DEVELOPMENT OF A FLUIDIZED BED
COAL GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Jerzy TOMECZEK
Department of Process Energy
Silesian University of Technology
Presentation, Gliwice, 22 November 2005
RESEARCH ACTIVITY
Clean Coal Technologies:
· Gasification,
· Combustion.
Low Pollutants Emission Combustion:
· Mechanisms of NOx Formation,
· NOx Abatement Technologies.
Heat and Mass Transfer in Furnaces:
· Mathematical Modelling,
· Semi-Isothermal Combustion Conditions,
· Fluidized Bed Structure Modelling,
· Prediction of Deposits in Boilers.
INDUSTRIAL FLAME RESEARCH LABORATORY
INDUSTRIAL FLAME RESEARCH LABORATORY
HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE LABORATORY
COAL GASIFICATION PILOT PLANT
CONCEPT OF ELEKTRO-GAS PLANT
COAL
FUEL GAS
DEVOLATILIZER
LIQUID HYDROCARBONS
CHAR
GASIFICATION
ELECTRIC
ENERGY
RANGE OF PARAMETERS
USED IN GASIFICATION EXPERIMENTS
CHARACTERISTICS OF GASIFIED MATERIALS
FLUIDIZED BED
GASIFIER
D3
D2
D2
D2
1.5 m
1.3D1
D1
D
2.0 m
D3
1.5 m
D3
D
1.3D1
D
Characteristic of tested variants of reactor geometry:
D=100mm, D1=140 mm, D2=240 mm, D3=300 mm.
LOWER GAS HEATING
VALUE, MJ/m3
COAL/AIR RATIO mC
/ ma , kg/kg
Gas heating value as function of coal/air ratio for mH O / ma  0 :
1- coal ● – A and ▲ - B, d=1.0-1.5 mm;
2- coal ○ – A and Δ - B, d=0.5-1.0mm;
3 - char ■ – C and □ - E.
2
LOWER GAS HEATING
VALUE,MJ/m3
STEAM/AIR RATIO mH 2O / ma , kg/kg
Gas heating value as function of steam/air ratio:
1- char Δ – C, □ - D and ■ – E, Tb=900oC;
2- coal ● – A and ▲ - B, d=1.0-1.5 mm, Tb=900oC.
DECOMPOSED STEAM XH2O, %
STEAM/AIR RATIO mH 2O / ma , kg/kg
Decomposed steam as function of steam/air ratio:
1- coal ○ – A and ● – B, char ■ – C and Δ – D for Tb=900oC;
2- coal for Tb=800oC by Tomeczek et al. (1983).
LOWER GAS HEATING VALUE,
MJ/m3
PARTICLE RESIDENCE TIME t, min
Gas heating value as function of bed residence time for air gasification and
Tb=900oC:
1- coal ● – A and ▲ - B, d=1.0-1.5 mm; 2- coal ○ – A and Δ - B, d=0.5-1.0mm;
3 - char ■ – C and □ - E, d=0.5-1.5mm.
CARBON CONVERSION xc, %
PARTICLE RESIDENCE TIME t, min
Carbon conversion as function of particle residence time for Tb=900oC:
1- coal ○– A and ● - B air gasification; 2- char Δ – C, ◊ - D and □ - E air
gasification,▲ – C and ■ -E steam - air gasification.
Schematic diagram of the devolatilizer
AMOUNT OF LIQUIDS,
kg liquids/kg coal daf
PYROLYSYS TEMPERATURE, oC
Amount of liquids as a function of pyrolysis temperature:
— coal “Siersza” (Tomeczek et al, 1988), — coal “Loy Yang” (Edwards et al, 1985)
— coal “Millmerran” (Edwards et al, 1985), — coal eastern U.S. bituminous (Sass,
1988).
COAL DEVOLATILIZATION UNIT DIAGRAM
COAL
GAS
DEVOLATILIZER
HEAT
TAR
CHAR
AIR
BOILER
COMBUSTION
GASES
WATER
STEAM
Connection of a coal devolatizer with the boiler
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1, 15, 50 t/h REACTORS