1.04 Muscular System Notes
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Use this handout to record notes related to muscular system structures
while viewing the PowerPoint presentation.
_Skeletal_____________
_Smooth_____________
______________________
______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Connective tissues
1.04 Remember the
structures of the
muscular system
Types of muscles
and their
characteristics
_______________________
______________________
_Cardiac_____________
Tendons_________________
_________________
___________
Fascia_________________
_________________
___________
_______________________
______________________
_Sphincter____________
How do skeletal muscles get their names?
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1.04 Muscles of the Head and Neck
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Use this handout to label the structures of the head and neck and to
record class discussion in your own words.
Head and Neck
1.04 Structures of the Muscular System
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Label and color the structures of the muscular system. Indicate if the
muscle is on the posterior side of the body. Draw and label the posterior view of a
human figure for extra credit. Use a different color for each muscle listed. Be sure to
identify your color scheme in the small blocks.
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Vastus medialis
Tibialis anterior
Trapezius
Sartorius
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Rectus femoris
Rectus abdominis
Deltoid
Pectoralis major
Sternocleidomastoid
Brachioradialis
External oblique
Vastus lateralis
Gastrocnemius
Soleus major
1.05 Muscular System Functional Terms
Name _________________
Handout
Date __________________
Key Term
Definition
aerobic
with oxygen
anaerobic
without oxygen
acetylcholine (ACh)
neurotransmitter between
neuron and voluntary muscle
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
energy molecule needed for
muscle contraction and
relaxation
agonist
primary mover
antagonist
cause movement in the
opposite direction
point of insertion
end of skeletal muscle attached
to a moveable part
isometric contraction
muscle tenses but does not
shorten
isotonic contraction
muscles contract and shorten
motor unit
neuron and the muscle fibers it
stimulates
muscle tone
partial muscle contraction
neurotransmitter
chemical messengers, regulate
body functions
neuromuscular junction
nerve connection on a muscle
fiber
point of origin
end of skeletal muscle attached
to a fixed structure
prime mover
moves muscle in one direction
oxygen debt
temporary lack of oxygen in the
muscle due to exertion
Example: complete sentence
sarcolemma
muscle cell membrane
sarcomere
functional unit of muscle
contraction
sarcoplasm
muscle cell cytoplasm
synergists
assist with movement
1.05 Characteristics of Muscles
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Record notes and class discussion related to the characteristics of
muscles.
Contractibility
Extensibility
Excitability
Elasticity
Muscle Tone
Atrophy
Muscle Fatigue
Hypertrophy
1.05 Functions of Muscles
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Define the functions of the skeletal system in your own words, state how the
function occurs and its relevance to health.
Function
Movement
Posture
Heat
How it occurs
Relevance to health
1.05 Functions of Skeletal Muscles
Matching Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Match the function of the muscle to the name of the muscle.
1._____Extends and rotates femur
A. Gluteus medius
2._____Flexes thigh and extends leg
B. Sartorius
3._____points toes and flexes lower leg
C. Rectus abdominu
4._____Helps with breathing
D. Deltoid
5._____Raises ribs and helps with breathing
E. Biceps brachii
6._____Flexes and rotates thigh and leg
F. Gluteus maximus
7._____Extends the lower arm
G. Sternocleidomastoid
8._____Abducts the upper arm
H. Diaphragm
9._____Abducts and rotates thigh
I. Rectus femoris
10._____Compresses abdomen
J. Gastrocnemius
11._____Flexes upper arm and helps abduct it
K. Trapezius
12._____Raises corner of mouth
L. Intercostals
13._____Flexes and rotates the head
M. Zygomaticus major
14._____Moves the shoulder and extends the head
N. Triceps brachii
15._____Flexes lower arm
O. Pectoralis major
1.05 Muscular System Case Studies
Handout
Name_________________
Date__________________
Directions: Read each scenario and answer the questions using complete sentences
and in your own words.
1.
A 45 year old woman was 25 pounds overweight and did not exercise regularly. She
joined a gym that had circuit training. After eight months of regular workouts, she
was disappointed that she had lost only five pounds. She asked her trainer why her
clothes were loose and why she had lost only five pounds. When her measurements
were taken, she had lost 19 total inches (arms, thighs, hips, waist and abdomen)
since starting regular work outs. Explain why her clothes fit, but there was minimal
weight loss.
2. When teaching an exercise class at the local community center, the personal trainer
used the following terms. Explain what each term means; its importance to the
muscular system; and an example of the condition using your own words.
A. Hypertrophy
B. Atrophy
C. Muscle fatigue
3. A patient participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program asked why he gets so hot
when he exercises. What would you tell him?
4. A patient comes into the emergency department with hypothermia and states she
cannot stop shivering. She asks why our bodies shiver when she gets cold. How do
you explain shivering to her?
5. A 70 year old male has been active and athletic all his life. He recently noticed that
he does not have as much stamina as he once did. He also reports that he seems
to fatigue more quickly when he runs on the treadmill. As his healthcare provider,
explain why these changes are occurring with him.
1.05 Muscular System Case Studies
Handout
page 2
6. Using your understanding of the muscular system, answer these questions..
a.
What percentage of muscle weight would you have if 60 pounds out of
140 pounds is muscle weight?
b.
What is the muscle weight of a 200 pound male?
c.
What is the muscle weight of a 90 pound female?
d.
If muscle weight is 90 pounds, how much does the person weigh?
e.
If muscle weight is 45 pounds, how much does the person weigh?
1.05 Function of Muscular System Demonstration
Name_______________
Handout
Date________________
Directions: Working in pairs, perform the exercises listed below. Make sure both of
you demonstrate these tasks. You may use your notes or textbook if you need a
reference. Record the action involved (What did you have to do to make this happen?)
and the relevance of this action to your health.
Exercise
Contract the diaphragm
Contract the masseter
Flex the masseter
Stretch the left external
oblique
Flex pectoralis major
Contract gastrocnemius
Contract tibialis anterior
Extend quadriceps
Flex biceps
Contract abdominal rectus
Flex and rotate sartorius
Extend and contract
gluteus maximus
Extend trapezius
Contract and abduct deltoid
Action involved
Relevance to health