Cognitive radio technology
and GENI project
Ivan Seskar
WINLAB
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
www.winlab.rutgers.edu
Contact: seskar (at) winlab (dot) rutgers (dot) edu
ORBIT Cognitive “Capable” Platforms
USRP
USRP2
RICE WARP Platform
GENI CRKit
U. Of Colorado
WINLAB WINC2R System
WINLAB
Cognitive Experiments at Scale


ORBIT radio grid testbed currently supports ~22/USRP and
USRP2 (GNU) radios, 100 low-cost spectrum sensors, WARP
and GENI platforms
Plan to reach ~64 cognitive radio nodes (Q242011)
Suburban
ORBIT Radio Grid
20 meters
500 meters
Office
Urban
Current ORBIT sandbox with GNU radio
30 meters
300 meters
Radio Mapping Concept for ORBIT Emulator
400-node Radio Grid Facility at WINLAB Tech Center
Programmable
ORBIT radio node
URSP
CR board
WINLAB
Cognitive Radio Kit (CR Kit)
Open Source Platform

Range of COTS baseband
FPGA platforms



Standard interfaces:



GENI CR Kit

1000 BaseT, (SFP)
USB
(8x PCIExpress)
4 (2) configurable radio
modules (phased or smart
antenna capable):




Medium size (LX50)
Large size (SX95)
SDR – 25 MHz, ISM
WDR – 25 MHz, 0-7 GHz
XDR – 500 MHz, 0-7 GHz
Application framework
with support for both RTL
and Matlab (Simulink)
WINLAB
WDR RF Front-end (Curr: WDR v2.02)


One to four independent radio
modules on one (FPGA) processor.
Each module allows two up to 40
MHz bands from 100 to 7500 MHz
•
•
•
•
•
•




• 14 layer PCB with high-frequency 5.5 mil
thick NELCO N4000-13 material
• 6000 part footprints with more than
4800 parts

12 bit ADC sampling up to 80MSps
on both I and Q rails.
NF = 6dB, optional external LNA for
customized applications.
70dB of RX gain control.
14 bit DAC sampling upto 200MSps
on both I and Q rails.
+20dBm TX output power with fast
gain control.
60 dB of TX gain control
Supports full duplex operation.
1 usec RF frequency switching time
Switched antenna diversity for both
TX and RX channels
Comprehensive reference clock
selection or generation with
internal, external or digitally
derived sample clocks.
Extensive built-in-test for
monitoring system status and
health (including loopback).
WINLAB
CR Kit Framework
Features

Fully functional FPGA
development platform
with pluggable user
applications.

Two environments:
MATLAB/Simulink or
VHDL/Verilog/BlueSpec

Communication with
host using GbE links

Streamlined FPGA
building process e.g.
“HW design made-easy”
using MATLAB/Simulink
and build scripts.
WINLAB
CR Kit User Applications
APP subsystem:




Build App as separate
entity in MATLAB/Simulink,
then integrate into
Framework.
Integration of Tx and Rx
subsystems
Well-defined IO interfaces
between APP and
Framework.
Either develop own Tx/Rx
Apps, or select from
libraries
WINLAB
CRKit Future Plans

Conversion of waveform to more modular
form (BlueSpec)

Validation of waveform control across wideband front-end

Further development of basic
communication blocks (GENI Radio Library)

Multi-FPGA support and design partitioning

Wider GENI deployment
8
WINLAB
GENI

The Global Environment for Network
Innovations (GENI) is a nation-wide
infrastructure being designed, developed and
deployed to support experimental research in
network science and engineering.

Networks are broadly defined with multiple
layers of abstraction, from physical
substrates, through the architecture and
protocols, to networks of people,
organizations, and societies
GENI - htp://www.geni.net
WINLAB
GENI: Infrastructure For At-Scale
Experimentation
GENI - htp://www.geni.net
GENI-enabled
at-scale
infrastructure
Virtualized
Deeply programmable
Programmable & federated, with end-to-end virtualized
“slices”
Sensor Network
GENIenabled
at-scale
infrastructur
e
Mobile Wireless Network
Federated
International
Infrastructure
Edge Site
Heterogeneous,
and evolving over time via
spiral development
WINLAB
GENI: Spiral Development
GENI grows through a well-structured, adaptive process
Spiral Development Process
Re-evaluate goals and technologies yearly by a systematic
process, decide what to prototype and build next.
• GENI Spiral 3
Planning
Design
Use
Use
Early experiments, meso-scale build,
interoperable control frameworks,
ongoing integration, system designs
for security and instrumentation,
definition of identity management
plans.
• Envisioned ultimate goal
Integration
Build out
GENI Prototyping Plan
Example: Planning Group’s desired
GENI suite, probably trimmed some
ways and expanded others.
Incorporates large-scale distributed
computing resources, high-speed
backbone nodes, nationwide optical
networks, wireless & sensor nets, etc.
GENI - htp://www.geni.net
WINLAB
Spiral 3 Meso-scale Deployments
WINLAB
GENI Spiral 2: OpenFlow and
Backbone Connectivity
WINLAB
OpenFlow Switching
The Stanford Clean Slate Program htp://cleanslate.stanford.edu
OpenFlow
Switch
PC
Secure
Channel
Controller
SW
HW
Flow
Table
OpenFlow Switch
specification
WINLAB
Flow Table Entry OpenFlow Switch (ver. 8.9.0)
Rule
Action
Stats
Packet + byte counters
1.
2.
3.
4.
Switch MAC
Port
src
+ mask
MAC
dst
Forward packet to port(s)
Encapsulate and forward to controller
Drop packet
Send to normal processing pipeline
Eth VLAN
type
ID
IP
Src
IP
Dst
IP
Prot
TCP TCP
sport dport
The Stanford Clean Slate Program htp://cleanslate.stanford.edu
WINLAB
OF Meso-scale Deployments: Rutgers
ION
WINLAB
Internet2 ION™
“Internet2 ION (Interoperable On-demand Network) is a revolutionary
new dynamic circuit network service that allows researchers and
network engineers alike to create dedicated, point-to-point circuits in
real time—or reserve them in advance.”
WINLAB
ION Connectivity Example
18
WINLAB
ION Performance
60 sec. transfer size [MB]
6000
5775.36
5000
5519.36
4000
3317.76
3000
2918.4
2000
1331.2
1000
TCP
1228.8
665
UDP
638
333
325
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Dialed bandwidth [Mbps]
WINLAB
GENI Spiral 3: WiMAX
WINLAB
WiMAX Meso-scale Deployments
WINLAB
WiMAX Kit: Architecture
Cons-wm-02
eth2
10.0.102.2
Outside
Network
Internal
Network
eth0
Outside
World
Outside Bus (Trunk)
vBTS Substrate
eth1
VM Bus (Trunk)
Cons-wm-03
eth2
10.0.102.3
eth0
ASN Substrate
10.3.0.73
eth1
Instrumentation
Network
Base Station (BTS)
eth1
10.3.0.61
WINLAB
WiMAX Kit NEC Basestation
vBTS
ASN-GW
BTS
23
WINLAB
WiMAX Kit ASN Gateway
vBTS
ASN-GW
BTS
24
WINLAB
WiMAX Kit Virtual BS (vBS)
vBTS
ASN-GW
BTS
25
WINLAB
WiMAX Coverage
@NYU (Brooklyn Poly)
Measured
RSSI
Connectivity
@WINLAB
WINLAB
Efforts Around the World!
ETRI
G-LAB
FIRE
JGN2plus
China
Brazil
NICTA
The GENI project is actively collaborating with peer
efforts outside the US, based on equality and arising
from direct, “researcher to researcher”
collaborations.
GENI - htp://www.geni.net
WINLAB
More Info @
www.geni.net
wimax.orbit-lab.org
www.openflowswitch.org
http://www.internet2.edu/ion
crkit.orbit-lab.org
WINLAB