THE ROLE OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES TODAY
• The existence of humanity on
planet Earth, and the formation of
society and the state flood related
information and are caused by
information. Small wonder that in
the beginning was the word of the
Bible: "In the beginning God
created the heaven and the earth.
The earth was barren and empty,
darkness was over the deep; and
the Spirit of God was hovering over
the waters. And God said: Let there
be light. And there was light. And
God saw that the light was good;
and God divided the light from the
darkness. And God called the light
Day, and the darkness of night.
And there was evening and there
was morning, one day."
• Information in the history of
civilization has always played a
decisive role and serves as the
basis for decision-making at all
levels and stages of
development of society and
the state. In the history of social
development there are several
information revolutions
associated with dramatic
changes in the production,
processing and circulation of
information, which led to a
radical transformation of social
relations. As a result of these
transformations Company
acquired in a certain sense a
new quality.
• First information revolution
associated with the
invention of writing, which
led to the huge
qualitative and
quantitative leap in the
development of the
information society. Now
you can capture
knowledge in a tangible
medium, thereby more
accurately transmit them
from generation to
generation.
• The second information
revolution (mid XVI
century) caused by the
invention of printing.
Opportunity replication
and dissemination of
information, increased
availability of people to
knowledge. This
revolution has radically
changed society has
created more
opportunities to learn the
cultural values of once
large segments of the
population.
• The third information revolution (late
XIX century) due to the invention of
electricity, which has given the
telegraph, telephone, radio, allowing
to quickly share information and
accumulate in significant quantities.
Consequence of this revolution increasing degree diffused
information, increasing information
"coverage" of the population by
means of broadcasting. Increased
role of the media as mechanisms for
disseminating messages and
knowledge over large areas and
ensure their living on their citizens,
increased availability of members of
the public to messages and
knowledge. Significantly increased
the role of information as a means of
influencing the development of
society and the state, there was the
possibility of rapid communication
between people.
• The fourth information
revolution (mid- XX century) is
associated with the invention
of computer technology and
the advent of the personal
computer, networking
communications and
telecommunications. It
became possible to collect,
store, process and transmit
information in electronic form.
Increased efficiency and
speed of creating and
processing of information in the
computer's memory began to
accumulate virtually unlimited
amounts of information,
increased transmission speed,
search and retrieval.
• Today we are experiencing the fifth
information revolution associated
with the formation and development
of cross-border global information
and telecommunications networks,
covering all countries and
continents, penetrating into every
house and acting simultaneously on
each individual , and the huge mass
of people. The most striking example
of this phenomenon and the result of
the fifth revolution - the Internet.
Thanks to the Internet enormously
increase the speed and volume of
information, there are new and
unique possibilities of production,
transmission and dissemination of
information search and retrieval, new
types of traditional activities in these
networks.
• We are witnessing a significant increase in
the role and place information in the life of
individuals, society and the state, the
impact of information on the
development of the individual, society
and state. Information has now become a
powerful real tangible resource that has
even more value than the natural
financial, labor and other resources.
Information has become a commodity to
be bought and sold. Information has
become a weapon, arise and terminate
information wars. Most actively develops
and enters into our lives cross-border
information internet.
• All this seriously transforms life of the
individual, society and state. Civilization as
a whole and each of us in particular are
at the stage of formation of a new type of
society - the information society. This
society is still unclear to many. Social
system and the laws that are key
regulators of this system are significantly
behind the pace of development of the
information society , from the rapid rate of
onset of us new information technologies
and the World Wide Web Internet "building material" information society.
•
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What exactly is the information society? In accordance with the
concept of 3. Brzezinski, Daniel Bell, Alvin Toffler, and supported
by other foreign scientists, the information society - a kind of postindustrial society. Considering the different development of
society as a " shift stages, proponents of the information society
associated with the dominance of his becoming the" fourth", the
information sector of the economy, following the three prominent
sectors - agriculture, industry and service economy . However,
they argue that capital and labor as the basis of industrial society
are giving way to information and knowledge in the information
society.
Information society - particularly not known stories. Difficult to
define it, but you can list the main features and characteristics:
availability of information infrastructure consisting of
cross-border information and telecommunication
networks and distributed information resources in them as
knowledge assets;
massive use of personal computers connected to crossborder information and telecommunications networks . It
was massive, otherwise it is not society, but the totality of
its individual members ;
prepared by the members of society to work on personal
computers and in cross-border information and
telecommunications networks ;
new forms and activities Tits or in virtual space ( everyday
activity in networks , sale of goods and services , the
communication , recreation and entertainment, medical
services , etc.);
everyone the opportunity to instantly obtain Tits of
complete, accurate and reliable information ;
almost instantaneous communication with every
member of society every , everyone with all and all with
each;
transformation of the media , media integration and Tits ,
creating a unified environment propagation media multimedia;
lack of geographical and geo-political boundaries of
states - participants Tits "collision" and " breaking "
national legislations in these networks , the establishment
of new international information law and legislation.
• A typical example of the information
infrastructure of the information
society - the Internet. Today, the
Internet more than fills the information
space in all countries and on all
continents and is the principal active
agent and the information society.
• There are two assessments of the
Internet content. According to one
source ( controlled by the Internet) at
the beginning of 2000 there were
more than I Internet billion documents
on the server 4 million, according to
other sources ( "invisible" or "deep" the
Internet) it contains more than 550
billion documents. In general, the
volume of information resources grow
exponentially in the Internet.
•
•
•
The U.S. and Europe are in the information society a
few different ways.
U.S. were pioneer in shaping the basic practical
implementation of information infrastructure - the
technological basis of the information society. In
1993, the U.S. government issued a report with the
development plans of the national information
infrastructure. To study the problems associated
with the construction of the Research Institute,
established a Working Group on Information
Infrastructure.
In a specially prepared report recommended the
basic principles of the information society : the
promotion of private investment ; the concept of
universal access ; assistance in technological
innovation ; providing on-line access ; protection of
privacy , security and reliability of networks ;
improved management of the radio spectrum ;
protection of intellectual property rights ;
coordination of national efforts ; providing access
to government information . In accordance with
this report, the U.S. has taken the course of building
the information superhighway as a technological
means allowing everyone to find information ,
entertainment to their liking , and which is defined
as all technologies related to the production,
processing, storage and dissemination of
information , be it TV , computer network , satellite
broadcasting , commercial online companies .
•
•
•
Reports of the working groups to study the
processes associated with these problems are
devoted to humanitarian topics - health,
education, preservation of privacy and information
protection of intellectual property rights, etc. Given
the global nature due to the impact of information
and communications technology initiative of
national changes gradually develops into a global
one.
In Europe, attention is also paid to the information
society. A strategy for entry into the information
society in Europe, prepared and implemented
recommendations for entering into it.
Resolutions and Council of Europe documents
devoted to different aspects of the information
society in Europe. The European Commission in
February 1995 to establish a forum to discuss
common challenges of the information society. 128
members are users of new technologies, different
social groups, content providers and service
providers, network operators, government and
international institutions. The purpose of the Forum to trace the development of an information society
in areas such as the impact on the economy and
employment; the creation of social and
democratic values in the "virtual community";
impact on the public, public service; education,
vocational training, training in the information
society; cultural dimension and the future of the
media; sustainable development, technology and
infrastructure.
•
•
•
Draws attention to the fact that if Europe is not
able to quickly and efficiently adapt to the
conditions of the information society , it is
waiting for a loss of competitiveness in the face
of U.S. and Asian economies , as well as social
exclusion within the European community.
Problems of development of the information
society are presented in the first annual report
of the Forum "Networks for people and
communities."
Almost every European country has a program
dedicated to the development of the national
policy in building the information society, and
this policy is not perceived as a deer fashion,
but as an imperative, failure is fraught with the
loss of competitiveness of the whole country,
the comparative decline in living standards,
the loss rate of development and with
discarding advanced economic, trade and
technological positions.
Considering the problem of the information
society as a whole, we see the need for timely
adaptation to the new realities of the
information the old rules governing traditional
sectors -telecommunications, television and
other media.