW‰ m ‰{${$f$‹ m ƒ$h
q
Û"g†hKf m ÅìÜÝf}‹$h@g m l m ƒ$"
h Ò m f j l €{$~$|$fl~ j ‡HhKg\f mKi5í l j ]h Ç~$h@ m ™ ñ‰ÿ m ƒ$h u Ñ Ø ‘@l m ‰‡Hf}$‰ m flAĔ‰ j
‰  j lkh jOm f}‡k‰ m hK{/f‰ j h@‘Kl$8
{ Ĕ¦‰ ñ i σ$h u Ø —–˜7‡k‰ j\j {$f jOm g\f}|$~ m f}l¨€‚lg m ƒ$h¡î i Ê‰Ô Åœî i Ô‘Ê Î7h@
‘ƒ ñ„hKg†ln‡k‰ j†j g†‰$‹¹
h Ĕ‰ j Ò m ħf m ƒn‰ j f}$‹
h Ό‰~ j†j f¢‰Œf m ƒ$hÍgœ‰U‹h êUi ༠śî i ¬
î Î7h@ i σ$ḧ́…hK‰
„l j f m flH‰${ j f}‹‡Š‰7l€ m ƒ$k
h Ό‰~ j\j f}‰c
 Ĕ‰ j ҚÓhK{p‰U
{ Ò mœj l€ m ƒ$h
—–˜‡k‰ j†j {$f j\m g\f}|$~ m f}l j
Ø
u
€‚lg m ƒ$h j h m l€Œ‘
ƒ ñ„hKg†lɇŠ‰ j\j f m hKgO‰  j î i Ê*Ô Å›î i È:ΌhŽ`
 ÿî i Ê*Ô Å›î i ÈÈ ÎŒhŽ`
 ÿî i Ê*Ô Å›î i Þ ÎŒhŽ`
 ÿ
 t ûYy
 t —x˜«y
 t ·”˜œ—x˜«y
|
× q«Ø ¥xÙÚ
”!$#¬%
vɶ|xÚ
ݧh
þ&f m î
î ¼ i¼
È à*Uõ i à
õà i à
î i ÊÞ È
êUi õ‘¼‰Þ
È
þ&f mI¼
çUi Ê
ççi à
ê î i¼
î i ¼*ԑÊ
î i îî õ
î
þ¬f mÊ
î $
Ô iÔ
È Þ‘à i Þ
õUÊ i Ô
î i
È îî
î iî ç È
j ~$ m†j l€ m ƒ$h m ƒ$g\hKhkÒ m†j l €ÜÒW‹~$g†h U
Þ i îŒ{$h j ‘Kg†f|…h@{3f m ƒ$h m hÃÓ mi
õÞ
î i Ê‰Ô Å›î i Þ ÈAΌhŽ`ÿYî i Ê‰Ô Å›î i à Î7h@GÿYî i Ê‰Ô Åœî i à ÈGÎ7h@`ÿU‰${/î i Ê‰Ô Å›î iïç Î7h@ Ä"hKg\h7„…h@g\€‚lg\‡kh@{ i σ$h
Ό‰~ j\j f}‰ j ƒ$‰„…h«Ä‰ j7j ~$| m gœ‰‘ m hK{?€‚g\l‡ÈhK‰‘›ƒ{$f jOm g\f}|$~ m f}l3‰${ m ƒ$hŸg†h j ~$ m Ĕ‰ j Ò m ħf m ƒ‰
Û"g†hKf m ÅìÜÝf}‹$h@g i σ$h m g†h@${›Ä‰ j Ò m ħf m ƒR‰D€‚l~$g m ƒ¥Ålg†{UhKg„l™ñ$l‡Hf¢‰ …‰ ${RhÓ m g†‰„…l¢‰ m hK{ m l
m ƒ$h)î i Ê‰Ô Å›î i Ô‘Ê Î7h@ð‡k‰ j†j f m hKgO‰ ¨ÿW‰ j§j ƒ$lßħ3f}ÒW‹~$g†h ÞUi ¼ Û i σ$h•‘K~Ug\hAĉ j g\h]Ç~$fg†hK{ m l
„$‰ j†jcm ƒ$g\l~$‹ƒ m ƒ$h t ê ÿ ê y’„lf mKi σUh<î i Ê‰Ô Å›î i Ô‘Ê Î7h@ñ‡Š‰ j\j f m hKgO‰ jĔ‰ j Ul m f$‘K~${$hK{nf} m ƒ$h
Ò m l€ m ƒ$h m g†h@${ i σ$h~$‡D|hKg¬l€ u Ñ Ø ‘@l~$ mœj l| m ‰ f}$h@{n€‚g†l‡ m ƒ$h”hÃÓ m gœ‰ „…l}‰ m fl m h@‘›ƒ$$f‡Ç~$h
Ĕ‰ j î õU' õ…&
õU' ài σ$h@g†hf j ‰`}‰g†‹h j ñ jOm h@‡Š‰ m f}‘"~$$‘Kh@g m ‰f} m ñnf}1Ãh Ó m gœ‰ ‘ m f$‹<¥ tªu Ñ Ø è u Ø —–˜›y i
òh@hKg m ƒ$hKh j\j ÿ j f}$‘@h m ƒUhn‘
ƒ ñ„…h@g†l?‡k‰ j\j ‘@~ m l€î i Ê*Ô Å›î i Ô‘Ê ÎŒhŽ Ò mœj ħf m ƒ$f m ƒ$h1f$hK‡k‰ m f‘
g†‰$‹hŸl € m ƒUh
ѕ‰${ m ƒUhkhŽf{$hKU‘Kh)€‚g†l‡ Ò$‹~$g†&
h È i ¼ f j ‘Kh‰g m ƒW‰ m
ÑK´ j ‰ g†h j h@hKˆf m ƒ$h
u
u
{$‰ m š
‰ ÿ m ƒ$h@g†hf j Ul7g†h‰ j l m l•‰ j\j ~$‡Hh m ƒ$‰ m5m ƒUh
A‘@l m ‰‡Hf}W‰ m f}l1f j&“ hKg\l$¦ƒ$hKU‘Kh m ƒ$h§g\h j ~U m
Ñ
u
€‚g\l‡ m ƒ$hŒh Ó m g†‰„l¢‰ m f}l&
 ħf}}Y|…h7~ j hK{­f} m ƒ$hŒ|$g†‰$‘›ƒ$f$‹)gœ‰ m f}l)‘‰ }‘K~U¢‰ m f}l i
LMó
ôˆVÍbOX’õ7bV&S$Z\[<]ÔSWö<aø÷<TWVÍ[<Xö7Z\[<]ÔTWV&S$ZOù
۔h@‘‰~ j h1l € m ƒ$h•¢‰ g†‹hŒ|$g†‰$‘›ƒ3€‚lg m ƒ$h­· Ø m Š
l {UhK‘‰¦ñ m lAð$—–˜¦ÿ m ƒUh•—–˜™„…hK‰R‘‰­‘Kl m ‰f}
‘@l m g\f}|$~ m f}l j €‚g\l‡æ|l m ƒÉ· t î Êç Èy‰ ${ w t î ԑê Ȏy ¦W€‚~$g m ƒ$h@g†‡Hlg†h*ÿ u Ñ Ø „W‰g m f}‘@}h j „$g\l{$~U‘KhK{
f m ƒ$hÍg\h‰‘ m f}l¯ûðè u Ñ Ø…w {$hK‘K‰ßñ m l u Ø —–˜ºî¸ú Ê l € m ƒ$h m f‡kh i Ï&‰ f$‹ m ƒ$h j hº‘Kl m g†f}|U~ m fl j
f m l)‰‘@‘Kl~$ m ÿ
¥ t — ˜ yº¼r² t
· Ñ è
w — ˜ y¹/² t
· Ñ è
· Ø — Ù
Ñ è
· Ø — Ù
y¹3¥ t w u
ÑØ
y¹/² t
· Ø
ј
yŽÁ
t ÞUi Ô y
ħƒUhKg†h¨‰ m hKg†‡ j ‰g\h j ~$|Õ\h@‘ m)m l m ƒUh¨‘@l${$f m fl m ƒW‰ mŸm ƒ$h@g†hR|…hR‰ w f m ƒ$hRh@hK mi σ$h
· Ø u ј™‘@l m ‰‡Hf}W‰ m f}lpf j $h@‹}f‹f}|$h t j h@h j hK‘ m f}lXÈ i î i ¼ yÿ j lH² t · Ø u јŽy"ħf}Y|hŒf}‹Ulg†h@{ i
û f$‘Kh m ƒ$h&· î Êç Èy™f j f j l j „$f} ¯ ¼Dîÿ’f m ‘K‰$$l m {$hK‘K‰ßñ m lÉ·”˜œ—x˜¦ÿ|ħƒ$hKg\h‰ jŒm ƒ$h w î ԑê Èy
t
t
{Ulh j |hK‘‰ ~ j h<f m f j”¯ ¼ êUi σUf j €v‰‘ m ‘K‰p|h`hӄ$lf m hK{ m lDh j\m f‡Š‰ m h m ƒ$h<~$‡1|…h@g”l€ w t î ԑê Èy
„$‰g m f}‘Kh j „$g\l{U~$‘Kh@{ i σ$h±~$‡D|hKg¨² t w t î ԑê Èy\ypf j g†h@¢‰ m hK{ m l m ƒ$hz~$‡D|hKgRl€D‘@l~$ mœj
¥ t ·”˜œ—–˜›y‰|…lžh m ƒ$h7—–˜™„h‰ ¡f} ÞUi în‰‘K‘@lg†{$f$‹ m l
Ñ
y¹/² t w
u
¥ t ·”˜œ—–˜Žy
˜ — ˜ y t w
Á
t ÞUi Èy
wt Ñ è ·
Ñ è · ˜— ˜y
ħƒUhKg†hzü t w Ñ è · ˜ — ˜ ypf jŠm ƒUhz„Ug†l|W‰ |$f}f m ñ m ƒW‰ m¨m ƒ$h w t î ԑê Èycħf}`{$h@‘‰¦ñ m l · ˜ — ˜ ‰${
t w Ñ è · ˜ — ˜ y§f j™m ƒ$hD„$g\l|W‰|Uf}}f m ñ m ƒ$‰ m`m ƒ$f j {$hK‘K‰ßñ3‘›ƒW‰$UhKfħf}’|…h j hKh@‰ € m h@g m ƒ$h1 ‰g†f Å
l ~ j ‘K~ m†j ƒW‰hH|…h@hK±‰„$„$f}hK{ i σ$h í }h@| j ‘›ƒ¥Å Όlg†{$l m ‰|$}h j f}${Uf}‘‰ m h m ƒW‰ m h‰ ‘›ƒˆ‘›ƒW‰g\‹hK{
@‘ l‡D|$fW‰ m f}l¡l €¹·"—±ƒW‰ j h]Ç~W‰ –„$g†l|$‰|$f}f m ñtÍ5f i h*ÿ
² tw
ü tw
Ñ è
·
˜ — ˜ yͼ©ü w
t
Ñ è
yA¼
ü
· Ø — Ù
yA¼ýü t w
Ñ è
· Ù — Ø
yA¼
Ê
î
ü tw
Ñ è
˜
t ·"—cy
yÍè
Ê
î
' tU
Þ iÞ y
þWg†l‡
m ƒUf j †g h j ~$ m ‰­h j\m f}‡k‰ m h7l€ m ƒUh•~$‡1|…h@gl €&‘@l~$ mœj f} m ƒUh•— ˜ „h‰¡fÒW‹~$g\h Þ iî
‘@l‡Hf}$‹D€‚g\l‡ m $
ƒ hŒg†h‰ ‘ m fl w t î ԑê Èyfè · Ø — Ù ‘K‰­|hŒ‘‰‘K~$}‰ m h@y
{ Í
² tw
Ñ è
· Ø — Ù
yA¼ýü t w
Ñ è
· Ø — Ù
yO t w
Ñ è
· Ø — Ù
y\² t w
Ñ
yͼ
tw
w
t
Ñ¬è · Ø — Ù
Ñ è · ˜— ˜
y
y
¥ t
·
˜ — ˜ y
Þ ià y
tU
Counts
õ‘à
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
ÿ5
þ0
þ 0.5
þ 0.6
þ 0.7
þ 0.8
þ 0.9
1
*
K counts
1.1
+ 0
1.2
(A) Fits of K π mass for 1.34-1.43 GeV Y masses
+ 0
80
K π mass (GeV)
*
70
60
ÿ 50
40
30
20
10
þ0
þ0
þ 0.1
þ 0.2
þ 0.3
*
þ 0.4
mass window (GeV)
(B) Extrapolation of K contribution
ÂÂÄÅcÆwvɶ|x™ç
Ñ jOm f}‡k‰ m f}l¡l € u Ñ ‘Kl m g†f}|U~ m fl m l m ƒ$h7— ˜ „h‰¡f­o s q vt u Ø w ìzy i
y þ&f m l € m ƒ$h u ؅— ˜ ‡Š‰ j\j {$f jOm g†f|$~ m f}lŠ€‚lgh@h@ mœj ħf m ƒlë Ñ ‡Š‰ j†j f} m $
ƒ hŒgœ‰$‹h
Òt d
Ñ ‘@l m g\f}|$~ m f}lp€‚lg{UhK‘Kg\h‰ j f}$‹H‡k‰ j†j \g hK‹fl j
î i Ê*Ô Å›î i Ô‘Ê Î7h@ i ÛyA}l m l€ m ƒ$h
t
u
|h m Ä"hKh@£î i Ê‰Ô Åœî i ç Î7h@ø‰U{zî i Ê‰Ô Å›î i ȭΌhŽ i
õç
ܱhŒ‘‰¨h jOm f}‡k‰ m h m ƒ$hŒ~$‡D|hKg§l€e· î È y«´ j „$g\l{$~U‘KhK{¨~ j f}$‹ m ƒ$h w —–˜§‘›ƒW‰$$h@¨Í
t Ê ç
² t
· Ñ
yA¼
ü t
· Ñ è
² t
·6Ñ6è
w —x˜«y
w — ˜ yO t
· Ñ è
w — ˜ y
Þ iïç y
tU
Á
ħƒUhKg†hÊü t ·6ÑUè w —–˜Žy/f jm ƒ$h°„$g\l|W‰|$f}f m ñ m ƒ$‰ m±m ƒ$h.· t î Êç ÈyXħf}}Ÿ{UhK‘‰¦ñ m l w —x˜£‰${
t ·6ÑUè w —–˜«y)f jkm ƒ$h3„Ug†l|W‰ |$f}f m ñ m ƒW‰ mŠm ƒ$f j ‘›ƒW‰U$hK©Ä§f}|h3l| j hKgOh@{©‰€ m hKg m ƒ$h­‘K~ m†jKi
þWg\l‡ m ƒ$f j Ä"h™‘K‰k{UhK{$~$‘@h`ƒ$lßÄɇk‰‘ñc· t î Êç Èy¹è ·6ØY—fي‘Kl~U m†j Ä"l~${k‘@l m g\f}|$~ m h m l m ƒ$h
— ˜ „h‰ tÍ
²
t
· Ñ è
· Ø — Ù yA¼ýü t · Ñ è
ü t ·6Ñ"è · Ø — Ù y
ü t· Ñ è w — ˜ y
¼
· Ø — Ù y t · Ñ è · Ø — Ù
·6Ñ6è · Ø — Ù y
t
² · Ñ è
t
t· Ñ è w — ˜ y
ħƒUhKg†h¡ü t 6
· Ñ6è · Ø — Ù ynf jŒm ƒ$hŠ„$g†l|$‰|$f}f m ñ m
t ·6ÑUè · Ø — Ù yºf j"m ƒUh<„$g†l|W‰|$f}f m ñ m ƒW‰ m"m ƒ$f j
m ƒ$hŒ$l m ‰ m flyÿ¥Ä"hŒ{$hWÒ$$h
ü
ü t·
ü t
ü ¼
y\²
t
· Ñ
y
Þ iõ y
tU
w — ˜ y«Á
ƒW‰ mDm ƒ$h· t î Êç Èy¯Ä§f}Í{$hK‘K‰ßñ m l2· Ø — Ù ‰${
‘›ƒW‰ $$hK´Ä§f}} j ~$g\
 fh m ƒUh<‘K~ m†jKi Ïcl j f‡k„$f€œñ
Ñ è ·—
–y
· Ñ è w — ˜y
¼
êU' î Ê È .
ê' ê
Þ iî ê y
tU
îîÁ
~ j f}U‹ m ƒ$h‰h@gœ‰‹h" ‰}~UhUÇ~$l m Kh {Df ÞKÞ ßªi σUh m Ĕl™‘›ƒW‰g\‹hK{D‘@l‡D|$fW‰ m f}l j l€¢·"—R‰g\h"hWÇ~$‰}¤ñ
„ g†l|W‰ |$}h i
U
h €‚lg§² t ·6Ñ"è w —–˜«yÍ
³j f}U‹HhWÇ~W‰ m fl jÞUi Ô ‰${ ÞUi õ ÿšÄ”h j l7
² t
· Ñ è
¥ t — ˜ y5¾¤² t w Ñ è ·6؅—fمy&¾Ö² t w u
î"¹ § q 
w — ˜ yA¼
Ñ Ø’y
Þ i îî¸y
tU
'
σUf j
f j¬m ƒ$h‘Kl m g†f|$~ m fl m l m ƒUh”— ˜ „h‰•f}AÒW‹~$g\h ÞUi î{$~$h m l m ƒ$h{$h@‘‰¦ñ»· ˜ t î Êç Èy¹è w — ˜ i
۔l m ƒ m ƒUh w t î ԑê Ȓ
y ‰${ m ƒ$hb· t î Êç Èyc‘‰Ÿ‘@l m g†f|$~ m h m l m ƒ$
h „$ƒUl m lŸ„h‰ nf`ÒW‹~$g\h ÞUi î i
þW~$g m ƒ$h@g†‡Hlg†h*ÿ m ƒ$h u Ñ Ø {$hK‘K‰¦ñ j gœ‰{$f}‰ m f®h@™ñ êi îýl € m ƒ$h m f‡kh i Ϭ‰f}U‹ m ƒUh j h"‘Kl m g†f}|U~ m fl j
f m l)‰‘@‘Kl~$ m ÿ
¥ t ûYyͼ©² t
· Ñ è
û
Ñ èøû
w yx¹°² t w
w y–¹°² tªu
ÑØ è
û
ܱh7‘‰R~ j h m ƒ$h7„$g\h@f}l~ j h ӄ…h@g†f‡kh@ m ‰xg\h j ~U m €‚lg m ƒ$h7{$h@‘‰¦ñ w î
t
‡k‰ m h m ƒ$h w t î ԑê ÈyŽ´ j ‘Kl m g†f}|U~ m f lyÍ
²
tw
Ñ èôû
¼
ħƒUhKg†h<ü
w yA¼ýü t w
Ñ è
Ê
û
ü tw
Ñ è
ÑUèøû w yA¼ êU' êêê È Ôº êU' êêê î
tw
‰ ${¨‰Ÿ€‚~U}Zħf{ m ƒ¨l€eÈ ê§ü¼ ò­h@ Þ Þߪi
u
Ø
Þ iî ¼ y
tU
y '
ԑê Èy¹èôû
w
w y t w Ñ è û w yO² t w Ñ y
t w Ñ"èôû w y
¥ · ˜ — ˜ y
w y
tw Ñ è · ˜ — ˜ y t
m lŸh j\m f¤Å
Þ
û
|W‰ j hK{plp‰•gœ‰{Uf¢‰ m fhbħf}{ m ƒ¡l€
Þ iî Ê y
tU
¼‰àA£ç
hŽ Þ îî ß
õõ
Ü h¡‘‰ °h j\m f}‡k‰ m hkƒ$lßÄ-‡k‰‘ñ
±
Ñ g†‰{$f¢‰ m fhŠ{$h@‘‰¦ñ j Ĕh j ƒ$l~${ j hKhp|‘ñ j ‘‰f}$‹ m ƒ$h
u Ø
l| j h@g\h@{ˆ~$‡D|hKgŒl€
Ñ è u Ø —xn
˜ hŽhK m†jKi σ$h)h j\m f}‡k‰ m h@{
 ~U‡D|…h@gŒl€
Ñ $„ g\l{$~U‘KhK{
u Ø
u Ø
f  m ƒ$hŒÃh ÓU„hKg\f}‡HhK m f j ‹f®h@­|‘ñ
Ñ è u Ø —x˜Žy
tªu Ø
Á
î y
t ÞUi Ô
ü tªu Ñ Ø è u Ø — ˜ yO tvu Ñ Ø è u Ø — ˜ y
ħƒUhKg†hH¥ tvu Ñ Ø è u Ø —–˜«y7f j<m ƒ$hHl| j h@g\hK{¤~$‡D|hKgŒl€ u Ñ Ø è u Ø —–˜1hŽh@ †m j ÿAü tvu Ñ Ø è
h „$g†l|W‰|$f}f m ñ
u Ø —–˜«y†¼Dî¸ú Ê f jm ƒ$hn„Ug†l|W‰ |$f}f m ñŠ€‚lg m ƒ$h1{$h@‘¦‰ ñ­‰${­ tªu Ñ Ø è u Ø —–˜«yf j§m ƒ$•
m ƒW‰ mm ƒ$f j g\h‰‘ m f}l›Ä§f}…|…hŒl| j hKgOhK{/‰${ j ~$gOfhn‰ m ƒ$hŒ‘@~ œm j@i σUhK
²
²
tvu
ÑØ è
Ê
¼
ÑØ
tªu
ü
¥
yͼ
u
Ø ûYyͼýü
tvu
u
ÑØ è
tªu
Ø ûYy
ÑØ è
þ&fW‰™ ñÿ m ƒ$hgœ‰{Uf¢‰ m fh§|$g†‰$‘›ƒ$f$‹1g†‰
f j ‹fhKR|‘ñ
tû
Ø xû y tvu Ñ Ø è u Ø ûYy\² tvu Ñ Ø y
Ñ è u Ø ûYy
tvu Ø
¥ tvu Ñ Ø è u Ø — ˜ y '
è
—
y
Ñ
˜
Ø
Ø
tvu
u
m fl7€‚lg m ƒ$h©· ˜ t î Êç Èy5g†hK}‰ m f®h m l m ƒ$h
u
Þ i îwÈy
tU
w — ˜ ‘›ƒW‰U$hK
¥ t ûxy5¾¤² t w Ñ"èôû w y&¾¤² vt u Ñ Ø èøû u Ø y
¥ t — ˜ y&¾Ö² t w Ñ è · Ø — Ù y&¤
¾ ² tw u ÑØ y å
·6Ñ6è w —–˜›y
ü t ·6Ñ"è · Ø — Ù y
â î"¹
U
( â t
t ÞUi î Þ y
t · Ñ èøû w y å
¼ t· Ñ è w — ˜y å
σ$h/ ‰g\f}l~ j ‘Kl m g†f|$~ m fl jHm l m ƒUh/~$‡D|hKg¡l€Œ—–˜R‰ ${ ûý‘@l~$ mœj ‰ g†h m ‰|$~$}‰ m h@{Ëf}
h Ol¸hKg†‰} ‰‘K‘@hK„ m ‰$‘Kh j t j hKh j hK‘ m f}l.È i ¼i Ô y1~ j h@{ñf m ƒ$h
m ‰|$h ÞUi ¼i σ$hp ‰}~$h j €‚lg m ƒU
‘K‰}‘@~$¢‰ m f}l j ‰g\hŒhK~$‡HhKgœ‰ m hK{¨f} m ‰|$}h Þi ÊUi σUh•g\h j ~$ m €‚lg m ƒ$hŒ|$gœ‰U‘›ƒ$f}$‹)g†‰ m flHf j
w y
t— ˜ w y
º
¼
â
t · ·”˜ t î î Êç ÈÈy¹y¹è èø— û w w
˜
t ˜ t Êç
y
êU' ꑼ‰êÞ§ êU' êêç*Ô ØÙ ˜˜ ˜˜˜˜ ** '
t ÞUi î à y
ÿ f m f j $h@‘Kh j\j ‰gÆñ m l
¯ Ýlg\{$hKg m l֑Kl‡H„W‰g\h m ƒ$f j g†h j ~$ m ħf m ƒ m ƒ$h?‡Hl{UhK`„Ug†hK{Uf}‘ m f}l j §
‘@lh@g mm ƒ$h<|$g†‰$‘›ƒ$f$‹Dgœ‰ m f}l•f} m lD‰«Ä§f{ m ƒ¡fŠ~$Uf mœj l€’hŽ i Ï ƒ$h<„W‰g m f}‰¢Ä§f}{ m ƒ j €‚lg”‰}l€
ò hŽ`Í
m ƒ$h•‰‰ f}¢‰ |$}h™‘›ƒW‰$$h@ j§j ƒUl~$}{ j ~$‡ m l p¼ ʧ
Þ È»­
t w — ˜ y–¹! t ·"—’y–¹! t w xû y–¹" t · ˜ Yû yA¼# '
t ÞUi î ç y
ݧhWħg\f m f}$‹<hWÇ~W‰ m fl UÞ i î ç f} m h@g†‡ j l€…‡khK‰ j ~$g\hK{H|$gœ‰ $‘›ƒ$f}U‹•g†‰ m fl j ‰U{ j lf$‹<€‚lg$ t w ûxyÃÿ
Ä"hŒl| m ‰f}
º
ü t w Yû yA¼
'
Þ iî õ y
º î"¹ñ
º
tU
î"¹ñü ü (
' ¹ñü º
&%
º
ѹ
Ç ~W‰ m f}l ÞUi î õ f$‘K~${$h jnm ƒUhŠ~$$‡Hh‰ j ~$g\hK{£|$g†‰$‘›ƒ$f$‹3g†‰ m fl3ü º iR¯m f j $l m „…l j\j f|$}h m l
‘@l‡H„$~ m h) t w Y
û yd§
Ä f m ƒUl~ m g\h j lg m f}$‹ m lp‰Š‡Hl{UhKclg<‰ j\j ~$‡Hf}U‹ m ƒW‰ m t ”
· ˜†Yû yf j $h@‹}f‹f}|U}h i
û yŒ‰${* t w Yû y<{$f…hKg•f}±‡Š‰ ‹$f m ~${$h*ÿ m ƒ$hkg†‰Å
Ò  m ƒ$l~$‹ƒ m ƒUhŠ‡Hl{$h@A„$g†h@{$f}‘ m fl j €‚lg) t · ˜ x
· ˜†xû y Ø t w xû y•f j ‰„U„$g†l¦Ó f}‡k‰ m h@™ñ m ƒUh j ‰‡HhŠ€‚g†l‡ ‡kl{$h@ m l?‡Hl{$hK•Í m ƒUhpgœ‰ m f}l j ‰g†h
m f}l+ t ”
Ý ,¯ò Þ õ ÿ ç ß Uÿ ‘›ƒUf}gœ‰ …|W‰ ‹ Þ ¼ ß Uÿ ‰${¡g\hK}‰ m f®f “ h@{ í ,¯ò Þ î ê ß
ê i ê ç îÿ Uê i ê‰õõ ÿ ‰${ Uê i ê çÞ €‚lg m ƒ$h7òI
‘K‰}‘@~$¢‰ m f}l j ÿ g†h j „hK‘ m fhK™ñ i”³j f$‹ m ƒ$h•‰h@gœ‰‹h t Uê i ê çç‘à y”l€ m ƒUh j h m ƒUg†hKhŒg†‰ m fl j ÿ ¯ l| m ‰f}
t w xû yA¼ މԑ
ê ¼à*ê ØÙ që q* ˜˜ h@ i
Þ i ¼‰ê y
tU
ü y
¼
î
.7f}h@}{
Ñ \j m f}‡k‰ m h@{X·”˜œ—x˜‘@l~$ mœj
݉ßÄ/O—–˜0)‘@l~$ mœj
·”˜œ—–˜ m ‰f
y è · Ø — Ù
w t î ԑê Èe
· t î Êç ȹ
y è · Ø — Ù
u ÑUè u Ø —x˜
í lg\g†hK‘ m h@{­—–˜§‘Kl~$ mœj
Ý߉ Ä û/‘@l~$ mœj
y èôû w
w t î ԑê Èe
u
Ñ Ø èôû
Ø
u
û ‘@l~$ mœj
í lg\g†hK‘ m h@{ /
”!$#¬%
vɶyx‡ç
õ‘ài à
È çõ i à
î ê iê
î Ê iê
çi Þ
î õ iõ
È Ê çi ¼
î ¼ iî à
ê i ¼*Ô
U
ê i êÞ
U
îî iïç‘à
û m ‰ m f jOm f}‘K‰
‰ f} m ñ
³ $‘@hKg m î ài õ
ʉÔ$i È
ài Þ
¼iïç
¼i ê
õUi à
ÊÞUiïç
Ô$i à
êUi ê‰õ
êUi ê‰Ê
Ô$i à
û ñ j\m hK‡k‰ m f‘
 ‘@hKg m ‰f m ñ
³ $
¹ ÊUi È¥ÿ¥Å Ô$i Ê
¹ õUi Ô ÿ¥Åœî ¼i È
¹ êUi Ô ÿ¥Å êUi Ô
¹ êUi È¥ÿ¥Å êUi Þ
¹ êUi ¼ ÿ¥Åœî i Þ
¹ Ô$i ê ÿ¥Åœî õUi õ
¹ ¼¼i î ÿ¥Åœî ÊUi î
¹ ¼i ¼ ÿ¥Å ÊUi õ
¹ ê ÿ¥Å êUi ¼Ô
¹ êUi ê î ÿ¥Å êUi ê‰Þ
¹ ¼i ¼ ÿ¥Å ÊUi õ
۔g†hK‰{$lßħ3l€ j\m ‰ m f j\m f‘ j €‚lg m ƒ$h w /
û ‰${ w —z‘›ƒW‰$UhK j@i
ݧh‰ ‘ m
w t î Ôê
w t î Ôê
w t î Ôê
· t î Êç
· t î Êç
· t î Êç
Ñ è
u Ø
u ÑØ è
fl
ȹ
y è
ȹ
y è
ȹ
y è
Ȭ
y è
Ȭ
y è
Ȭ
y è
u
u
·
w
û
w
û
w — ˜
·6؅—fÙ
Ø û
Ø
·
˜ — ˜
Ø — Ù
—–˜
Ò ‘K‘@hK„ m ‰$‘@h t f}R~$$f mœj l€"î ê Ù*«y
î ' È ê È .êU' ê‘àç
êU' ¼‰êê.êU' ꑼ‰ê
¼' ¼à ê' ¼*Ô
î ' àç§ ê' î ¼
î ' Þމԙ.
êU' ê
ç Ê
êU' ÊõÊ.
êU' êÞ È
ê' È Þ§ ê' î ê
ê' È à ê' î ê
1<hKg†‰}–‰ ‘K‘Kh@„ m ‰ $‘Kh j ~ j hK{¨f} m ƒ$hŒ‘K‰}‘@~$¢‰ m f}lŠl€ m ƒ$h
”!$#¬% vɶyx‡ï
|$gœ‰U‘›ƒ$f}$‹Hgœ‰ m f}l i σ$hŒ~$$‘@hKg m ‰f} m f}h j ‰g\h j\m ‰ m f jOm f‘‰…l$™ñ i
êê
î
LM32
ê
î
4Éa5õ7ZOTZO[<]767ö<ùASUù”[<e
û lk€v‰g m ƒ$hD„$ƒ$l m l j ƒW‰hŸ|hKhK?f{$hK m f™ÒWh@{/f}‰ m ƒUhD‡kf j†j f}$‹H‡Š‰ j†j`m hK‘›ƒ$$f™Ç~$h iŒ¯ € m ƒUh j h
‘@lg†g\h j „…lU{ m l m g\~$h™g†‰{$f}‰ m f®h§h@hK mœj ÿ j l‡Hh§l€ m ƒ$h j h`„$ƒ$l m l jºj ƒUl~$}{k|…h j h@hK¡f m ƒ$h™h@}h@‘Å
m g†l‡k‰‹Uh m f‘A‘‰lg†f‡kh m h@g j t m ƒ$hº}f}‡Hf m hK{7‘@l¸hKg†‰‹h”l € m ƒUh"‘K‰}lg\f}‡Hh m hKg j „Ug†hK‘@}~${Uh j l| j h@g\f}$‹
‰ }Yl € m ƒ$hK‡Šy i þ&f‹~$g\h ÞUi Ê {UhK‡Hl j\m gœ‰ m h jm ƒ$‰ m l€ m ƒ$h ¼¼ û/‘K‰${$f{W‰ m h j ħf m ƒ¨‡Hf j\j f$‹D‡k‰ j†j
j Ç~W‰g†h@{3|h m Ä"hKh@ Å êUi êê‘àŸµ•¶¸· q ‰${ êUi ê‰êÊ È µn¶¸· q ÿWl$¤ñ à „…lf mm lßĉ g†{ m ƒ$h•‰‘ m fh1‰g\h‰
l € m ƒUh™€‚lÆg ĉg\{Šh@}hK‘ m g\l‡Š‰ ‹$h m f}‘§‘‰ }lg\f}‡Hh m h@g j@i 1`€ m ƒUh j h j h@hKphŽhK m†j ÿ m ƒ$g†h@h`‘Kl m ‰f}kl$h
„Uƒ$l m lŠ‘‰ ${$f}{$‰ m h™{$h m hK‘ m hK{p‘
| ñ m ƒ$h™hKhK‘ m g†l‡k‰‹Uh m f‘™‘K‰}lg†f}‡Hh m hKg i þ&f‹~$g\h ÞUi ÔÒ „$}l mœjÍm ƒ$h
{Uf…hKg†h@$‘KhŠf}*
 8:9
|…h m Ĕh@hK m ƒUh¡„$g†h@{$f}‘ m h@{¤{$f}g\hK‘ m f}lˆl€ m ƒ$hk„$ƒ$l m l։${ m ƒ$hŠl| j h@g\h@{
;
{Uf}g†h@‘ m f}lzhKg j ~ jŸm ƒ$h¡{$f®Yh@g†hKU‘Kh¡f=
 <°|h m Ä"hKh@ m ƒ$h¡„$g\hK{$f‘ m h@{։${£l| j h@g\h@{ñ{Uf}g†h@‘ m f}l j@i
¯ ±|…l m ƒˆ{Uf}‡HhK j f}l j7m ƒ$hŠ‰ $‹~$}‰gŒ{$f…hKg\hK$‘@hŠf jŒj ‡Š‰ i þ&f}‹~Ug†h ÞUi Ô Ûø„$l mœj7m ƒ$hkl| j h@g\h@{
„Uƒ$l m lHh@$hKg\‰
‹ ñ f m ƒ$h§¢‰ |)€‚g†‰‡Hhžy¬h@g j ~ j"m ƒ$h§„$g†h@{$f}‘ m hK{HhKUhKg†*‹ ñ iAÒ ‹‰f}y
 ÿ‹ll{)‰‹g\hKhK‡HhK m
t
f j €‚l~$${ i
LM?>
@ýZOeX’õ<eUe$Zù"[ãVÍ[<d9X–ù”[<X’bOõ<e$Zù”[
σ$h"gœ‰{Uf¢‰
m fh¹Ä§f{ m ƒ t ]h Ç~W‰ m f}l ÞUi ¼‰ê y ¯ l| m ‰f}•f j g†l~U‹ƒ$™ñ m ħf‘Kh”‰ j }‰g†‹h”‰ j’m ƒUh”¢‰ g†‹h j\m
m ƒ$hKlg†h m f}‘K‰&„$g\hK{$f‘ m f}l i σ$hŸ„l j†j f}|$f}f m ñ m ƒW‰ m<m ƒ$h j h)„$g†h@{$f}‘ m f}l j ‰g\h m ll j ‡k‰}¬$hKh@{ j7m l
|h7‘Kl j f{$hKg\hK{ i σ$«
h ò ¯ Ï©|W‰‹)‡kl{$h@Y‘‰ }‘K~U¢‰ m f}l ÞLÔ î ß ‰U{ m ƒ$hŒò©Ý-,¯ò㑉 }‘K~U¢‰ m f}l Þ àß €‚lg
 ħf{ m ƒŸ€‚lg m ƒ$h„$g†l‘Kh j†j Ì Ø t * Ø yè ðûp‰ g†h ÊÊç h@©‰${ ÊÞ î§ h@`ÿg\h j „…h@‘ m f®h@™ñ
m ƒ$h„W‰g m f}‰¥
q
A |l m ƒ¡è È ê l€ m ƒ$hhӄhKg†f‡kh@ m ‰g†h j ~$ m l € ÞçÞA2ʑà hŽ ÞKÞß t ~ j f}$‹DoCB±¼ðî ¼‰Ê*Ô$' õ5 î ' Ô
ò¨h@Œy i σU¯
h ò ¯ ÏÉ|W‰‹1‡kl{$hK‰ j ln~$${$h@gÆńUg†hK{Uf}‘ m†j"m ƒ$h¯· ˜ ħf{ m ƒ¡|‘ñŠèAÈ ê Þ õßìi σ$h`‹ll{
‰ ‹g†h@hK‡HhK m |…h m Ĕh@hK m ƒUh•|$‰‹Š‡Hl{UhKx‘K‰}‘@~$¢‰ m f}l j €‚lg m ƒ$h w t î ԑê Èy¹è w ûÉħf{ m ƒ­‰${ m ƒ$h
Ãh ӄ…h@g†f}‡HhK m ‰Ag†h j ~$ m ‡k¦‰ ñ?|hH‘@l j f}{$h@g†hK{z€‚lg m ~$f m l~ j ‘@l j f{$hKg\f}$‹ m ƒUhH‡Hl{$hK j ´Y€v‰f}~$g\h m l
l| m ‰f m ƒ$hpl| j h@g\h@{ w t î ԑê Èyn‡Š‰ j†jKi¤í }h‰ g†™ ñ‰ÿ m ƒ$h@g†hRf jŸj l‡khpf${$f‘‰ m f}l£l € j l‡Hh m ƒUf}$‹
ħg\l$‹)lg‡Hf j\j f}U‹Ÿf} m ƒ$hŒ‡Hl{UhK j@i
 ÿ ¯ ƒW‰hz„Ug†h j hK m h@{ýhŽf{$hKU‘Kh€‚lg m ƒUh?{$hK‘K߉ ñ ·”˜ t î Êç ÈÉ
y è
û w i σ$h
¯ ݑKl$‘K~ j fly
|Ugœ‰$‘›ƒUf}$‹Ÿg†‰ m flŸg†hK}‰ m f®h m l m ƒ$h w —–˜§‘›ƒW‰$UhK–f b
j ê' ꑼ î .
êU' êêç Ø ˜ ˜˜ ÿ$‘Klg†g†h j „l${$f$‹ m lH‰
Ù ˜ ˜˜ ë
„$‰g m f¢‰
 ħf}{ m ƒzl € މÔê7 ¼à*ê Ø * ˜ h@ i σ$f j f j ‰ zÃh ӑKf m f}$‹Rg\h j ~U m |hK‘‰ ~ j h m ƒ$h)g†‰{$f¢‰ m fh
Ù qq˜
{UhK‘¦‰ ñpl € m ƒUG
h ·”˜ t î Êç Èy”ƒW‰ j $hŽhKg|hKhK¨l| j hKgOhK{3|…hŽ€‚lg†h i
θ (degrees)
î
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
θ (degrees)
ù
(A) Predicted γ angular distribution
350
φ (degrees)
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
φ (degrees)
(B) Counts surviving fiducial cut
ÂÃvÄŒÆwv8¶yx™ï
Ag†hK{Uf}‘ m hK{¨„$ƒ$l m lD8:9 ; h@g j ~ j < i t Ò y Ò x‘Kl~$ mœj ħf m ƒ­‡Hf j\j f}U‹
‡Š‰ j\j§j Ç~W‰g\hK{3|h m Ä"hKh@ Å êi êêàDµn¶¸· q`‰U{ êUi êêÊ È µ•¶¸· q i t Ûy6σ$l j h•‘@l~$ mœj
h ÒW{U~$‘Kf}‰–‘K~ m hÃÓU‘@}~${Uf}$‹ m ƒUh•‘@lf} j l€ m ƒ$hŒ‡k‰‹$h m ‰${ m ƒ$hŒƒ$l}h
j ‰ m f j œ€ ñf}U‹)‰H‘@g†~${$k
f} m ƒ$h7€‚l‚g Ĕ‰g†{¨{$fg†hK‘ m fl
Ft E çHG y i σ$h•ƒ$lg\f “ l m ‰x{$‰ j ƒ$h@{­f}$h`f}${$f‘‰ m h jm ƒ$h
‡Šw‰ ÓUf‡D~$‡-‰$‹h<l€¬‘Klžh@gœ‰‹h•l€ m ƒ$h7€‚lÆg ĉ g†{¨hK}h@‘ m g†l‡k‰‹$h m f‘<‘‰lg†f‡kh m h@g jKi
ꑼ
î
∆θ (degrees)
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I∆φ (degrees)
Eγ, measured (GeV)
ù
(A) Measured-predicted γ angular differences
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.1
0.8
KEL ,0.6missing0.7mass (GeV)
γ
(B) Measured EJγ vs. predicted EJγ
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
ÂÂÄÅcwÆ v8¶yx ÷
€ÎŒl{$hKHhŽh@ m†j €‚lg6ħƒUf}‘›ƒ­‰)„Uƒ$l m l­f j f}{$h@ m f™ÒWh@{Rf} m ƒ$h
‘ ‰lg†f‡kh m h@g i t Ò y û ‘K‰ m†m hKg§„$}l m l€ m ƒ$h•‰$‹~U¢‰g{Uf…hKg†h@$‘Kh j fM8:9
‰${N<
;
|h m Ä"hKhK m ƒ$hŒ„$g\hK{$f‘ m h@{­{Uf}g†h@‘ m f}l¨‰${ m ƒ$hŒl| j h@g\hK{/{$fg†h@‘ m fl i t Ûy û ‘‰ m†m h@g§„$}l m
l€ m ƒ$hŒl| j hKgOhK{ û/hKUhKg†‹*ñphKg j ~ jm ƒ$hŒ„$g\hK{$f‘ m hK{›û/hKUhKg†‹*ñ t €‚g†l‡ m ƒUh•‡Hf j\j f$‹
‡Š‰ j\jm hK‘›ƒU$‡f Ç~$hy i
êÊ
î
:
ê‰Ô
4PO4<6Í4<C?I47;
Þ î ß ò™‰ m ƒ$‰ ¯ j ‹~$gº‰${Ό‰|$g†fhKQ•‰ g†¨ÿRfÅFĔ‰žh<ۉ g‚ñl j f} m ƒ$hS,<~W‰g\»ò­l{$hK•ÿTVU$WYXZ\[3]^`_
acb\de[3b\fCgDî çUi îî t î õ‘àç y Ô î ç‘à Å Ô¼‰ê È i
Þ ¼¸ß
.
ix³ ‡kf$l¡‰U{2þ i
kmln]\_ob^`pqU$WYXeZ\[3]rZ Ò
òlñƒ$g\hKgWÿh†ÑA}hK‘ m g\l‡Š‰ ‹$h m f}‘ig<hK‘K‰ßñ
ÈÈ Ô t î õõÊ ydÈ õ‰Ê Å Þ î õUi
j l€ºÑfӑKf m h@{Cjbñ„…h@g†l j t ¯†¯ yÃÿT
b\st^`_v‡u ÿwQŒ‰ljÅò™~U‘K}h@l û ‘‰ m†m h@g†f$‹Œf})‰kÑfÓ m hK${UhK{ í
U$WYXeZ\[3]rZqxb\syszb\p0Z§Û`î Êà t î õç*Ô y Ô îwÈwÅ Ô î çUi
KÞ Ô ß Ñ i¬Ò1i Íh@f m b\s&^`_v‡u ÿ{ û Ũĉhlò­h j l¥Åò~$‘KhKl û ‘‰ m\m hKg\f}$‹3f}£‰ 
ò¨l{$h@¨ÿ|(U}WYXeZ\[3]^`_~acb\de[3b\fCg Ê î t î õç Èy™î êÊ‰Ê Å›î ê*ÔÔ$i
Þ Êß Ñ iÒni ÍhKf m
ÞÈ ß
Î
‡
i ò¨hKf j $hKgWÿV û h‰g\‘›ƒ°€‚lg`ûAg†l{$~$‘ m f}l¤€‚g\l‡
b\ˆnsz€1î ¼ Ò1i î t î õ༠y ޑ¼ Å à‰êUi
i Ü
Þ ÞßDí`ií ‰ j l‰b\sw^`_vu t &‰g m f‘K}hŠg7‰ m ‰kΌg\l~$„yÃÿݧh@f}hÄ
[3]^`_~Ž€‚lYpˆ^`_ 6
í Ê t î õõç y`î i
Þ à¸ß
u
˜
ð
l~${šñŸÛ‰‹«ò­l{$hK•ÿT
û ³ Ê y í l~${šñˆÛ‰‹
t
¯  m h@gœ‰‘ m f}l j
l€t&‰ g m f‘Kh{̓‘ñ j f‘ j
ÿ|!kml€‚d`€"ƒ„[†…
ÿŒ‹ŠlYp0€rnb^`ˆU$WYXZ\…
i Q7lUf}~$­‰${zò iY¯j ‹~$gWÿh†Û‰gÆñl‘g<h@‘‰¦ñ j7¯  Ò ,<~W‰ g†Xò­l{UhK&ÜÝf m ƒ í ƒ$g\l‡kl{šñ‘Å
$‰‡kf‘ j ÿT(U$WYXZ\[3]^`_ahb\de[3b\fCg ¼ î t î õçê y`î çÞç Ŝî ç
ç ÞUi
Ý
l Ng<h@‘‰¦ñ j l€
Þ çß g7‰ g†hWÄdñ‘›ƒyÿ~’~$g\f Õ”Ü i ÿtò­‰g† l(j™lg†|W‰ m†j ‘›ƒyÿ‰ ${Xݧl‡k‰MQ7l$f}~Utÿ“Aƒ$l m ۔‰g‚ñl j ÜÝf m ƒ û m gœ‰U‹hK$h j†j ÿT”U}WYXeZ\[3]^`_~acb\de[3b\fCg ¼çUi È t î õç‰Ê y`îî ¼ Èßśîî ¼ çUi
Q ‰Óf}g†‰ j ÿÑ i ’ i ò­l$f “ ÿ ‰${Xò i û lßñh@~$g]ÿ•jñ„hKg\lX݉{$f}‰ m f®h{g<h@‘‰¦ñ j
Þ õß Ñ i Œ
acb\de[3b\fCg ʑ¼i Ê t î õç Èy Þõ ÈßÅ à‰êêi
Þ î ê ß
i ܈‰g\ j ÿ’Ü i 5€‚hKf}•ÿ’‰${–j i ݧl}$f}éÿc†ÑAhK‘ m g†l‡k‰‹Uh m f‘VAg†l„hKg m fh j l€jbñ„…h@g†l j
f¨‰cݧhK}‰ m ®f f j h@M
{ ,<~W‰g†ò­l{UhK¨ÿ|(U$WYXZ\[3]rZqxb\s—sb\p0Z§Û ¼ È çUi Ê ÿ Ô î õõ î¸y Ô‘Ê îWÅ ÔԑêUi
t
j
ò
Þ îî ß
g
‰ ${’ iH˜ lßÄ"h‰ÿ™g<hK‘K‰¦ñ j l€ m ƒ$h
i ۔~$g\ƒW‰g†{ m u
acb\de[3b\f "í ÔÔ$i ¼ t î õõ î¸y Þê‘à Å Þ î Ô$i
ّðk‰
m l‡
‰ ${ m ƒ$h w î
t
Ôê Èyÿ|)U$WYXZ\[3]^`_
iÒ1i Ü݃$f m hKƒ$l~ j h‰b\s}^`_vu‡ÿ„€Ý™‰ {$f¢‰ m fhmQŒ‰l í ‰„ m ~Ug†h7‰ m Ýh j\m fšjñ{$g\l‹hKZÿT(U$WYXZ\…
[3]^`_ahb\de[3b\f"xwb\s—szb\prZ ÞÊUi î Ê t î õçõ y`î Ê È ¼ śî Ê ÈÈ i
g hßÎ7gœ‰${ZÿÝ i A˜ i ’‰ …h‰ÿQ i ’lƒ$ j lyÿW‰U{N’ i Q7f j f j ÿ“€ò3‰ j†j h j ‰${D1 m ƒUhKgc&‰ gœ‰‡­Å
Ê ß Ï i <
h m h@g j l€ m ƒ$h ˜ f}‹ƒ m ™
j ‰{$g†l j ÿ|”U$WYXeZ\[3]^`_acb\de[3b\fCgDî ¼i à t î õ‘à Èy ¼‰êÞê Å ¼‰ê‘à‰Þi
Þ î ¼ ß
Þî
ÿ|MU$WYXZ\[3]^`_
î
Þ î Ô ß
.
iY³ ‡kf$lk‰${8þ i òlñƒ$g\hKgWÿc†ÑA}h@‘ m g\l‡k‰‹$h m f}‘&g<h@‘‰¦ñ j l€ÍÑfӑKf m hK{›jbñ„…h@g†l j
]\_ob^`pmU$WYXeZ\[3]rZ Ò È ¼‰õ t î õ‰õ î¸y à î Ê Å à¼*ÞUi
Þ îwÈ ß
Þ î Þ ß
i ’i ¨
ò ~$}{$h@g j ÿc‚σ$h,<~W‰g\
Þ î à ß
ÿ †­
ò h‰ j ~$g\hK‡HhK m l€
i í`i ch m h@g j hKNb\sw^`_vu‡
ò¨l‡kh@ m |ÿ ”U$WYXeZ\[3]^`_~acb\de[3b\f!xb\syszb\p0ZÈ à
m ƒ$h û f}‹‡k‰ ê
t î õçÞ y õ‰ÔõUi
Å ˜
ê È
ÿTNkmlY…
‰‡D|{W‰IÏcgœ‰ j f m f}lGò3‰‹$h m f}‘
û m †g ~U‘ m ~Ug†h1`€¬Ïƒ$h ˜ ‰‡D|{W‰ î ԑê ÈyÝh j lW‰ $‘Kh*ÿT ˜–Ò Å
t
³ ÝdÅ ç îWŜî à*Ô ÿ j ~U|$‡kf m†m hK{ m l`Ä"lg\ j ƒ$l„œkml]\_ob^`p&^`ˆžU-^`ps—[3]\_obmU$WYXeZ\[3]rZ&^`s„‹Šˆb\p3Ÿ`[3brZmle
sz€¡ £¢`…¤Sb¥w¦wkib\f§^`ˆ©¨lYsylYp0bmªPZznbr]\s†Zÿ ˜ l jÒ }‰‡kl j ÿWò i ò­h Ó i ÿ~’‰É
 ÈßÅ ç ÿxî õç î i
Î l}{U‡Š‰Zÿò i  i jbñUh j ÿšÝ i Ñ i ò­f j ‘›ƒ$ h‰ÿÏ i 1<‰•‰${Ï i Ü i û ‰ U€‚lg†{Zÿt«jñ„…h@g†l
i 7
l jÒ ¢
‰ ‡Hl j ò™‰ mi˜ ‰| i t Í
Ñ { i yÃÍ-U$WYXeZ\[3]rZD¬š[†s?W”x­^ ‡ ®h¯\[œÿ Ê î õ Šʑ¼‰õUi
Ï
g<h@‘‰¦ñ j |ÿ Šf ˜
 ÿV†Û”l~$U{¥Å Oj m ‰ m h Ò U
„ „$g†l‰ ‘›ƒ
Þ î ç ßní`i Î i”í ‰ }¢‰ ʉU{ ¯›i QŒhK|W‰ $lž´
û ñg\‡kh«ò­l{$hK•ÿT(kml]\_ob^`pPU$WYXeZ\[3]rZÛ ¼*ޑ¼ î õç Èy ÊÞ ÈwÅ Ê瑼i
t
m l û m g†‰$‹h@$h j\j f}
m ƒ$h
Þ î õ ßní`i Î 5
i í ‰}}‰yÿ“Q i jlg†|l j\m hK•ÿ"‰ ${ ›¯ i Q7}h@|W‰$lžtÿi†Û‰gÆñl;ò3‰ j†j h j f m ƒUhR۔l~$${
û m ‰ m h Ò „U„$g†l‰ ‘›ƒ m l û m gœ‰ $‹hKUh j†j f} m $
ƒ h û ‘ñg†‡Hhò¨l{$h@¨ÿ|–U$WYXZ\[3]rZ©xb\syszb\p0ZnÛ ¼‰ê‘¼i ¼
ît õçç y ¼‰Þõ Å ¼à È i
Þ ¼‰ê ß
’
Ý ‰ ‡kl j
ií`i ò™‰‘›ƒ$hKgWÿ$Ñ i 1 j h m ÿj i Ϭlf•ÿ‰${ Òni ™
l m ƒ$h&Íg\l m l­‰ ${3ò~$‘KhKf•ÿTŸ~$‘@¤Å m ƒú õç î ¼‰ê ÈÈ i
ÿ™Aƒ$l
m l„$g†l{$~$‘ m f}lHl € m ƒUh w t î
ԑê Èy
’ i j™h@‡kf$‹‰Ä”‰¦ñÿ¡Ag†l{$~$‘ m f}lËl€ w t î ԑê Èy)f u Ù ð'ݧh‰‘ m f}l j ‰ mÔ$i ¼ ΌhŽŒú ‘*ÿT
kmln]\_ob^`pqU$WYXeZ\[3]rZÛ ¼ È Ê t î õç Èy à*Ô¼ Å à È ¼i
Þ ¼¼ß g i Ü i σ$l‡k‰ j ÿ Òni ÑA$‹}h@g]ÿŠj i Ñ i þ&f j éÿ"‰ ${;Ý i Ü i Q7g†‰hK‡HhKgWÿ& û m g†‰$‹h”¬‰g m f}‘@}h
g\l{$~U‘ m fllþWg†l‡_— Ù ð ¯  m hKg†‰‘ m f}l j ‰ m î i Þõ Î7h@7ú ‘‰ÿ|(kPln]\_ob^`pPU}WYXeZ\[3]rZÛdÈ Þ t î õ‘à*Ê y
A
Þ¼ î ß
Ý
i
îßÈwÅ
Ô È
i
Ï hKg\g‚ñ û i ò­‰ \j m b\s•^`_vu‡ÿ$†ÑA}h@‘ m \g l‡k‰‹$h m f}‘`{$hK‘K‰ßñRl € m ƒ$hG뫘 Ñ t îßÈ
Þ ¼‰Ê ß c
xb\s—sb\p0Z ¼ î i ¼ È t î õÞç y™î à îßÈwśî à î ài
Þ ¼*Ôß Ý‰f‡klU{$l۔h@g m f$f¨ÿ û m g†‰$‹h$¬‰g m f}‘KhÅ~U‘K}h@~ j f} m hKgœ‰ ‘ m fl j
t î õç‘à y ԑõ Å Þ*Ô$i
Þ¼ È ß
¼‰ê Ãy ÿT(U$WYXZ\[3]^`_ahb\de[3b\f
ÿT{kPln]\_ob^`p„U}WYXeZ\[3]rZxÛ ¼à‰õ
’
ixí l¢‰ j b\sh^`_vu‡ÿ û h‰ g†‘›ƒ/€‚lg`Ñ͏hK‘ m g†l‡Š‰‹$h m f}‘ig<hK‘‰¦ñ j l€ºòhK~ m gœ‰tjñ„hKg†l j }f  m ƒ$h
î ¼ î ê ŜîwÈ êê ò­h@ ò3‰ j†j ݉$‹hp‰ ${¤l€™ò™h@~ m g†‰bò­h j lÖf} m ƒ$h?îwÈ ê Å Þê‰ê ò­hŽ ò3‰ j†j
݉$‹h‰ÿ|škmln]\_ob^`pqU$WYXeZ\[3]rZ§Û õ î t î õ‘à Èy ¼ È Ê Å ¼‰Þ È i
Þ ¼‰Þ ßŒÒ ‰‘›ƒ$h@¥Å۔h@g†f}¥Å۔l$¥Åzj`‰‡1|$~$g†‹Åj™h@f}{$h@}|hKg ÅÆò­~$‘›ƒUhK
í l¢‰|lg†‰ m flyÿ kml€‚d`€ ƒ„[†…
‡ b\ˆnsz€ ԑõÒ t î õޑà |y È ê È`¦ g7Ñ û ..ݧhK„lg m މõ úî ê ¦ í ‰‡D|Ug†f}{U‹hÍ۔~$|$|U}h í ƒW‰‡D|hKgÜÎ7g†l~U„yÿ
U$WYXeZ\[3]^`_~acb\de[3b\fñßî È Þ t î õÞà y`î Ô¼‰Þi
Þ ¼àߌÒni ò i ۔ßl ñ‰g j f‰b\s^`_vu‡ÿ¡Aƒ$l m l„$g†l{$~$‘ m f}lËl€ u
g<h@~ m h@†g f~$‡¿‰ m î«
î Î7h@GÿT û ˜–Òí Å ³ ۬Šçê‰ÊUi
Ø Åƒ‘ñ„hKg†l݀‚g\l‡
jñ{$g†l‹hKr‰${
î
g
êÞ
Þ ¼ç ß
i ۉg\|…h@g°b\sD^`_vu‡ÿ‘ û m gœ‰ $‹hKUh j†j Ñfӑ›ƒW‰$‹hñf} m ƒ$h"Aƒ$l m l„$g\l{$~U‘ m flðl€ u Ø
w t îwÈ ¼‰ê y۔h m Ä"hKh@ ¼i ç ‰${ Ô$i ç ΌhŽ`ÿ|N±™u™U$WYXZ\[o²Nƒ$¦tU-^`ps—[3]\_obrZž^`ˆ‰¨“[3b\_v‚Z¡³ t î õ‰ç ê y
î à Å ¼‰êi
Þ ¼‰õ ß
g
i
l |hKg)b\s•^`_vu‡ÿ“Æσ$h•Û”g†h@‡k‡ j\m gœ‰ƒ$~$$‹`Ϭ‰‹‹hK{MAƒ$l m l­Û"h‰‡Gf}”j`‰ }xÛ݉ ”
i ¯›i û m m ƒ$h
’hŽYh@g j l ˜ ‰|lgœ‰ m lg‚ñ‰ÿT&kPln]\_ob^`p“¯ˆZ\sypl ‡ b\ˆns?Z^`ˆm´Cb\s†Wn€µ‚Z ÒIÔԑê ú ¼ t ¼*êêê y ¼‰ÞÊ Å ¼ç‰ÔUi
Ï ‰¦ñ}lg)b\s•^`_vu‡ÿ$‚σUh í˜–Ò û¨û m ‰g m™í l~U m hKgWÿTkf}p„$g\hK„W‰g†‰ m fl i
ÞKÊê ß û i &
ò h jOm ‰¦ñh@gb\s•^`_vu‡ÿ$‚σ$h í˜–Ò û <
g g†f€ mí ƒW‰‡D|hKg û
i ­
ò
ÞKÊ î ß
ñ
jOm hK‡lÿ| j ~$|$‡Hf m†m hK{ m lkò ¯
ÞKʑ¼ß Ñ i û i û ‡kf m ƒb\sm^`_vu‡ÿh‚σ$h m f‡khÃÅl€ÀÅìšWf}‹ƒ m™j ñ Oj m hK‡ã€‚lg í˜’Ò û
^`ˆV´Cb\s†Wn€µ‚Z I
Ò Ô‘Ê‘¼ t î õ‰õõ y ¼‰Þ È i
ò
i
ÿ|›kml]\_ob^`p&¯ˆZ\sypl ‡ b\ˆns?Z
ÞKÊÊ ß
þ lg‚Ä”‰g†{DÑ͏hK‘ m g†l‡Š‰‹h m f‘ í ‰}lg\f}‡Hh m hKg]ÿ| j ~$|$‡Hf m†m hK{
i Ò ‡k‰g\f¢‰šb\sw^`_vu‡ÿ‚σ$h í˜’Ò û W
m lHò ¯ ò i
ÞKʉÔß
g
ÞKÊ
È
ò
ß
ÞKÊÞ ß
ÞKʑàß
ÞKÊç ß
ÞKÊõ ß
ÞLԑê ß
g l~$‹ƒ m ñÿ£’ i ÑA$‹}h@g m ÿ‘Ý i j`‰ }h‰ÿ û iH˜ h@‡klZÿH i`˜ hK~$$‹šÿ í`ií ~$hŽ‰ j ‰${©g i ’lßñ‘@h‰ÿ
ií`i <
Ò m¶ ¯ |$~ j |W‰ j hK{ m g†f}‹‹hKgc€‚lg m ƒ$h í˜–Ò û {$h m hK‘ m lg5‰ mºí ÑÍÛ Ò þUÿT&¯0‹}‹$‹¸·p«^`ˆZµ^Y]\sy[3€‚ˆZ
[†ˆNkmln]\_ob^`p{¹­]\[3b\ˆ]rb Êõ t î õõ‘¼ y ¼Ô îWÅ ¼Ôài
Íl}h@g’Û”}l|…h@~b\s­^`_vu‡ÿ~‚σUh"Û1 ûŒû ñ jOm hK‡ €‚lg m ƒ$h í˜–Ò û g<h m hK‘ m lgWÍg©ñ$‰‡kf‘ò­h@‡klgÆñ
ò­‰W‰‹h@‡kh@ m ÿ|­
î õ‰õ È i
Ñ ixÒ $‘Kf}‰ m ÿÎ iYÒ ~${$f m ÿ|Ï ixÒ ~U‹hKgWÿ í`i ò3‰g†‘›ƒ$‰${z‰${‘ i Όfgœ‰g\{yÿc‚Ϭ‰‹‹h@gqj™f m ݧhÅ
‘@l jOm g†~U‘ m fl û l€ m Ĕ‰g†h•‰U{lϬ‰‹‹hKg í ‰f}|$g†‰ m flš`
1 h@g\f}hįÿT 햘 Ò û ÅòPÁ
1 줄 õõ Å êê‰ÔUi
Ñ iÒ $‘Kf}‰ m ÿkÎ iÒ ~U{$f m ÿIÏ i§Ò ~U‹hKgWÿ û i ۔l~$‘›ƒ$f}‹ñ‰ÿ A
˜ i þ‰g†ƒ$f•ÿ`‰ ${ í`i ò3‰g†‘›ƒ$‰${yÿ
«Í ƒUl m l þ&~¥ÓRòlg†‡k‰}f “ ‰ m f}l)€‚lg 햘 Ò û ÿT 햘 Ò û ÅòPÁ
1 줄 õõ Å êꑼi
’ i g i ’ ‰‘› j lyÿ­kml€‚d`€Dƒ„[ ‡ b\ˆnsz€ Ê‰Ô t î õÞ*Ô y™î މԉÔ$i
ƒ$f}f„»Ý i ۔hŽf}$‹ m lH‰${¡g i 7
A
Q hKf m ƒcÝl|Uf} j lyÿºi^`s3^&acb`l]\s—[3€‚ˆM^`ˆ&‹Šp\p0€‚p•ªmˆ^`_»XZ\[oZ
®:€‚p{s†WnbqU$WYXZ\[3]^`_¹­]\[3b\ˆ]rbrZ ÿUò™hÄ#º. lg†éͬò­‘¦ÎŒg†‰¦Ä6ř
j f}•ÿ ¯ $‘ i ÿ–î õ‰õ‘¼ t ¼ ${ i hK{ i y i
Ý i j i 7
g ‰f mœ“ ‰ ${ û i þ i Ïc~W‰yÿD‚ σUh*A ƒ$hKUl‡kh@$ll‹f}‘K‰kݧhK„$g\h j hK m ‰ m f}lýl€ u Å
ò~$‘KhKl û ‘K‰ m†m hKg†f¨‰${ ÝhK‰‘ m f}l Ò ‡H„$f m ~U{$h j ÿT¡ªmˆnˆ^`_¼Zž€®PU$WYXeZ\[3]r7
Z î ê t î õÞê y Êêà Å
Ê Èî
i
j i `
j ‰‘›‡k‰=b\s•^`_vu‡ÿ~U$WYXeZ\[3]^`_ahb\de[3b\f‘gDî ç t î õ‘àç y ¼ È Ê‘ài
Q l‘›ƒ¨‰${N’ i Ü i ò­l m†“ ÿacb\d‚u´‘€µ½uwU$WYXZµu Ô t î õ È õ y õ‘¼‰êUi
ÞLÔ¼ß j i Ü i 7
g ‰fh j ÿnj i Ò1i ۔h m ƒ$h*ÿ‰${ ͘ iWí`i ò3‰Óf}‡Hlyÿ~U$WYXeZ\[3]^`_~acb\de[3b\f ‰õ Ê
ÞLÔ‘Ê ß j i 7
ÞLÔ î ß
Ý
i
t
î
õ È Ô y à ççUi
î
¾
À
σUh)۔g†h@‡
‡k‰ m hKg†f}‰¨ÿ
h@$hKg\‹‰ñ›¸
Ù£Å
¼
Ùê
0?0ˆ47C?E?J\¿
6A4qÁ
¾
;5;c2A6A.D,?>=?CœÂ
j\j\m g†‰ƒ$~$$‹p‘Kg\l j†jŒj hK‘ m f}l?{UhK„hK${ j l m ƒ$h)‰ m l‡kf‘1~$‡D|hKg&à l€ m ƒ$hŸgœ‰{Uf¢‰ m lg
m ƒ$h<h@$hKg\‹‰ñ¡êkl€ m ƒUh`„$ƒ$l m lp‰ ${ m ƒUh<gœ‰ m f}liĔl€ m ƒ$h<۔g\hK‡ j†jOm gœ‰ ƒ$}~$U‹DhKhK‘ m g†lY´ j
m l m ƒ$hŒf}$‘@f}{$h@ m h@}h@‘ m g\l¨|…hK‰‡¿hKUhKg†‹*ñ›¸ ‰‘@‘Klg\{$f}$‹ m l m ƒ$h7€‚lg†‡1~$¢‰ ÞLÔ¼ß
˜
Ô Ã™q0ÆÇq
ê
½
ë t?É y
¾
q
t\t îA¹*Ä y tµÈ
Ô
} t Ã<y
¾£Ú t Ã<y\y–¾
Ê
¼ Ä q t?É
Ê tÊÈ Ô
ħƒUhKg†hVÆq
ƒ$‰ j
ê‘à
¼ t ¶ q Ø ä”Ë qŽyOqŒ‰${±Ú t Ã<y™f j ‰= í l~$l‡D|/‘@lg†g\hK‘
Ç
|…h@hK­hK‡H„$f}g\f}‘‰ }™ñ){Uh m h@g†‡Hf}$h@{ m l)|…h ÞLԑÊß
Ú t<
à yÍèÍÌ q t\t =Ìy
Ù
ë
ê' ¼‰ê¼‰êÞ
¹
¾ ê ' êʉÞõ
Ì
q ¹ U
ê ' ê‰êçÊ
Ì
m f}l
y
¾
} t Ã<y
¾±Ú t `
à y†y†y«Á t Ò1i î¸y
Ê
ħƒ$l
¾ ê ' êê¼
j hŸ{$hK„hK${UhK$‘@hklCÃ
̽ΫyŽÁh̟¼Ã
Ø î ʑà' Ò1i ¼ y
t
σUh
m h@g†‡ j
„$‰gœ‰‡Hh m hKg
ë ?t É yº‰ ${
yº‰ g†h j ‘Kg†h@hK$f$‹1€‚~$U‘ m fl j”m ƒW‰ m {$hK„hKU{¨l m ƒ$h™{$f}‡HhK j f}l$}h j†j
q t?É
ÉÈ {$hÒW$h@{3|‘È ñ
î êê
qÏê
É ¼ ¸ ä ¸)ÇÃ Ë ëyÐ * '
t Ò1i Ê y
˜
þWlg m ƒ$hŒ‘‰ j hnl €A‰)‹l}{pg†‰{$f}‰ m lg t é¼ à‰õ y ÿ É g†‰$‹h j |h m Ä"hKh@ êUi êê î ¼ €‚lg™êk¼ êU' ¼ ¸ ˜ ‰${
êi êõ €‚lgꊼ ê' õ È*¸ ˜ i û f$‘Kh ÉE{E ‰î ÿ m ƒ$h7€‚lg\‡D~$}‰1€‚lg m ƒ$hŒ‘@g†l j\j™j hK‘ m f}l j f}‡H„$}f¤ÒWh j”m l
Ù½Å
è
Ùê
ħf m
Ô Ã™qrÆÇq
ƒ m ƒUhn‰ „$„$g†l¦Óf}‡k‰ m hDî Ø
ê
½
q
†t t î"¹"Ä ¾
¼Ä
Ê
y t }  t î çÊ
¸6ºD|hKƒ$‰žflg§‰}~${$h@{
à ٠yë Ð * y&¾°Ú t Ã`y†yx¹ Ä
m l)f} j h@‘ m fl ¼ i ¼i ¼i
õ
yŽÁ
t Ò1i Ô y
î êç
¾
Ó
Ñ
4`2&.DJ>;ÈFOÝ2A,/4
0?0ˆ47C?E?J\¿
À
ÒRIJC¡2AJ>>@.n25FH6
Ô ö<aÖÕ7ô X–VÍbOZO÷<TWV&SWZù”[Ø×ÔV$6
£
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âDãHäåeæçHè½éê“ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âDãHäåeæçHè½éê`ڊë ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùúYç`ù£éŒê“ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùúYç`ù£éŒê`ڕë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùøRë ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùøµÚŠëDì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùî“ë ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùî`ڊëDì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMùç ÝYíñ`ánö“ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-âMðí÷ÝßçÛô ö½÷Œö‚á•ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
åeßà‚á-â›Ý`àý£õìŒþŒçÛônöH÷Œö‚á•ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒè úÛڊë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒè ø­ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
6A47IFHC?;¬256Í=?I§25JKFHC
MON
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâî£î
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâî£î
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøeó
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøeó
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøû
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøû
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø:ü
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâú
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâú
î
eå ßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒèøÊڊë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒè î„ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒè îÛڊë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ÿŒè çHèŒú“ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âœö`ßYßàÛì çŒï½àÛìŒñ½ß½ò•ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âœö`ßYßàÛì çÛڕë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âDþŒàï‚ßö£ç`ùŠë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâDü
åeßà‚á-âMþný`î Ý£ýwë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœîHü$ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ßçH÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âšô öHþYþ ïHà£îÛônöHþ£þ ïHà“ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âšô öÛìnàŒïHîÛô ö`ì àŒï™ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœîHü$ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âDþŒàï‚ßö£ç`ù£ÚŠë
ì~íeßà‚áÝt
â åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ßçH÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âšô öHþYþ ïHà£îÛônöHþ£þ ïHà“ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
åeßà‚á-âšô öÛìnàŒïHîÛô ö`ì àŒï™ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœîHü$ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ô à½þŒàÝßöïYÝwë ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ô à½þHڊë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â”ô£ÚïYÝ`àH÷$ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâ*ø
åeßà‚á-âšìõÛ÷HánöŒïŒí½ÝHö`ߐíHõì•ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâ*ø­ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-â‘Ýß ö`߽ڐÝwë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âCí:ìŒß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ßYÞHô à$âCí:ìŒß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-âMߐí:ánà£ç öï }ë ì~íeßà‚áÝtâ*ø
åeßà‚á-âM÷ŒàHðç£öHþnýwë ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâ*ø­ë
ßYÞHô à$âDð ïYõHö`ß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-
â à½ð£ð$ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø
Yï õHö`ß}ë
ì Hö ÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì Hö ÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâYî
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì Hö ÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâzó
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ Yî
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâzó
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ½ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ ½ü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâî£û
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâî£û
ïYõHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøî
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâøî
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâø
êõ
îî
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
ÙÛڣܐ݂ށÝßà‚á-
â à½ð£ðHڊë
åeßà‚á-â+ïHàHð£ß}ë
åeßà‚á-âM÷íñ½òYß}ë
Ó
Mó
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ì~íeßà‚áÝtâœî
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
ïHàÛìŒñ½ß£òâœî½ó£ó“ë
Ô ö<aÖÕ7ô ÷<VÍ[
£
σ$h&gqg ˜ {$hWÒWUf m flpl€
m ƒ$h û í
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâü
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâü
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ßYÞHô $à âDð Yï õHö`ß}ë
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ
ì öH÷£÷Œö½ÞŠâ |W‰$¡f j
£ è£ã½ ìnö‚án࣠è£ãY ßYÞHô à
êõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
š
ùYè Ù½ê
~ ø
ý‚÷Œà£öHßàY ÷íeßàþí£ÝeôïHöHÞÍþŒàïHà`ßà
N
šÙýYíeìYߐíHï£ï½ö`ߐíHõì ý½õÚ£ìYß àH÷ à
àÛìYßÜ öÛì
è½ù£ùY÷íeÜ£ÚYßà݄â
3ê#è½ù£ù` ì ö‚ánàHäYùä~í:ì
ü
î
ø
û
eå é
ù£éŒê
è½éŒê
ù£éŒê &
è½éŒê&
ä ö!
å
å
ú
å
ú
ø
å
ú
å
ú
&ŒöHߐíHõìÝ„â
3ê&Hìnö‚ánà &£ßYÞHô
šê
õeá£ánàÛìŒßÝ
üYó"‰ß£ò àö½þ£þ£÷ŒàÝYÝõ`ð§ß½ònàò~íß#þŒàHßàýßnõ`÷¸àïHà‚ánàÛìŒß
Yû£û#‰ßŒþný#íeìŒð õÛ÷`áö`ߐíHõì"$\ýeò öÛì£ìnàŒïYÝ%
Yû£û#”ö½þný#íeìŒð õÛ÷`áö`ߐíHõì"$\ýeò öÛì£ìnàŒïYÝ%
Yû£û #‰ßŒþný#íeìŒð õÛ÷`áö`ߐíHõ"
ì $\ýeò öÛì£ìnàŒïYÝ %
Yû£û #”ö½þný#íeìŒð õÛ÷`áö`ߐíHõ"
ì $\ýeò öÛì£ìnàŒïYÝ %
àåã½ù£Ü öÛì
$«ê '%
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
Yã½é#ùYè
σUh•‘@lg†g\h
j „…lU{$f}$‹ í
{W‰ m ‰ j\m g†~$‘ m ~$g\hnf j
ßYÞHô àHþàHð Ý ßY÷Hڐý‚ß)(
Ú~í:ìYßø íþ+*
Ú~í:ìYßø °ßYþý½ï/*
Ú~í:ìYßø öHþý½/ï *
Ú~í:ìYßø °ßYþý‚1÷ *
Ú~í:ìYßø öHþý‚1÷ *
2 Ý£ý`çH+
ß *
,-
,, , , -
ß½ò #
à öHþ£þY÷ŒàÝ£ÝÍõÛð§ß½ò à°ò~íe߸þŒà`ß àýßnõÛ÷ àŒï½à‚ánàÛìYß.-,
ßYþnýÍí:ìŒð õÛ÷Hánö`ߐíHõ‚ì"$ýeò öÛìYì àŒïYÝ%0-,
öHþnýÍí:ìŒð õÛ÷Hánö`ߐíHõ‚"
ì $ýeò öÛìYì àŒïYÝ%0-,
ßYþnýÍí:ìŒð õÛ÷Hánö`ߐíHõ‚"
ì $ýeò öÛìYì àŒïYÝ %0-,
öHþnýÍí:ìŒð õÛ÷Hánö`ߐíHõ‚"
ì $ýeò öÛìYì àŒïYÝ %0-,
ê
îîî
ßYÞHô àHþàHð Ý ßY÷Hڐý‚ß)(
Ü öÛì3 à£öHþŒàH÷ç`ßÍÜ öÛì4*
Ý£ý`ç`ß Ý£6ý 58ø 71*
2 ý½ïHö Ý`Ù½êYç`4
ß *
Ó 3M 2
Ô ö<aÖÕ7ôÉNð÷<VÍ[
£
σ$h&gqg ˜ {$hWÒWUf m flpl€ m ƒ$h
û í î•|W‰Upf j
£ è£ã½ ìnö‚án࣠è£ãY ßYÞHô à
êõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
š
ùYè Ù½êø
ýÛ÷Œà£ö`ßà9Y ÷íßàþí½Ýeôï½öHÞÍþŒàŒïHà`ß à
N
šÙýYíeìYߐíHï£ï½ö`ߐíHõì ý½õÚ£ìYß àH÷ò~íe߁Ý!Ü öÛì
è½ù£ùY÷íeÜ£ÚYßà݄â
3ê#è½ù£ù` ì ö‚ánàHäYùä~í:ì
î
ü
ø
û
eå é
ߐíµánà£çï
àÛì àH÷£ñYތçŒï
ߐíµánà£ç½÷
àÛì àH÷£ñYތçH÷
þ½ßíµánàYçŒï
þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£ÞŒçŒï
þ½ßíµánàYçH÷
þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£ÞŒçH÷
ó
å
&ŒöHߐíHõìÝ„â
3ê&Hìnö‚ánà &£ßYÞHô
ä ö!:(êõeáYánàÛìY߁Ý
ø
üYó"¡ß½ò àÍöHþYþ£÷ŒàÝ£Ý#õÛð§ß½ò à ò~íeßÍþŒà`ß àýßnõÛ÷ àŒï½à‚ánàÛìYß
ú øú£ú£úYú£ú"¡ßíµáà§ðnõÛ÷ ï½àHð½ßô öHþ£þ ï½à6$zìÝ%
ú £û£û "šàÛì à½÷£ñ£ÞÖí:ì ïHàHð½ßô öHþ£þnïHà6$zä à;<%
ú £û£û "¡ßíµáà§ðnõÛ÷÷íñHòYßô öHþ£þnïH6à $zìÝ%
ú £û£û "šàÛì à½÷£ñ£ÞÖí:ì¸÷íñHòYß#ô ö½þ£þ ïH6à $ä à ;<%
ú £û£û "Ú£ìýHàH÷½ßö íeìYßYÞ í:ì#ߐíµánàð õ`÷ ïHà½ð½ß§ônöHþ£þ ïHà=$zìÝ%
ú £û£û "šàÛì à½÷£ñ£ÞÚ£ìý`à½÷½ßö í:ìŒßYÞ ð õÛ÷ ïHàHð£ß§ô ö½þ£þ ïHà6$ä à;<%
ú £û£û "Ú£ìýHàH÷½ßö íeìYßYÞ í:ì#ߐíµánàð õ`÷÷í‚ñHòYßô öHþ£þ ï½6à $zìÝ %
ú £û£û "šàÛì à½÷£ñ£ÞÚ£ìý`à½÷½ßö í:ìŒßYÞ ð õÛ÷#÷íñ½òYߧônöHþ£þ ïH=à $zä à ;<%
àåã½ù£Ü öÛì
$«ê '%
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
Yã½é#ùYè
σ$hŒ‘@lg†g\h
j „l${Uf}$‹ í
ßYÞHô Hà þàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚ß)(
í:ìYßÖíþ1*
ð ï£õ½ö`ßÍߐíµánà£çï/*
ð ï£õ½ö`ß àÛì àH÷£ñYތçŒï/*
ð ï£õ½ö`ßÍߐíµánà£ç½÷1*
{W‰ m ‰ j\m g†~$‘ m ~$g\hnf j
,, , , -
ß½ò à#öHþ£þ£÷Œà Ý£Ý#õÛð§ß£ò àòíeß#þà`ßàý߁õÛ÷ àŒïHà‚ánà`ìYß>-,
ß íµánà§ð õÛ÷ ïHàHð½ß#ô ö½þ£þ ïHà6$ìÝ% -,
àÛì àH÷£ñYÞ íeìïHà½ð½ß§ônöHþ£þ ïHà=$zä à;<%0-,
ߐíµánà§ð õÛ÷#÷íñHòŒßônöHþ£þ ïHà=$zìÝ%0-,
îî?
ð ï£õ½ö`ß àÛì àH÷£ñYތçH÷1*
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þ½ßíµánàYçŒï/*
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£ÞŒçŒï/*
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þ½ßíµánàYçH1÷ *
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£ÞŒçH1÷ *
2 Ý£ýø‚ç`ß+*
ßYÞHô àHþàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚)
ß (
Ü öÛì 3à£öHþàH÷Œç`ßÍÜ ö`ì +*
Ý£ýø‚ç`ßÖÝ£ýAø 58ø 71*
2 ý½ïHö Ý`Ù½êøçH+
ß *
Ó ?M >
Ûà ì àH÷£ñYÞ
Ú£ìý`àH÷£ßö
Ú£ìý`àH÷£ßö
Ú£ìý`àH÷£ßö
Ú£ìý`àH÷£ßö
,, , , , -
Ô ö<aÖÕ7ô*4 ÷<VÍ[
£
σ$h&gqg ˜ {$hWÒWUf m flpl€ m ƒ$h
û í
Ý
eí ìÍ÷í‚ñHòYßô öHþ£þ ï½à6$zä à;@%0-,
í:ìYßŒÞ í:ì#ß~íµánà§ð õÛ÷ ïHàHð½ß#ô öHþYþ ïHà6$zì~Ý%0-,
í:ìYßŒÞ í:ì à`ì àH÷£ñ£ÞÖí:ì ïHàHð£ß§ô ö½þ£þ ïHà6$ä à;<%0-,
í:ìYßŒÞ í:ì#ß~íµánà§ð õÛ÷#÷íñHòYß#ô ö½þ£þ ïHà6$ìÝ%0-,
í:ìYßŒÞ í:ì à`ì àH÷£ñ£ÞÖí:ì¸÷íñ½òYߧônöHþ£þ ïHà=$zä à;<%0-,
|$‰$pf j
£ è£ã½ ìnö‚án࣠è£ãY ßYÞHô à
êõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
š
ùYè Ù½ê&
ýÛ÷Œà£ö`ßà9Y ÷íßàþí½Ýeôï½öHÞÍþŒàŒïHà`ß à
N
šÙý ÙýYí:ìŒßíHï£ïHöHßnõÛ÷¸÷Œàý£õìÝßY÷½ÚýߐíHõ‚ì ò~íeßÜ öÛì
è½ù£ùY÷íeÜ£ÚYßà݄â
î
ø
ü
3ê#è½ù£ù`ì ö‚ánàHäYùä~í:ì
í þ
àÛì àH÷Yñ£Þ
ß íµánà
!
û
Þ
ó
G
þ!
£þ Þ
øú
£ø ø
øî
þG
Ýßö`ߣڐÝ
þŒàÛì à½÷£ñ£Þ
þ½ßíµáà
å
ä ö!
ú
ú
ú
E1B
E1B
E1B
E1B
E1B
E1B
å &ŒöHߐíHõìÝ„â
3ê&Hìnö‚ánà &£ßYÞHô
ú
ú
üYó
øú£úYú£ú£ú1Bú
øú£úYú£ú£ú1Bú
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
¡ô öHþ£þnïHàíþ
½ì àH÷Yñ£ÞD$zä à ;<%
C
‰ßíµánà=z$ ìÝ%
1B#F! ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
1B#(
Þ ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
1B#FG ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
1B#F!ÍàH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
1B#(
ÞÍàH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
1B#FÍ
G àH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
NÝßö`ߣڐÝHnõÛ÷£þÍþŒàHðí:ì àHþÖí:ì Ý£ý6Byò
øú£úYú£ú£ú1B ú
Ú£ìý`à½÷½ßö í:ìŒßYÞ í:ìE½ ì àH÷£ñYÞI$ä à;<%
¡
øú£úYú£ú£ú1B ú
Ú£ìý`à½÷½ßö í:ìŒßYÞ í:ì#ߐíµánàJz$ ìÝ%
¡
Yã½é#ùYè
àåã½ù£Ü öÛì
$«ê '%
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
îî8K
σ$hŒ‘@lg†g\h
j „l${Uf}$‹ í
{W‰ m ‰ j\m g†~$‘ m ~$g\hnf j
ßYÞHô Hà þàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚ß)(
í:ìYßÖíþ1*
,- ô öHþ£þnïHàíþ
-,
ð ï£õ½ö`ß àÛì àH÷£ñYÞ1*
,- £ì àH÷£ñ£ÞI$zä à;<% -,
ð ï£õ½ö`ßÍߐíµánà=*
,- ߐíµánà=$zìÝ%E-,
àý‚ßnõÛ÷ YçHßÍôõYL
Ý *
,- ôõYÝYíeß~íHõì í:ìÖÝ`àýßnõ`÷ý£õ£õÛþí:ìnö`ßà݂Þn݂ßà‚á
àý‚ßnõÛ÷ YçHßàH÷£1
÷ *
,- àH÷£÷ õÛ÷ í:ìÖÝ`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛþíeì ö`ßà݂ށÝßà‚á
-,
í:ìYß ÝßöH߽ڐÝL*
,- Ýßö`ߣڐÝHnõÛ÷£þ#þŒàHðíeì àHþÖí:ìÖÝ£ý6Byò>-,
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£Þ1*
,- Ú£ìý`àH÷£ßö í:ìYßŒÞ í:ìE£ì àH÷£ñ£ÞD$zänà;<% -,
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þ½ßíµánàM*
,- Ú£ìýHàH÷½ßö íeìYßYÞ í:ì#ߐíµánàJ$zì~Ý% -,
2 Ý£ý‚÷ç`+
ß *
ßYÞHô àHþàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚)
ß (
Ü öÛì 3à£öHþàH÷Œç`ßÍÜ ö`ì+*
Ý£ý‚÷ç`ßÖÝ£ý‚4÷ 58ø 71*
2 ý½ïHö Ý`Ù½ê &çH+
ß *
Ó
MN
Ô ö<aÖÕ7ô*4Ëô ÷<VÍ[
£
Oƒ$h&gqg ˜ {$hWÒWUf m flpl€ m ƒ$h
û í
Ý
í
-,
|W‰$Šf j
¡ùíµáàŒ
õÛð½ ð ïŒíñHòŒßêïڐ݂ßàH÷DF$ ðí:ìnöŒï ÷ŒàÝeځïÛß<!
% Ü öÛìPB
£ è£ã½ ìnö‚án࣠è£ãY ßYÞHô à
êõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
š
ùYè Ù½êŒ& ê
ý‚÷Œà£ö`ß à9Œ
œ
÷íeßà§þí½ÝeôïHöHÞÍþŒàŒïHàHßà
Ùý ÙýYí:ìYß~íHï£ïHö`߁õÛ÷¸÷Œàý½õ‚ìÝßY÷HÚ~ýߐíHõì ò~íeßÜ öÛì
î
ü
3ê#è½ù£ù` ì ö‚ánàHäYùä~í:ì
ø
í þ
àÛì àH÷Yñ£Þ
Œþ àÛì à½÷£ñ£Þ
ߐíµánà
þ½ßíµáà
û
!
Þ
ó
è½ù£ùY÷íeÜ£ÚYßà݄â
G
øú
£ø ø
øî
þ!
£þ Þ
þG
Ýßö`ߣڐÝ
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
üYó#Ný½ïڐ݂ßàH÷Öíþ
ú øú£úYú£ú£ú1B:
ú Ný½ïڐ݂ßàHE
÷ ½ì àH÷Yñ£ÞD$zä à;<%
ú øú£úYú£ú£ú1B:
ú ”àH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì ý½ï‚ڐÝßàH÷ àÛìnàH÷£ñ£ÞD$zìÝ%
ú øú£úYú£ú£1ú B:
ú Ný½ïڐ݂ßàHD
÷ $àÛì à½÷£ñ£Þ à íñHòYß àHþ'% ß~íµánà6$zì~Ý%
ú øú£úYú£ú£1ú B:
ú ”àH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì ý½ï‚ڐÝßàH÷#ߐí:ánàQ$ìÝ%
E1B
1B#F! ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
E1B
1B#(Þ ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
E1B
1B#FG ôõYÝYíߐíHõì í:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
E1B
1B#F!ÍàH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
E1B
1B#(ÞÍàH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
E1B
1B#FGÍàH÷£÷ õ`÷ íeì Ý`à ýßnõÛ÷ ý½õ£õ`÷£þí:ì öHßà ݂ÞnÝßàÛá
å NÝß ö`߽ڐR
Ý nõÛ÷£þÍþŒà½ðí:ì àHþÖí:ìÖÝ£6ý B3ò
å
ú
ä ö!
îî
&ŒöHߐíHõìÝ„â
3ê&Hìnö‚ánà &£ßYÞHô
àåã½ù£Ü öÛì
$«ê '%
šêõeá£áàÛìY߁Ý
Yã½é#ùYè
Oƒ$hŒ‘@lg†g\h j „l${Uf}$‹ í W
{ ‰ m ‰ j\m g†~$‘ m ~$g\hnf j
ßYÞHô Hà þàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚ß)(
í:ìYßÖíþ1*
,- ý½ïڐ݂ßàH÷Öíþ
-,
ð ï£õ½ö`ß àÛì àH÷£ñYÞ1*
,- ý£ïڐÝßà½÷£ì àH÷£ñ£ÞD$zänà;<% -,
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þŒàÛì àH÷Yñ£Þ1*
,- àH÷£÷ õÛ÷ í:ìÖý½ïڐ݂ßàH÷ àÛì àH÷Yñ£ÞD$zìÝ%E-,
ð ï£õ½ö`ßÍߐíµánà=*
,- ý½ïڐ݂ßàH÷D$àÛì à½÷£ñ£Þ à íñHòYß àHþ'% ß~íµánà6$zì~Ý%
-,
ð ï£õ½ö`߸þ½ßíµánàM*
,- àH÷£÷nõÛ÷Öí:ì ý£ïڐÝßà½÷ß~íµánàS$zìÝ%E-,
àý‚ßnõÛ÷ YçHßÍôõYL
Ý *
,- ôõYÝYíeß~íHõì í:ìÖÝ`àýßnõ`÷ý£õ£õÛ÷£þíeì ö`ßà݂ށÝßà‚á
-,
àý‚ßnõÛ÷ YçHßàH÷£1
÷ *
,- (!$ëÞ$ëTG 2 àH÷£÷ õÛ÷Öí:ì Ý`àý߁õÛ÷ ý½õ£õÛ÷£þí:ì ö`ßàÝÛÞnÝßà‚á
í:ìYß ÝßöH߽ڐÝL*
,- Ýßö`ߣڐÝHnõÛ÷£þ#þŒàHðíeì àHþÖí:ìÖÝ£ý6Byò>-,
2 Ý£ý‚÷ý`ç`+
ß *
ßYÞHô àHþàHð ÝßY÷Hڐý‚)
ß (
Ü öÛì 3à£öHþàH÷Œç`ßÍÜ ö`ì+*
Ý£ý‚÷ý`ç`ßÖÝ£ý‚÷n=ý 5Uø 71*
2 ý½ïHö Ý`Ù½ê &ŒêŒç`+
ß *
-,
Ô