Metabolism Test Review Guide
Note: You will need to memorize the formulas of Glycolysis in detail but only need to understand the Citric Acid Cycle in Principle
1. A. What is the net ATP, NADH and Pyruvate yield for metabolizing 1 molecule of Glucose to Pyruvate?
2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 Pyruvate
2. What is the net ATP yield for the aerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule to CO2?
38 ATP - typically 36 ATP (theoretically - usually some are used in the process)
3. What is the net ATP yield for the anaerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule to lactic acid?
3 ATP - 2 ATP typically
4. A. What is the final electron acceptor of aerobic cellular respiration...and what is it turned into?
Oxygen, Water
5. Is NAD the oxidized or reduced form of the coenzyme?
Oxidized
6. Does NADH oxidize or reduce a substrate molecule?
Reduces the substrate
7. Draw a generalized coupled reaction labeling the substrate, product and coenzyme
Enzyme
Substrate
Product
8. A. Write the thermochemical reaction of the combustion of glucose including enthalpy.
C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2 (g) --> 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O(g)
B. What is the value for the enthalpy of glucose…know it!
1300 kJ/mol
9. Is the combustion of glucose endothermic or exothermic?
Exothermic
10. What are the two enzymes that digest starch, and where are they produced?
Amylase and salivary amylase, Pancreas
11. What are the enzymes that digest protein and where are they produced?
Proteases - like Pepsin and Trypsin, Produced in the pancreas
12. A. What are the enzymes that digest lipids and where are they produced?
Lipase, Pancreas
B. Enzymes are hydrophilic molecules, dissolved in water – what process has to precede the enzymatic
digestion of food lipids?
Work with bile salts to emulsify fats as they pass through the small intestine
13. A. Draw the two molecules 1,3 bisphospho glycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate.
B. In which metabolic pathway are they found?
Glycolysis (Stage 2 - Step 7 to Step 8)
C. What enzymatic step leads from the first to the second molecule?
Phosphoglycerate Kinase
D. Why is this an energetically important step?
Transfers a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP
15. What is the coenzyme of a Kinase enzyme?
ATP
16. What is the coenzyme of a Dehydrogenase?
NAD
17. Where in the cell are the following metabolic pathways located:
Glycolysis - cytoplasm...more specifically the cystol (fluid inside cells)
Citric Acid Cycle - matrix of the mitochondria
ETC - inner mitochondrial membrane
ATP synthase - inner mitochondrial membrane
18. A. How many compartments does a Mitochonria have?
Five - outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, cristae and matrix
B. If fully respiring, in which compartment can you find the lower pH?
Intermembrane space
19. Draw the full structure of an inorganic, fully dissociated phosphate ion.
20. Sort the following functional groups from lowest to highest oxidized status: carboxylate, alkyl, aldehyde
Lowest - Carboxylate, Alkyl, Aldehyde - Highest
21. Label parts of structures shown: