Pass word: cdshopvn.net

TOEFL & TOEIC EBOOKS
Longman Student CD-ROM 3.0 for the Computer
Based TOEFL Test ‫الكتاب ده موجود في مكتبة مبارك العامة‬
English, Languages Add comments
Author: Deborah Phillips
Publisher: Pearson Education
The Longman Student CD-ROM is an interactive practice tool linked to the book in
coverage, but with all different content, no test items or tests are repeated from the
book. The Student CD-ROM includes:
Over 800 practice questions covering all the language skills tested in the TOEFL Test.
Almost 900 additional questions in section tests and complete tests designed to
simulate the computer adaptivity, timing, and scoring of the computer-based test.
Pop-up explanations for all practice and test items.
Scoring and record-keeping functions to monitor student progress.
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220818791/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part01. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220819746/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part02. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220819793/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part03. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220819670/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part04. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220818836/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part05. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220818901/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part06. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 220817810/ Longman.TOEFL. Student.part07. rar
Hotfile:
http://hotfile. com/dl/217129/ 0578f18/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part01.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217155/ 14db66a/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part02.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217181/ 545ba3c/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part03.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217198/ 2be53e8/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part04.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217213/ d256187/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part05.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217227/ 329115b/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part06.rar. html
http://hotfile. com/dl/217258/ 3892b0a/Longman. TOEFL.Student. part07.rar. html
Pass word: cdshopvn.net
Oxford Practice Tests for the TOEIC Test
English Add comments
Publisher: Oxford University Press (2000)
File size: 60 Mb
File type: html + mp3 96 KBs 44KHz stereo
Oxford Practice Tests for the TOEIC Test
vol. 1 and 2 + answers
Description
Practice tests for the TOEIC test. Key features
- Available in two volumes, these complete practice tests offer systematic preparation
for the TOEIC test, one of the world’s leading Business English exams.
- The presentation of the tests closely replicates the actual tests, providing full training
as well as invaluable familiarization with the exam format.
- The introduction includes a detailed description of all parts of the test, along with
strategies for effective preparation.
- Detachable answer sheets are included so that students can practise writing their
answers under realistic conditions.
- The With Answers edition contains an extended key, giving full explanations of why
answers are right or wrong, as well as a tapescript for the listening material.
- A conversion chart is included so that scores can be easily related to an approximate
exam score.
- The With Answers edition is available as a self-study pack with CDs for the
listening component.
- The Without Answers edition is ideal for classroom use, and is accompanied by
either cassettes or CDs.
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 208712454/ Book_TOEIC. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 208712591/ TOEIC_Oxford1_ Test1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 208712352/ TOEIC_Oxford1_ Test2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 208712490/ TOEIC_Oxford1_ Test3.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 208712453/ Volume_Test4. rar
Megaupload:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= NWKS3AUW
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= B6XKQISV
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= T5DFW0FF
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= YPB77B7H
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= OE1LQ5YL
Pass word: cdshopvn.net
Let’s Talk 3 Second Edition ‫مبارك الكتاب ده موجود في مكتبة‬
‫العامة‬
English Add comments
Author: Leo Jones
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
File size: Book: 44 MB, TM: 74.2 MB, CD1: 51.1 MB, CD2: 46 MB, CD3: 44.7
MB, CD4: 35.8 MB, CD5: 29.3 MB
File type: PDF, WMA
Let’s Talk Second Edition is a fully revised edition of Let’s Talk, the successful
speaking and listening course that takes students from a high-beginning to a highintermediate level. Like the first edition, this three-level course in American English
is designed to develop oral communication skills and increase fluency. Unique twists
on topics draw students into conversations, and engaging activities guarantee
maximum talking time. Features of the new edition include more systematic
presentation and recycling of structures and vocabulary, increased focus on
communication activities, and Expansion review sections every four units. The
expanded Self-study section includes grammar, listening, and vocabulary practice,
offering students additional opportunities for review and consolidation. Grammar
paradigms and listening texts are included on the self-study audio CD packaged with
the Student’s Book.
Student’s Book includes 16 units, Expansion, comunication tasks, answer, self-study
grammar, listening and answer key.
Teacher’s manual includes teaching notes, additional notes, student’s book audio
scripts, photocopiables.
Class Audio CDs with CD1 ( units 1-6), CD2 ( units 7-11), CD3 ( units 12-16), CD4 (
self-study), CD5 (quizzers and tests)
Rapidshare:
Book:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293634/ Book.rar
Teacher’s manual:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293850/ Teacher_27s. book.part1. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293066/ Teacher_27s. book.part2. rar
CDs 1 to 5:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213294318/ Let_27s.Talk. CD1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293878/ Let_27s.Talk. CD2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213294102/ Let_27s.Talk. CD3.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293318/ Let_27s.Talk. CD4.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 213293027/ Let_27s.Talk. CD5.rar
Megaupload:
Book:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= OMXYRJ1H
Teacher’s manual:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= XND988KN
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= FQ7K3DVM
CDs 1 to 5:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= FQTGBASN
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= 2KGUCPDW
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= TBZ3H0R2
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= DNX2DN0V
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= TB4IPABH
Pass unrar: cdshopvn.net
Critical Thinking Skills
English Add comments
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Book: 264 pages
Date: 2005
Format: PDF
Size: 15,2 Mb
Critical Thinking Skills has taken the seemingly baffling art of analysis and broken it
down into easy to understand blocks, with clear explanations, good examples, and
plenty of activities to develop understanding at each stage. This easy to follow, stepby step guide to developing reasoning skills even applies the techniques to tasks such
as reading, note-taking, and writing.
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 215678848/ critical_ thinking_ skills.rar
Hotfile:
http://hotfile. com/dl/83905/ fee0b57/critical _thinking_ skills.rar. html
Password: cdshopvn.net
Barron’s 600 Essential Words for the TOEIC
English Add comments
This valuable book, designed to help students preparing for the Test of English for
International Communications, is available in a new, updated edition that now
includes a compact disc to provide vital help in pronunciation and listening
comprehension. Students are presented with American-style English vocabulary as it
is used in the context of business, industry, and technology. Short follow-up quizzes
at the end of each section test students’ learning progress.
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 214415244/ Barron.CD1. part1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 214415253/ Barron.CD1. part2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 214415256/ Barron.CD2. part1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 214415237/ Barron.CD2. part2.rar
Megaupload:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= YK58RR16
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= 5NSX83X2
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= NMHPXMCY
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= EOH0PIJP
Pass word: cdshopvn.net
Starter TOEIC Building TOEIC Test-taking Skills
English Add comments
Starter TOEIC, Third Edition (w/3 Audio CDs), Building TOEIC Test-taking
Skills by Anne Taylor, Casey Malarcher
Starter TOEIC Third Edition is designed for beginning level students of English who
need to start preparation for the TOEIC. The first chapter introduces students to the
twelve most important grammar targets on the TOEIC. The second chapter provides
twelve mini tests, each reinforcing a grammar target through natural exposure in a
variety of contexts. The third chapter contains a full-length practice test designed to
challenge but not frustrate beginning level students. Starter TOEIC Third Edition
provides an excellent foundation for students starting preparation for the TOEIC. Key
features include: (1) General information about the TOEIC; (2) Tips for taking each
sectiion of the test; (3) Clear and precise grammar explanations; (4) Thematic units
with integrated grammar practice; (5) A mini practice test in each unit; (6) A fulllength practice test; (7) Answer key and tape scripts for all mini tests and the fulllength; (8) Audio recording of the listening sections for each mini test and the fulllength test.
Megaupload:
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= 3LVDTJBV
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= NN9X1GO9
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= A00VYY0O
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211053287/ Starter_TOEIC. part1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211052107/ Starter_TOEIC. part2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211053289/ Starter_TOEIC. part3.rar
Pass unrar: cdshopvn.net
Linguaforum Toefl Ibt Test Book
English Add comments
Publisher: Lingua Forum
File size: 4 CDs
File type: RAR
Part of a series of Core Topic Guides providing a vast amount of essential, concise
information on particular iBT TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) topics.
Lingua Forum publishes TOEFL CBT and iBT preparation materials that are written
by TOEFL specialists who have extensive experience in teaching and writing.
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211486653/ LinguaForum_ TOEFL_iBT_ TB1_CD1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211486423/ LinguaForum_ TOEFL_iBT_ TB1_CD2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211486732/ LinguaForum_ TOEFL_iBT_ TB1_CD3.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 211486716/ LinguaForum_ TOEFL_iBT_ TB1_CD4.rar
Pass unrar: cdshopvn.net
‫اسالكم الدعاء لي بالتوفيق‬
Muhammad Youssef
0104725593
youseflegend@ yahoo.com
‫عن موقع هام جدا ً فيه كل حاجة‬
TOEFL international &ILETS
‫مجانا ً وفيه أحدث اصدارات الكتب ممكن تحملهم‬
http://www.doctors4 ward.com/ med/viewforum.
php?f=75
Language Books



Forum
Topics
Posts
Last post
TOEFL
Test of English as aforeign Language
18 Topics
19 Posts
Last post by Gerrard
on Mon Feb 16, 2009 7:32 am
ILETS
International Language English Testing System
20 Topics
21 Posts
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat May 09, 2009 4:29 pm
‫ حمل كتاب‬TOEFL international 2009
Post a reply
2 posts • Page 1 of 1


Report this post
Reply with quote
TOEFL iBT with CD-ROM
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:05 am
TOEFL iBT with CD-ROM
'
From the creators of the #1 TOEFL course…TOEFL® iBT Exam is Kaplan’s
comprehensive guide to preparing for the TOEFL Internet-Based Test. This
bestseller includes a CD with both an audio and iBT component, Kaplan’s
exclusive test-taking strategies, and in-depth practice and review for every
section of the TOEFL. TOEFL® iBT Exam is the most realistic preparation
available for the exam.
Features:
* Full-length diagnostic testing to identify your strong and weak areas.
* 4 full-length practice tests with detailed explanations for every answer.
* Hundreds of realistic practice questions.
* In-depth review of listening comprehension, grammar, reading, and writing.
* Effective test-taking strategies to help you maximize your score on every
section of the test.
* CD audio component includes 7 academic lectures and 87 conversations for
listening comprehension, plus diagnostic test listening comprehension review.
* CD internet-based test component includes 4 full-length tests with score
analysis; sample questions; detailed answers; strategies for listening, structure,
reading, and writing.
Rapidshare:
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 142865353/ kaplan_ebook. rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 142865945/ k ... .part1.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 142865847/ k ... .part2.rar
http://rapidshare. com/files/ 142865947/ kaplanaudio. rar
Or
Easyshare: (Same Order As Above)
http://w17.easy- share.com/ 1701465949. html
http://w17.easy- share.com/ 1701465946. html
http://w17.easy- share.com/ 1701465948. html
http://w17.easy- share.com/ 1701465950. html
Keywords:
Get The Links for this Post
Or
http://mihd. net/jirdcg
http://mihd. net/r5j1sv
http://mihd. net/p7cdjz


Report this post
Reply with quote
Re: TOEFL iBT with CD-ROM
by Gerrard on Mon Feb 16, 2009 7:32 am
TOEFL iBT 2007-2008
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= HRC4IDS2
http://www.megauplo ad.com/?d= 3O63VRZD
pass:www.doctors4wa rd.com
‫كل ما يخص‬toefl
Replies
Views
Last post









TOEFL iBT with CD-ROM
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:05 am
1 Replies
116 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Mon Feb 16, 2009 7:32 am
Cracking the toefl listening Cracking the TOEFL Audio CD
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:21 am
0 Replies
20 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:21 am
Longman Book. Complete course for CBT & PBT Toefl tests
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:15 am
0 Replies
34 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:15 am
Cliffs TestPrep TOEFL CBT
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:14 am
0 Replies
10 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:14 am
Cambridge preparation for TOEFl test
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:06 am
0 Replies
28 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:06 am
ETS Official Guide to the new Toefl ibt
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:00 am
0 Replies
43 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:00 am
TOEFL iBT Tips
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:53 am
0 Replies
23 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:53 am
Answers to all TOEFL Essay Questions
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:46 am
0 Replies
19 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:46 am
Delta's Key - TOEFL Next Generation (iBT)
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:42 am








0 Replies
12 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:42 am
TOEFL Exam Success In Only 6 Steps
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:39 am
0 Replies
17 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:39 am
Hackers TOEFL iBT Listening
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:31 am
0 Replies
20 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:31 am
400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:29 am
0 Replies
21 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:29 am
Building Grammar Skills for TOEFL IBT - ebook
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:26 am
0 Replies
9 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:26 am
Ace the TOEFL Essay
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:25 am
0 Replies
14 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:25 am
Check Your English Vocabulary for TOEFL
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:23 am
0 Replies
17 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:23 am
Longman TOEFL Student Test CD ROM 3. 0
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:17 am
0 Replies
18 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:17 am
Torrent : LANGmaster The Heinemann TOEFL
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:12 am
0 Replies
11 Views

Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:12 am
TOEFL Barron's 11th Edition 2005 How to prepare for CDROM
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 9:00 am
‫ كل مايتعلق‬ILETS
Topics







Replies
Views
Last post
IELTS Video : Writte essays and letters
by Gerrard on Sat May 09, 2009 4:29 pm
0 Replies
32 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat May 09, 2009 4:29 pm
Barrons IELTS (2006 Edition) (Book and Audio CD)
by Gerrard on Fri Apr 24, 2009 3:34 pm
0 Replies
14 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Apr 24, 2009 3:34 pm
STEP UP TO IELTS Student's Book and 2 CDs
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 12:10 pm
0 Replies
9 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 12:10 pm
IELTS British Council
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 12:06 pm
0 Replies
7 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 12:06 pm
Cambridge Vocabulary for IELTS (Book & CD)
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 11:59 am
0 Replies
25 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 11:59 am
IELTS Writing Achieve 5.5 (sample videos)
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:21 am
0 Replies
3 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:21 am
IELTS Writing Achieve 6.5 (sample videos)
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:17 am








0 Replies
5 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:17 am
IELTS and New Inventors
by Gerrard on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:14 am
0 Replies
2 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Fri Mar 13, 2009 4:14 am
Prepare for IELTS General Training Modules
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:22 am
0 Replies
29 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:22 am
Common Mistakes at IELTS Intermediate
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:21 am
0 Replies
16 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:21 am
Prepare for IELTS
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:19 am
0 Replies
12 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:19 am
Focus on IELTS Foundation
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:15 am
1 Replies
9 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:16 am
Insight into IELTS ( 2002) (Book + Audio)
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:11 am
0 Replies
6 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:11 am
New Insight into Ielts
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:08 am
0 Replies
3 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:08 am
IELTS Masterclass (Book, Teacher's book, 2 CDs, MultiROM)
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:03 am
0 Replies
6 Views





Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 11:03 am
202 Useful Exercises for IELTS (Book + Audio)
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:59 am
0 Replies
6 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:59 am
Enhancing Academic Vocabulary in IELTS Tests:
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:57 am
0 Replies
7 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:57 am
IELTS Writing Task 1
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:55 am
0 Replies
13 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:55 am
IELTS Writing Task 2
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:53 am
0 Replies
4 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:53 am
English Grammar for the utterly confused
by Gerrard on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:29 am
0 Replies
14 Views
Last post by Gerrard
on Sat Feb 14, 2009 10:29 am
‫عليها لينكات هامة جدا ارجو االطالع‬
‫الين مواقع هامة للتدرب على االختبارات اون‬
http://www.examengl ish.com/TOEFL/ index.php? gclid=CJve_
9KK8ZoCFYwVzAodk FKsJQ
http://www.testmagi c.com/
http://www.testmagi c.com/toefl/ listening/
http://forum. art-en.com/ viewforum. php?f=50
TOEFL
form mr.google
http://free- toefl-test. blogspot. com
Free TOEFL Test
TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language
The world's most common requirement for university and college admissions, ETS
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an English proficiency test ...
www.ets.org/ toefl/
ETS: Educational Testing Service � Home
Assessment development and research organization. Directory of tests for a variety of
age groups and subjects. Information for applicants with disabilities, ...
www.ets.org/
TOEFL Practice Online - Login
TOEFL Practice Online can help students seeking English language training. From
test prep, to online English courses, TOEFL Practice Online provides the ...
toeflpractice. ets.org/
Free TOEFL Practice
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) measures the ability of nonnative speakers of English to use and understand North American English as it ....
www.stuff.co. uk/toefl. htm
IIEF | The Indonesian International Education Foundation
Ujian TOEFL� ITP menilai pengetahuan bahasa Inggris di tingkat menengah dan ...
Nilai TOEFL� ITP tidak boleh digunakan sebagai persyaratan penerimaan di ...
www.iief.or. id/testing. php?id_testing_ category= 25&
TOEFL - Wikipedia Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas berbahasa Indonesia
Test of English as a Foreign Language disingkat TOEFL adalah ujicoba kemampuan
berbahasa Inggris Amerika setahap kolese atau universitas. ...
id.wikipedia. org/wiki/ TOEFL
ITP TOEFL
Tujuan tes TOEFL ITP adalah untuk mengevaluasi kemahiran berbahasa Inggris
seseorang yang bahasa ibunya bukanlah bahasa Inggris. ...
neso.nuffic. nl/indonesia/ indonesian- students/ informasi- dalam-bahasa- indonesia/
itp-toefl
CDC-FTUI - Antara TOEFL dan IELTS
Bagi mereka yang sedang belajar bahasa Inggris untuk persiapan belajar ke luar
negeri, kata TOEFL dan IELTS hampir selalu terngiang di telinga.
cdc.eng.ui.ac. id/article/ articleview/ 13551/1/41/
TOEFL - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (or TOEFLs, pronounced "toe-full" or
sometimes "toffle") evaluates the potential success of an individual to use ...
en.wikipedia. org/wiki/ TOEFL
- Free, Practice Test of English as a Foreign Language Exam4Tests.com
The purpose of the TOEFL� test is to evaluate the English proficiency of people
whose native language ... The computer-based TOEFL test has four sections. ...
exams/examdetail .asp?eid= 57 www.4tests.com/
TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign Language - Introduction and ...
TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language exam help including TOEFL test
category explainations, preparation help, vocabulary and structure exercises, ...
esl.about.com/ od/teoflexam/ TOEFL_Test_ of_English_ as_a_Foreign_ Language_
Exam_Help. htm
Welcome to TOEFL� Go Anywhere
This site uses Flash player 8. Please click here to upgrade your Flash Player. It's free,
and only takes a minute. TOEFL-ACCEPTING UNIVERSITIES ...
www.toeflgoanywhere .org/
TOEFL : Language Test
TOEFL is a test used to measure whether you have the appropriate language skills to
do university/college work conducted in English.
www.uio.no/iss/ test/toefl. html
The official TOEFL website in Europe
The official TOEFL website in Europe. About the TOEFL, Prepare for the TOEFL,
take the TOEFL.
www.toefl.eu/
Free TOEFL Test Preparation Exercises,Exam Course Examples,Online ...
Free TOEFL Test Preparation Exercises,Exam Course Examples,Online
Material,TEOFL TOFEL TOFL TOFLE TOEFFL CBT Book Vocabulary
Books,USA Canada School.
www.learn4good. com/languages/ spec_english_ toefl.htm
TOEFL
Longman Preparation Courses for the TOEFL� iBT, Second Edition ... TOEFL� is
a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). ...
www.pearsonlongman. com/toefl/
TOEFL Prep- and TOEFL Preparation -- 120 TOEFL Vocabulary Tests Online
TOEFL Prep- and TOEFL Preparation -- 120 TOEFL Vocabulary Tests Online (allin-one tests)
www.english- test.net/ toefl/
TOEFL Test Practice Questions - Help your TOEFL Exam Score with ....
Use our free TOEFL Test practice test questions to help you study for the TOEFL
Test. Review free material for the exam so that you'll be prepared when you ...
www.testprepreview. com/toefl_ practice. htm
ESL Exams: TOEFL (EnglishClub. com)
Many colleges and universities, especially in the United States, require ESL students
to submit a TOEFL score before they can apply to a program. ...
www.englishclub. com/esl-exams/ ets-toefl. htm
Practice TOEFL makes Perfect TOEFL!
Beat the TOEFL test - Online! is an TOEFL prep course dedicated to improving
TOEFL scores. Our online TOEFL review course is for those who are interested in ...
www.gettoefl. .com/practice. htm
The TOEFL Test
FREE GMAT, GRE, TOEFL, SAT I, SAT II, Essays, SSAT, ISEE. ... Samples,
TOEFL essay topics (if link is incorrect, please contact TestMagic ) , etc. ...
www.testmagic. com/toefl/
TestDEN - TOEFL and TOEIC Training Programs
TestDEN offers online TOEFL PBT, CBT, and iBT test preparation. Receive instant
practice for the computer-based TOEFL test. Or, let TestDEN create a ...
www.testden. com/
Free English Tests for ESL/EFL, TOEFL, TOEIC, SAT, GRE, GMAT
Practise your understanding of English with a series of free, graded online tests aimed
at students taking the TOEIC and TOEFL examinations.
www.english- test.net/
Free TOEFL Stuff
TOEFL Ttext teletext testwise selling TOEFL and TOEIC test preparation videotapes,
cdroms, dvds, books about TOEFL. This site contains educational resources ...
www.testwise. com/review. html
Want Online TOEFL Test Preparation? Get TOEFL Courses, TOEFL Practice!
Beat the CBT TOEFL Online - a vast web portal offering browser contained, CBT
TOEFL practice tests, language skills and essay improvement programs.
www.gettoefl. com/
TOEFL test 1 - free TOEFL exercises from Exam English
TOEFL� is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This
publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.
www.examenglish. com/TOEFL/ toefl_structure_ 1.htm
New TOEFL
New TOEFL Test. ... TOEFL iBT test Tips from ETS download - File Size: 2.98 MB.
TOEFL 185 sample essays download - File Size: 657k ...
www.newtoefl. net/
TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language ETS Europe official ...
Official Europe TOEFL: About TOEFL, Prepare for TOEFL, Take TOEFL.
www.eu.toefl. eu/
Toefl Vocabulary - Learn English by toefl vocabulary
TOEFL Vocab. Next>> � toefl � TOEFL � Vocabulary � conversation �
English Daily Conversation � grammar � Learn grammar by example ...
www.englishdaily626 .com/tfvocab. php
Free TOEFL Study Practice Guide
A step by step tour of free TOEFL resources on the Net.
esl.about.com/ cs/toefl/ a/a_toefl. htm
CTOEFL+internat 2 %http://www.clickind ia.com/search. php?q=IELTS
ional+coaching+ institute+ in+chennai
IELTS,TOEFL international coaching institute in chennai
Showing 1 to 10 of 187 for IELTS,TOEFL international coachin....
Search Result
Filter by : All, Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Jaipur, Hosur, Coimbatore
Bank, P.O., Govt. Jobs
Business Management, MBA
Ads by Google
CAT, GMAT, MBA
Other Classes
Practice IELTS Online
Aim for a high IELTS Score. Online study course and practice tests.
www.scottsenglish. com
IELTS Preparation Course
Practice tests for the final exam. Study online for the IELTS General.
www.canadavisa. com/ielts- course.htm
Leadership & Coaching
Training materials to teach coaching as a leadership skill.
SoftSkillsCoursewar e.com
drills
Drills mainly used in underground mines. High quality & low price
saiyingsi.com/
Gre, Gmat, Sat, Ielts, Toefl Classes in Dombivali ,Dadar
Maharashtra » Mumbai
, selecting the right institution to study and finally making your candidature
presentable to the admission ...
CBSE CISCE Accountancy Economics Management
Delhi & NCR » Ghaziabad
in faridabad best commerce coaching institute in faridabad best commerce tuition
center tuition centre best ...
BBA MBA TUITION
Delhi & NCR » Noida
School Boards All Education Institutes All Universities India Abroad Foreign
Languages English ...
mba entrance coaching in trichy
Tamil Nadu » Tiruchirapalli
, Chennai Institute of Finance and International ...
State Bank Clerical Test 2009. 100% Success Guaranteed or Money Back!
International » International
JTS Institute Bangalore offers Excellent Coaching for Bank Test with 100% Money
Back ...
Tutorials for CPA, CFA international, CIMA, CA, CS, ICWA, IPCC, CPT, BMS,
BBA, MBA, Bcom, Mcom, CFA,
Maharashtra » Mumbai
REGISTRATION PROC. FOR OVERSEAS. G) .) CPA (USA) : Certified Public
Accountant. American Institute ...
MuraliDhar Educational consultancy
International » International
Hi... i am Murali from chennai, i can give guidance for MBA,MCA, and MSc and
Medicine in good ...
Prof. SK classes on all MBA papers of all University/Institutes
Tamil Nadu » Chennai
Excellent Fast-track and Regular coaching with material available for all MBA papers
...
GATE Coaching centre in Coimbatore - click India Classifields
Tamil Nadu » Chennai
About IET - Institute of Engineering Technology IET (Institute of Engineering ...
CA ICWA & ACS classes at Bharadwaj Institute
Tamil Nadu » Chennai
BIEEs Specialty
¨
&...
Ads by Google
Practice IELTS Online
Aim for a high IELTS Score. Online study course and practice tests.
www.scottsenglish. com
IELTS Preparation Course
Practice tests for the final exam. Study online for the IELTS General.
www.canadavisa. com/ielts- course.htm
Leadership & Coaching
Training materials to teach coaching as a leadership skill.
SoftSkillsCoursewar e.com
drills
Drills mainly used in underground mines. High quality & low price
saiyingsi.com/
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 Next
Ads by Google
Mental Game Coaching Assn
Learn about the mental aspects of sports, fitness, health and more.
www.mentalgamecoach ing.com/
Chennai Inn
Save on Inns, Hotels & Resorts Get Incredible Savings on Inns
www.Hotels-And- Discounts. com
Alternative Education
Brockwood Park School offering a holistic education
www.brockwood. org.uk
Coaching
Free Training Techniques for Elite Sports Coaches & Trainers
www.Sports-Coach. net/Sports- Coach
University of Essex
Study abroad in the United Kingdom Fast + Free Enquiries, Apply Today!
hyperstudy.com/ free-enquiry
Coaching Inn
Find Deals, Read Reviews from Real People. Get the Truth. Then Go.
www.TripAdvisor. com
International Inn
110% Best Rates Guaranteed. Book With Official Hotels Online.
www.OfficialHotelso nline.com
TOEFL
form mr.google
http://free- toefl-test. blogspot. com/
Free TOEFL Test
TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language
The world's most common requirement for university and college admissions, ETS
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an English proficiency test ...
www.ets.org/ toefl/
ETS: Educational Testing Service � Home
Assessment development and research organization. Directory of tests for a variety of
age groups and subjects. Information for applicants with disabilities, ...
www.ets.org/
TOEFL Practice Online - Login
TOEFL Practice Online can help students seeking English language training. From
test prep, to online English courses, TOEFL Practice Online provides the ...
toeflpractice. ets.org/
Free TOEFL Practice
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) measures the ability of nonnative speakers of English to use and understand North American English as it ....
www.stuff.co. uk/toefl. htm
IIEF | The Indonesian International Education Foundation
Ujian TOEFL� ITP menilai pengetahuan bahasa Inggris di tingkat menengah dan ...
Nilai TOEFL� ITP tidak boleh digunakan sebagai persyaratan penerimaan di ...
www.iief.or. id/testing. php?id_testing_ category= 25&
TOEFL - Wikipedia Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas berbahasa Indonesia
Test of English as a Foreign Language disingkat TOEFL adalah ujicoba kemampuan
berbahasa Inggris Amerika setahap kolese atau universitas. ...
id.wikipedia. org/wiki/ TOEFL
ITP TOEFL
Tujuan tes TOEFL ITP adalah untuk mengevaluasi kemahiran berbahasa Inggris
seseorang yang bahasa ibunya bukanlah bahasa Inggris. ...
neso.nuffic. nl/indonesia/ indonesian- students/ informasi- dalam-bahasa- indonesia/
itp-toefl
CDC-FTUI - Antara TOEFL dan IELTS
Bagi mereka yang sedang belajar bahasa Inggris untuk persiapan belajar ke luar
negeri, kata TOEFL dan IELTS hampir selalu terngiang di telinga.
cdc.eng.ui.ac. id/article/ articleview/ 13551/1/41/
TOEFL - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (or TOEFLs, pronounced "toe-full" or
sometimes "toffle") evaluates the potential success of an individual to use ...
en.wikipedia. org/wiki/ TOEFL
4Tests.com - Free, Practice Test of English as a Foreign Language Exam
The purpose of the TOEFL� test is to evaluate the English proficiency of people
whose native language ... The computer-based TOEFL test has four sections. ...
www.4tests.com/ exams/examdetail .asp?eid= 57
TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign Language - Introduction and ...
TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language exam help including TOEFL test
category explainations, preparation help, vocabulary and structure exercises, ...
esl.about.com/ od/teoflexam/ TOEFL_Test_ of_English_ as_a_Foreign_ Language_
Exam_Help. htm
Welcome to TOEFL� Go Anywhere
This site uses Flash player 8. Please click here to upgrade your Flash Player. It's free,
and only takes a minute. TOEFL-ACCEPTING UNIVERSITIES ...
www.toeflgoanywhere .org/
TOEFL : Language Test
TOEFL is a test used to measure whether you have the appropriate language skills to
do university/college work conducted in English.
www.uio.no/iss/ test/toefl. html
The official TOEFL website in Europe
The official TOEFL website in Europe. About the TOEFL, Prepare for the TOEFL,
take the TOEFL.
www.toefl.eu/
Free TOEFL Test Preparation Exercises,Exam Course Examples,Online ...
Free TOEFL Test Preparation Exercises,Exam Course Examples,Online
Material,TEOFL TOFEL TOFL TOFLE TOEFFL CBT Book Vocabulary
Books,USA Canada School.
www.learn4good. com/languages/ spec_english_ toefl.htm
TOEFL
Longman Preparation Courses for the TOEFL� iBT, Second Edition ... TOEFL� is
a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). ...
www.pearsonlongman. com/toefl/
TOEFL Prep- and TOEFL Preparation -- 120 TOEFL Vocabulary Tests Online
TOEFL Prep- and TOEFL Preparation -- 120 TOEFL Vocabulary Tests Online (allin-one tests)
www.english- test.net/ toefl/
TOEFL Test Practice Questions - Help your TOEFL Exam Score with ....
Use our free TOEFL Test practice test questions to help you study for the TOEFL
Test. Review free material for the exam so that you'll be prepared when you ...
www.testprepreview. com/toefl_ practice. htm
ESL Exams: TOEFL (EnglishClub. com)
Many colleges and universities, especially in the United States, require ESL students
to submit a TOEFL score before they can apply to a program. ...
www.englishclub. com/esl-exams/ ets-toefl. htm
Practice TOEFL makes Perfect TOEFL!
Beat the TOEFL test - Online! is an TOEFL prep course dedicated to improving
TOEFL scores. Our online TOEFL review course is for those who are interested in ...
www.gettoefl. .com/practice. htm
The TOEFL Test
FREE GMAT, GRE, TOEFL, SAT I, SAT II, Essays, SSAT, ISEE. ... Samples,
TOEFL essay topics (if link is incorrect, please contact TestMagic ) , etc. ...
www.testmagic. com/toefl/
TestDEN - TOEFL and TOEIC Training Programs
TestDEN offers online TOEFL PBT, CBT, and iBT test preparation. Receive instant
practice for the computer-based TOEFL test. Or, let TestDEN create a ...
www.testden. com/
Free English Tests for ESL/EFL, TOEFL, TOEIC, SAT, GRE, GMAT
Practise your understanding of English with a series of free, graded online tests aimed
at students taking the TOEIC and TOEFL examinations.
www.english- test.net/
Free TOEFL Stuff
TOEFL Ttext teletext testwise selling TOEFL and TOEIC test preparation videotapes,
cdroms, dvds, books about TOEFL. This site contains educational resources ...
www.testwise. com/review. html
Want Online TOEFL Test Preparation? Get TOEFL Courses, TOEFL Practice!
Beat the CBT TOEFL Online - a vast web portal offering browser contained, CBT
TOEFL practice tests, language skills and essay improvement programs.
www.gettoefl. com/
TOEFL test 1 - free TOEFL exercises from Exam English
TOEFL� is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This
publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.
www.examenglish. com/TOEFL/ toefl_structure_ 1.htm
New TOEFL
New TOEFL Test. ... TOEFL iBT test Tips from ETS download - File Size: 2.98 MB.
TOEFL 185 sample essays download - File Size: 657k ...
www.newtoefl. net/
TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language ETS Europe official ...
Official Europe TOEFL: About TOEFL, Prepare for TOEFL, Take TOEFL.
www.eu.toefl. eu/
Toefl Vocabulary - Learn English by toefl vocabulary
TOEFL Vocab. Next>> � toefl � TOEFL � Vocabulary � conversation �
English Daily Conversation � grammar � Learn grammar by example ...
www.englishdaily626 .com/tfvocab. php
Free TOEFL Study Practice Guide
A step by step tour of free TOEFL resources on the Net.
esl.about.com/ cs/toefl/ a/a_toefl. htm
Anda dapat mencari langsung melalui google.com dengan menuliskan "TOEFL"
GRE
http://www.english-test.net/
Dictionaries TOEIC TOEFL GMAT SAT GRE MCAT PCAT ASVAB Forum
Tests Top 100 Grammar Articles Stories Services e-mail English ESL Cafe
Home Speaking Audio Lessons Listening Exercises Downloads Shop Jobs
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/GRE
‫عليها لينكات هامة جدا ارجو االطالع‬
‫الين مواقع هامة للتدرب على االختبارات اون‬
http://www.examengl ish.com/TOEFL/ index.php? gclid=CJve_
9KK8ZoCFYwVzAodk FKsJQ
http://www.testmagi c.com/
http://www.testmagi c.com/toefl/ listening/
http://forum. art-en.com/ viewforum. php?f=50
TOEFL
form mr.google
http://free- toefl-test. blogspot. com
Free English Tests for ESL/EFL, TOEFL, TOEIC, SAT, GRE, GMAT
will help you learn new phrases, idioms, expressions and English grammar
structures every single day. And you won't even have to cram any grammar rules
or vocabulary words into your head! Instead, you will be absorbing bits and
pieces of the English language almost without realizing it.
TOEIC TOEFL GMAT SAT GRE MCAT PCAT ASVAB Dictionaries
http://www.english-test.net/
--- On Thu, 5/28/09, osama elgawady <[email protected]> wrote:
From: osama elgawady <[email protected]>
Subject: [maaan2007] iQ , Pst & Gmat
To: "Maaan group" <[email protected]>, "[email protected]"
<[email protected]>
Date: Thursday, May 28, 2009, 8:31 AM
http://www.pgcareer s.com/index. asp?page= 474
www.petersons.com/pdf/free/MasterGMAT.pdf
chapter 9,10,11
------------ --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --
Download Maaan files
------------ --------- --------- --------- --------- --------www.allthetests. com
www.mensa.org
‫موقع رائع جدا‬
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/
Free:
Dictionary / Thesaurus
Medical Dictionary
Legal Dictionary
Financial Dictionary
Acronyms
Idioms
Encyclopedia
Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Subscription:
Hutchinson Encyclopedia
More Languages:
Spanish Dictionary
German Dictionary
French Dictionary
Italian Dictionary
Chinese Dictionary (S)
Portuguese Dictionary
Dutch Dictionary
Norwegian Dictionary
Greek Dictionary
Russian Dictionary
TOEFL Test Free
Language TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign
admissions, ETS The world's most common requirement for university and college
... test English proficiency TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an
/www.ets.org/ toefl
� Home Educational Testing Service :ETS
Assessment development and research organization. Directory of tests for a variety of
age groups and subjects. Information for applicants with disabilities, ...
www.ets.org/
TestDEN - TOEFL and TOEIC Training Programs
TestDEN offers online TOEFL PBT, CBT, and iBT test preparation. Receive instant
practice for the computer-based TOEFL test. Or, let TestDEN create a ...
www.testden. com/
Free English Tests for ESL/EFL, TOEFL, TOEIC, SAT, GRE, GMAT
Practise your understanding of English with a series of free, graded online tests aimed
at students taking the TOEIC and TOEFL examinations.
www.english- test.net/
Other Classes
Management, MBA
Ads by Google
Practice IELTS Online
Aim for a high IELTS Score. Online study course and practice tests.
www.scottsenglish. com
IELTS Preparation Course
Practice tests for the final exam. Study online for the IELTS General.
www.canadavisa. com/ielts- course.htm
Leadership & Coaching
Training materials to teach coaching as a leadership skill.
SoftSkillsCoursewar e.com
drills
Drills mainly used in underground mines. High quality & low price
saiyingsi.com/
Gre, Gmat, Sat, Ielts, Toefl Classes in Dombivali ,Dadar
Maharashtra » Mumbai
, selecting the right institution to study and finally making your candidature
presentable to the admission ...
CBSE CISCE Accountancy Economics Management
Delhi & NCR » Ghaziabad
in faridabad best commerce coaching institute in faridabad best commerce tuition
center tuition centre best ...
BBA MBA TUITION
Delhi & NCR » Noida
School Boards All Education Institutes All Universities India Abroad Foreign
Languages English ...
mba entrance coaching in trichy
Tamil Nadu » Tiruchirapalli
, Chennai Institute of Finance and International ...
State Bank Clerical Test 2009. 100% Success Guaranteed or Money Back!
International » International
JTS Institute Bangalore offers Excellent Coaching for Bank Test with 100% Money
Back ...
Tutorials for CPA, CFA international, CIMA, CA, CS, ICWA, IPCC, CPT, BMS,
BBA, MBA, Bcom, Mcom, CFA,
Page tools?
GRE Vocabulary TestsAds by Google
Free GRE Vocabulary Tests Unlimited List of Words and
Tests
LearnWordList.com
IELTS Test
Aim for a high IELTS Score. Online study course and practice
tests.
www.scottsenglish.com
Advertisement (Bad
800score.com
Test Prep
banner? Please let us
know)Download sample tests for the GRE and GMAT exams. Online
tutoring.
Related Ads
www.800score.com
▪ One
▪ Prep
Truth
About Scientology
Year Stations
Learn about beliefs, humanitarian efforts & more. Watch
MBA
▪
online videos
▪ Preparation
Scientology.org
Executive
Areas
Coal
Sample
Preparation
MBA
▪ GRE
Most
Complete
Product
Line
ASTM
&
ISO
Methodology
▪ GolfVocabulary
www.preiser.com
Scores ▪ Stanford
See Gree, a step. 1. n.
▪ Live
MBA
Score
▪ GRE
See Gree, good will. 1.
▪ GRE Practice Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, published 1913 by
Verbal
C. & G. Merriam Co.
My Word List?
Add current page to
GRE Vocabulary AudioLearnAds by Google
the list
The most common GRE vocabulary words reviewed on 5
Charity?
Audio CDs/MP3
AudioLearn.net/grevocabulary.htm
Certified Banker Course
Banking
Graduate
Certificate
University
of Wales - Online
Feed a hungry child Degree
donate to school
wales.college.ch
feeding program
Test Masters PSAT Prep
Become a National Merit Scholar We have a 200 Pt Increase
Guarantee
www.testmasters.com
ATLS Exam Prep for CME
200+ cases and Q&A prepare you for the ATLS exam - 10
CME credit hours
www.focusedmedical.info
Pass ACCA Exams 1st Time
£333 p/Paper, Top ACCA Tutors Team In Class& on Video +
Pass Guarantee
www.LSBF.org.uk/ACCA
Feedback
Printer
Add friendly
definition Cite / link
Email
References in periodicals archive?
It provides insightful and quality guidance
for the critical hurdles that Japanese
Mentioned in?
Egregiously
Egregiousness
aggregate
aggregated
candidates face, including application
essay writing, school choice and interview
practice, and intensive coaching for the
crucial GMAT, TOEFL and GRE
examinations.
J-Seed Invests in New Standard K.K.;
by Helping Japan's Next Generation ...
JCN Newswires
émigré
ex gratia
grater
gravestone
great-grandchild
great-grandfather
great-grandmother
More results
Aggregately
aggregation
Aggregative
Aggregator
congregate
congregating
disaggregate
Disaggregation
The role of food animals as reservoirs of
GRE and the causes of their persistently
high prevalence in poultry carcasses in
some European countries are being
investigated (9).
VanB-vanC1 Enterococcus gallinarum,
by Nastasi, Antonino / Emerging Italy
Infectious Diseases
in Educational Communications and
Technology, the program also includes a
bonus "Vocabbusters" disk and booklet
with animated cartoons and learning
mnemonics to assist in learning vocabulary
for the GRE and SAT.
by Rohrlick, Paula Dr. Wiley Makes Sense
/ Kliatt
More results
Full browser?
Gre subject
GRDM
GRDBD
biochemistry
GRDN
GRDC
GRE test
GRDNS
GRDCS
GRE test
GRDO
GRDCUS
GRE tunnel
GRDP
GRDDL
GRE tunnel
Grdr
GRDDL
GRE tunnels
GRDS
GRDEB
GRE tunnels
GRDT
GRDEFO
Gre'Thor
Grdelica
Gre
Gre-Nal GRE (company) Grdelica (town)
Gre-No-Li
GRE Grdelica train
GREA
Biochemistry
bombing
GreA-Open
Test
Grden
?Dictionary/thesaurus browser
grazed
Grazer
grazier
grazing
grazing fire
grazing land
grazioso
Gre
grease
Grease bush
Grease cock
grease gun
‫‪grease monkey‬‬
‫‪Grease moth‬‬
‫‪grease one's palms‬‬
‫‪GRDF‬‬
‫‪GRDHD‬‬
‫‪GRDI‬‬
‫‪GRDL‬‬
‫‪Gré‬‬
‫‪Brouwenstein‬‬
‫‪Gre‬‬
‫‪Brouwenstijn‬‬
‫‪Gré‬‬
‫‪Brouwenstijn‬‬
‫‪GRE Literature‬‬
‫‪in English Test‬‬
‫‪GRE‬‬
‫‪Mathematics‬‬
‫‪Test‬‬
‫‪GRE Physics‬‬
‫‪Test‬‬
‫‪Reading Frame‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫‪GREAB‬‬
‫‪Greacians‬‬
‫‪Greåker‬‬
‫‪GREAL‬‬
‫‪CMA‬المحاسب اإلداري المعتمد‬
‫لقد تم تصميم شهادتي المحاسب اإلدارى المعتمد ‪ CMA‬والمدير المالى المعتمد ‪ CFM‬من قبل‬
‫المعهد األمريكي للمحاسبين اإلداريين بالواليات المتحدة األمريكية ‪ ،IMA‬وذلك إلضفاء صفة‬
‫االعتماد المهنى على العاملين فى مجاالت المحاسبة اإلدارية و اإلدارة المالية‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬الفئات الوظيفية المرشحة للحصول على الشهادة‬
‫تشمل الفئات المرشحة للحصول على هذه الشهادة المتخصصين في الحقل المالي واإلداري‬
‫المحاسبي ومنهم‪:‬‬
‫المدراء الماليون الراغبون في الحصول على تأهيل مهني يوثق خبرتهم العملية‪ ،‬وكسب المعرفة‬
‫التي تمكنهم من أداء مهامهم الوظيفية بأسلوب ومنهج علمي متطور‪.‬‬
‫كافة المتخصصين و العاملين في مجال المراجعة و التدقيق المالي و اإلداري‪.‬‬
‫كافة العاملين في المجال المحاسبي الراغبون في الحصول على تأهيل مهني يمكنهم من تولي‬
‫وظائف قيادية في المجال المحاسبي المالي ‪.‬‬
‫العاملون والمتخصصون في قطاع البنوك واالستثمار ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬فوائد الحصول على الشهادة‬
‫إن الحصول على هاتين الشهادتين من قبل العاملين فى تلك المجاالت يحقق لهم العديد من المزايا‬
‫‪ ،‬نوجزها فيما يلى ‪:‬‬
‫اعتالء مناصب إدارية عليا سواء فى جهات أعمالهم‬
‫زيادة المعرفة العلمية فى مجاالت متعددة (اإلدارة والمحاسبة المالية ومحاسبة التكاليف ‪-‬‬
‫والقتصاد والتمويل‪ ...،‬الخ)‬
‫ االعتماد المهنى للخبرات السابقة‬‫‪ -‬التميز بارتفاع الرواتب‬
‫‪ .3‬المؤهالت المطلوبة للحصول على الشهادة‬
‫• ‪ -‬الحصول على مؤهل جامعي‪ ،‬درجة البكالوريوس‪ ،‬في المجال‬
‫•‪ -‬خبرة عملية ال تقل عن عامين في مجال المحاسبة اإلدارية أو اإلدارة المالية أو كلتيهما‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬المحتوي العلمي لمنهج الشهادتين باستخدام منهج ‪ GLIEM‬الجديد‬
‫وفيما يلى بيان تفصيلى بأجزاء منهج ‪ CMA‬الجديد‪:‬‬
‫الجزء األول تحليل األعمال‬
‫‪Business Analusis (http://www.gckw. com/Cert/‬‬
‫‪)cma_cfm_1. htm‬‬
( ‫لتحميل الكتاب‬
http://www.4shared. com/file/ 12786721/ 42aff3f6/
)P1_Business_ Analysis. html
‫ المحاسبة اإلدارية وإنشاء التقارير‬: ‫الجزء الثاني‬
REPORTING & MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
)(http://www.gckw. com/Cert/ cma_cfm_2. htm
( ‫لتحميل الكتاب‬
http://www.4shared. com/file/ 12786857/ efd18739/
)P2_Management_ Accounting_ __Reporting. html
CMA Part 3 Strategic Managment ‫ اإلدارة االستراتيجية‬:‫الجزء الثالث‬
)http://www.gckw. com/Cert/ cma_cfm_3. htm(
http://www.4shared. com/file/ 12786965/ ( ‫لتحميل الكتاب‬
)2b30dfe1/ P3_Strategic_ Management. html
CMA Part 4 Business Application ‫تطبيقات العمل‬:‫الجزء الرابع‬
)http://www.gckw. com/Cert/ cma_cfm_4. htm(
‫لتحميل الكتاب‬
(
http://www.4shared. com/file/ 12787043/ 470844bc/
)P4_Business_ Applications. html
CFM Part 2 Corporate Financial Managment ‫الجزء الخامس‬
)http://www.gckw. com/Cert/ cma_cfm_5. htm(
GLEIM ‫لمزيد من المعلومات يمكن زيارة موقع‬
www.gleim.com
http://www.gleim. com/_images/ logo/gleimlogo. gif
‫منقووووووووووول‬
http://www.cma.gov.eg/
‫ لكل المهتمين بالمحاسب المالي المعتمد‬CMA
‫واالستفسارات هذا هو موقع به كل الكتب‬
http://www.jpsdir.com/Forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=5471&OB=DE
‫االقوى من ال‬
CMA , CFA , etc......... ......... .....
Sloan School of Management
Undergraduate
Graduate
http://ocw.mit. edu/OcwWeb/ Sloan-School- of-Management/ index.htm
Sloan School of Management links:
http://mitsloan. mit.edu/ https://mitsloan. mit.edu/mstir/ Pages/default. aspx
http://ocw.mit. edu/OcwWeb/ web/resources/ curriculum/ index.htm# 15
‫ده اللى عاوز يكون يلعب باالدارة و المحاسبة‬
‫عبقرية االدراة و المحاسبة‬
Thank You.........
CFA
cfa
http://www.4shared.com/network/search.jsp?sortType=1&sortOrder=1&sortmode=2
&searchName=cfa+2009&searchmode=2&searchName=cfa+2009&searchDescriptio
n=&searchExtention=&sizeCriteria=atleast&sizevalue=10&start=0
‫واللينك ده برده مهم‬
http://www.4shared.com/network/search.jsp?sortType=1&sortOrder=1&sortmode=2
&searchName=cfa+&searchmode=2&searchName=cfa+&searchDescription=&searc
hExtention=&sizeCriteria=atleast&sizevalue=10&start=0
‫وده كمان‬
http://www.4shared.com/network/search.jsp?sortType=1&sortOrder=1&sortmode=2
&searchName=+Financial+Analysis.&searchmode=2&searchName=+Financial+Anal
ysis.&searchDescription=&searchExtention=&sizeCriteria=atleast&sizevalue=10&sta
rt=0
See this link
http://books. m-e-c.biz/ index.php? gro_id=51
I hope it will help you.
MBA
‫وال الدراسة النظامية‬
‫دراسة ماجستير إدارة أعمال في مصر‬
‫الجامعة األلمانية بالقاهرة‬
http://www.guc. edu.eg/mba/ mba.htm
‫المدة عامين‬
‫ مادة علمية‬20
‫باإلضافة إلى تقديم بحث‬
‫ فصول دراسية‬4
‫التكلفة ‪45,000‬جنيه تقريبا‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪GMAT‬‬
‫الجامعة األمريكية بالقاهرة‬
‫‪http://www.aucegypt .edu/catalog04/ g...Mgmt/ gmgmt.html‬‬
‫المدة ‪ 18‬شهر‬
‫‪ 16‬مادة علمية‬
‫باإلضافة إلى إعداد بحث‬
‫‪ 4‬فصول دراسية‬
‫التكلفة ‪ 70,000‬جنيه تقريبا‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪TOEFL ,GMAT‬‬
‫‪Maastricht school of management‬‬
‫‪http://www.riti. org/site/ Content.as. ..+Administratio n‬‬
‫المدة عامين‬
‫عدد المواد العلمية غير معلوم بالنسبة لي وإن كان يبدو أنه حوالي عشرون مادة‬
‫باإلضافة إلى إعداد بحث‬
‫التكلفة ‪ 50,000‬جنيه تقريبا‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪GMAT, TOEFL‬‬
‫األكاديمية العربية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والنقل البحري‪ -‬األسكندرية والقاهرة‬
‫‪http://www.aast. edu/academics/ management/ academics. html‬‬
‫‪/http://www.. aagsb.edu. eg‬‬
‫لمدة عامين‬
‫‪ 16‬مادة علمية‬
‫باإلضافة إلى إعداد بحث‬
‫‪ 4‬فصول دراسية‬
‫التكلفة ‪ 30,000‬جنيه تقريبا (فرع السعودية ‪ 11000‬دوالر ‪ 16 -‬مادة )‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪TOEFL ,GMAT‬‬
‫االكاديمية العربية للعلوم المالية والمصرفية‬
‫‪/http://www.aabfs. org‬‬
‫جامعة حلوان مع جامعة نيو فرجينيا‬
‫التكلفة حوالي ‪ 100,000‬جنيه‬
‫المدة ‪ 14‬شهر‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪GMAT, TOEFL‬‬
‫جامعة األسكندرية وغرفة التجارة األمريكية بالتعاون مع جامعة جورج واشنطن‬
‫‪http://www.amcham. org.eg/BSAC/ Watch...sues/ Jun105.asp‬‬
‫التكلفة ‪ 40,000‬جنيه‬
‫المدة عامين‬
‫عدد المواد ‪ 18‬مادة‬
‫االختبارات المؤهلة‬
‫‪() local TOEFL‬‬
‫جامعة القاهرة‬
‫التكلفة حوالي ‪ 15,000‬جنيه‬
‫الدراسة عن بعد او ‪e-learning‬‬
‫موقع يتبع وزارة الخارجية األمريكية خاص بالشئون الثقافية وموجه لألفراد الراغبين في الدراسة أو الحصول‬
‫علي شهادات من الجامعات والمعاهد األمريكية ‪ .‬كما يمكن من خالل المراكز المنتشرة في دول الخليج ومصر‬
‫االستفسار والحصول علي معلومات خاصة بالدراسة والمنح‬
‫والشروط المطلوبة‪..‬‬
‫‪http://www.amideast .org/default. htm‬‬
‫رابط الجامعات العليا المعتمدة في بريطانيا‬
‫‪http://www.dfes. gov.uk/recognise dukd...nstitutes .list‬‬
‫جامعات بريطانية معترف بها ولها مكاتب في السعودية واإلمارات ومصر سوريا‪ ...‬للتعليم عن بعد ‪-‬درجة‬
‫الماجستير ‪-‬‬
‫‪http://www.stafford .ae‬‬
‫صفحة مكاتب التنسيق‬
‫‪http://www.stafford .ae/partners. htm‬‬
‫أرخص جامعتان امريكيتان معتمدتان حتى اآلن ‪:‬‬
‫جامعة كولومبيا الجنوبية‬
‫‪http://www.columbia southern. edu‬‬
‫• • جامعة آشفورد‬
‫‪/http://www.ashford. edu/online‬‬
‫في موقع جامعة يورك‬
‫وهي من الجامعات العريقة في كندا ‪ -‬مقاطعة اونتاريو ‪ -‬مدينة تورنتو‬
‫‪#http://schulich. yorku.ca/ ssb-extra/ ssb.nsf?open‬‬
‫وجدت أن دراسة هذه الشهادة سوف تكلفك‬
‫‪http://mba.schulich .yorku.ca/ ssb-extra/ mba.nsf‬‬
‫جامعة ‪American Public University‬‬
‫إعتمادان‬
‫وتخصصات كثيرة ومهمة ‪ ,‬وأسعار معقولة‬
‫‪http://www.apu. apus.edu/ index.htm‬‬
‫كلية روبرت كينيدي في سويسرا‬
‫توفر الكثير من التخصصات في درجة الماجستير وبعض الدورات الخاصة ‪ ....‬وبالنسبة للماجستير فهي‬
‫تشترط حضور أسبوع واحد فقط‬
‫والشهادة تصدر من جامعة والز في بريطانيا وهي إتحاد كبير يضم الكثير من الجامعات المعتمدة ‪ ...‬ولقد تأكدت‬
‫من أن كلية روبرت كينيدي كلية معتمدة تمنح الماجستير بموافقة جامعة والز من موقع الجامعة نفسه قبل عدة‬
‫أشهر ولكن موقع الجامعة اآلن قيد التطوير‬
‫‪/http://www.wales. ac.uk‬‬
‫من الجامعات التي ال تسوي شهادتها الحبر اللي اتكتب بيه‬
‫الجامعة االفتراضية في بريطانيا‬
‫‪/http://www.abahe. co.uk‬‬
‫تدعي اعتراف اليونسكو بها ولكن ال يوجد أي دليل يثبت ذلك غير موقع يكرر نفس كالمها وبأنه منظمة معتمدة‬
‫من قبل اليونسكو وفي هذه األمور ال ينفع الكالم ‪ .‬فكل الجامعات األمريكية الكبرى المعتمدة مع شهرتها إال أنها‬
‫تضع روابط وأدلة للوثائق‬
‫جامعة كولومبوس‬
‫‪http://www.columbus u.com‬‬
‫جامعة أتالنتيك‬
. ‫وهي ليست معترفا بها‬
http://www.aiu. edu/Accreditatio n.html
: ‫كيف تعرف بأن هذه الجامعة (المرخصة ) التي توفر التعليم عن بعد مشكوك في جودتها أم ال‬
http://www.chea. org/degreemills/ default.htm
‫جامعة براير ستيت‬
http://www.breyerst ate.com
‫أو جامعة الباسيفيك الغربية‬
‫ تغير إسمها لجامعة كاليفورنيا ميرامارقبل عدة أشهر‬http://pwu-ca. edu/about/ index.asp
‫أو جامعة العالم األمريكية‬
/http://www.awu. edu
‫منقول من عدة‬
Table of contents
Post graduate studies. 2
1.
1.1.
MBA: -Master of Business Administration.. 2
Mini MBA.. 2
2.
The degree of Doctor of Business Administration (D.B.A.) 2
3.
CMA: -Certified Management Accountant.. 2
4.
CIA: - Certified Internal Auditor: - 3
5.
CPA Certified Public Accountant (CPA) 4
5.1.
6.
Certified Practicing Accountant (CPA) 4
Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) 4
7.
Six Sigma.. 4
8.
PMP: - A project management plan.. 5
8.1.
Project Management Professional.. 5
8.1.1.
CAPM Certified Associate in Project Management: 5
8.1.2.
PMP Project Management Professional: 5
8.1.3.
PgMP Program Management Professional.. 5
8.1.4.
PMI RMP PMI Risk Management Professional: 5
8.1.5.
PMI SP PMI Scheduling Professional: 5
9.
Incoterms or international commercial terms. 5
9.1.
International commercial law... 6
9.2.
International commercial contracts. 6
10.
Human resources. 6
10.1.
Human resource management.. 7
10.2.
Human resource development.. 8
10.3.
Modern concept of human resources. 9
10.4.
HR Certification Institute.. 10
10.5. EHRMA: - The Egyptian Human Resource Management Association
(EHRMA) 10
Preparation Courses. 11
1.
GMAT The Graduate Management Admission Test.. 11
2.
The GRE Literature in English Test.. 11
2.1.
3.
The GRE Graduate Record Examination subject test in mathematics. 11
An Intelligence Quotient or IQ.. 12
4. Emotional Intelligence (EI), often measured as an Emotional Intelligence
Quotient
(EQ)
12
5.
13
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (or TOEFL, pronounced "toe-full")
6.
Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) 13
7.
IELTS 'International English Language Testing System... 13
References. 14
Post graduate studies
1. MBA: -Master of Business Administration
Is a master's degree in business administration, which attracts people from a wide
range of academic disciplines? The MBA designation originated in the United States,
emerging from the late 19th century as the country industrialized and companies
sought out scientific approaches to management. The MBA degree has since achieved
worldwide recognition. .
1.1.
Mini MBA
2. The degree of Doctor of Business Administration (D.B.A.)
Is a research doctorate. The D.B.A. often requires coursework beyond the masters'
level in addition to research that results in a dissertation that contributes to business
theory or practice.
3. CMA: -Certified Management Accountant
Is a professional designation awarded by various professional bodies around the
world.
The CMA designation is a post-nominal award issued to individuals who have
achieved peer-based criteria of professional competency in the field of Management
Accounting. Management accounting qualifications differ from those such as the
ACA or CPA "Chartered" or "Public" accounting qualifications in a number of ways.
Management accountants are primarily focused on internal cost measures and
accounting for management review, whereas ACA/CPA specialists are focused on
reporting financial results to external bodies such as tax departments, capital markets,
investors and others.
The CMA qualification is offered in Australia, Canada, the United States, and many
other developed countries. CMAs are granted a certificate from a professional body
like the Institute of Certified Management Accountants (ICMA), the Institute of
Management Accountants (IMA), provided that they pass a rigorous examination, and
meet the necessary educational and practical experience requirements. Due to their
non-statutory status in the United States, CMAs in that country generally provide their
services directly to their employers rather than to the public. American CMAs may
also provide services to the public, but do so to a much lesser extent than a Certified
Public Accountant (CPA).
In the United States, the CMA credentials differ significantly from the CPA
designation. More than 80% of accounting professionals in the U.S. work within
organizations, building quality financial practices into the organization through
decision support, planning, and control over the organization’s value-creating
operations. For these managerial finance and accounting professionals, the CMA may
be more appropriate as a best selection. Many professional accountants hold both
CPA and CMA designations.
The profession of accounting in Canada also includes a Certified Management
Accountant (CMA) designation. Canadian CMAs belong to the Society of
Management Accountants of Canada. A similar title, Chartered Management
Accountant, exists in the United Kingdom and is awarded to members of the
Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. Other professional organizations
which specialize in management accounting include the Institute of Cost and Works
Accountants of India , Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan.
In order to earn the CMA designation in Canada, Australia, or the United States, an
accountant must have mastered a comprehensive body of knowledge by
demonstrating six key skill levels -- knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis,
synthesis, and evaluation -- in the following areas:
 Business Analysis (economics, internal controls, quantitative methods, financial
statement analysis)
 Management Accounting and Reporting (budget preparation, cost
management, performance measurement, external financial reporting)
 Strategic Management (strategic planning, corporate finance, decision analysis,
investment decision analysis)
 Business Applications (the entire above, plus organization management,
behavioral issues, ethical considerations) .
4. CIA: - Certified Internal Auditor: -
The CIA is the primary professional designation offered by The IIA. The CIA
designation is a globally recognized certification for internal auditors and is a standard
by which individuals may demonstrate their competency and professionalism in the
internal audit field. In order to earn the CIA, one must possess a U.S. college degree
or equivalent academic qualification from another country (work experience cannot
be substituted for the degree), have a professional reference, pass a four-part exam
(exemptions may be secured from part four via other relevant professional
qualifications) , and complete 24 months in the internal audit profession.
Earning the CIA qualification is intended to demonstrate a professional knowledge of
the internal audit profession. CIAs are required to take continuing education courses.
Like the Chartered Certified Accountant (ACCA) qualification, and unlike local
qualifications such as Certified Public Accountant or Chartered Accountant, the CIA
is a global designation. These standards are expected to be obeyed globally by IIA
members, and by internal audit functions claiming to work to IIA standards, unless
local laws or regulations make it impossible.
5. CPA Certified Public Accountant (CPA)
Is the statutory title of qualified accountants in the United States who have passed the
Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination and have met additional state
education and experience requirements for certification as a CPA. In most U.S. states,
only CPAs who are licensed are able to provide to the public attestation (including
auditing) opinions on financial statements. The exceptions to this rule are Arizona,
Kansas, North Carolina and Ohio where, although the "CPA" designation is restricted,
the practice of auditing is not.
Many states have a lower tier of accountant qualification (below that of CPA), usually
entitled "Public Accountant" (with designators letters "PA"). However the majority of
states have closed the designation "Public Accountant" to new entrants, with only
about 10 states continuing to offer the designation. Many PAs belong to the National
Society of (Public) Accountants.
Many states prohibit the use of the designations "Certified Public Accountant" or
"Public Accountant" (or the abbreviations "CPA" or "PA") by a person who is not
certified as a CPA or PA in that state.[1] As a result, in many circumstances, an out-ofstate CPA is restricted from using the CPA designation or designators letters until a
license or certificate from that state is obtained.
5.1.
Certified Practicing Accountant (CPA)
Is the title used by members of the CPA Australia accountancy association.
Accountants practicing in Australia have the choice of becoming members of CPA
Australia (and hence becoming a CPA), joining the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of Australia (and becoming a Chartered Accountant or "CA") or the National Institute
of Accountants (and becoming a Professional National Accountant or "PNA").
6. Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)
Is an international professional designation offered by the CFA Institute of USA
(formerly known as AIMR) to financial analysts who complete a series of three
examinations. In order to become a "CFA Charterholder" candidates must pass all
three six-hour exams, having already completed either a bachelor's degree or four
years of professional work experience. CFA charter holders are also obligated to
adhere to a strict Code of Ethics and Standards governing their professional conduct.
7. Six Sigma
Is a business management strategy, originally developed by Motorola, that today
enjoys widespread application in many sectors of industry.
Six Sigma seeks to identify and remove the causes of defects and errors in
manufacturing and business processes.[1] It uses a set of quality management methods,
including statistical methods, and creates a special infrastructure of people within the
organization ("Black Belts" etc.) who are experts in these methods.[1] Each Six Sigma
project carried out within an organization follows a defined sequence of steps and has
quantified financial targets (cost reduction or profit increase).
8. PMP: - A project management plan
As defined in the PMBOK Guide Third Edition, is a formal, approved document that
defines how the project is executed, monitored and controlled. It may be summary or
detailed and may be composed of one or more subsidiary management plans and other
planning documents. The objective of a project management plan is to define the
approach to be used by the Project team to deliver the intended project management
scope of the project.
The project manager creates the project management plan following input from the
project team and key stakeholders. The plan should be agreed and approved by at
least the project team and its key stakeholders.
8.1.
Project Management Professional
Is properly expressed as the credential PMP. The credentialing agency is the Project
Management Institute ([1] PMI). This credential is obtained by gaining a certification
in project management through the completion of PMI-certified training and
examination. PMP training and examination material comes from the Guide to the
Project Management Body of Knowledge (or PMBOK), the Fourth Edition of which
was published in December 2008. Most exam questions relate to PMI's project quality
standards, which are documented in the PMBOK. The PMP credential undergoes
rigorous validation by ISO, and the PMBOK guide is widely regarded as the industry
standard for Project Management. It has been adopted as the single standard for
project management by agencies such as NASA.
PMP (Project Management Professional) is one of five concentrations offered by PMI
in the study of Project Management:
8.1.1.CAPM Certified Associate in Project Management:
This certification is obtained after passing the CAPM Exam
8.1.2.PMP Project Management Professional:
This certification is obtained after passing the PMP Exam
8.1.3.PgMP Program Management Professional:
This certification is obtained after passing the PgMP Exam
8.1.4. PMI RMP PMI Risk Management Professional:
This certification is obtained after passing the PMI-RMP Exam
8.1.5. PMI SP PMI Scheduling Professional:
This certification is obtained after passing the PMI-SP Exam.
9. Incoterms or international commercial terms
Are a series of international sales terms widely used throughout the world. They are
used to divide transaction costs and responsibilities between buyer and seller and
reflect state-of-the- art transportation practices. They closely correspond to the U.N.
Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods.
9.1.
International commercial law
Is the body of law that governs international sale transactions.[1] A transaction will
qualify to be international if elements of more than one country are involved.[2]
Since World War II international trade has grown extensively, seeing the increasing
importance of international commercial law. It plays a vital role in world
development, particularly through the integration of world markets.
Recently, International Commerce law has played a role in many new market fraud
cases. A prime example is Fortune Power LLC. a group that is owned by Anson Ye, a
one man company, that is currently under investigation by the Chinese Interior
Ministry for one of the first major counts of International Fraud in China to reach
local news in New York. It is expected to reach a point where Mr. Ye and his wife
will be arrested and sent to jail eventually to set an example to other would be
fraudsters in China.
Lex mercatoria refers to that part of international commercial law which is unwritten,
including customary commercial law; customary rules of evidence and procedure; and
general principles of commercial law.
9.2.
International commercial contracts
Are sale transaction agreements made between parties from different countries.
The methods of entering the foreign market with choice made balancing costs, control
and risk, include:

Export directly.

Use of foreign agent to sell and distribute.

Use of foreign distributor to on-sell to local customers.
 Manufacture products in the foreign country by either setting up business or by
acquiring a foreign subsidiary

License to a local producer.

Enter into a joint venture with a foreign entity.

Appoint a franchisee in the foreign country.
10.
Human resources
Is a term with which some organizations describe the combination of traditionally
administrative personnel functions with performance, Employee Relations and
resource planning. The field draws upon concepts developed in Industrial/Organiza
tional Psychology. Human resources has at least two related interpretations depending
on context. The original usage derives from political economy and economics, where
it was traditionally called labor, one of four factors of production. The more common
usage within corporations and businesses refers to the individuals within the firm, and
to the portion of the firm's organization that deals with hiring, firing, training, and
other personnel issues. This article addresses both definitions.
The objective of human resources is to maximize the return on investment from the
organization' s human capital and minimize financial risk. It is the responsibility of
human resource managers to conduct these activities in an effective, legal, fair, and
consistent manner.
10.1.
Human resource management

Serves these key functions:

Selection

Training and Development

Performance Evaluation and Management

Promotions

Redundancy

Industrial and Employee Relations

Record keeping of all personal data.

Compensation, pensions, bonuses etc in liaison with Payroll

Confidential advice to internal 'customers' in relation to problems at work

Career development
Modern analysis emphasizes that human beings are not "commodities" or "resources",
but are creative and social beings in a productive enterprise. The 2000 revision of ISO
9001 in contrast requires to identify the processes, their sequence and interaction, and
to define and communicate responsibilities and authorities. In general, heavily
unionized nations such as France and Germany have adopted and encouraged such job
descriptions especially within trade unions. One view of this trend is that a strong
social consensus on political economy and a good social welfare system facilitates
labor mobility and tends to make the entire economy more productive, as labor can
move from one enterprise to another with little controversy or difficulty in adapting.
An important controversy regarding labor mobility illustrates the broader
philosophical issue with usage of the phrase "human resources": governments of
developing nations often regard developed nations that encourage immigration or
"guest workers" as appropriating human capital that is rightfully part of the
developing nation and required to further its growth as a civilization. They argue that
this appropriation is similar to colonial commodity fiat wherein a colonizing
European power would define an arbitrary price for natural resources, extracting
which diminished national natural capital.
The debate regarding "human resources" versus human capital thus in many ways
echoes the debate regarding natural resources versus natural capital. Over time the
United Nations have come to more generally support the developing nations' point of
view, and have requested significant offsetting "foreign aid" contributions so that a
developing nation losing human capital does not lose the capacity to continue to train
new people in trades, professions, and the arts.
An extreme version of this view is that historical inequities such as African slavery
must be compensated by current developed nations, which benefited from stolen
"human resources" as they were developing. This is an extremely controversial view,
but it echoes the general theme of converting human capital to "human resources" and
thus greatly diminishing its value to the host society, i.e. "Africa", as it is put to
narrow imitative use as "labor" in the using society.
In a series of reports of the UN Secretary-General to the General Assembly over the
last decade [e.g. A/56/162 (2001)], a broad inter sect oral approach to developing
human resourcefulness has been outlined as a priority for socio-economic
development and particularly anti-poverty strategies. This calls for strategic and
integrated public policies, for example in education, health, and employment sectors
that promote occupational skills, knowledge and performance enhancement.
In the very narrow context of corporate "human resources", there is a contrasting pull
to reflect and require workplace diversity that echoes the diversity of a global
customer base. Foreign language and culture skills, ingenuity, humor, and careful
listening, are examples of traits that such programs typically require. It would appear
that these evidence a general shift to the human capital point of view, and an
acknowledgment that human beings do contribute much more to a productive
enterprise than "work": they bring their character, their ethics, their creativity, their
social connections, and in some cases even their pets and children, and alter the
character of a workplace. The term corporate culture is used to characterize such
processes.
The traditional but extremely narrow context of hiring, firing, and job description is
considered a 20th century anachronism. Most corporate organizations that compete in
the modern global economy have adopted a view of human capital that mirrors the
modern consensus as above. Some of these, in turn, deprecate the term "human
resources" as useless.
In general the abstractions of macro-economics treat it this way - as it characterizes no
mechanisms to represent choice or ingenuity. So one interpretation is that "firmspecific human capital" as defined in macro-economics is the modern and correct
definition of "human resources" - and that this is inadequate to represent the
contributions of "human resources" in any modern theory of political economy.
10.2.
Human resource development
In terms of sex and selection it is important to consider carrying out a thorough job
analysis to determine the level of skills/technical abilities, competencies, flexibility of
the employee required etc. At this point it is important to consider both the internal
and external factors that can have an effect on the recruitment of employees. The
external factors are those out-with the powers of the organization and include issues
such as current and future trends of the labor market e.g. skills, education level,
government investment into industries etc. On the other hand internal influences are
easier to control, predict and monitor, for example management styles or even the
organizational culture.
In order to know the business environment in which any organization operates, three
major trends should be considered:
Demographics – the characteristics of a population/workforc e, for example, age,
gender or social class. This type of trend may have an effect in relation to pension
offerings, insurance packages etc.
Diversity – the variation within the population/workplac e. Changes in society now
mean that a larger proportion of organizations are made up of "baby-boomers" or
older employees in comparison to thirty years ago. Traditional advocates of
"workplace diversity" simply advocate an employee base that is a mirror reflection of
the make-up of society insofar as race, gender, sexual orientation, etc.
Skills and qualifications – as industries move from manual to a more managerial
professions so does the need for more highly skilled graduates. If the market is "tight"
(i.e. not enough staff for the jobs), employers will have to compete for employees by
offering financial rewards, community investment, etc.
In regard to how individuals respond to the changes in a labour market the following
should be understood:
Geographical spread – how far is the job from the individual? The distance to travel to
work should be in line with the pay offered by the organization and the transportation
and infrastructure of the area will also be an influencing factor in deciding who will
apply for a post.
Occupational structure – the norms and values of the different careers within an
organization. Mahoney 1989 developed 3 different types of occupational structure
namely craft (loyalty to the profession), organization career (promotion through the
firm) and unstructured (lower/unskilled workers who work when needed).
Generational difference –different age categories of employees have certain
characteristics, for example their behavior and their expectations of the organization.
While recruitment methods are wide and varied, it is important that the job is
described correctly and that any personal specifications are stated. Job recruitment
methods can be through job centers, employment agencies/consultant s, headhunting,
and local/national newspapers. It is important that the correct media is chosen to
ensure an appropriate response to the advertised post.
Human Resources Development is a framework for the expansion of human capital
within an organization. Human Resources Development is a combination of Training
and Education that ensures the continual improvement and growth of both the
individual and the organization. Adam Smith states,” The capacities of individuals
depended on their access to education”. Kelly D, 2001 Human Resources
Development is the medium that drives the process between training and learning.
Human Resources Development is not a defined object, but a series of organized
processes, “with a specific learning objective” (Nadler,1984) Human Resources
Development is the structure that allows for individual development, potentially
satisfying the organization’s goals. The development of the individual will benefit
both the individual and the organization. The Human Resources Development
framework views employees, as an asset to the enterprise whose value will be
enhanced by development, “Its primary focus is on growth and employee
development…it emphasizes developing individual potential and skills” (Elwood,
olton and Trott 1996) Human Resources Development can be in-room group training,
tertiary or vocational courses or mentoring and coaching by senior employees with the
aim for a desired outcome that will develop the individual’s performance. A
successful Human Resources Development program will prepare the individual to
undertake a higher level of work, “organized learning over a given period of time, to
provide the possibility of performance change” (Nadler 1984). Human Resources
Development is the framework that focuses on the organizations competencies at the
first stage, training, and then developing the employee, through education, to satisfy
the organizations long-term needs and the individuals’ career goals and employee
value to their present and future employers. Human Resources Development can be
defined simply as developing the most important section of any business its human
resource by, “attaining or upgrading the skills and attitudes of employees at all levels
in order to maximize the effectiveness of the enterprise” (Kelly 2001). The people
within an organization are its human resource. Human Resources Development from a
business perspective is not entirely focused on the individual’s growth and
development, “development occurs to enhance the organization' s value, not solely for
individual improvement. Individual education and development is a tool and a means
to an end, not the end goal itself”. (Elwood F. Holton II, James W. Trott Jr)
10.3.
Modern concept of human resources
Though human resources have been part of business and organizations since the first
days of agriculture, the modern concept of human resources began in reaction to the
efficiency focus of Taylorism in the early 1900s. By 1920, psychologists and
employment experts in the United States started the human relations movement,
which viewed workers in terms of their psychology and fit with companies, rather
than as interchangeable parts. This movement grew throughout the middle of the 20th
century, placing emphasis on how leadership, cohesion, and loyalty played important
roles in organizational success. Although this view was increasingly challenged by
more quantitatively rigorous and less "soft" management techniques in the 1960s and
beyond, human resources had gained a permanent role within an organization.
10.4.
HR Certification Institute
Overview
The HR Certification Institute offers four certifications for HR professionals:

PHR (Professional in Human Resources)

SPHR (Senior Professional in Human Resources)

GPHR (Global Professional in Human Resources)
 PHR-CA and SPHR-CA (PHR with state certification in California and
SPHR with state certification in California)
Certification is a voluntary action by a professional group to establish a system to
grant recognition to professionals who have met a stated level of training and work
experience. Certified individuals are usually issued a certificate attesting that they
have met the standards of the credentialing organization and are entitled to make the
public aware of their credentialed status, usually through the use of initials (i.e., PHR
or SPHR) after their names.
Certifications differ from certificate programs because certifications include an
experience component. Certificate programs, on the other hand, award certificates
once a course of study has been completed and do not require previous work
experience.
javascript:void( 0)Benefits
Want to learn more about the benefits of achieving your HR certification? View the
video below to hear your fellow HR peers speak to the value of certification and how
they have benefited from their credentials.
You may also download our certification flier for detailed information on the HR
Certification Institute's certification exams.
10.5. EHRMA: - The Egyptian Human Resource
Management Association (EHRMA)
Is a non-governmental and not for profit body that is dedicated to the service of the
HR profession. It seeks to build awareness of the HR profession and to provide a
stimulating environment to enrich and develop it.
Preparation Courses
1. GMAT The Graduate Management Admission Test
(GMAT, pronounced G-mat) is a computer adaptive standardized test in the English
language for measuring aptitude to succeed academically in graduate business studies.
Business schools commonly use the test as one of many selection criteria for
admission into an MBA program. It is given at various locations around the world.
Throughout North America and in many international locations, the GMAT is
administered only via computer. In those international locations where an extensive
network of computers has not yet been established, the GMAT is offered either at
temporary computer-based testing centers on a limited schedule or as a paper-based
test (given once or twice a year) at local testing centers. As of 2007, the fee to take the
test is U.S. $250 worldwide.
2. The GRE Literature in English Test
Is a standardized test administered by the Educational Testing Service. It is intended
to evaluate applicants seeking admission to a graduate program in English Studies.
The test surveys a wide range of topics related to literature in English, but the focus is
on works long accepted as part of the canon. Because of this and other reasons, some
graduate programs do not require the test for applicants, as they are interested in
accepting students who wish to do research in areas that are not as prominently
evaluated by the subject test, such as women or minority writers, or literary theory.
Included in the group of programs not requiring the test are some of the most
prestigious, although other prominent programs continue to require it. One argument
for continuing to require the test is that there are often numerous applicants to a given
program with very high qualifications; the subject test offers admissions committees
one more factor in measuring student competency. At any rate, while there is no
longer broad consensus that everyone in English studies must be familiar with the
same set of literary works, few would argue that knowledge of traditionally canonized
texts could limit a student's ability to pursue English studies. Furthermore, most
programs, even those most engaged in the decent ring of the traditional canon, still
require broad coverage of areas, and the test may help reveal a student's overall
coverage.
The GRE Graduate Record Examination subject test
in mathematics
2.1.
Is a standardized test created by the Educational Testing Service, and is designed to
assess a candidate's potential for graduate or post-graduate study in the field of
mathematics. It contains questions from many fields of mathematics. About 50% of
the questions are on calculus (including multivariate calculus), 25% on linear algebra,
and 25% on a broad variety of other topics typically encountered in undergraduate
mathematics, such as abstract algebra, point-set topology, elementary number theory,
probability and statistics, as well as real and complex analysis.
This exam, like all the GRE subject tests, is paper-based, as opposed to the GRE
general test which is usually computer-based. It contains 66 questions, which are to be
answered within 2 hours and 15 minutes. Scores on this exam are taken seriously by
math PhD programs, as well as graduate programs. In fact, many universities have an
undisclosed minimum score for admission to their programs.
Prior to October 2001, a significant percentage of students were achieving perfect
scores on the exam, which made it difficult for competitive programs to differentiate
between students in the upper percentiles. So the test was reworked, made much more
difficult, and renamed "The Mathematics Subject Test (Rescaled)." It is now
considered by many to be among the hardest of the GRE subject exams. One
contributing factor to this is that there is a shortage of practice exams available, as the
test in its current format has only been around since 2001.
Tests take place each school season one Saturday in each of October, November, and
April. Registration for each season of testing begins in July.
3.
An Intelligence Quotient or IQ
Is a score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to
measure intelligence. The term "IQ," a calque of the German Intelligenz- Quotient,
was coined by the German psychologist William Stern in 1912 as a proposed method
of scoring early modern children's intelligence tests such as those developed by
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in the early 20th Century. Although the term "IQ"
is still in common use, the scoring of modern IQ tests such as the Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Scale is now based on a projection of the subject's measured rank on the
Gaussian bell curve with a center value (average IQ) of 100, and a standard deviation
of 15, although different tests may have different standard deviations.
IQ scores have been shown to be associated with such factors as morbidity and
mortality, parental social status, and to a substantial degree, parental IQ. While its
inheritance has been investigated for nearly a century, controversy remains as to how
much is inheritable, and the mechanisms of inheritance are still a matter of some
debate.
IQ scores are used in many contexts: as predictors of educational achievement or
special needs, by social scientists who study the distribution of IQ scores in
populations and the relationships between IQ score and other variables, and as
predictors of job performance and income.
The average IQ scores for many populations have been rising at an average rate of
three points per decade since the early 20th century with most of the increase in the
lower half of the IQ range: a phenomenon called the Flynn effect. It is disputed
whether these changes in scores reflect real changes in intellectual abilities, or merely
methodological problems with past or present testing.
4. Emotional Intelligence (EI), often measured as an
Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ)
Describes a concept that involves the ability, capacity, skill or (in the case of the trait
EI model) a self-perceived ability, to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of
one's self, of others, and of groups. Because it is a relatively new area of
psychological research, the definition of the concept is still being developed.
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (or TOEFL,
pronounced "toe-full")
5.
Evaluates the potential success of an individual to use and understand academic
English at a college level. It is required for non-native applicants at many Englishspeaking colleges and universities. Additionally, institutions such as government
agencies, businesses, or scholarship programs may require this test. A TOEFL score is
valid for two years and then is deleted from the official database. Colleges and
universities usually consider only the most recent TOEFL score.
The TOEFL test is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is
administered worldwide. The test was first administered in 1964 and has since been
taken by nearly 20 million students.
6. Test of English for International Communication
(TOEIC)
The Test of English for International Communication™ (TOEIC) is "an English
language test designed specifically to measure the everyday English skills of people
working in an international environment. "
It is a two-hour multiple-choice test consisting of 200 questions divided into 100
questions each in listening comprehension and reading comprehension. Each
candidate receives independent scores for written and oral comprehension on a scale
from 5 to 495 points. The total score adds up to a scale from 10 to 990 points. The
TOEIC certificate exists in five colours, corresponding to achieved results :
orange (10-215)
brown (220-465)
green (470-725)
blue (730-855)
gold (860-990)
7. IELTS 'International English Language Testing System
Is an international standardized test of English language proficiency. It is jointly
managed by University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, the British Council and
IDP Education Australia, and was established in 1989.
There are two versions of the IELTS: the Academic Version and the General
Training Version:
The Academic Version is intended for those who want to enroll in universities and
other institutions of higher education and for professionals such as medical doctors
and nurses who want to study or practice in an English-speaking country.
The General Training Version is intended for those planning to undertake nonacademic training or to gain work experience, or for immigration purposes.
It is generally acknowledged that the reading and writing tests for the Academic
Version are more difficult than those for the General Training Version, due to the
differences in the level of intellectual and academic rig our between the two versions.
IELTS is accepted by most Australian, British, Canadian, Irish, New Zealand and
South African academic institutions, over 2,000 academic institutions in the United
States, and various professional organizations. It is also a requirement for immigration
to Australia and Canada. This has been criticized in Canada, because the English
accents employed in the Listening section of the IELTS are far removed from typical
Canadian accents.
An IELTS result or Test Report Form (TRF - see below) is valid for two years.
In 2007, IELTS tested over a million candidates in a single 12-month period for the
first time ever, making it the world's most popular English language test for higher
education and immigration.
References

http://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/ Main_Page

Maaan2007 yahoo group message.

http://www.hrci. org/certificatio n/ov/

http://www.ehrma. net/