CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
European Economic and Social Committee
Praha, November 7th 2014e
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING –
IMPORTANCE FOR THE COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
RNDr. Zdeněk Somr, vicepresident Czech Chamber of Commerce (CCC)
Examples of cooperation between the Government and the business community in
addressing issues of employment, qualifications and occupation
• EUROPEAN AND CZECH CONTEXT
• CZECH BEST PRACTICE:
QUALIFYING EDUCATION MODEL , NATIONAL SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONS,
NATIONAL SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS , SECTOR COUNCILS
Page 1
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
European Economic and Social Committee
Praha, November 7th 2014e
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING –
IMPORTANCE FOR THE COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
• Some relevant facts and figures
Page 2
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION &TRAINING (VET)
EUROPEAN SITUATION AND CONTEXT
SITUATION
• The world has changed over the past decades
• Businesses becomes more international and demand other competencies from skilled
workers (as well as they do from academics)
• Everyone - Be prepared for a dynamic labour market which is no longer confined to the
home country only
YOUNG UNEMPLOYMENT
• The world is plagued by youth (15-25) unemployment.
• Jobless rate: EU - Nearly 25% / America 15% (prided itself on having full employment
and a flexible labour market.)
FIRMS
• At the same time complain bitterly about skills shortages
• 27% of European employers have left a vacancy open
• 30% lack of skills is causing big problems for their business
Expanded role for VET – Competency (skills) based education”
tries to transmit master of work-related skills
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CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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EUROPEAN VET BIG PICTURE – PROVEN BY PRACTICE
Germany:
Dual System
Primarily resulted from the initiative of
manufacturing companies. Today
involved nearly every third company in
the field of industry, commerce, but also
of health or agriculture.
60% of young apprentices choose from
about 340 branch specializations. They
stay for 3-4 /weekly predominantly in
operation. On the remaining days of the
company releases students to school on
theoretical preparation
The cost of training apprentices in
schools lies with the state, any training
costs for companies are tax deductible
expenses.
Apprentices receive a wage for their
work. 200 to almost 1000 EUR
depending on the region and the field
(most earn sailors and bricklayers).
Accommodation apprentices companies
usually provide free of charge, and
students are eligible for paid vacation
during the holidays.
Austria: Edjusted
Dual Sytem
A total of 400 companies authorized to
teach apprentices. Their readiness ,
competence and teaching content
reviews and approves called
“Apprenticeship office„
Tuition costs are coverd by the state ,
the company paid remuneration
determined by a collective agreement (
in the last year to 80 % of gross wages
usual on the site) .
The employer may deduct from
taxes1000 EUR per studetnt + plus a
contribution of 500 EUR from fund to
which mandatory contribute companies
not involved in training apprentices .
Italy, Sweden, France:
Equal approach
The Swedish approach helps to
address the concerns of parents of
children too early diversion from
studies that everyone attending a
single type of secondary school.
From nearly 20 specializations can
chose either one of the eight so-called
general or vocational specializations.
Even after their completion student
seceive a diploma and appropriate
maturitnímu can easily continue their
studies at a university , or may go into
practice .
The state takes over very significant
significant regulatory and control role,
of the in order to avoid distortions that
may occur on free labor market .
UK: just 2 years
Traditionally liberal approach -the socalled . upper secondary vocational
education usually takes two years.
Responsibility for the preparation of
young people is fully on the side of
educational institutions with maximum
competition . The state plays the role of a
guarant - defines the classification of
individual fields and controls the
effectiveness of spent public funds as
well as the quality of education .
Costs - for students under 18 years of
Fully covered by the state , for older are
cost shared half and half with companies
. Apprentices receive a wage for Their
Work 2.5 lbs / hour . As the company has
no guaranty to hire the new young
professional successfully , Often this is
the FACT why companies become
discouraged and are not Involved Into the
vocational education process .
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION &TRAINING (VET)
CZECH SPECIFICS
1774
•Compulsory school apprentices , based on the old craft traditions , which in Bohemia
and Moravia created many centuries and was tied to the overall development of
education in Central Europe
1859
•The Trades Licensing Act laid down clear rules for the training of apprentices .
Introduced the obligation to enter into contracts with apprentices learning , including
length of the training period (max . Four years) , gradually formed secondary
vocational schools for industrial education
1948
•The Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia , the Law on the Basic Regulation of
Comprehensive Education ( 95/1948 Coll.) Prevented the selection of the
educational path of students according to their individual interests , possibilities
and ideas . Content and learning objectives considerably unified
1976
1989
• Initiated reform , enshrined in the Education Act of r . 1984 - participation in
secondary education generally available , each left high school with qualifications
recognized in the labor market. For manual professions canceled Training based on
learning contract , and all who have been schooled in the newly established
secondary vocational schools had the status of students.
•While before 1989 training based on static preparation for a guaranteed and stable
employment for 1989 must be able to effectively respond to changing labor market
conditions
Strana 5
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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VOCATIONAL EDUCATION &TRAINING (VET)
CZECH DEMOGRAPHIC PITTFALL
Decrease of 400 000 people on labor market within 17 years
Strana 6
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
European Economic and Social Committee
Praha, November 7th 2014e
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING –
IMPORTANCE FOR THE COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
• Qualifying education model
• National system of Occupations (NSP)
• Nationa system of Vocational Qualifications (NSK)
• Sector Councils
Strana 7
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
QUALIFYING EDUCATION MODEL FOR INITIAL EDUCATION
•
Which way counts for Czech Republic?
•
German, Austrian, Italien?
Strana 8
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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QUALIFYING EDUCATION MODEL FOR INITIAL EDUCATION
Main Principels of Qualifying education model
by Czech Chamber of Commerce
1. Predict the skill needs of the labor market , as the basis for changes in
the system of fields of education
2. Strive to increase the interest required fields of education - cooperation
between schools , companies, parents and pupils of primary school
3. Bring practice ( VET training ) in the 2nd and 3rd year of high school to the
company environement, use more scholarships , or payment for
productive work , provide transport services ( county )
4. Prefer employers providing VETtraining, collaboration on content creation ,
presence at the final practical test and exams ...
Strana 9
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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NATIONAL SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONS / VOCATIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS - SYSTEM COMPONENTS
• Act on Recognition of Qualifications (179/2006)
• National System of Occupations – description of occupations
(system developed by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs)
• National System of Qualifications – description of qualifications
requirements - (system under development by the Ministry of
Education, Youths and Sports)
• Sector councils – representatives of employers with their requirements
into the descriptions of occupations and qualifications,
• National Institute of Vocational Education
• Authorized persons – subjects entitled to organize the exams and
award the certificates
• Authorizing bodies – Ministries awarding the authorizations in their
sectors and assessing the descriptions of the qualifications
www.nsp.cz
National System of Occupations
www.narodnikvalifikace.cz
National System of Vocational Qualifications
Strana 10
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
HOW DOES IT WORK?
The National System of
the occupations
Typeposition
The Profession
The national register
of vocational
qualifications
Full professional
qualifications
Initial education
Framework
educational
programs
School
educatinnal
programs
Typeposition
Typeposition
Professinal
DÍLČÍ
qualification
DÍLČÍ
KVALIFIKACE
KVALIFIKACE
Further education
Courses, programs
Exams,
Tests
VocationalTraining
NSK qualifications are included in the European Qualifications Framework (EQF )
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WHAT IS THE PRODUCT ABOUT?
I.
Job desription
NSP: Duties, examples, CZ-ISCO,
formal requirements, competency model.
II.
Recruitment
NSP: applicable specialization, educator contant informations,
competency requirements
NSK: Qualifiaction requierements reflects Authorisation certificate
EQF comparability
III. Compensation and benefits
NSP: Sallary average indicated
NSK: Acknowledged certificate as benefit
IV. Employees development and training
NSP: Competency(soft and hard) – starting level
NSK: Target: certificate achievement – best motivation for personal development.
Development/Career path based on authorisation exams
V.
Outplacement, union negotiations
NSK: Compensation in a form of professional recognition
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CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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NATIONAL SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONS / VOCATIONAL
QUALIFICATIONS
WHY DO WE NEED IT?
• Allows people to recognize their skills, regardless of what kind of
way are acquired (at school, at the course, in practice, ...).
• Upon passing the exam from the professional qualifications by
authorized person, the candidate receives a certificate with a
nationwide effect.
• Alternative path to the acquisition of qualifications for specific
occupations (alternative to the initial education).
• Support the technical and vocational education
• Ensuring a sufficient number of skilled workforce in the given sector
• Hundreds of vocational qualifications in 8 qualification degrees
(compatible with EQF).
www.nsp.cz
National System of Occupations
www.narodnikvalifikace.cz
National System of Vocational Qualifications
Strana 13
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
NATIONAL SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
FACTS
• 641
Vocational quaifications on www. narodnikvalifikace.cz
• 3174
Authorised bodies entitlet to run exams
• 103 825 Vocational Qualification Exams Certificates
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•
•
•
•
•
•
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Sports Massage
Preparation of hot meals
Guide Tourism
Florist
Preparation of cold dishes
Detective clerk
Preparing meals
Warehouseman
•
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CNC machine operator
Salesman
Sweep
Maintenance of public green
Nanny
Assistant / secretary mason
Handling of goods bartender
Production of desserts and cakes
Strana 14
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
SECTOR COUNCILS – KEY PLAYERS
SSC as a consortium of employer´s representatives, professional
organizations and other experts on HR in various sectors of the
economy.
They observe the labour market, identify the trends, declare
sector needs in the field of HR development.
Outcomes are projected into National system of professions and
National register of vocational qualifications with the help of
other experts in the network.
The SSC consists of:
• representatives of employers - companies operating in the
sector or professional associations (2/3 of the SSC)
• representative of educators,
• academics,
• trade unions
• relevant Ministry
Strana 15
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
SECTOR COUNCILS – KEY PLAYERS
Sector Skills Councils in the
CR
No. of Members
29
343
ø members of SSC
940
11
Working Groups Members
SSC in a Nutshell
2 000
www.nsp.cz
National System of Occupations
www.narodnikvalifikace.cz
National System of Vocational Qualifications
Strana 16
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
LESSONS LEARNED
•
•
•
•
Think positive and be ready to change
your live
Quality and Competency (skill) counts
Employers and companies are inseparable from of the
learning / education process
We want to keep our companies competitive
Strana 17
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
European Economic and Social Committee
Praha, November 7th 2014e
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING –
IMPORTANCE FOR THE COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
What is still infront of us?
Strana 18
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
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SHORT OUTLOOK - FACTS
Strana 19
CZECH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
www.komora.cz
Thank you for your attention
Zdeněk Somr
vicepresident
Czech Chamber of Commerce (CCC)
Strana 21