CELL THEORY
• PEOPLE WHO MADE DISCOVERIES
ABOUT SEEING CELLS & CELL
COMPONENTS
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
INVENTED THE HAND-HELD MICROSCOPE
ROBERT HOOKE
• CAME UP WITH THE TERM “CELLS”
• HE LOOKED AT CORK UNDER A
MICROSCOPE AND SAW CHAMBERS,
LIKE IN A MONASTARY
ARE
THESE
PLANT OR
ANIMAL
CELLS?
ROBERT BROWN
• NOTICED THAT CELLS HAVE A DARK
CENTER
• Think of Tootsie Pops!
• WHAT WAS THIS?
• THE NUCLEUS!
MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN
• BOTANIST, PLANTS ARE
AGGREGATES OF INDEPENDENT,
SEPARATE BEINGS. (cells)
• THEY ARE MADE OF CELLS!
THEODORE SCHWANN
• ANIMALS ARE MADE FROM CELLS!
• NO KIDDING!
RUDOLF VIRCHOW
• ANIMALS COME FROM ANIMALS
• PLANTS COME FROM PLANTS
• ALL CELLS ARISE FROM CELLS
SCHLEIDEN, SCHWANN &
VIRCHOW
• THEY ALL CONTRIBUTED TO WHAT
WE CALL “CELL THEORY”
• A. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF
____
• B. _______ ARE THE BASIC UNIT OF
STRUCTURE/FUNCTION IN
ORGANISMS
• C. _____ COME FROM PRE-EXISTING
______
CELL STRUCTURE
• 4 MAIN COMPONENTS
• 1. CELL MEMBRANE
– PLANTS-ALSO HAVE A CELL WALL
• 2. NUCLEUS-Eukaryote
• 3. CYTOPLASM- interior gel-like texture
• 4. CYTOSKELETON-rigid exterior
ORGANELLES OF ANIMAL CELLS
http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp04/0402001.html
ORGANELLES OF PLANT CELLS
NUCLEUS
nucleus magnified
CELL CYTOPLASM
Where Organelles are in the cell
CELL MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID
STRUCTURE
http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/Life/memb.htm
LOVES WATER! ♥
AVOIDS WATER!
CELL MEMBRANE
Cytoskeleton
Exterior layer
3 Types of cytoskeletal structure
• Microtubules example
centrioles help with moving
chromosomes & organelles
• Actin filament/aka
microfilaments help with cell’s
motion, Ex. Muscle cell
movement can slide.
• Intermediate filaments cells
rigid shape
Cell Surface Area to Volume Ratio
• Sizes of various cells
• http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.html
• Surface area to volume ratio is key
• As cell volume increases, cell surface area can
not keep up. Therefore, there is a limit to cell
size.
Cell Surface to Volume Ratio
Levels of Organization in
Organisms
• Organ System
• Organ-Organized tissues
• Tissue- Layers of cells
that perform a function
• Cell
• DNA
• Atoms