Entomology:
1. Culex adult female
a. Identify giving 2 reasons.
b. Name 2 diseases transmitted by this.
a. Palpi are smaller than the proboscis. Unspotted wings. Non hairy palpi.
b. Filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis and Viral arthritis.
2. ADULT ANOPHELES FEMALE
a) Identify giving 2 reasons.
Spotted wings. Long palpi. Both proboscis and palpi of equal length. Palpi pointed.
b) Enumerate 2 anti-adult control measures.
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Residual sprays – DDT.
Space sprays – pyrethrum extract.
Genetic control measures.
Personal protection measures.
3. Rat Flea
a) Identify giving 2 reasons.
 Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen.
 Head: conical in shape. No neck. Head bears short, piercing mouth parts.
 Thorax: three segments prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax. Three pairs of
strong legs, attached to the thorax.
 No wings
 Abdomen: consists of 10 segments.
b) Name 2 diseases transmitted.
- Plague(Bubonic plague)
- Endemic typhus,
- Chiggerosis
- Hymenolepis diminuta
4. Sand Fly
a. Identify giving 2 reasons.
Smaller than mosquito, antennae long and filamented, lanceolate wings, very
long 3 pairs and second vein of the wing divides twice.
b. Name 2 diseases transmitted by this.
Kala azar ( L.donovani) through bite, sandfly fever through wound contamination
with virus in saliva, Oriental sore( Leishmania tropica) through bite.
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5. HEAD LOUSE
a) Identify giving at least 2 reasons
 Head louse – body contains head, thorax and abdomen and flattened dorso-ventrally.
(1) Head: pointed in front and bears a pair of 5-jointed antennae. Mouth parts adapted
for sucking blood.
(2) Thorax: The thorax is a fused mass and is square shaped. 3 pairs of legs attached. The
legs are strongly developed and are provided with claws which help the insect to cling to
the hair and clothing.
(3) Abdomen: The abdomen is elongated and consists of 9 segments
b) Name two diseases transmitted
 Epidemic typhus
 Relapsing fever
Nutrition:
1. PARBOILED RICE
a) Briefly describe the process of parboiling.
Soaking the paddy (unhusked rice) in hot water at 65 to 70 deg C for 3 to 4 hours 
draining of water and steaming the soaked paddy in the same container for 5 to 10
minutes paddy is then dried.
b) Mention the advantages of parboiling.
 Parboiled rice is a better source of fiber, calcium, potassium and vitamin B-6.
 Rice becomes resistant to insect invasion and more suitable for storage.
2. Milled Rice
a. What is the nutritive value? 345 Kcal of energy, 6.8 g protein, 0.5 g fat
b. Mentioned 2 disadvantages of “milling” of rice.
 Deprives the rice of valuable nutritive elements like thiamine, riboflavin,
protein.
 Poor nutritive value

Prone to development of beriberi on prolonged consumption
3. Ragi
a. What are the important minerals present in this?
Ragi is rich in Calcium and Iron
b.
Write the caloric value:
328 kcal per 100gm.
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4. EGG
a) What is reference protein?
It is best quality protein which contains all the essential amino acids. (Egg)
Reference Protein is one which is used with 100% efficiency at whatever level it is
fed in the diet.
b) What is the nutritive value?
For an egg weighing 60 grams
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Protein – 6 g, Fat – 6g, Calcium – 30 g
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Calorific value is 70 KCal
Egg is a source of all the B vitamins, particularly rich s ource of vitamins B12 and
riboflavin (vitamin B2), a useful source of folate.
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Egg is also a good source of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E.
5. Green Leafy Vegetables
a. Mention 2 advantages of inclusion of green leafy vegetables in diet.
 Adds to the bulk of stools and prevents constipation
 Helps lowering the triglycerides and glucose levels in the blood
 Lowers the risk of colon cancer
 Calcium helps to protect against osteoporosis
b. Name 2 micronutrients it is rich in:
Carotene, calcium, calcium, iron and Vitamin C
6. Ground Nut
a) What is the Caloric Value of this foodstuff?
567 KCal/ 100 gm, 90 mg of Calcium, 2.5 mg of Iron
b) Mention the public health importance of this foodstuff.
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Groundnut is used in the preparation of Low cost Nutritious foods like Indian
Multipurpose Food, Balahar and Balanced Malt food.
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Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by certain fungi, Aspergillus flavus
which can infest groundnut.
7. Milk
a. Name 2 nutrients deficient in milk. :
Iron and Vitamin C
b. Name 2 methods used for pasteurization of milk.
Holder method, HTST method, UHT method.
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Family Planning:
1. Condom
a) Mention the failure rate of this spotter.
2-3 per HWY upto more than 14 in typical users
b) What are the non-contraceptive uses of this device?
Prevention of STDs, HIV
1. Cu T
a) Write the Mechanism of action
IUD causes a foreign body reaction in the uterus causing cellular and biochemical changes in
the endometrium and uterine fluids. Copper seems to enhance the cellular response in the
endometrium, copper ions may affect sperm motility, capacitating and survival.
b) Write 2 criteria of an ideal IUD candidate.
Who has borne at least one child
Has no history of pelvic disease
Has normal menstrual periods
Is willing to check the IUD tail
Is in a monogamous relationship
5. OCP- Oral Contraceptive Pills
a) Write the mechanism of action of these pills?
Prevent the release of the ovum from the ovary by blocking the pituitary secretion of
gonadotropin essential for ovulation. Prevents entry of sperms by making cervical secretions
thick.
b) Enumerate
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any 2 side effects of these pills.
Breast Tenderness
Weight Gain
Headache and Migraine
Bleeding disturbances
Cardiovascular complications
Liver disorders
6. E-pill
a. Mention the indications for E-pill (atleast 2)
 To prevent accidental pregnancy as a result in unprotected sexual
intercourse
 Rape
 Contraceptive failure
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b. What is the schedule for administration of the pills?
Used within 72 hours of unprotected sex and 2 nd tablet taken after 12 hours
of 1st dose.
Immunizing Agents:
1. BCG
a) Mention its schedule for vaccination & mode of administration.
 It is given at birth or as early as possible till one year of age.
 Mode of administration is intra-dermal
b) Mention 2 adverse effects following administration of this vaccine
1. Prolonged severe ulceration at the site of vaccination
2. Suppurative lymphadenitis
3.Osteomyelitis
4. Disseminated BCG infection
5. Death
2. OPV
a) Write primary immunization schedule of this vaccine under Universal Immunization
Programme
At birth, 6, 10 and 14 weeks of birth
b) Write 2 differences between OPV and IPV.
IPV
Killed formolised virus
Subcutaneous or IM
Induces humoral immunity
Does not prevent intestinal reinfection
Not useful in epidemics
Difficult to manufacture
Costlier
Longer shelf life and no strigent storage
required
OPV
Live attenuated virus
Oral
Both humoral and local (intestinal)
Prevents intestinal reinfection
Can be used to control epidemics
Easy to manufacture
Cheaper
Requires stringent storage
3. Measles
a) Mention the schedule for vaccination & mode of administration.
Schedule: 9 months, Booster at 16-24 months
Mode of administration:
Subcutaneous
b) Mention the storage temperature & diluent used.
Storage temperature: 2-8 degree C
Diluent used: Sterile distilled water
4. DDT
a. What is the active ingredient present in this?
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Dichloro-diphenyl, tri chloro ethane.
b. What is the mode of action & mention its uses.
 Contact Poison acts on the nervous system of insects.
 Used as a residual spray, as a dust for the control of mosquito, lice, fleas and
ticks
5. TT
a. Write the route of administration and dosage among pregnant women
Intramuscular. Two doses one month apart for pregnant women, or booster dose if
previously
b. Mention the temperature for storage in ILR.
+2 – +80 C
6. Rabipur
a. Mention the route and site of administration of this vaccine.
Intramuscular injection of 1ml or 0.5ml into the deltoid muscle with 5 dose
regimen 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days
b. Write the dosage & schedule of intradermal regimen followed.
Intradermal regimen is a two-site regimen and prescribes injection of 0.1 ml at 2
sites on days 0, 3, 7 and 28.
7. Vitamin A solution
a. What is the dose, route of administration of schedule of administration?
Dose: 1 ml (1 lakh IU) for children less than 1 year and 2 ml (2 lakh IU) children
aged >1 yr.
Route of administration : oral
Schedule: 9 months, 1 ½ years, every 6 months till 5 years of age.
b. What is the condition caused due to deficiency of this vitamin called?
Night blindness, xerophthalmia
8. Ice pack
a. How many ice packs are there in one vaccine carrier?
4 ice packs
b. Which cold chain equipment is used for preparing ice packs?
Deep freezer
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Insecticides and Disinfectants:
1. DETTOL
a) What are the uses of this spotter?
It is used as a disinfectant. To clean wounds.
b) What is the minimum contact period?
15 minutes
2. Phenol
a) What is the composition?
Carbolic acid
Crude phenol – phenol and cresol
b) What concentration you use for disinfecting faeces? 10% or more
3. Bleaching Powder
a. What is its mode of action?
When chlorine is added to water, there is formation of hydrochloric and
hypochlorus acids. Disinfecting action is mainly due to the hypochlorus acid, and
to a small extent due to hypochlorite ions
b. Enumerate 2 uses.
Disinfection of Water, Urine and Faeces. During epidemics for disinfection of wells
4. Paris Green
a. What type of insecticide is this?
Stomach poison
b. What percentage should be used for spray activity? Which stage of mosquito is it
effect against?
2% dust sprayed once every week. Acts against the larval stage of mosquito
Public Health Drugs:
1. Cat I DOTS regimen box
a) Mention the type of cases treated under Category I RNTCP DOTS regimen.
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New sputum smear-positive
New Sputum smear-negative
New Extra-pulmonary
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b) Mention 2 side effects of Rifampicin
1. Hepatotoxicity
2. Influenza like illness
3. Thrombocytopenia
4. Gastritis
5. Purpura
6. Nephrotoxicity
2. ORS Sachet
a) Write the process of preparation of oral Rehydration Solution?
Homemade ORS
 One (1) level teaspoon of Salt + Six (6) level teaspoons of Sugar  dissolved in One
(1) Litre of clean drinking or boiled water and then stir properly.
Commercially available ORS
 Empty the whole contents in one (1) litre of drinking water. The solution should be
made fresh daily and used within 24 hours. After preparing, the solution should not
be boiled or sterilized
b) Write recommended home fluids for rehydration?
Rice and dal water, soup, green coconut water and weak tea. 3g/lit amount of salt
has to be added to unsalted home fluids.
3. MDT- Leprosy
a. Write 2 differences between Multi &Pauci bacillary Leprosy
Multi bacillary leprosy
Pauci-bacillary leprosy
More than six skin lesions
1-5 skin lesions
Includes Polar Lepromatous, borderline
Includes Indeterminate, polar tuberculoid
lepromatous and mid borderline cases
and borderline tuberculoid cases
Treatment for 12 months
Treatment for 6 months
b) Mention the drugs & dosage in Multibacillary Leprosy
Rifampicin 600 mg once monthly, Dapsone 100 mg daily, Clofazimine 300 mg once monthl y
and 50mg daily for 12 months, to be consumed within 18 months.
4.ORS
a. Mention the composition of low osmolality ORS.
In grams/lt
 Sodium chloride - 2.6 g/lt
 Glucose – 13.5
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Potassium chloride – 1.5
Trisodium citrate, dehydrate – 2.9
In mmol/litre

Sodium - 75
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 Chloride – 65
 Glucose – 75
 Potassium – 20
 Citrate – 10
 Total - 245
b. Write recommended home fluids for rehydration.
Sugar and salt solution, Rice and dal water, soup, green coconut water and weak
tea. 3g/lit amount of salt has to be added to unsalted home fluids.
5. IFA tablets
a. What is the adult dose of Iron?
100 mg elemental iron (300 mg ferrous sulphate)
b. What is the minimum number of IFA tablets a woman has to consume during
Antenatal period?
100 days
Growth Chart
a. Identify – Growth Chart
b. Give 2 uses of this spotter.
 Growth monitoring
 Diagnostic
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Planning and policy making
Educational tool
Evaluation
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Tool for action
Tool for teaching
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