PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION STUDIES & BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF
PLANT Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd) BELONGING TO FAMILY MENISPERMACEAE.
M. Pharm. Dissertation Protocol Submitted to
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka
Bangalore – 560041
By
MR. SHIVKUMAR KOTRASHETTI B.Pharm
Under the Guidance of
Mr. S. S. PUROHIT M. Pharm, (Ph.D)
LECTURER,
DEPT. OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
SET’s College of Pharmacy,
S. R. Nagar, Dharwad,
Karnataka – 580002.
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
BANGALORE, KARNATAKA
ANNEXURE –II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT DISSERTATION
1.
NAME OF THE CANDIDATE
MR.SHIVKUMAR KOTRASHETTI
AND ADDRESS
SET’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
S.R.NAGAR,
DHARWAD - 580002.
2.
NAME OF THE INSTITUTION
SET’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
S. R. NAGAR,
DHARWAD - 580002.
3.
4.
COURSE OF STUDY AND
MASTER OF PHARMACY IN
SUBJECT
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE
18/06/2011
COURSE
5.
TITLE OF THE TOPIC
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION STUDIES & BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF
PLANT
Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd) BELONGING TO FAMILY
MENISPERMACEAE.
1
6.0
BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:
6.1 Need for the study:
A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism found
in nature that usually has a pharmacological or biological activity for use in pharmaceutical drug
discovery and drug design. A natural product can be considered as such even if it can be
prepared by total synthesis. These small molecules provide the source of inspiration for the
majority of FDA-approved agents and continue to be one of the major sources of inspiration for
drug discovery. In particular, these compounds are important in the treatment of life- threatening
diseases. Natural products may be extracted from tissues of terrestrial plants, marine organisms
or microorganism fermentation broths. A crude (untreated) extract from any one of these sources
typically contains novel, structurally diverse chemical compounds, which the natural
environment is a rich source of. Chemical diversity in nature is based on biological and
geographical diversity, so researchers travel around the world obtaining samples to analyze and
evaluate in drug discovery screens or bioassays. This effort to search for natural products is
known as bioprospecting. Plants have always been a rich source of lead compounds. Many of
these lead compounds are useful drugs in themselves and others have been the basis for
synthetic drugs. Clinically useful drugs which have been recently isolated from plants include
the anticancer agent paclitaxel (Taxol) from the yew tree, and the antimalarial agent artemisinin
from
Artemisia
annua.1
Rutaceae,
commonly known
as
the rue or citrus family,
is
a family of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.Species of the family
generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range
in form and size from herbs to shrubs and small trees. About 346 various plants belonging to
family Rutaceae have been identified & widely used as medicinal agents.2 Tinospora cordifolia,
also called Guduchi is an herbaceous vine of the family Menispermaceae indigenous to the
tropical areas of India, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. The plant is a glabrous climbing shrub found
throughout India, typically growing in deciduous and dry forests. The leaves are heart shaped.
The succulent bark is creamy white to grey in color, with deep clefts spotted with lenticels. It
puts out long, slender aerial roots, often growing on mango or neem trees.3Flowers are yellow,
growing in lax racemes from nodes on old wood. Fruits are drupes, turning red when ripe.4 The
active adaptogenic constituents are diterpene compounds including tinosporone, tinosporic acid,
cordifolisides A to E, syringen, the yellow alkaloid, berberine, Giloin, crude Giloininand, a
glucosidal bitter principle as well as polysaccharides, including arabinogalactan polysaccharide
2
(TSP).5,6 Picrotene and bergenin were also found in the plant. The active principles of Tinospora
cordifolia, a traditional Indian medicinal plant were found to possess anticomplementary and
immunomodulatory activities. Tinospora cordifolia and similar species like Tinospora crispa
and Tinospora rumphii Boerl are used in Ayurvedic and Jamu herbal medicine as a
hepatoprotectant, protecting the liver from damage that may occur following exposure to toxins,
as well as in Thailand, Philippines. Recent research has demonstrated that a combination of T.
cordifolia extract and turmeric extract is effective in preventing the hepatotoxicity which is
otherwise produced as a side effect of conventional pharmaceutical treatments for tuberculosis
using drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin. According to the 1918 United States Dispensatory,
the plant has a long history of use in India as a medicine and in the preparation of a starch
known as gilae-ka-sat or as palo.7 The stem of Tinospora cordifolia is one of the constituents of
several ayurvedic preparations used in general debility, dyspepsia, fever and urinary diseases.
The stem is bitter, stomachic, diuretic8, stimulates bile secretion, causes constipation, allays
thirst, burning sensation, vomiting, enriches the blood and cures jaundice. The extract of its stem
is useful in skin diseases9,10. The root and stem of T. cordifolia are prescribed in combination
with other drugs as an anti-dote to snake bite and scorpion sting. 11,12,13 Dry barks of T. cordifolia
has
anti-spasmodic,
antipyretic,
anti-allergic,
anti-inflammatory
and
anti-leprotic
properties.Present investigation is planned to have a detailed study of the plant & search for still
better phytochemicals present if any based upon the literatures available.
3
6.2 Review of literature:
Extensive literature survey was carried out in libraries of SET’s College of Pharmacy
Dharwad and University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad and by visiting various web sites
through internet the relevant data has been collected.
1. Introduction to the plant:
BOTANICAL NAME-Tinospora cordifolia (Willd)
FAMILY-Menispermaceae
Vernacular names:
Kannada- Amrutha balli
English- Tinospora Gulancha
Sanskrit- Guduchi, Amrita, Chinnaruha
Hindi:Giloy,Gurcha
Morphology:
A deciduous, woody climber. The leaves are heart shaped with pointed leaf tip, dark
green and borne on a stout leaf stalk. The flowers are unisexual (male and female flowers are
separate), small, yellow or greenish yellow. Flowers are borne on nodes of old stem. They
appear when the plant is leafless. The fruits are called drupes, which are found in clusters. Fruits
look like bunch of red cherries. Each drupe is small and globose. Fruits turn red when ripened.
The seeds are crescent shaped.
Phytoconstituents:
A variety of constituents have been isolated from Tinospora cordifolia plant and their structures
were elucidated. They belong to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones,
glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoid, phenolics, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides.
Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (11.2%) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus.
4
Studies on the physical characteristic and chemical composition of the starch obtained from
Guduchi Satwa (extract) were carried out and the polysaccharide was found to consist chiefly of
1g4 linked glucan with occasionally branched points. Its similarities and differences from
amylose were elucidated. An arabinogalactan had been isolated from the dried stems of T.
cordifolia. 14
Medicinal Uses.
It is acrid, bitter, hot, restorative, aphrodisiac, alleviate of all the three doshas and a good
digestive tonic. Antiperiod, alternative, tonic, hepatic stimulant and diuretic. It cures fever,
jaundice, thirst, burning sensation, diabetes, piles, skin ailments, respiratory disorders,
neurological problems and improves intellect. It is also acts as diuretic, cooling, and its dried
fruits are used in cases of spermatorrhoea, phosphaturia, diseases of genito-urinary tract such as
dysuria, gonorrhoea, chronic cystitis, calculous affections, urinary disorders, incontinence of
urine, gout and impotence also in uterine disorders after parturition. The seeds are strengthening
and
the
ash
of
plant
is
good
for
external
application
in
rheumarthritis.(http://guduchi.com/aboutguduchi.html)
1. Sharma P et.al reporte the Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury and Its Amelioration by
Tinospora cordifolia (An Indian Medicinal Plant) Extract. 15
The primary objective of this investigation is to determine the deleterious effects of sub
lethal gamma radiation on testes and their possible inhibition by Tinospora cordifolia
extract (TCE). For this purpose, one group of male Swiss albino mice was exposed to
7.5Gy gamma radiation to serve as the irradiated control, while the other group received
TCE (75 mg/kg b.wt./day) orally for 5 consecutive days half an hr before irradiation to
serve as experimental. Exposure of animals to 7.5Gy gamma radiation resulted into
significant decrease in body weight, tissue weight, testes- body weight ratio and tubular
diameter up to 15 days of irradiation. Cent percent mortality was recorded by day 17th in
irradiated control, whereas all animals survived in experimental group. TCE pretreatment
rendered significant increase in body weight, tissue weight, testes- body weight ratio and
tubular diameter at various intervals as compared to irradiated group. Radiation induced
histological lesions in testicular architecture were observed more severe in irradiated
control then the experimental. TCE administration before irradiation significantly
ameliorated radiation induced elevation in lipid peroxidation and decline in glutathione
concentration in testes. These observations indicate the radioprotective potential of
5
Tinospora cordifolia root extract in testicular constituents against gamma irradiation in
mice.
2. Mahuya Sengupta et.al., reported the Effect of aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia on
functions of peritoneal macrophages isolated from CCl4 intoxicated male albino mice,16
3. Vaibhav D. Aher et.al., reported the Pharmacological study of Tinospora Cordifolia as
an immunomodulator.17
Immunomodulators are natural or synthetic agents, which by modifying the immune
system affect a therapeutic benefit. They may have ability to augments (immune
stimulant and /or immune enhancer), restore (immune restorative), inhibit (immune
supressant) or help to produce (adjuvant) the desired immune response. The present work
described that Tinospora cordifolia alcoholic extract shows immunomodulator activity.
The various parameters determined were Delayed Type Hypersentivity (DTH), effect on
the bone marrow cellularity and α‐esterase cells and zinc sulphate turbidity test. Orally
administration of T. cordifolia alcoholic extract (100 mg/kg, p. o) was found to increases
in the there was distinct increase in foot pad thickness after treatment with T. cordifolia
alcoholic extracts which indicates immunomodulatory effects of T. cordifolia as
compared to vehicle and cyclophosphamide treated groups. Also significant increase in
the WBC counts and bone marrow cells significantly indicating stimulatory effect on
haeomopoetic system. In zinc sulphate turbidity test T. cordifolia treated rats serum
showed the more turbidity (cloudy) which indicate the increase in the immunoglobulin
level as compared to vehicle, SRBC sensitized and cyclophosphamide treated group.
Finally it can be concluded that Tinoposra cordifolia (stem) mango plant climber shows
potent immunomodulatory action.
4. Nasreen S et.al., reported the assessment of quality of Tinospora cordifolia (willd.)
miers. (menispermaceae): pharmacognostical and phyto - physicochemical profile, 18
Pharmacognostical standardization of dried, matured pieces of stem of Tinospora
cordifolia (Willd.) Miers., (Menispermaceae) has been carried out in the present study.
The study includes macroscopical and microscopical evaluation along with estimation of
its physicochemical parameters such as ash and extractive values and preliminary
6
phytochemical screening. It also includes quantification of some of the active
constituents like terpenoids and alkaloids. The present study reveals standardization
profile for drug like Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.), which would be of immense value in
botanical identification and authentication of plant drug and may help us in preventing its
adulteration.
5. Nagaraja Puranik K et.al., reported the Efficacy of Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd.) extracts
on blood lipid profile in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Is it beneficial to the heart?, 19
Efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) stem extracts (both aqueous and alcoholic) in
differ-ent dosages (200 and 400 mg/ kg b.w) on blood lipid profile in streptozotocin
induced dia-betic albino rats was investigated in this study. The drug was administered
orally for 10 days in 24 rats of 4 different groups treated with Tinospora cordifolia.
Similarly, in another group of study consisting of 24 rats, the drug was administered
orally for 30 days. Efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia in ameliorating the metabolic
derangements in lipid metabolism caused by diabetes was compared with the Lante Zinc
Insulin (6 Units / kg b.w. daily. i.p.) treated diabetic rats. Plasma total cholesterol,
triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids and lipoproteins like high density
lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein -cholesterol levels
were measured according to the standard biochemical meth-ods. Drug treated diabetic
animals showed a significant (p< 0.05) effect of Tinospora cordifo-lia on all these
parameters compared to untreated animals. Treatment with insulin restored all these
altered parameters to near normal levels in diabetic animals. Our results indicated that
Tinospora cordifolia stem extract is able to ameliorate the derangements in lipid metabolism caused by diabetes mellitus in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats towards
normal level. Hence, this study may reveal the usefulness and beneficial value of herbal
drug Tino-spora cordifolia in treating hyperlipidemia.
6. Invitro antibacterial activity of methanolic root extract of Tinospora Cordifolia (willd), 20
The antibacterial activities of the hot and cold methanol extracts of the roots of Tinospora
cordifolia (Willd) Miers was evaluated on bacterial strains like Staphylococcus aureus,
Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The in vitro
antibacterial activity of hot and cold methanol extracts was performed by cup plate agar
diffusion method using ciprofloxacin (ciprozol-500) in dimethyl sulphoxide as a standard
7
drug for the comparision of antibacterial activity. From the experiment done the hot
methanol extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd) Miers did produce considerable
antibacterial activity than the cold maceration extract was observed. The maximum
antibacterial activity of hot and cold methanol extracts was exhibited against
Staphylococcus aureus when compared with standard drug. In addition the preliminary
phytochemical tests of the hot and cold methanol extracts of Tinospora cordifolia roots
revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, lignin, saponins,
terpenes, tannins, steroids and reducing sugar. The results obtained suggest that Tinospora
cordifolia roots can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organisms.
7. Quantitative Determination of Protoberberine Alkaloids in Tinospora cordifolia by RP-
LC-DAD.21
Tinospora cordifolia, known as Guduchi in Ayurveda, is a medicinal plant popular mainly
for immunomodulatory activity. Its therapeutic activity may be attributed to
protoberberine alkaloids such as jatrorrhizine, palmatine and berberine. A new, simple
RP-LC-DAD method has been developed for separation, simultaneous identification and
quantitative estimation of these protoberberine alkaloids in T. cordifolia extracts and
formulations. The developed method was validated based on ICH-Q2B guidelines and
was found to be accurate, precise and linear over a relatively wide range of concentrations
(0.65–83.33 lg mL-1). This method can serve as a useful quality control tool for T.
cordifolia and its formulations.
8. D. N. K. Sarma et.al., reported the Antiulcer activity of Tinospora cordifolia Miers and
Centella asiatica linn extracts.22
The ethanol extracts of the roots of T. cordifolia Miers and C. asiatica Linn were
observed to induce a marked protective action against an 8 h restraint stress induced
ulcerization, the activity being comparable to that of diazepam.
8
6.3 Objectives of Study:
1) Extraction using different solvents of increasing polarity.
2) Phytochemical investigation studies of the various extracts & their spectral analysis.
3) Evaluation of the extracts for the antimicrobial activity.
9
7.0
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
7.1 Source and Collection of data:
 Review articles from journals
 Published research papers
 Electronic data( Internet)
 Library of S.E.T’s College of Pharmacy-Dharwad & UAS Dharwad
 J-Gate@ Helinet etc
7.2 Method of collection of Data:
A) The plant of Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd) will be collected from the local areas &
surroundings of Dharwad in Karnataka.
Authentication: Renowned botanist will authenticate the plant.
Phytochemical studies: For the present studies, different parts Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd)
will be subjected for phytochemical extraction by making use of suitable procedures. Extraction
will be carried out by the use of Soxhlet apparatus & extracts will be concentrated & further
subjected to qualitative chemical tests & spectral analysis.
B) Antimicrobial evaluation
B-1) In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity.23
The MIC determination of the different parts of the extracts will be carried out in side-byside comparison with ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus
aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli)
by broth microdilution method. Serial dilutions of the test compounds and reference drugs will
be prepared in Mueller Hinton agar. Drugs (10 mg) will be dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide
(DMSO, 1 ml). Further progressive dilutions with melted Mueller Hinton agar will be performed
to obtain the required concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/ml. The
tubes will be inoculated with 105cfu/ml (colony forming unit/ml) and incubated at 37 oC for 18
h. The MIC will be the lowest concentration of the tested compound that yields no visible
growth on the plate. To ensure that the solvent will have no effect on the bacterial growth, a
control will be performed with the test medium supplemented with DMSO at the same dilutions
as used in the experiments.
10
B-2) In vitro evaluation of antifungal activity.24,25
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination of the different parts of the
extracts will be carried out in side-by-side comparison with fluconazole and griseofulvin against
Candida albicans, Candida neoformans, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus by broth
microdilution method. Serial dilutions of the test compounds and reference drugs will be
prepared in sabouraud dextrose agar broth. Drugs (10 mg) will be dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide
(DMSO, 1 ml). Further progressive dilutions with melted sabouraud dextrose agar broth will be
performed to obtain the required concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500
mg/ml. MIC values were read after 1 day for Candida species and Candida neoformans and 2
days for Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus in 37 oC. The inoculums sizes contained
approximately 1 X 105cells/ml. The MIC will be the lowest concentration of the tested
compound that yields no visible growth on the plate. To ensure that the solvent will have no
effect on the fungal growth, a control will be performed with the test medium supplemented with
DMSO at the same dilutions as used in the experiments.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation or interventions to be conducted on
patients or other humans/animals? If so please describe briefly.
No.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
Not applicable.
11
8.0
REFERENCES:
1. www. wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural product
2. Wagner, Hildebert (1999). Immunomodulatory agents from plants. Birkhäuser. pp. 294.
ISBN 9783764358488.
http://books.google.com/books?id=ReY_8gfGL7wC&pg=PA294. http://zipcodezoo.com
3. Warrier, P. K.; V. P. K. Nambiar, C. Ramankutty, R. Vasudevan Nair (1996).
[9788125007630 Indian medicinal plants: a compendium of 500 species, Volume 5].
Orient Blackswan. pp. 283.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/http://books.google.com/books?id=y3
_vZIUVVj8C&pg=PA283. 9788125007630.
4. Winston, David & Maimes, Steven. “Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength, Stamina, and
Stress Relief,” Healing Arts Press, 2007. www.spice-trade.com/curry-plant-leaf.html
5. S.S. Singh, et,al.,Chemistry and medicinal properties of tinospora cordifolia (guduchi)
Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 35: 83-91
6. Adhvaryu MR, Reddy MN, Vakharia BC. Prevention of hepatotoxicity due to anti
tuberculosis treatment: A novel integrative approach. World Journal of Gastroenterology
2008; 14(30): 4753-4762.
7. Tinospora. Tinospora cordifolia. | Henriette's Herbal Homepage.
8. Nayampalli SS, et al. A comparative study of diuretic effects of Tinospora cordifolia and
hydrochloro-thiazide in rats and a preliminary phase I study in human volunteers. J
Postgrad Med 1988;34:233-6.
9. Aiyer KN, Kolammal M, Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic Drugs, Series 1. 1st ed.
Trivendram: The Central Research Institute; 1963.
10. Raghunathan K, Mittra R, Pharmacognosy of Indigenous Drugs. New Delhi: Central
Council for Research, In Ayurveda & Siddha; 1982.
11. Nadkarni KM, Nadkarni AK, Indian Materia Medica, Vol 1. 3rd ed. Mumbai: M/S
Popular Prakasan Pvt. Ltd; 1976.
12. Kirtikar KR, Basu BD, Indian Medicinal Plants, Vol 1. 2nd ed. New Connaught Place,
Dehra Dun: M/S Bishen Singh, Mahendra Pal Singh; 1975.
13. Zhao TF, Wang X, Rimando AM, Che C. Folkloric medicinal plants: Tinospora sagittata
var. cravaniana and Mahonia bealei. Planta Med 1991;57:505. 7. Nayampalli S, Ainapure
SS, Nadkarni PM.
14. Chintalwar G, et al. An immunologically active arabinogalactan from Tinospora
12
cordifolia. Phytochemistry 1999;52:1089-94.
15. Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury and Its Amelioration by Tinospora cordifolia (An
Indian Medicinal Plant) Extract. Sharma P, Parmar J, Sharma P, Verma P, Goyal PK,
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Volume 2011, Article ID
643847, 9.
16. Effect of aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia on functions of peritoneal macrophages
isolated from CCl4 intoxicated male albino mice,
Mahuya Sengupta, Gauri D Sharma and Biswajit Chakraborty, BMC Complementary
and Alternative Medicine 2011, 11:102
17. Vaibhav d. aher, Pharmacological study of tinospora cordifolia as an immunomodulator,
arunkumar wah, International Journal of Current pharmaceutical research, ISSN- 09751491 2, 4, 2010.
18. Assessment of quality of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) miers. (menispermaceae):
Pharmacognostical and phyto -
physicochemical profile,
Nasreen S, R Radha, N
Jayashree, B Selvaraj and A Rajendran3, Pharmacie Globale (IJCP) 2010, 5 (03).
19. Efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) extracts on blood lipid profile in
streptozotocin diabetic rats. Is it beneficial to the heart?, Nagaraja Puranik K, K.F.
Kammar,Sheela Devi. R, Biomedical Research 2008; 19 (2): 92-96
20. Invitro antibacterial activity of methanolic root extract of tinospora cordifolia (willd),
ijprd/2010/PUB/ARTI/VOV-2/ISSUE-5/JULY/007.
21. Quantitative Determination of Protoberberine Alkaloids in Tinospora cordifolia by RPLC-DAD, 9 November 2009,Chromatographia.
22. Antiulcer activity of Tinospora cordifolia Miers and Centella asiatica linn extracts, D.
N. K. Sarma1, R. L. Khosa, J. P. N. Chansauria, M. Sahai. Phytotherapy Research,
Volume 9, Issue 8, pages 589–590, December 1995.
23. Talath S, Gadad AK. Synthesis, antibacterial and antitubercular activities of some 7-[4(5-amino-[1,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]fluoroquinolonic derivatives. Eur
J Med Chem 2006;41:918–24.
24. SRyu CK, Park RE, Ma MY, Nho JH. Synthesis and antifungal activity of 6-arylaminophthalazine-5,8-diones and 6,7-bis(arylthio)-phthalazine-5,8-diones. Bioorg Med Chem
Lett 2007;17:2577–80.
25. Mcginnis MR, Rindali MG, Lorian EV, editor. Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine. 4th
ed. Baltimore (USA): Williams and Wilkins; 1996. p. 176.
13
9.
SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENT
10.
REMARK OF THE GUIDE
The above mentioned information and literature has been extensively investigated,
verified and was found to be correct. The present study will be carried out under my
supervision and guidance.
11.
11.1 NAME AND DESIGNATION
OF THE GUIDE
Sri. S. S. PUROHIT M. Pharm(Ph.D.) ,
LECTURER ,
DEPT. OF PHARMA - CHEMISTRY,
SET’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,
S.R.NAGAR, DHARWAD- 580002.
11.2 SIGNATURE
11.3 NAME AND DESIGNATION
OF CO-GUIDE
----------
11.4 SIGNATURE
11.5 HEAD OF THE
Dr. S. D. JOSHI M. Pharm, Ph.D.,
DEPARTMENT
PROFFESOR & HEAD,
DEPT. OF PHARMA - CHEMISTRY,
SET’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,
S.R.NAGAR, DHARWAD- 580002.
a. SIGNATURE
12.
REMARK OF THE PRINCIPAL
The above mentioned information is correct
and I recommend the same for approval.
Dr. V. H. KULKARNI M. Pharm, Ph.D.,
PROFESSOR & PRINCIPAL,
SET’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,
S.R.NAGAR, DHARWAD- 580002.
SIGNATURE
14