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Peer Relationship
Romantic Relationship
Family Relationship
Teacher-student Relationship
Interpersonal Conflict
1. PEER RELATIONSHIP
The importance to adolescents
of having friends
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social skills
self-understanding
self-esteem
sense of belonging
enhance our thinking ability
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Act as stimulating companionship
Offer mutual assistance
Establish intimacy
Form a reliable alliance
Self-validation
Sense of security
‘Social penetration’ and
friendship
• social penetration
• factors affecting self-disclosure.
How to become good friends
five A’s
• affection
• advantage
• admiration
• accountability
• accessibility
Gender differences in
friendship
6. Friendships on the Internet －
Pros and cons of cyber
friendships
Pros
Cons
• A large network of friends
with greater variety
• Control over self-disclosure
• An alternative route of
making friends
• Difficulty in establishing
interpersonal relationships
in the real world
• Chance of falling into traps
• Set boundaries in a
friendship
Peer pressure
Overcoming peer pressure
• Learn to differentiate ourselves from our
peers
• The courage to resist friends
Romantic Relationship
• sexually mature → curious about love and
eager to fall in love
• more often more emphasis on emotions
• defined as a freeing or optimizing of intimacy
in a particularly luxurious manner
• connected or concerned with love or a sexual
relationship
• people showing feelings of love
• beautiful in a way that makes you think of love
or feel strong emotions
• having an attitude to life where imagination
and the emotions are especially important
In a romantic relationship, we…
• have expectations
about our loved ones
• hope they will be with
us often, care for us,
and always be sensitive
about our feelings
• stay close to our loved
ones.
• spend time with our
loved ones versus
preparing for the exam.
• find that our
expectations differ
considerably from those
of our loved ones,
causing problems in the
relationship
We should learn how to strike a balance between
our romantic relationship and our individual needs!
Love
• brings people closer to each other
• makes people think expansively
• a mix of three components: some passion,
intimacy, and commitment
• commitment is the best predictor of
relationship satisfaction, especially in longterm relationships
• Positive consequences of being in love include
increased self-esteem and self-efficacy.
3. FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
• communication between the child and his/her
parents.
• social unit or organization of kinship formed
by marriage, blood and adoption
• face various life challenges together
• children learn different skills
• important for a young child to have a healthy
and enjoyable family
Family mode
• structure of the family, concept of family and ways of communication
In Hong Kong
1. singled-child families’…
• parents are over-protecting their child → turns out to be selfish and
always relies on his/her parents
• too high expectations to their child → very stress
• strict to their child → no chance to voice out opinions
2. divorced families
• make the child have a negative view of marriage
3. singled-parents
• usually feel helpless handle all kind of things and stress on their own.
• may bring their sorrow and stress back home to the child
Generation
• Different generations may have different expectations of the
family
Example
• Past: parents in the taught their children by giving orders to
avoid conflict → people having different opinions.
• Nowadays: family emphasize communication based on the
principle of equality, children expect to be heard by their
parents.
• Communication by giving orders and obeying orders are no
longer appropriate.
• generation gap may be resulted → difference in behavior,
attitude and thinking among different generations.
Parents and children
• Mutual understanding improve family
relationships
• learn about each others’ development and
cultural background to understand each other
• treasure their time together, and appreciate
each other → bridge the generation gap and
achieve effective communication
Newspaper cutting
• This accident was caused by the lack of
communication between family members
• They should understand each other more
• Parents should not be so strict to refuse her
and they should consider about their child's
feelings
4. TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIP
Types of teacher-student
relationship
1. Confrontational
• constantly in conflict
• Both sides distance themselves from each other
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Close and harmonious
rely on their teachers considerably → intimate
will not try to distance themselves from each other
only 30% of students enjoy being close with their teachers
3. Alienated
• Students reluctant to mix with teachers socially and try to
avoid meeting them.
Reason behind changes in
adolescents’ teacher-student
relationship
1. Adolescents’ cognitive development
• Research indicates that F.2 and F.5 students have the
worst relationship with their teachers of all.
• increasing self-awareness → become more moody
• Independent thinking starts to develop in F.2 →
challenge their teachers’ attitude and behavior instead
of completely obeying the teachers
• F.5 are able to think logically → ready to argue with
their teachers → friction between them if the teachers
do not understand adolescents’ characteristics
2. Changing teachers’ roles
• modern education no longer emphasis on
students’ absolute obedience → teachers put
themselves on an equal footing with students
• Class formats have changed from lectures to
interactions
• Teacher → both instructional designer and the students’
learning facilitator
• teacher-student relationship has weakened as the
traditional idea of ‘respecting teachers and their
teachings’ gradually diminishes
Teachers’ expectations of
adolescent student
• expectations for students’ studies
• also expect students to ask questions
proactively, and to think independently and
creatively
Ways to establish a good
teacher-student relationship
• Respect and chat with your teachers.
• Listen, seek advice and follow instructions
given by them
• View things from their perspective
• A good teacher-student relationship is
beneficial to students’ academic progress and
development.
Teacher-student romances
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roles of both sides change
role conflicts
potential moral problems
professional conduct and morality
When teachers
become mentors
• different from a typical teacher-student
relationship
• experienced mentors impart knowledge to their
inexperienced apprentices
• help them realize their potential
Mentoring relationships at school
• actively seek guidance from their teachers in
establishing a mentoring relationship
• beneficial to the students’ development
5.INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT
Interpersonal conflict
• conflicts with our family members, classmates,
friends or others.
• a process
• tension between two or more people and one
party tries to stop the other from doing what
they want → a conflict
• obtain power, status, money or other benefits
• understand more about the need and position of
each other
• Important → handle conflict
• Both parties have contradicting views and
they stick to their own one
• One party cannot fulfill the needs or
expectations of the other party.
Effects
• Affect health → tension
• emotionally unstable, feel insecure and
anxious → affects study and work
• Use of violence, hurt other party → injury or
even death
• Breaking up of interpersonal relationships
Handling consequences
• Consequences → destructive or constructive,
depending on whether it is handled well.
• According to the gain and loss of the two
parties → three types:
1. I-win-and-you-lose
2. Lose-lose
3. Win-win
Strategies to resolve
• Reconciliation → communication both parties
understand their problem → do not need to
guess
• seek help from a third party → handle the
problem objectively
• handle it as soon as possible → relationship
may become worse and conflicts may become
more frequent and serious in the future
THE END!!