Strategies for future spectrum
managementt in
i Japan
J
M I C
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications , Japan
March 2007
I
I.
Trend:
T
d Towards
T
d
Ubiquitous Network
Society
II Spectrum Strategy
II.
III New Radio-related
III.
Radio related
Technologies
IV R&D
IV.
1
From Fixed to Mobile Services
MIC
(U it 10 th
(Unit:
thousand)
d)
10,000
F ixed Communications (Subscribers Telephone + ISDN)
Subscribers Telephone
Mobile Communications (Cellular + PHS)
Subscribers to High/ Ultra High Speed Internet
(DSL + CATV + FTTH + Wireless)
IP telephone
9,000
9,648
9,147
8,112
8,000
8,665
7,482
7,000
6,000
5 245
5,245
5,000
5,456
5,636
5,453 5,627
5,781
5,765
5,907
5 883
5,883
6,164
6,028
5 994
5,994
6,111
6,263
6,153
6,
53
6,285
6,263
6,223
5,856
6,077
6,022
5,961 5 ,8 0 8
5,555
5,226
4,731
March 2000
3,825
Reverse Point
Subscriber Line → Mobile
3,000
6,196 6,133
5,685
6 045
6,045
5,245
4,000
,
6,678
5,100
5,116 5,159
5,163 5 ,0 5 8
November 2000
Reverse Point
Fixed → Mobile
2,691
1 951 2 ,00 5 0
1,951
2,000
1,541
1,170
1,000
49
87
138
171
1992/3
1993/3
213
943
433
22
85
2000/3
2001/3
1146
387
527.6
830 5
830.5
0
1990/3
1991/3
1994/3
1995/3
1996/3
1997/3
1998/3
1999/3
2002/3
2003/3
2004/3
2005/3
2006/3
2
Current Spectrum Use in Japan
MIC
Japan’s radio spectrum use has dramatically expanded, both in quality and quantity.
Further development is expected towards the ubiquitous network society.
society
The number of radio
stations increased 20,000
times
x 27
Increase in radio
stations
approx. 3.81 million stations
x 750
5,118 stations
Mobile stations
approx. 100 million stations
Mobile stations
approx. 1.07 million stations
approx. 102 million stations
Fixed stations
approx. 0.038 million stations
Broadcast stations
approx. 0.024 million stations
Mobile stations 4,195 stations
Fixed stations
552 stations
Broadcast stations80 stations
Others
291 stations
Development
in radio
systems
Fixed stations
approx. 0.1 million stations
Others
approx. 2.68 million stations
1950
Broadcast stations
approx. 0.03 million stations
Others
approx. 1.89 million stations
1985
2006
(Transmission speed)
Ultra-high-speed
wireless LAN
1Gbps
Implemented
Wireless LAN
(5GHz)
802.11n
Wireless LAN
WiMAX
(5GHz)
Planned or under study for implementation
100Mbps
4G
802.11a
Wireless LAN
(2.4GHz)
10Mbps
802.11b
UWB
Wireless LAN
(2.4GHz)
1Mbps
Wireless LAN/Access mode
Bluetooth
Mobile phone technologies
Wireless LAN/Access mode
100kbps
2G
（Digital）
1G
（Analog）
1990
ZigBee
Mobile phone
1995
2000
2005
Ad hoc mode
2010
3
Expanding World of Mobile Phones
Communication
Information processing
Entertainment
Game
Hello...
MIC
E-mail
Video
phone
Photo
e-mail
e
mail
TV
Map
Weather
forecast
Restaurant
R
t
t
information
Phone
(V i )
(Voice)
Data
(Internet)
Image
(Camera phone)
Electronic
money
Music
download
To play a central role in the
ubiquitous network society
4
Evolving Mobile Phone Applications
・・・ Under study
TV
Telephone
GAMEs
MIC
・・・ Now in service
Information Code
Broadband
Communication
GPS
Digital TV
(1 Seg)
2D Bar Code, Camera, High - resolution Display
Electronic Money
Season Ticket
W-LAN
Bluetooth
Infrared
Wireless Media
Contactless IC, RFID
5
Increasing Mobile Phone Subscribers
2000
First mobile phones with
cameras
80
70
60
87.0%
1999
Start of i-mode, EZ-web
and J-Sky service
61 2%
61.2%
50
40
2001
Start of IMT-2000 service
20
10
0
1996 1997
1998 1999
2000 2001
2002 2003
Note: Not include PHS.
2004 2005
(FY)
2006. 9
IMT-22000
30
Number off mobile p
N
phone sub
bscriberss
90
～TCA and Carrier investigation～
Can co
onnect wiith Intern
net
（million）
September
p
2006
Number of subscribers
-Mobile phones: Approx. 93,812,400 units
-Mobile internet connection service:
Approx. 81,597,800 units
-IMT-2000:
Approx. 57,427,600 units
MIC
6
I
I.
Trend:
T
d Towards
T
d
Ubiquitous Network
Society
II Spectrum Strategy
II.
III New Radio-related
III.
Radio related
Technologies
IV R&D
IV.
7
Glowing Demand for Spectrum
MIC
Future Frequency Demand
Mobile Communication System
y
2003
Approx. 270MHz bandwidth
2008
2013
330 - 340MHz bandwidth
1,060 - 1,380MHz bandwidth
Useful spectrum
are congested
Wireless LANs
2003
2008
2013
160 – 200MHz bandwidth
approx. 480MHz bandwidth max.
approx. 740MHz bandwidth max.
Dynamic and
effective
spectrum policy
is needed.
8
“Spectrum Open Strategy”
MIC
Goal: To develop the world
world's
s most advanced
wireless broadband environment
(July 2003)
Prompt response to Growing Future Needs
Spectrum Open Strategy
Review frequency allocation
•Survey on actual usage and assessment
•Guidelines for Spectrum Reallocation
Swift reallocation and utilization of frequencies
•Compensation for spectrum reallocation
•Registration, instead of conventional licensing
Change of the Spectrum User Fee System
•Economic value of radio spectrum
•To promote R&D and to gap digital divide
Consider the frequency use that will be reallocated
9
Study Group for Wireless Broadband Promotion
Reallocate frequency to systems
th t match
that
t h lifestyles
lif t l (4 main
i fields)
fi ld )
Refarm the frequency bands
currently
tl used
d by
b the
th largellarge-scale
l
societysociety-oriented systems
NextNext-generation mobile radio communication
systems, Mobile offices/homes
Fixed stations
Future action
 Make a Japan leader in
the international field of
wireless broadband
 Use frequencies more
effectively
 Improve the convenience
for users
Alternative systems to wired broadband
Satellite communications
Discussion by the Study Group
for Wireless Broadband
Promotion
人 工 衛 星 局
地 球 局
地 球 局
Radar
地 球 局
 Take account of the user’
user’s
viewpoint
 Study concrete ideas for
wireless broadband systems
after soliciting suggestions
 Promote
P
t frequency
f
reallocation appropriate to
market demands
ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems)
There’s a vehicle
ahead in the
priority lane
I’m going to turn right
I’m reaching an
intersection
I’m going to
change
lines
NextNext-generation intelligent home appliances
C
Creation
ti
off new
wireless industry
markets
Future schedule
F
From
2006:
2006
 The Telecommunications
Council will study
Technical Requirement
 The Radio Regulatory
Council will establish
regulatory
l t
framework
f
k
world’s most
m
advanced wiireless broadband environment
Create the world’
Creation of
new lifestyles
MIC
This study group mainly aimed at developing the world’s most advanced wireless broadband services environment and
providing concrete measures for frequency reallocation. We discussed the following issues openly, as well as at an industrywide level.
・ Study of developments in both domestic and international wireless broadband services
・ Identification of future wireless broadband usage and market
・ Identification of challenges in wireless broadband promotion, examination of measures for promotion, etc.
10
I
I.
Trend:
T
d Towards
T
d
Ubiquitous Network
Society
II Spectrum Strategy
II.
III New Radio-related
III.
Radio related
Technologies
IV R&D
IV.
11
New Radio-related Technologies
MIC
¾Mobile Radio Communication System
•3.5G, 4G and BMWA
¾Broadband Mobile Wireless Access
•Such as WiMAX
¾Wireless LAN
¾Intelligent Home Appliance
¾Alternative Systems to Wired Broadband
¾Intelligent Transport System (ITS)
¾UWB
¾RFID
¾Power Line Communications (PLC)
¾Keyless Entry System
¾Digital Dividend
12
Mobile Radio Communication Systems
MIC
Overview
・ A system where the user can make access anywhere with
necessary QoS.
・ Enhanced 3G
3G, 4G
4G, and broadband mobile wireless access
such as WiMAX
Proposed Frequency band
・Enhanced 3G: 800MHz bands
1.5/1.7/2.0/2.5GHz bands
・4G: 3.4 to 4.2 GHz bands, 4.4 to 4.9 GHz bands
・Broadband mobile wireless access: 2.5GHz bands
Efforts
・ Realize larger capacities and highly
effective use of frequencies compared
with present mobile radio
communications systems.
・ Considering nationwide service area
・ Presently preparing regulation to introduce Broadband
Mobile Wireless Access (BMWA) system such as
WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e802.16e-2005) using 2.5GHz band.
・ Presently
yp
preparing
p
g regulation
g
to reallocation of 1.5GHz
band in order to develop the current 2G (PDC) to 3G
(IMT--2000).
(IMT
・ It is anticipated that standards for enhanced 3G will be
adopted
p
in 2007.
・ Presently study the proposed frequency bands for 4G
(IMT--Advanced) in WRC(IMT
WRC-07.
13
Broadband Mobile Wireless Access system (s.a WiMAX)M I C
Reviewing Schedule
February 2006
Consulted the Telecommunications Council for technical conditions of the Broadband Mobile
Wireless Access systems used in wide area on 2.5GHz band
December 2006 The Telecommunications Council reported the technical conditions of this system
1st quarter 2007 Establish the technical standard and change the “Frequency
Frequency Assignment Plan
Plan”
Major Issues in the Telecommunications Council
z Technical survey on solutions under scrutiny such as IEEE 802.16e, IEEE 802.20 and the next generation PHS
z Required guard band width between the Broadband Mobile Wireless Access systems and the neighboring
systems or between two or more the Broadband Mobile Wireless Access systems
z Shared technology of radio infrastructure by a number of carriers
(Reference) Examples of usage
◇ Always-on wireless Internet
connection
◇ Can use PC in a broadband
environment outside of house and
office.
◇ Cover
C
a wide
id area ffocused
d iin th
the
urban areas by the carrier
Fixed
Nomadic
H
Household
h ld
住宅
Lap top and
such
Wireless
LAN
Mobile
Household
Relay circuit
◇ Have mobility at middle speed
◇ Offer the popular price broadband
services as a substitute for wired
cables in areas with unsuitable
conditions
Mobile
Wireless
Wi
l
LAN
Company/
university campus
Wireless LAN hot spot
Fixed: transmission distance max. several 10 km
Mobile: transmission distance max several km
(Source from Intel Corp.)
14
Wireless LAN
Within the household and
office
Public wireless spots
(in coffee shops and such)
MIC
For Faster wireless LAN
・Needs for a wireless LAN that has a transmission speed comparable to optic fiber
・Early implementation of high speed wireless LAN based on the international trend of
standardization (IEEE802.11n)
・Measures towards the needs for a wireless LAN in next generation smart household
appliances
Wireless Broadband Promotion Study Group (December 05)
Connection to next generation
household appliances
Public wireless spots (parks and such)
Can have a transmission speed over 100Mbps
Expectations of implementing high speed wireless LAN
Expand the usage of
wireless LAN
Currently under deliberation at the Radio Regulatory Council
(Will be reported in April 07, issued and effective in May 07)
Digital divide solutions with wireless LAN
To expand the frequency for outdoor use
[Can use outdoors]
Wireless LAN
（unlicense）
ISM devices ch
as microwave
ovens
2400(MHz)
2497
High power
wireless LAN
(registered)
Fixed micro
Increase in outdoor wireless LAN
Need in securing new frequencies for outdoor use
Park
Establish the technical standards and change the “Frequency
Frequency Assignment Plan”
Plan
(Issued and effective in January 2007)
((Provisional
use)
Wireless aviation flight
4900(MHz) 5030
5000
(3) Mid relay type for remote
islands and mountainous
areas
(2) Hot zone
(screen)
Established the measurement conditions in the US for 5470 to 5725MHz
band of DFS (shared functions with radars) in June 2006
High-power
wireless LAN
(registered)
MLS
(1) Last 1 mile
(subscriber lines)
[limited to indoors]
Wireless LAN
（No licenses needed)
[can use outdoors]
Wireless LAN
(No licenses needed)
（report by the Telecom Council Nov. 29 ‘4)
Mobile
satellite
fielding
5091 5150
Weather radars
Earth exploration
satellite
5250
5350
Various
radars
5470
5725
Bus
stop
Bridge digital divide (divide
within the regions)
Advanced improvement in a
ubiquitous environment
Correct digital divide
(divide within the regions)
■construct by combining with
g
ppublic networks
regional
■Improves the value of regional
p
)
brands ((competition)
■Measures for wide areas by
merging
■use mainly with wireless LAN
and high output wireless LAN
■Meshed wirelesss LAN is used
overseas
■Uses quasi mili wavelength FWA
and wireless LAN
Naganuma Town, Hokkaido
Ena City, Gifu Pref.
Minami Awaji City,
Hyogo Pref.
15
Intelligent Home Appliances
MIC
Overview
・A short distance wireless radio communication system that
can connectt with
ith devices
d i
more easily
il th
than a wired
i d system.
t
Proposed Frequency band
・5GHz band (sharing with Wireless LAN)
Efforts
・ Establish sufficient transmission
speed and guarantee quality of
services
・ Secure interconnectivity between PC,
mobile devices
devices, and networks
・ Provide a secure network
environment
・IEEE adopted the 802.11n standards which is the standard
for high speed wireless LAN in January 2006.
・In Japan
Japan, necessary regulation to introduce IEEE 802
802.11n
11n
will be prepared and established in May 2007.
* High speed wireless LAN will aim at a transmission speed of
over 100Mbps so that it can be used for a transmission of high
d fi iti ttelevision
definition
l i i signals.
i
l
・UWB is also expected to be used for nextnext-generation
intelligent home appliances and necessary regulation to
prepared
p
August
g
2006.
introduce UWB was established in p
16
Alternative Systems to Wired Broadband
MIC
Overview
・ An alternative wireless system in areas where it is
difficult to offer wired broadband systems.
・ The use of broadband systems such as WiMAX will
costt relatively
l ti l lless.
Proposed Frequency band
・1.5/2.5/4.9GHz bands
* Used in mobile communication systems and wireless
LAN in metropolitan areas. Under the grounds that is
will
ill be used
sed in areas where
here access is diffic
difficult
lt and the
spectrum usage is low, allocate those frequency bands
for the one last mile access.
・ Due to large
g service area with low
population density, the cost to
install wired system are expensive.
・ There are areas such as mountains
and
d rivers
i
where
h
it
i is
i physically
h i ll
difficult to install wired system.
Efforts
・ Presently considering the technical conditions to
introduce Fixed Wireless Access system such as
WiMAX using 2.5GHz band at the
Telecommunications Council.
Council.
・ Preparing regulations such as technical conditions
to introduce the system and will introduce practical
systems during this year.
17
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
MIC
Overview
・Vehicle
Vehicle--to
to--Vehicle communication system and roadroadto--Vehicle communication system.
to
・Millimeter wave radar system
y
to sense the distance
between vehicles or vehicle and obstacles.
Proposed
P
d Frequency
F
band
b d
・VHF/UHF bands for vehicle to vehicle communication
・5.8GHz bands for road to vehicle communication
・78
78--81GHZ bands
b d for
f millimetermillimeter
illi t -wave radar
d using
i 79GH
79GHz
band
car in先行車
front
car
on the right
側方車
～１００ｍ
car on the側方車
left
・ Wireless communication that construct
ad hoc wireless communication networks
instantaneously and to determine the
distance.
Efforts
・Execute a ubiquitous ITS R&D that organically connects
vehicles, roads, and people so that information can be
used without anyy special
p
operations
p
anytime,
y
anywhere,
y
by
y
anyone and with anything.
・Execute a large scale demonstration experiment on a
support system for safe driving under the cooperation of
public and private sectors
sectors. (FY08)
・Promote efforts to realize a safe driving support system
(FY10)
18
Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless system
Overview
MIC
Image for using UWB
・ UWB transfers the information between PCs or audio-video
equipments in the room.
・ The transmission rate is dozens of to hundreds of Mbps
p at which
the movie can be transferred.
・ Performs the communication using the frequency of ultrawideband
（UWB), more than 500 MHz.
・ The transmit power per band is very low.(Its power is about
1/100,000,000 of power of mobile phone)⇒License is not required.
Digital
g
video camera
g
camera
Digital
PC
Transfers the files fast
between peripherals.
Printer
Wall-mounting TV display
Home server
State of approach
UWB has been regulatory permitted since 1 August 2006
2006. Ministerial
ordinances defines the following UWB power standard values were
promulgated and enforced on 1 August 2006.
The interference mitigation technology is required: -41.3 dBm/MHz
No interference mitigation technology: -70.0 dBm/MHz
Power
(dBm/MHz)
3400 to 4800 MHz.
MHz
3.1
-40
Wireless speaker
Transfers the streaming movie
between home server and TV
display/speaker.
4200 to 4800 MHz.
The interference mitigation
technology is not required
by the end of December, 2008.
4.2
3.4
6.0
4.8
7.25
9.0
10.25
7.2
10.6
10.2
-60
U.S.A.
Japan
South Korea
Europe
-80
The use of these frequencies
are pending in Europe and
reviewed (until November, 2006).
-100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Impact assessment
value of ITU
8
9
10
Frequency
11 (GHz)
19
RFID (Electronic Tags)
Frequency
band and type
135 kHz
Passive
13.56 MHz
Passive
433 MHz
Active
950 MHz
Passive
2.45 GHz
Passive
Active
U
Uses
Hi t
History
MIC
Cl
Classification
ifi ti
○ Ski gates
○ Automated warehousing
○ Cafeteria/restaurant billing systems
1950 Formal classification of industrial
facilities emitting radio wave
industrial facilities
emitting radio wave
○ Traffic/transport cards
○ Government cards
○ Public telephones (IC cards)
○ Visitor entry management
1998 Formal classification
2002 Output restrictions scaled back and
simplified procedures introduced
industrial facilities
emitting radio wave
○ International logistics
○ Management of container
contents
2006 Formal classification
Specified low-power
radio stations
○ Logistics
○ Management of manufacturing
process
2005
2006
○ Logistics
○ Management of
manufacturing
process
○ Goods tracking
1986 Formal classification
1992 Abolition of licensing requirements
for low-power systems
2002 Introduction of Frequency Hopping
(FH) for low-power systems
2005 Introduction of registration
requirements for FH
IIntroduction
t d ti off hi
high-power
h
systems
t
Classification of high-power
systems and introduction of lowpower systems
Premise
P
i radio
di
stations
Specified low-power
radio stations
Premise radio
stations
Specified low-power
low power
radio stations
Low-power data
20
Keyless Entry System, etc.
MIC
[System image figures]
B k
Background
d off iintroduction
t d ti
Keyless entry system
Tire air-pressure monitor system
There is an increasing demand for the spectrum use in a
tire air-pressure monitoring system, a keyless entry system.
It seems that the air pressure of
the right front wheel tire has
decreased.
I’ll hhave it checked
h k d when
h
filling up at a service station.
The extremely low power radio station using a 315 MHz
band is presently permitted in Japan.
• Opening and closing
a door
• Starting an engine
• Operating
O
ti a horn,
h
headlights, etc.
in order to further respond to advanced needs and the
international harmonization of motorcars, higher power is
requested.
p
low-power
p
radio
→To be institutionalized as a specified
station (upto 10mW); license exempted.
Effects by introduction
◇ Practical implementation of a keyless entry system,
system etc.
etc which are not easily subject to the influence of
interference
◇ Smoothing of the international distribution of motorcars in which a keyless entry system and a tire air-pressure
sensor are mounted
Schedule of Introduction
For introduction, established the technical
standards on a basis of the report of the Radio
Regulatory Council (February 07).
(Reference: Main technical conditions)
Use
Telemeter, telecom, data transmission
(voice transmission is not possible)
q
y
Frequency
312-315.25 MHz
Antenna power
0.25 mW (EIRP) or less
Transmission
time restrictions
Continuous transmission is not possible.
21
Power Line Communications (PLC)
Summary
MIC
Use image of PLC
1. PLC provides communications with the use of power lines. Since
Ease of
connection
every house has power lines already installed,
installed it is possible to
build a network easily.
Management of home
electrical appliances
2. Power lines were not originally presumed to transmit a
communications signal.
signal Therefore,
Therefore radio waves are prone to leak
from
power
lines.
In
order
to
coexist
with
HF
Internet
radio
GW
communications, technical standards were established.
Access to the
Internet
AV network
Frequency bands for PLC
Used for power line communications in
the past
10kHz
450kHz
Home security
To be newly used for high-speed power line
communications
2MHz
• Air and marine
communications
• Shortwave broadcasting
• Amateur radio, etc.
30MHz
IImportant
t t points
i t
● Limited to the use inside a building
● Technical conditions under which an
output current value which is the cause
off leaked
l k d radio
di waves iis strictly
t i tl
restricted have been established.
22
VHF/UHF bands after digitalization of analog TV
MIC
After the analog switchswitch-over in 2011, the 130 MHz bandwidth will be released in the VHF band and UHF band.
In March 2006, Telecommunications Council started its study on policy of how to use such spectrums.
Names of systems
classified according to type
類型化システムの名称
<Re-allocation of radio waves from broadcasting to communications>
(2001 through 2012)
[Current frequency use status]
Analog TV
broadcasting
Analog TV
broadcasting
１
４
３
１２
Analog TV broadcasting
Digital TV broadcasting
１３
６２ch
[Use after digitization (based on the frequency allocation plan)]
Broadcasting
other than TV
broadcasting
Mobile
communications
or broadcasting
other than TV
broadcasting
１
４
３
１２
Digital TV broadcasting
１３
Mobile
communications
５４
５３
Mobile communications or
６２ch
broadcasting other than TV
broadcasting
[Results of the collection of system
proposals]
Number of proposed systems: 149
A broadband wireless system for public services, etc., a
Private
communications
自営通信システム
system (22
systems
y （２２類型）
classified
according to type)
公共業務用等ブロードバンド無線システム、センサーネットワーク、
sensor network, a high-reliability broadband wireless system
of a frequency sharing type, a data wireless system for
周波数共用型の高信頼性ブロードバンド・ワイヤレス・システム、防
disaster damage prevention, disaster prediction and crime
災・災害予測及び防犯用データ無線システム、映像伝送システム等
災
災害予測及び防犯用デ
タ無線システム、映像伝送システム等
prevention,
ti
an image
i
ttransmission
i i system,
t
etc.
t
ITS-related system (1
system classified
according to type)
An ITS infrastructure coordinated safety driving aid system
ＩＴＳインフラ協調安全運転支援システム
ITS関連システム
（１類型）
Telecommunications
電気通信システム
system (3 systems
classified
according to type)
（３類型）
Digital broadcasting (6
デジタル放送
systems classified
according
to type)
（６類型）
Analog broadcasting
アナログ放送
(1 system classified
according
to type)
（１類型）
Work for systematic
classification of common
characteristics of proposed
systems according to type
MobileWiMAX等
WiMAX, etc.
Mobile
Media flow, 1 segment broadcasting, digital radio, etc.
メディアフロー、ワンセグ放送、デジタルラジオ等
Enlargement of a VHF broadcasting (analog) frequency band
超短波放送（アナログ）周波数帯域の拡大
[Situation of systematic classification of common
characteristics of p
proposed
p
systems
y
according
g to type]
yp ]
Number of systems classified according to type: 33※
※ As of when an interim report was released in October 2006.
◆ The sum of the requested bandwidth is about 810 MHz band which is about 6.2 times the 130
MHz band
band.. It is necessary to further narrow the candidate systems and to study the sharing
of a plurality of systems from a technical, social and economical point of view
view..
◆ Target date of the Council Report is around June 2007
2007..
23
Guidelines for Spectrum Reallocation and Its Progress
MIC
○ To increase the efficiency of frequency use through digitalization and introduction of new technologies
technologies.
○ Reallocate frequencies to introduce new wireless systems.
Mobile radio communication systems
Predict the frequency demands for mobile phones
approx. 270MHz width (as of ’03)
・330 to 340 MHz width (’08)
・1,060 to 1,380MHz width (‘13)
Wireless LAN
Predict the frequency demand for
wireless LAN, etc.
approx. 160MHz width (as of ’03)
03)
・max. approx. 480MHz width (’08)
・max. approx. 740MHz width (’13)
Terrestrial TV broadcasting
Allocate frequencies needed for nationwide
expansion
[Guidelines for Spectrum Reallocation and Its Progress (enacted Oct. ’03) ]
a) Prepare approx.
approx 330 to 340MHz frequency resources
[finalized] Move radio stations for public use and reallocated to 3G mobile phones in ‘05
・2GHz band →
[finalized] Move fixed stations (for public use) and reallocated to 3G mobile phones in ‘05
・2.5GHz band→
[considering] Discussing the introduction of Broadband Mobile Wireless Access systems such as WiMAX
(ex.) ・1.7GHz band→
b) Prepare max. approx. 1.38GHz frequency resources mainly below 6GHz
(ex.) ・VHF/UHF bands→ [considering] Discussing the use of frequencies after finalizing digitalization of terrestrial TV broadcasting
・1.5GHz band →
[considering] Discussing the reallocation of the band which is used for 2G mobile to 3G mobile
・3.5GHz band →
[considering] Discussing the frequency changes and etc. of STL/TTL/TSL and reallocation for 3G mobile
・4G/5GHz band→ [considering] Stop the frequency use by fixed stations of telecommunication
carrier and reallocation for IMT-Advanced
a) Prepare possible frequencies needed in max. 480MHz width focused on 5GHz within 5 years
(ex.)・ 4.9 to 5.0GHz band →
[finalized] Stop the frequency use by fixed stations of telecommunication carrier
and reallocate for wireless LAN (Inaugurate in Tokyo, Nagoya, and
Osaka area from December ’05)
・ 5.25 to 5.35GHz band → [finalized] Allocated to wireless LAN from ‘05, with the introduction of more efficient
spectrum usage technologies and frequency sharing technologies for
meteorological radars
・ 5.47 to 5.725GHz band→ [finalized] Allocated to wireless LAN from ’06, with the introduction of frequency
sharing technologies for radars systems
b) Prepare possible frequencies needed in max. approx. 740MHz width focused in 5GHz band within 5 to 10 years
(ex.) ・ 5GHz band→ [[considering]
g] Discussing the stop the frequency use by fixed stations of telecommunication carrier to use for 4G mobile
・ Expand the use of quasi miliwave band and development of milimeter waveband → [considering ] Operating
the Research & Development
・VHF/UHF band → [revising] Discussing the use of frequencies after digitalization of terrestrial TV broadcasting
RFID (Electronic tags)
・950MHz band → [considering] Introduced advanced high-power passive tag and low-power passive tag in ’06
Discussing introduction of active tag
433MHz band → [finalized] Introduced active tag for international distribution system in ‘06
UWB, intelligent home
appliances, etc.
・UWB: 3.4-4.8, 7.25-10.25GHz band → [finalized] Introduced UWB system for communication use in ‘06
・Intelligent home appliances: 5GHz band → [considering] Discussing technical standards and frequency allocation
to introduce high-speed wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11n)
Specify with
h change
e in frequency allo
ocation
[Main radio usage systems
in the future]]
24
I
I.
Trend:
T
d Towards
T
d
Ubiquitous Network
Society
II Spectrum Strategy
II.
III New Radio-related
III.
Radio related
Technologies
IV R&D
IV.
25
R&D for IMT-Advanced
MIC
(FY2002 - FY2005: NICT operating grants-in-aid)
Ultra-Broadband Mobile
C
Communication
i ti
Transmission Technology
Transmission systems
capable of data rate of
100 Mbps while in
motion
Software-Defined Radio
Technology
Flexible reconfiguration of
radio transmission
technology and
functionality at the
software level
Media Handover
T h l
Technology
Seamless connectivity
with a range of different
wireless communication
systems
Shadow
cast by
building
Download software wirelessly
Wireless Security Platform
T h l
Technology
Mobile platforms equipped
with advanced authentication
and security features
Security feature
Authenticatio
n feature
ＤＢ
Add new
feature!
26
R&D for Advanced Spectrum Sharing for Mobile
MIC
Spectrum up to 6 GHz is very congested with
broadcast and mobile communication applications,
throughout
h
h
JJapan
(R&D outcomes)
Recognized
6GHz
f
Substantial increase
in available
bandwidth per user
Base station
Existing system beam
(3)Efficient frequency
utilization on spatial axis
Using radio frequency
effectively by using space
effectively
Existing system
Selected
f
Demand for wide-area high-resolution
video hampered by insufficient
bandwidth
(1) Development of
cognitive wireless terminals
Terminals capable of adapting
autonomously to the radio
environment by assessing
spectrum usage and selecting
the optimum frequency
Substantial increase
in usable frequencies
in bandwidth up to 6
GHz
Wireless broadband
stimulates industry
and creates jobs
(4)Super-conductivity
(4)Super
conductivity
filters
Frequency-variable highperformance filters to
prevent interference
Then…
Joined!
System to use
→ cannot be introduced due to
interference problems with other
systems
(2)Cognitive wireless
communication technology
Base stations and terminals
coordinating allocation of radio
resources together
together, with base
stations creating autonomous
networks
f
(1) & (2) → target frequency range : 400 MHz - 6 GHz
(3) & (4) → target frequency range : below 6GHz
27
Thank you!