Unit 6
Grammar (1)
as …. as
(像…一樣的…)
as + adj + as : When two entities(實體)
share the same quality(同樣的特性), we
can us “as….as(像…一樣的…)” to
describe(描述) them.
Pattern:
A
is
as beautiful
as
tall
As are as interesting
as
hard
as B
as
as Bs
as
Use: as…as
A: That insect
B: a leaf
Adj: green
Must add “am, is, or are”
That insect is as green as a leaf.
Use: as…as
A: Some frogs
B: snakes
Adj: dangerous
Must add “am, is, or are”
Some frogs are as dangerous as snakes.
Use: as…as
A: The stripes of some frogs
B: a flower
Adj: colorful
Must add “am, is, or are”
The stripes of some frogs are as colorful as a flower.
Use: as…as
A: A three-striped frog
B: a snake
Adj: poisonous
A three-striped frog is
as poisonous as a snake.
Use: as…as
A: The spots of a leopard
B: the night
Adj: black
The spots of a leopard are
as black as the night.
Use: as…as
A: A baby deer
B: a puppy
Adj: Choose the most
appropriate(適當的) one.
( short / kind / cute )
A baby deer is as cute as a puppy.
Use: as…as
A: The fur of a fox
B: a cat’s fur
Adj: Choose the most
appropriate one.
(colorful / soft / hard)
The fur of a fox is
as soft as a cat’s fur.
Use: as...as
A: Jenny’s English grade – A+
B: Mark’s English grade – A+
Adj: ( good / better / best )
Jenny’s English grade is as good as Mark’s
(English grade).
Exercise (A): use “as...as” to make sentences
1. My grandma/70 years old My grandpa/70 years old
My grandma is as old as my grandpa.
2. A lion is fierce(凶猛的). A tiger is fierce.
A lion is as fierce as a tiger.
3. Her lips(嘴唇)/red - blood(血)
Her lips are as red as blood.
4. This ruler/ that ruler ( long / longer – choose one)
This ruler is as long as that one.
5. The eyes of the monster/ a bell (big / bigger - choose one)
The eyes of the monster are as big as a bell.
6. The smell of these flowers/rotten food(腐爛的食物)
(bad / worse / worst – choose one)
The smell of these flowers is as bad as rotten food.
When we need to use auxiliaries(助動詞) “must”
or “can” in the comparative sentences(比較的句子),
we must use “be”(base form of “am, is or are”)
after “can” or “must”.
must be
can be
Use: as…as
A predator must be as fast as its prey.
A: A predator
B: its prey
Auxiliary: must
Adj: fast
Use: as…as
A: A student
B: (look at the picture below)
Auxiliary: should
Adj: diligent(勤勉的)
A student should be as diligent as
a bee.
Use: as…as
A: Some insects
B: a leaf
Auxiliary: can
Adj: (figure it out yourself)
(自己想)
Some insects can be as green as
a leaf.
Use: as…as
A: The bite(咬一口) of a spider
B: the bite of a snake
Auxiliary: can
Adj: dangerous
The bite of a spider can be
as dangerous as the bite of a
snake.
Exercise (B): use “as…as” to make sentences based on the
key words given
1. the wool of an alpaca / soft / a sheep’s wool
The wool of an alpaca is as soft as a sheep’s wool.
2. jaguar / dangerous / a cougar
A jaguar is as dangerous as a cougar.
3. predator / can / camouflaged / its prey
A predator can be as camouflaged as its prey.
4. the bite of a cobra(眼鏡蛇)/ can / deadly(致命的)/poison
The bite of a cobra can be as deadly as poison(毒藥).
5. 你的成績必須像你哥哥的一樣好。
Your grades must be as good as your brother’s (grades).
not as....as (不像...一樣的...)
When we compare two entities(實體), we can use
“not as....as...” to describe(描述) them if the said
characteristic(特性)of one is inferior(次於) to the
other’s(另一個的).
A
+ be verb + not as...as + B
Ex: John is not as tall as I. (John is shorter.)
Use: not as....as
A: the blue butterfly
B: the yellow one
Adj: pretty
The blue butterfly is not as pretty as
the yellow one.
Use: not as...as
A: A car
B: A bicycle
Adj: choose the most
appropriate one.
(fast / slow / loud)
A car is not as slow as a bicycle.
Use: not as...as
A: Lions
B: elephants
Adj: Choose the most
appropriate one
(light / heavy / fierce)
Lions are not as heavy as
elephants.
Use: not as....as
A: summer
B: fall
Adj: choose the most
appropriate one
(hot / cool / freesing)
Summer is not as cool as fall.
Exercise (C): use “not as...as..” to make sentences
1. The teacher / his students (young/old – choose one)
The teacher is not as young as his students.
2. Babies / donkeys(驢子) (small / loud – choose one)
Babies are not as loud as donkeys.
3. Motorcycles / airplanes (fast / slow – choose one)
Motorcycles are not as fast as airplanes.
4. A shark’s fins / a bird’s feathers(羽毛) (heavy / light)
A shark’ fins are not as light as a bird’s feathers.
5. A book / a pillow (soft / hard )
A book is not as soft as a pillow.
6. The forest in winter/the forest in spring (beautiful/ugly)
The forest in winter is not as beautiful as the forest in spring.
Grammar:
助動詞
Auxiliaries
+
V 原型
助動詞: do (does, did) / will / can(could)
should/must/may
Ex: 1. I am a teacher. (加入will)
I will be a teacher.
(verb “be” is the base form(原形) of “am, is, are,
was, were”.)
2. He caught a cold. (加入can’t)
He can’t catch a cold.
3. The movie star eats salad for dinner. (改問句)
Does the movie star eat salad for dinner?
Auxiliaries(助動詞) have three main functions(功能)
(A)Make questions(造問句):
Ex: He flies an airplane.
Can he fly an airplane?
Does he fly an airplane?
Will he fly an airplane?
Must he fly an airplane?
When there is an auxiliary in the sentence:
Ex: 1. Vets can help sick animals.
we use that one to make the question:
Can vets help sick animals?
2. Tom must work late today.
Must Tom work late today?
If there is no auxiliary or “be verb” in the
sentence:
Ex: 1. The vet helps sick animals on the farms.
We use “do (does or did)” to make the question:
Does the vet help sick animals on the farms?
2. He took a trip to Korea last week.
Did he take a trip to Korea last week?
Try it: Make questions
1. Yes, he hunts deer every year.
Does he hunt deer every year?
2. No, people can’t litter on the beach.
Can people litter on the beach?
3. Yes, we won the baseball game.
Did you win the baseball game?
4. No, Mason is not angry.
Is Mason angry?
(B) Auxiliary + not - 助動詞 +
not:
We can only put “not” after “an auxiliary” or a
“be verb”
do (does, did)
can (could), will
must, should, may
am, is, are
was, were
+
+
not
not
Ex: He can drive a truck. (改成否定句)
He can not (can’t) drive a truck.
If there is no auxiliary or a “be verb” in the sentence:
Ex: He drives a truck to work. (改成否定句)
We use “do (does, did)” + not to change the sentence into
a negative(否定) sentence.
He does not (doesn’t) drive a truck to work.
Try it: Change the sentences into negative sentences
1. They will dress up for the party tonight.
They will not dress up for the party tonight.
2. Mr. Chen works very hard.
Mr. Chen does not work very hard.
3. Those lions hunted deer for food last week.
Those lions didn’t hunt deer for food last week.
4. Some plants can trap insects.
Some plants can not trap insects.
(C) Auxiliaries in short forms of sentences (簡答句):
We can only use auxiliaries in short forms of
sentences(各式縮短句).
Ex: 1. Do you usually work late? Yes, I do.
2. Mary likes reading, and Henry does, too.
3. I will pass the test, but my brother won’t
(will not pass the test).
4. Students should correct(訂正) their
mistakes in the workbook, shouldn’t they?
Tag questions
附加問句
Ex: 1. Sam is happy now, isn’t he?
2. You have two pianos, don’t you?
3. Your classmates will not climb the tree,
will they?
Tag question = the statement + question tag
Tag questions(附加問句):
A “question tag” in a tag question has two
characteristics(特性):
(A)It is opposite(相反) to the statement(敘述句):
Ex: The cat only eats fish, doesn’t it?
You are not a teacher, are you?
(B) There are only two words in a “question tag” :
be verb(be 動詞)
auxiliary(助動詞)
+ pronoun (代名詞)
Ex: 1. Your brother was here yesterday, wasn’t he?
2. People must not litter on the beach, must they?
3. Your mother drives you to school, doesn’t she?
(if there is no “be verb” or “an auxiliary” in the
statement, we use “do (does, did)”)
Exercise (A): Choose the correct tag question
1. It’s very hot, doesn’t it / isn’t it?
2. It was really hot yesterday, didn’t it / wasn’t it?
3. Cats like sleeping in the sun, doesn’t it / don’t they?
4. Baby penguins are so cute, aren’t they / weren’t they?
5. That wasn’t a bad movie, was it /did it?
6. The man can catch the gorilla, doesn’t he / can’t he?
7. The fur of foxes isn’t hard, is it / does it?
8. The boy escaped the dog, didn’t he / doesn’t he?
Exercise (B): write tag questions(basic基礎篇)
1. Lighting is dangerous, _______________?
isn’t it
aren’t they
2. Sharks are scary, __________________?
doesn’t it
3. This insect looks like a stick, _________________?
do they
4. Your friends don’t eat meat, ________________?
was it
5. That frog wasn’t poisonous, ______________?
weren’t they
6. The dogs were loud, ____________________?
were they
7. The cats weren’t friendly, __________________?
mustn’t they
8. Children must learn new things, ___________________?
Exercise (C): write tag questions (advanced 進階篇)
doesn’t it
1. The spot on that fish looks like an eye, _______________?
2. That deer will run into the forest, _______________?
won’t it
aren’t they
3. These butterflies are beautiful, ___________________?
4. The coyotes weren’t running fast, ________________?
were they
5. The sting of a bee can’t hurt much, ____________?
can it
6. He will never become a scientist, _______________?
will he
7. The police have to catch the thief, __________________?
don’t they
8. Students shouldn’t lie, ____________________?
should they
9. They never change, _______________?
do they
10. Peter fell off the bicycle, __________________?
didn’t he
Exercise (C): translate the chinese into English
1. 這些顏色是如此美麗，不是嗎?
The(These) colors are so beautiful, aren’t they?
2. 這些翅膀上的斑點看起來像眼睛，不是嗎？
The spots on the wings look like eyes, don’t they?
3. 那隻企鵝不會飛，它會嗎？
That penguin can’t fly, can it?