Name
Class
Date
Chapter Test B
Biochemistry 2
Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term.
1. nucleotide
2. hydrolysis
3. carbohydrate
4. amino acid
5. dehydration synthesis
reaction
a. forms large molecules from smaller ones
by removing a water molecule.
b. contains genetic information and is made up
of nucleic acids
c. monomer of many polysaccharides
d. component of many lipids
e. monomer of nucleic acids
f. has a ratio of 1 carbon: 2 hydrogen: 1 oxygen
6. glucose
g. monomer of proteins
7. DNA
h. breaks large molecules into smaller ones
by adding a water molecule back in.
8. fatty acid
9. nucleotide
i. contains a phosphate group, a sugar,
and a nitrogenous base
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement.
10. The presence of four electrons in the outermost energy level of a carbon atom
enables
a. carbon atoms to form four covalent bonds with atoms of other elements.
b. carbon atoms to form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
c. carbon atoms to form double bonds with other atoms.
d. All of the above
11. The breakdown of polymers into monomers occurs through a process known as
a. hydrolysis.
c. dissociation.
b. condensation.
d. removal of a functional group.
12. Organic molecules that catalyze reactions in living systems are
a. phospholipids.
c. polysaccharides.
b. enzymes.
d. steroids.
13. All organic compounds contain
a. carbon
b. nitrogen
b. oxygen
d. phosporus
Name
Class
Date
14. Which of the following is not true of proteins?
a. they catalyze chemical reactions
b. they store and transmit genetic information
c. they help cells move
d. they pump small molecules in and out of cells
15. Enzymes lower activation energy by
a. linking to the substrate and weakening bonds within the substrate.\ `
b. becoming chemically changed and reacting with the substrate.
c. changing the temperature and pH of the substrate’s environment.
d. linking to the substrate permanently, creating a very large molecule.
16. A compound that is stored as glycogen in animals and as starch in plants is
a. carbohydrate.
b. amino acid.
c. nucleic acid.
d. lipid.
17. Which of the following groups of terms is associated with carbohydrates?
a. monosaccharide, glycogen, cellulose
b. monosaccharide, cellulose, lipid
c. disaccharide, polysaccharide, steroid
d. polysaccharide, amino acid, collagen
18. In a triple bond,
between two atoms.
a. one
b. two
pair(s) of electrons are shared
c. three
19. Amino acids become linked together by peptide bonds during
reactions.
a. condensation
b. redox
c. oxidation
d. four
d. hydrolysis
20. Without enzymes, the chemical reactions in your body would
a. happen too fast.
b. occur at much the same rate as they do with enzymes.
c. require a different pH.
d. occur too slowly to support life processes.
21. Carbon atoms can bond together to form all the following EXCEPT
structures.
a. ring
c. straight chain
b. inorganic (not organic)
d. branched chain
22. ATP contains
a. one
phosphate groups.
b. two
c. three
d. four
Name
Class
Date
23. Why are phospholipids important parts of the cell membrane?
a. they allow only certain molecules to pass into and out of the cell
b. they are the only component of the membrane
c. they store genetic material
d. d. they allow all molecules to pass into and out of the cell
24. Which molecule is too large to pass though the cell membrane without the help of a
transport protein?
a. H2O
c. glucose
b. CO2
d. NaCl
Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided.
25. How does a dehydration reaction (also called a condensation reaction) differ from a hydrolysis
reaction?
26. What are the structural differences between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and
polysaccharides?
27. Living things contain many different proteins of vastly different shapes and functions.
What determines the shape and thus the function of a particular protein?
28. How does the structure of phospholipids, linear molecules with a polar end and a
nonpolar end, relate to their function in the cell membrane?
29. Draw your best representation of a protein below:
Name
Class
Date
Follow the directions given below.
The diagrams below illustrate a variety of chemical structures. Match the correct letter for each diagram.
30. water
a.
31. enzyme/substrate complex
32. Glucose
b.
33. fatty acid
34. nucleotide
35. amino acid
d.
c.
e.
f.
Name
Class
Date
36. For each of the following molecules- carbohydrate, lipid, and protein:
Explain the role it plays in your body.
37. How can you tell whether a compound is organic or not?
38. Explain why living things need energy and where they get it.
39. Why is carbon’s structure important for living things?
40. Why are proteins needed by the body?
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
Name
Biochemistry
Chapter Test B (Advanced)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. d
11. a
12. b
e
h
f
g
a
c
b
d
i
13. b
14. c
15. a
16. c
17. b
18. c
19. a
20. d
21. b
22. c
23. a
24. C
25. Monomers link to form polymers
through a dehydration reaction.
The hydrolysis reaction and causes the
breakdown of complex molecules.
Hydrolysis is a reversed condensation
26. A monosaccharide is a simple sugar
that is a monomer of carbohydrates. A
disaccharide consists of two monosaccharides bonded together. A polysaccharide consists of at least three
bonded monosaccharides.
27. The shape of a protein is determined
by the way the protein’s amino acids
interact with one another. Amino acid
interactions can cause a protein to
bend or fold. Protein shape can also
be influenced by temperature and the
pH
28. The polar, hydrophilic heads of phospholipids comprise the interior and
exterior surfaces of the cell membrane, and the nonpolar, hydrophobic
tails of phospholipids form the middle of
the cell membrane.
29.
Class
Date
30. b
31. c
32. a
33.d
34.f
35.e
36. Carbohydrates in cells are:
a source of energy (glucose),
as energy storage molecules
(glycogen and starch),
or as structural molecules (cellulose).
Lipids are found in cells as
-energy storage molecules
(fats)
-or in cell membranes as structural molecules (phospholipids).
Proteins are found in cells as
-enzymes/ carry out chem. reactions
-structural proteins in the body
(hair, muscles).
- transport/ pump molecules
37.
Organic compounds are composed primarily of
carbon atoms (have a carbon backbone)
covalently bonded to other elements—typically hydrogen and
oxygen.
38
Living things require energy for all of the processes
of life. Energy is required for the chemical reactions.
Organisms also use a great deal of energy to maintain
homeostasis. They get it from the foods they eat when the
body breaks them down.
39 Carbon can bond to 4 other things and make large
molecules containing rings, chains, branched chains. Makes
up back bone of structures.
40 chemical reactions, pump molecules, help cells move,
enzymes