The PILPS-C1 experiment
• Results of the first phase of the project
• Complementary simulation to be done
• Proposition for the future
Summary of the first phase of the project
Comparison of both « biophysical » and « biogeochemical » flux from
Different types of models with observations at one EUROFLUX site:
Loobos
The site:
-Temperate « mature(100 years) » coniferous forest
-Climate: 700 mm precipitation , 9.8 °C mean temperature
- Planted on a sand  no soil carbon at the beginning of the plantation
- Measured fluxes: NEE, LE,H, Rn
- Meteorological parameters: incoming SW rad., precipitation,
temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, pressure
-Period covered: 1997-1998
Models:
Including SVAT with and without carbon cycle
Proposed simulations:
Free equilibrium simulations:
-Models are run until equilibrium of state variables using years 1997-1998
« in loop »
Free 100 years run:
-simulation of « realistic scenario »: Beginning with a soil with no
Carbon, the models are run for 1906 (plantation of the forest) to 1998
Using observed climate.
Constrained equilibrium simulations:
Same as free equilibrium but with calibrations of parameters
(simulation delayed…)
The participants of the project
Participants List
N° Model
contact
Organization
1
SWAP
Yeugeniy Gusev
Olga Nasonova
Laboratory of Soil Water Physics,Institute of
Water Problems
Russian academy of Sciences
Moscow, Russia
2
VISA
Zong-Liang
Yang/Guo-yue Niu
The Department of Geological Sciences,
The University of Texas at Austin,
Austin, TX 78712 ,USA
3
CLASS-MCM/CLASSUA/CLASS-MSC
Diana Verseghy
Canadian Meteorological Service
4
IBIS
Mustapha El Maayar
Center for Sustainability and the Global
Environment ,Gaylord Nelson Institute for
Environmental Studies
University of Wisconsin-Madison
5
ISBA/ISBA-Ags
Jean Chrisophe
Calvet/Christophe
Rivalland
Centre National de la Recheche
Météorologique, Toulouse France
6
SPONSOR
Andray Shmakin
Laboratory of Climatology Russia
7
SWAPS-C
Herbert ter Maat
Alterra Green world project
8
AVIM
Jinjun Ji/Mei Huang
Institute of Geographical Science and Natural
Resource Research/ Institute of Atmospheric
Physics
9
MC1/BIOMAP
Dominique Bachelet
Dept of Bioresource Engineering Oregon state
university
10 CSIRO-EK
Eva Kowalczyk
CSIRO Atmospheric Research
Aspendale, Australia
11 CSIRO-GA
Gabriel Abramowitz
Department of Physical Geography,
Macquarie University, North Ryde
NSW 2109 Australia
Nicolas Viovy
IPSL/LSCE, Paris, France
12
ORCHIDEE
PILPSC1 workshop
The workshop was held from May 6-7 2003 at CNRS center in Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Support for the workshop was provided by CNRS/INSU.
The participants of the workshop where:
Jean Christophe Calvet (CNRM, France), Yeugeniy Gusev (Institute of Water Problems,
Russia), Mustapha El Mayaar (Univ. Wisconsin,USA) Eddy Moors (Alterra, Netherlands),
Olga Nasanova (Institute of Water Problems, Russia), Jan Polcher (LMD, France), Vincent
Rivalland (CNRM, France), Andrey Shmakin (Institute of Geography, Russia), Diana
Verseghy (CCS, Canada), Nicolas Viovy (LSCE,France)
Main results
« free equilibrium simulation »
Analysis on diurnal cycle, daily and monthly average
For each models:
• Plots of mean diurnal cycles over 10 days
• Plots of mean seasonal diurnal cycles
• Plots of daily and monthly means
• Plots of monthly model v.s data
Global statistics:
• intercept v.s. Slope
• RMSE sys v.s. non systematic:
• The RMSE systematic indicate « bias » in the model
• The RMSE non-systematic is the residue of the RMSE
• Index of agreement: Global measurement of agreement between
• model an observation.
Slope/intercept and RMSE unsys/sys
For the different models
(3 hourly fluxes)
Index of agreement for all models
« 100 years simulation »
Same as for F-E run plus:
• Comparison of sinks simulated and observed for 1997 and 1998
• Trajectories of several parameters for the 93 years of the run:
- NEE
- GPP
- NPP
- Total soil carbon
- Total living biomass
- biomass increment
Modeled and simulated carbon net sink
In 1997 and 1998
Annual NEE (Kg C m-2 y-1)
CLASS-MCM
ORCHIDEE-1
SWAP
MC
CLASS-UA
ORCHIDEE-2
IBIS
AVIM
Annual GPP (Kg C m-2 y-1)
CLASS-MCM
ORCHIDEE-1
IBIS
CLASS-UA
ORCHIDEE-2
2 kind of behaviors:
IBIS of ORCHIDEE-1 that reach rapidly the NPP (beginning with High sink)
CLASS or SWAP with progressive increase of NPP (with increasing sink)
MC or ORCHIDEE-2 is between the two.
Total living biomass (Kg C/m-2)
CLASS-MCM
ORCHIDEE-1
SWAP
IBIS
AVIM
CLASS-UA
ORCHIDEE-2
VISA
MC
Total Soil carbon (Kg C/m-2)
CLASS-MCM
ORCHIDEE-1
SWAP
IBIS
AVIM
CLASS-UA
ORCHIDEE-2
VISA
MC
Completion of the first phase
(end of 2003...)
New model outputs will be added
e.g: LAI, separation between below and above
Biomass, height of trees.....
Calibrated simulations with:
LAI (trees, understorey(seasonal cycle)
•Maximun unstressed assimilation
•Root zone depth
•Water table depth
•Height of trees (height of « first branches »)
•Litter layer
•Soil carbon (to check if we can informations about partition between pools)
•Soil water content
•Soil temperature
Some new analysis
Separation between night/day cloudy/clear warm/cold
Estimation of WUE
Ratio NEE/total respiration.
Main preliminary conclusion
Taking into account that models was not calibrated
The models reproduce relatively well the observations
Sensible heat flux is overestimated at night
High net CO2 and latent heat fluxes are
underestimated
The 100 years simulation was very interesting
Since if all models give relatively similar NEE
And are all able to reproduce the difference of
Sink between 1997 and 1998, trajectories of
Models carbon fluxes and pools are very different !
For more details on results go to:
http://www.pilpsc1.cnrs-gif.fr