8-1 Energy and Life Slide 1 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview The Photosynthesis Equation The Photosynthesis Equation The equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H2O Light carbon dioxide + water C6H12O6 + 6O2 Light sugars + oxygen Slide 2 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis Inside a Chloroplast Inside a Chloroplast In plants, photosynthesis takes place inside chloroplasts. Plant Chloroplast Plant cells Slide 3 of 51 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis Inside a Chloroplast thylakoids—saclike membranes inside the chloroplasts. Single thylakoid Chloroplast Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 4 of 51 8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis Inside a Chloroplast A stack of thylakoids is called a granum. Granum Chloroplast Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 5 of 51 8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis Inside a Chloroplast The fluid that fills the chloroplast and surrounds the thylakoids is called the Stroma Stroma Chloroplast Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 6 of 51 8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis H2O Inside a Chloroplast CO2 Light NADP+ ADP + P Lightdependent reactions Calvin Calvin cycle Cycle Chloroplast Sugars O2 Slide 7 of 51 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Energy and Life Chemical Energy and ATP ATP consists of: • adenine • ribose (a 5-carbon sugar) • 3 phosphate groups Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups Slide 8 of 20 ATP Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Energy and Life Chemical Energy and ATP Storing Energy ADP has two phosphate groups instead of three. A cell can store small amounts of energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP. ATP ADP + Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Partially charged battery Energy Energy Fully charged battery Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Slide 9 of 20 8-1 Energy and Life Chemical Energy and ATP Releasing Energy Energy stored in ATP is released by breaking the chemical bond between the second and third phosphates. 2 Phosphate groups P ADP Slide 10 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Light and Pigments Estimated Absorption (%) Chlorophyll absorbs light well in the blue-violet and red regions of the visible spectrum. 100 80 60 Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a 40 20 0 (nm) 400 450 Wavelength 500 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength (nm) Slide 11 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Light and Pigments Estimated Absorption (%) Chlorophyll does not absorb light well in the green region of the spectrum. Green light is reflected by leaves, which is why plants look green. 100 80 60 Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a 40 20 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength (nm) Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 12 of 28
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