EU and the world
current challenges
1. Scenario
Luca Verzichelli
GGCD – EM-TAM
Traditional notion of conditionality
The old concept of Conditionality refers to the
theories of traditional diplomatic relations: a set of
normative principles to be imposed before starting any
negotiate
After WWII the term was employed by growing Gos
(IMF, WB) with respect to financial transactions to be
solved by a negotiate. For instance: transparency
measures imposed to start a commercial agreement.
After the fiscal crisis of the state measures of
conditionality have been also introduced by GOs (or
single countries) to introduce financial aid or debt relief
policies.
Conditionality as a policy for EU (Abusara 2009)
• the exercise of policy instruments by one party to secure
compliance and shape the actions of another party
• Conditionality is mutual arrangement by which a government
takes, or promises to take, certain policy actions in support of
which an international institution will provide amounts of
assistance – usually financial or technical (Checkel)
• Ex ante and ex post conditionality
• After 1989 policy plans (accession negotiation) including
conditionality
• Typical area of conditionality: Human Rights
(Turkey)
• Special cases: CCE countries: conditionality
applies to administrative and local governance
Internal challenges
After Lisbon
• Enlargement fatigue in the EU and domestic problems in
remaining accession countries (legacies of ethnopolitical
conflict, governance)
• Persisting problems with bi-lateral relations(Cyprus,
Serbia, Turkey …)
• Eurocrisis and the problem of legitimacy
 Euroskepticism: new and old
 A European ruling class?
An external action from what EU? The impact of Brexit
on EU foreign relations
Popular disenchantment: empty institutions?
Growing problems with
different “EU borders”
- Russia
-Turkey
- Mediterranean sea
- Other European countries
External challenges
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Integration challenges
Immigration
Peace keeping
International trade
Quality of democracy
What’s next
• Read the document from the Commission and
select the main points
• Focus on specific case studies to explore the
current agenda of the external action of the
EU