Open and Connected
Darlene Redmond
Open Access Week, 2013
Today’s Presentation
• DEFINE OPEN
• DEFINE CONNECTED
• DEFINE A LEARNING SOCIETY
Open
Educational
Resource
Open Access
Open License
Open Registration
Open Content
Open Format
Open University
Open Software
Massive Open Online…
Open Educational Resources
Open Educational Resources
Learning materials freely shared with
permissions to engage in the 4Rs …
• Reuse
• Redistribute
• Revise
• Remix
cc-licenses-terms
Open Education -Type X
And the BIG one…
Image credit: Stefanie Panke
Two Types of MOOCs…
Two Types of Education
cMOOCs
xMOOCs
Distributed
Network (connections)
Peer focused
Platform
Linear
Academic focused
Credit: Martin Weller
Trends in Learning
• Many learners will move into a variety of different, possibly
unrelated fields over the course of their lifetime.
• Informal learning is a significant aspect of our learning
experience.
• Learning is a continual process, lasting for a lifetime..
• Technology is altering (rewiring) our brains.
• The organization and the individual are both learning
organisms.
• Many of the processes previously handled by learning
theories (especially in cognitive information processing) can
now be off-loaded to, or supported by, technology.
• Know-how and know-what is being supplemented with knowwhere
Connectivist Learning
1. Learning and knowledge rest in diversity of
opinions.
2. Learning is a process of connecting
information sources.
3. Learning may reside in non-human
appliances.
4. Capacity to know more is more critical than
what is currently known
5. Nurturing and maintaining connections is
needed to facilitate continual learning.
Connectivist Learning
6. The ability to see connections (between
fields, ideas, and concepts) is a core skill.
7. Currency (accurate, up-to-date knowledge)
is the intent of all connectivist learning
activities.
8. Decision-making is itself a learning process.
The right answer today, may be wrong
tomorrow due to changes in the information
climate.
Open Education – Type C
Really open education is more than just
free programs or resources.
Open education seeks to remove all
unnecessary barriers to learning while
aiming to provide students with a
reasonable chance of success in an
education and training system centered on
their specific needs.
What does that look like?
• Responsiveness to learners and
communities
• An open door policy
• Prior learning assessment and recognition
• Portfolio based assessment
• Student support centers
• Competency-based curriculum
"...community colleges are situated
best among all institutions of higher
education to open education to the
lifelong, autonomous learner."
Sean Michael Morris
A Manifesto for Community Colleges,
Lifelong Learning, and Autodidacts
Open Education
(courses)
Open Educational
Resources
Openly licensed educational materials have
tremendous potential to contribute to
improving the quality and effectiveness of
education.
They can be used to improve the teaching
and learning environment while reducing
costs to the institution and to the student.
The Pros…
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Reduced costs
Increased access
Scalability (160,000 students!)
Active learning (remix, revise, reuse)
Enhanced methodologies
Quick customization and improvement
Collaboration
Support for lifelong learning
The Cons
• No centralized control
• Quality and maintenance issues
• Impact on human interaction (teacher to
student, student to student)
• Language barriers
• Technology issues
• Lack of a central authority
Towards a Learning Society…
The future is connected and collaborative.
"Whereas in the past learning was competitive, coercive
and paternalistic, the new ethic of learning is
collaborative, global and universal.
It is collaborative in that learners need to work with each
other. It is global in the sense that every society has a
contribution to make and a responsibility to each other.
And it is universal because every part of a society must
invest in learning and participate."
The Learning Society, Cisco Systems, 2010
Where do I find OERs?
Specialized OER search engines:
– Global Learning Objects Brokered Exchange
(GLOBE) Alliance
– Folksemantic
– DiscoverEd
– Creative Commons Search
– Open Courseware Consortium
Where do I find OERs?
Locate a suitable OER repository:
– OpenLearn
– MedEd PORTAL(medical focus).
– MIT OCW
– China Open Resources for Education (CORE)
– AgEcon (agricultural focus)
Where do I find OERs?
Use OER directory sites:
– OpenLearn
– OER Commons
– Commonwealth of Learning
– OER Africa
Where do I find MOOCs?
Sample listings
– MOOC List
– 625 Free MOOCs from Great Universities
A list of upcoming connectivist MOOCs
– Connectivist MOOCs
A list of lists…
– Moocs.co
Cảm ơn!
Thank You!
References
OER Africa. Understanding OER. http://www.oerafrica.org/understandingoer
Creative Commons. How can I license my work? http://creativecommons.org/
Creative Commons. What is OER? http://wiki.creativecommons.org/What_is_OER
Cisco Systems. 2010.The Learning Society. http://www.cisco.com/web/about/citizenship/socioeconomic/docs/LearningSociety_WhitePaper.pdf
NY Times. 2012. The Year of the MOOC.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/education/edlife/massive-open-online-courses-are-multiplyingat-a-rapid-pace.html?_r=0
Schilling, David. 2013. Knowledge Doubling Every 12 Months Soon to be Every 12 Hours.
http://www.industrytap.com/knowledge-doubling-every-12-months-soon-to-be-every-12-hours/3950
Siemens, George. 2004. Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital
Age. http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm
Weller, Martin. Understanding OERS in 10 Videos.
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWZ0HETZsWsN2h70E3MFCUQD1kh59wTxt