SUBJECT: ANTENNA THEORY AND
WAVE PROPAGATION
Teacher: Dr. Shweta Srivastava
Classes: 2 Theory Classes+ 1 Lab. Class per
week
 Lab. Class will include practical visualization of
different antennas taught in the class and
testing of their parameters. Also designing and
simulation of few antennas on Ansys HFSS
software will be carried out.

DETAILED SYLLABUS:
Module No.
Subtitle of the Module
Topics
No. of
Lectures
1.
Radiation Fundamentals
Antenna types, radiation, use of
potential functions, radiated fields, far
fields
2
2.
Antenna Parameters
Radiation from current element,
Infinitesimal dipole, antenna
parameters, radiation pattern,
Directivity, numerical evaluation of
directivity, Gain, efficiency,
impedance, Loss resistance,
Polarization, equivalent area, effective
area and its relation to gain
3
3.
Linear Antennas
Linear antennas, current distribution
Total power, radiation resistance,
Short-dipole, center-fed dipole, Halfwave dipole, dipole characteristics,
folded dipole
3
4.
Antennas
Small loop antenna, characteristics
1
Contd..
5.
Antenna Arrays
Antenna arrays, Broadside and end-fire
arrays, Hansen-Woodyard array,
binomial arrays, Array theory Scan
blindness in array theory ,Aperiodic
arrays
7
6.
7.
Broadband Antennas
Frequency Independent
antennas
Yagi-Uda arrays, helical antennas
Log-periodic antenna
4
3
8.
Aperture antennas
Fields as sources of radiation; Horn
antennas, Reflector antennas
3
9.
Microstrip antennas
Review of cavity model for patch
antennas (Green’s function solution for
the internal fields). Green’s functions for
microstrip antennas (external fields) are
developed in terms of Sommerfield-like
integrals. Continuation of patch antenna
problem radiated fields, surface waves,
and leaky waves.
10
Advanced Topics
Moment methods in antenna theory,
Noise in antenna systems
Total number of Lectures
4
10.
40
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.
John D. Kraus & RJ Marhefka, Antennas for all applications, The
McGraw-Hill Companies, 2nd/3rd edition, 2006
2.
Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design. NY: John Wiley
and Sons, 2nd edition, 2002
3.
WL Stutzman & GA Thiele, Antenna Theory and Design , John
Wiley and Sons, 2nd edition,1997
5.
Drabowitch, Modern Antennas, Springer (SIE), 2nd edition, 2005
WHY ANTENNA THEORY???

An era of Wireless Communication: Mobile
communication,
Satellite
Communication,
WLAN, WiFi, Bluetooth, NFC (Near field
communication) etc.

Being a student of Electronics
Communication Engineering.
and
WAVE PROPAGATION
Get to know about how the wave generated by
the transmitting antennas travel to the
receiving antennas
 Ground Wave Propagation
 Sky Wave Propagation
 Space Wave Propagation

BASIC KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED:

Maxwell Equations

Wave Equations

Potentials

Transmission lines

Waveguides.
WHAT IS AN ANTENNA?


An antenna is a passive structure that serves as a transition
between a transmission line and air and is used for
transmitting and/ or receiving electromagnetic waves.
It acts as an impedance matching device between
transmission line and free space.
SOME PRACTICAL ANTENNAS
THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY ANTENNA
SYSTEM
The
world’s
largest
single
radio telescope
304.8-m
spherical
reflector
National
Astronomy and
Ionosphere
Center (USA),
Arecibo, Puerto
Rico
14
OWENS VALLEY RADIO OBSERVATORY
The Earth’s
atmosphere is
transparent in
the narrow
visible-light
window
(4000-7000
angstroms) and
the radio band
between 1 mm
and 10 m.
[Sky & Telescope Feb
1997 p.26]
15
THE NEW MEXICO VERY LARGE ARRAY
[Sky & Telescope
Feb 1997 p. 30]
27 antennas along 3 railroad tracks provide baselines up to 35 km. Radio
images are formed by correlating the signals garnered by each antenna.
16
2 GHZ ADAPTIVE ANTENNA

A set of 48
2GHz
antennas

Source:
Arraycomm
17
SELECTED REFERENCES








Nikolova N K: Modern Antennas in Wireless Telecommunications EE753
(lecture notes) [email protected]
Griffiths H & Smith BL (ed.): Modern antennas; Chapman & Hall, 1998
Johnson RC: Antenna Engineering Handbook McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1993
Kraus JD: Antennas, McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1998
Scoughton TE: Antenna Basics Tutorial; Microwave Journal Jan. 1998, p. 186191
Stutzman WL, Thiele GA: Antenna Theory and Design JWiley &Sons, 1981
http://amanogawa.com
Software




http://www.feko.co.za/apl_ant_pla.htm
Li et al., “Microcomputer Tools for Communication Engineering”
Pozar D. “Antenna Design Using Personal Computers”
NEC Archives www.gsl.net/wb6tpu /swindex.html ()
18
THANK YOU