Chapter 17, Section 1: Geography of Europe p.496-499
The Big Idea: ________________________________________________________________________________
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Main Idea #1: _______________________________________________________________________________
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Physical Features: p.496-498
 Europe is a small _______________, but it is very diverse with many different
landforms, water features, and climates to be found.
 Though we call Europe a continent, it is really part of ____________________, a
large landmass that includes both Europe and Asia.
 ____________________________ is the shape and elevation of land in a region.
Regions of Europe:
 Mountain Ranges: These ranges cover much of Southern Europe. The
___________, with peaks 15,000 feet high, have _________________ and _______________
 North of the Alps: The land is much _______________. It is covered with thick
_____________________ and fertile _______________.
 Northern European Plain: Area with most of Europe’s _____________ which
are formed from the melting of snow.
 Far Northern Europe: Many rugged __________ and low __________________ cover
this area.
 The climate of ___________________ Europe is warm and sunny with less rain.
 The climate of ___________________ Europe is mild and cooler with more rain.
 The climate of ___________________ is freezing cold with large amounts of snow.
Main Idea #2: _______________________________________________________________________________
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Geography Shapes life: p.498-499
 The different types of ____________________ and _____________________ made a
difference where people lived and what types of crops they could grow.
Southern Europe:
 Most people lived on ______________ _______________ or in the _____________, where
the land was flat enough to farm.
 Crops like _____________ and _____________ were suited to this type of geography.
 Herds of ________________ and _______________ were raised in the mountains.
 There were many ___________________, so people didn’t live far from the
_________. (Italy& Greece.) Many people became traders and seafarers.
Northern Europe:
 Towns grew up along the ________________ which had access to the sea.
 Rivers also provided ___________________ from invaders.
 Farmers grew crops in the __________ __________ that surrounded the towns.
 The lack of __________________ was good for farming, but made the towns easier
to be ________________ by enemies.
Label the following on your map:
Mountains
 The Alps
 The Urals
 The Carpathians
Landforms/Peninsulas
 Scandinavian Peninsula
 Italian Peninsula
 Iberian Peninsula
 Balkan Peninsula
 Northern European Plain
 The British Isles
Cities
 Paris
 Rome
 Constantinople
Water Features
 Atlantic Ocean
 Arctic Ocean
 Mediterranean Sea
 English Channel
 Seine River
 Rhine River
Chapter 17, Section 2: Europe after the Fall of Rome p.500-504
The Big Idea:
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Main Idea#1: p.500-502
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Christianity Spreads:
 After the fall of _____________, many groups moved into Europe and
divided the land among them. They built castles and called
themselves kings.
 The creation of ____________________ marked the beginning of the
____________ __________, a period lasting from 500-1500, also called the
_____________ period.
 The most powerful force that helped spread Christianity was the
____________. He sent _________________ , people who try to convert others,
to Europe. Some traveled great distances to spread
______________________.
 _______________ were religious men who lived apart from society in
isolated communities. They were very dedicated to their faith.
 Communities of monks called ___________________ were built all over
Europe. Most of these followed rules created by Saint
___________________.
 Although monks lived in isolated communities, they performed many
______________. They gave to the poor. They ran schools and _____________
books. They collected and saved writings from ______________ and
______________. Some served as _______________ and advisors for local
kings.
Main Idea #2: p.503 (480s800s)__________________________________________________________________________________________
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 _______________________ came to power in the 700s. He was the leader of the
________________. He was a fierce warrior and a strong ____________. He
conquered many kingdoms. As a king, his reign included France, Germany,
Austria, Italy, and Northern Spain or most of the area formerly controlled by
_______________.
 Accomplishments: He led the Franks in building a huge _______________.
 The Pope crowned Charlemagne as king of the ____________ ____________
_____________.
 He established many ________________ and brought in _______________ to teach in
his capital of Aachen. They shaped religious and social life for centuries.
Main Idea #3: p.503 (800s1000s)________________________________________________________________________________________
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 _____________________ from Spain and Africa poured into southern France and
Northern Italy.
 _______________________ were fierce warriors from the east (Asia) swept into
Europe, attacking towns and destroying crops.
 __________________ came from Scandinavia and raided Britain, Ireland, and
western Europe.
Chapter 17, Section 3: Feudalism and Manor Life p.506-511
The Big Idea: _________________________________________________________________________________________
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Main Idea#1: p506-507_____________________________________________________________________________
 To defend their lands, nobles needed soldiers called ________________. These warriors
fought on horseback. Knights needed weapons, armor, and horses, so the nobles
gave _______________ to the knights to support them.
 A knight who promised to support a lord in exchange for land was called a ___________
 ____________________ was a system of promises that governed the relationships
between lords and vassals.
 ____________ sent help to the vassals if attacked. They built ________________ to defend
themselves. If a lord broke his vow, the vassal could break ties with him.
 _________________ served their lords in times of _____________. They gave their lords
money on special occasions and provided food a shelter when the lord visited.
Main Idea#2: p.508 _________________________________________________________________________________
 The Feudal System was created by the _________________, but spread to other countries.
Frankish knights introduced __________________ to Northern Italy, Spain, and Germany.
 A French noble named _______________ was duke of ___________________ and decided to
conquer England. He invaded England in 1066 and became known as ________________
_______ ___________________. After victory in the Battle of Hastings, William declared
himself king of _______________. This begins ________________ in England.
Main Idea#3: p. 509-510 ___________________________________________________________________________
 A large estate owned by a knight or lord was called a ________________. The manor
included a large house or ________________, pastures, fields, and forests.
 The lords kept most of the land. The rest was divided among ______________ and
____________-workers that were tied to the land on which they lived.
 Serfs were not slaves, but they could not _______________ the land without permission.
They spent most of their time working for the _______________ in exchange for a small
piece of land.
 Lords Controlled everything that happened on their land. The resolved disputes
and collected ______________ from people on their land.
 The lords more comfortably than the serfs and peasants, but still had to worry about
___________________ and ___________________.
Main Idea #4: p510-511 ___________________________________________________________________________
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 During the (early) middle ages, most people lived on ______________, and ______________
were very small. After about ________________ things began to change, as some towns
turned into big ______________.
 Europe’s population grows because more ______________ was available. New
______________ meant that farmers could be more productive.
 ______________ increased as the population grew and trade routes spread across
Europe and other lands.
 People began to leave the farms and move to ______________ to make more money.
Chapter 17, section 4: Although the feudal systems of Europe and Japan were similar,
their cultures were very different.
 ________________ and ____________ were like the _________________ and __________________ of
Japan. They controlled the land and had warriors who helped defend their property.
 In Europe the warriors were known as ____________________. In Japan they were called
________________.
 Both knights and samurai swore loyalty to their lords. ___________________ was the
code of honor for the samurai. __________________ was the code of honor for knights in
Europe.
Europe and Japan differed in cultural elements such as religion and art.