draft ETSI
TR TR102 970
V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Technical Report
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS);
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Use Cases for spectrum
and network usage among Public Safety, Commercial or
Military
2
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Reference
DTR/RRS-04005
Keywords
radio, system
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ETSI
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights ................................................................................................................................ 3
Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
Scope 5
1.
1.1.
1.2.
2.
2.1.
2.2.
3.
3.1.
3.1.1.
3.2.
3.2.1.
3.2.2.
4.
4.1.
References ................................................................................................................................................ 5
Normative references ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Informative references ....................................................................................................................................... 5
Definitions and abbreviations................................................................................................................... 6
Definitions ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Relevant input from other organizations .................................................................................................. 8
Organizations ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
ETSI TETRA ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Projects .............................................................................................................................................................. 8
EULER project ............................................................................................................................................. 8
HELP project ................................................................................................................................................ 8
Network and Spectrum sharing concepts ................................................................................................. 9
Network sharing................................................................................................................................................. 9
5.
Operational and technical requirements ................................................................................................... 9
6.
Taxonomy of network and spectrum sharing use cases ........................................................................... 9
6.1.
6.2.
6.3.
7.
7.1.
7.2.
7.3.
7.4.
7.4.1.
7.4.2.
7.4.3.
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................ 9
Network Sharing Use Cases............................................................................................................................... 9
Spectrum Sharing Use Cases ........................................................................................................................... 12
System Aspects ...................................................................................................................................... 15
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 15
Taxonomy of system architectures .................................................................................................................. 15
Definition of interfaces .................................................................................................................................... 15
Evolution of current radio access technologies ................................................................................................ 15
TETRA ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
Long Term Evolution (LTE) ...................................................................................................................... 15
ECMA 392 ................................................................................................................................................. 15
8.
Regulatory aspects.................................................................................................................................. 15
9.
Business and market aspects .................................................................................................................. 15
10.
Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................ 15
11.
History .................................................................................................................................................... 16
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS).
Introduction
The present document provides a study of the use cases for network and spectrum sharing among Public Safety,
Commercial or Military domains.
The capability of exchanging information (e.g., voice or data) is essential to improve the coordination of public safety
officers during an emergency crisis. Wireless communications are particularly important in field operations to support
the mobility of first responders. While in their routine service, the operators may have learned to work around the
shortcomings of their communication systems, the situation changes dramatically when an emergency causes additional
stress for the system and the operators. Emergency scenarios usually lead to exceptionally high traffic loads, which the
existing wireless communication systems may not be able to support. This situation can be worsened in scenarios with
limited radio coverage (e.g., a traffic crash in a tunnel) or when parts of the communications infrastructures are
damaged in the incident area. Sharing of network and spectrum can increase the traffic capacity, provide higher
coverage and improve the connectivity availability.
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Scope
The scope of the present document is to investigate the various options for spectrum and network sharing and the
related technical solutions..
In particular the report presents:

the public safety operational scenarios, where spectrum and network sharing can be applied.

operational and technical requirements for spectrum and network sharing

taxonomy of the use cases for spectrum and network sharing.

the interfaces and system architectures, which are needed to support spectrum and network sharing.

regulatory and market consideration for spectrum and network sharing.
1. References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.

For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.

Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the
following cases:
if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the
referring document;
for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE:
While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
1.1.
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
Not applicable.
1.2.
Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1]
ETSI TR 102 745 “Reconfigurable Radio System (RRS); User Requirements for Public Safety”
[i.2]
Jon M. Peha, "Sharing Spectrum through Spectrum Policy Reform and Cognitive Radio,"
Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 97, Number 4, pp. 708-719, April 2009.
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
2. Definitions and abbreviations
2.1.
Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
Cognitive Radio (CR): a radio, which has the following capabilities:
 to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage
patterns and users' needs;
 to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this
knowledge;
 in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g., more efficient utilization of spectrum; and
 to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
Cognitive Radio System (CRS): a radio system, which has the following capabilities:
 to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage
patterns and users' needs;
 to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this
knowledge in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g., more efficient utilization of spectrum; and
 to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
NOTE 1: Radio operational environment encompasses radio and geographical environments, and internal states of
the Cognitive Radio System.
NOTE 2: To obtain knowledge encompasses, for instance, by sensing the spectrum, by using knowledge data base,
by user collaboration, or by broadcasting and receiving of control information.
NOTE 3: Cognitive Radio System comprises a set of entities able to communicate with each other (e.g., network
and terminal entities and management entities).
NOTE 4: Radio system is typically designed to use certain radio frequency band(s) and it includes agreed schemes
for multiple access, modulation, channel and data coding as well as control protocols for all radio layers
needed to maintain user data links between adjacent radio devices.
public safety organization: an organization, which is responsible for the prevention and protection from events that
could endanger the safety of the general public
NOTE:
Such events could be natural or man-made. Example of Public Safety organizations are police, firefighters and others.
radio technology: a technology for wireless transmission and/or reception of electromagnetic radiation for information
transfer
RRS network node: a wireless communication terminal or base station, which has cognitive radio capabilities or which
is based on software defined radio concepts.
non-RRS network node: a wireless communication terminal or base station, which does not have cognitive radio
capabilities or is not based on software defined radio concepts.
EXAMPLE:
a non-RRS network node is a conventional wireless communications systems based on TETRA
standard version 1.
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2.2.
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AAA
ADC
CAP
CCM
CEPT
CR
DAC
DMO
DSM
DSP
ECC
EAN
ESRA
ESRIF
FPGA
GPP
GSM
HMI
HQ
IAN
ISI
JAN
NSD
OE
PPDR
PSAP
PIM
PMN
PSM
PTT
QoS
RAN
RAT
RRS
SCA
SDA
SDR
SRT
TDM
TETRA
TIP
UMTS
WiMAX
Authentication, Authorization and Accounting
Analog-to-Digital converter
Common Alerting Protocol
Cognitive Control Manager
European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administration
Cognitive Radio
Digital-to-Analog Converter
Direct Mode of Operation
Dynamic Spectrum Management
Digital Signal Processor
Electronic Communication Committee
Extended Area Networks
European Software Radio Architecture
European Security Research and Innovation Forum
Field Programmable Gate Array
General Purpose Processor
Global System for Mobile communications
Human Machine Interface
Head Quarters
Incident Area Network
Inter System Interface
Jurisdiction Area Network
Noise Spectral Density
Operating Environment
Public Protection and Disaster Relief
Public Safety Answering Points
Platform Indipendent Model
Professional Mobile Network
Platform Specific Model
Push to Talk
Quality of Service
Radio Access Network
Radio Access Technologies
Reconfigurable Radio Systems
Software Communications Architecture
Software Download Authentication
Software Defined Radio
Smart Radio Terminal
Time Division Multiplexing
TErrestrial Trunked Radio
Tetra Interoperability Profiles
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
3. Relevant input from other organizations
This clause provides the list of input documents and information sources, which are relevant to the present document.
The list includes deliverables and other documentation produced by organizations or projects.
Clauses 3.1. and 3.2. list the more relevant references and the relevant information to the present document.
NOTE:
As described in the scope of the present document is to define the System Design aspects for the
application of RRS to the Public Safety domain. The scope is not to define a new radio system for Public
Safety. This means that some of the listed references will not be a direct input to this TR, even if they
may still provide useful information.
EXAMPLE:
3.1.
An input document may describe Public Safety communication standards, which an RRS platform
should support through waveforms.
Organizations
3.1.1.
ETSI TETRA
TErrestrial Trunked RAdio (TETRA) is a digital trunked mobile radio standard developed to meet the needs of
traditional Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) user organizations for Public Safety, Transportation, Utilities,
Government, Military, Mining Oil and Gas exploration
3.2.
Projects
3.2.1.
EULER project
The FP7 EULER project (www.euler-project.eu) gathers major players in Europe in the field of wireless systems
communication integration and software defined radio (SDR), is supported by a strong group of end-users, and aims to
define and actually demonstrate how the benefits of SDR can be leveraged in order to enhance interoperability in case
of crisis needed to be jointly resolved. The proposed activities span the following topics: proposal for a new high-datarate waveform for homeland security, strengthening and maturing ongoing efforts in Europe in the field of SDR
standardisation, implementation of Software defined radio platforms, associated assessment of the proposal for highdata-rate waveform for security, and realisation of an integrated demonstrator targeted towards end-users. Significant
interaction with E.U stakeholders in the field of security forces management will contribute in shaping a European
vision for interoperability in joint operations for restoring safety after crisis.
3.2.2. HELP project
The FP7 HELP project (http://www.fp7-sec-help.eu/) will establish a comprehensive solution framework aspiring to
significantly enhance the secured communications resilience and responsiveness in emergency situations. The proposed
solution framework is built on the two following pillars:

The capacity and efficiency of public safety communications networks can be increased by implementing
“network sharing” concepts between different PMR networks (e.g., a PMR network belonging to a given
public safety organisation is made available to other first responder agencies that participate in the crisis
management) as well as between PMR and commercial cellular networks. “Network sharing” refers to the
capability of sharing network resources like traffic capacity, communication services and broadband
connectivity between networks, which may have been designed for different tasks.

Network capacity and efficiency can be increased by implementing “spectrum sharing” techniques
between public safety and commercial networks in case of emergencies or natural or man-made disasters.
“Spectrum sharing” refers to the possibility of managing spectrum in a flexible way.
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
4. Network and Spectrum sharing concepts
4.1.
Network sharing
A formal definition for “network sharing” has not been addressed within telecommunications regulatory and
standardisation bodies. Instead, “network sharing” term has been used in a broad manner encompassing different
perspectives. Hence, in order to establish a solid common understanding, the following definition is adopted:
 “Network sharing” refers to the shared use of a network, or a part of it, by multiple users. Different types of
services for different user organizations may be provided through the shared network by one or several
network operators that may have a different degree of control over the resources of the shared network.
Different views on “network sharing” approaches considered in different contexts are discussed in the following to
assess the suitability of the proposed definition.
In the context of mobile cellular networks, “network sharing” has been mainly used to refer to the sharing of network
infrastructure in the core and radio access networks among multiple operators. Document 3GPP TR 21.905 Error!
Reference source not found. defines:
 RAN sharing: Two or more CN operators share the same RAN, i.e. a RAN node (RNC or BSC) is connected to
multiple CN nodes (SGSNs and MSC/VLRs) belonging to different CN operators
5. Operational and technical requirements
6. Taxonomy of network and spectrum sharing use cases
6.1.
Introduction
6.2.
Network Sharing Use Cases
Several cases of “network sharing” can be distinguished attending to the relations that may exist between the shared
network, the network operator(s) involved in the service provisioning through that network and the potential users of
the network.
In the following, these cases are firstly described individually and eventually integrated in a comprehensive taxonomy
covering all the identified “network sharing” views.
Case A - Several user organizations share the same network. A single network operator is in charge of network
management and communication services provisioning.
This case is illustrated in Figure 1. Network N1 is managed exclusively by network operator O1 that provides
communication services to several user organizations Ui-O1, i=1..n. All users might have access to a set of common
services from the network (e.g., PSTN voice calls, Internet access) together with a set of private/customised services per
user (e.g., talk group services, directory services, information databases, etc.).
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Two main technical challenges can be identified in this scenario:
 How the capacity of the shared network is effectively shared among the different user organisations. This could
be required in the case of a crisis scenario where network congestion may appear and the different responding
organizations need to have access to different amount of communication resources.
 How communications services can be dynamically provisioned to allow communications between different user
organisations. This could be required in the case of a crisis scenario, where inter-organisation communications
need to be supported.
Users
(individuals,
organizations)
U1-O1
…
Un-O1
Network N1
Operator O1
Capacity & Services
Network operator that provides and manages communication services over the network
Network operator that offers communications services to the end users (individuals,
organizations)
Figure 1. Illustration of “network sharing” referred to as “Case A”.
Case B - Several user organizations share the same network. Several network operators are in charge of network
management and communication services provisioning in the shared network.
This case is illustrated in Figure 2. Network operators O1 and O2 offer communication services to their respective users
over the same shared network or part of its components.
Business models, regulatory framework and technical solutions determine different network sharing models between
the network operators. Hence, from a technical perspective, two major categories of network sharing solutions can be
identified in this case Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference
source not found.: passive radio access network (RAN) sharing and active RAN sharing. Passive RAN sharing covers
site and access transmission sharing. Active RAN sharing encompasses equipment sharing in the radio access network
and potentially spectrum sharing. The degree of control that each operator has over network resources can be different
depending on the network sharing model.
The technical challenges to be addressed in this scenario are the same as for Case A (network capacity sharing and
dynamic inter-organisation service provisioning) but now considering that more than one operator are involved in
network management and communication services provisioning over the same network infrastructure or some of its
components.
ETSI
11
Users
(individuals,
organizations)
U1-O1
…
Un-O1
Operator O1
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
U1-O2
Network N1
Capacity & Services
…
Um-O2
Operator O2
Network operator that provides and manages communication services over the network
Network operator that offers communications services to the end users (individuals,
organizations)
Figure 2. Illustration of “network sharing” referred to as “Case B”.
Case C – Several user organizations share the same network. The home network of some of the users is not the shared
network.
This case is illustrated in Figure 3. Operator O3 is the home operator1 for users Ui-O3, i=1..p. Operator O3 could have
its own network N2. This network would be the home network2 for users Ui-O3. However, users Ui-O3 might also be
served over network N1 managed by operator O1. In this case, users Ui-O3 are referred to as visiting users and the
network N1 as visited network. This situation is enabled under appropriate roaming 3 agreements between network
operators.
Compared to Case A and B, the main novel technical challenge arising in this scenario is:
 How networks N1 and N2 shall interwork to allow visiting users (Ui-O3) to get access to
communication services (either provided by the visited network N1 itself or provided by the home
network N2) over the visited network (N1).
Network interworking is also an embedded technical challenge within network capacity sharing and dynamic interorganisation service provisioning challenges already identified in Cases A and B that now shall also cover the presence
of visiting users and involving both networks (e.g. in case that N2 network is also available in the crisis scenario).
The case that operator O3 is a virtual network operator4 is a particular situation of Case C.
1 Home operator: the network operator to which a specific user has subscribed Error! Reference source not found..
2 Home network: network where a subscriber has a direct subscription. This means that a subscriber identity has been allocated in advance of any
network access Error! Reference source not found..
3 Roaming: ability for a user to function in a serving network different from the home network Error! Reference source not found..
4Virtual network operator: definition to be completed.
ETSI
12
Users
(individuals,
organizations)
U1-O1
…
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Un-O1
Network N1
Operator O1
Capacity & Services
Network N2
Operator O3
U1-O3
…
Capacity & Services
Up-O3
Network operator that provides and manages communication services over the network
Network operator that offers communications services to the end users (individuals,
organizations)
Network operators holding roaming agreements
Figure 3. Illustration of “network sharing” referred to as “Case C”.
The three cases A, B and C are captured within the diagram depicted in Figure 4.
U1-O1
…
Case A
Un-O1
Operator O1
U1-O2
Network N1
Capacity & Services
…
Um-O2
Operator O2
Case B
Operator O3
U1-O3
…
Network N2
Capacity & Services
Up-O3
Case C
Network operator that provides and manages communication services over the network
Network operator that offers communications services to the end users (individuals,
organizations)
Network operators holding roaming agreements
Figure 4. Illustration of different “network sharing” scenarios
ETSI
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6.3.
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Spectrum Sharing Use Cases
Unlike “network sharing”, there is a higher harmonisation around the meaning of “spectrum sharing” throughout
research, standardisation and regulatory communities. Despite this level of harmonization, only IEEE 1900.1 standard
Error! Reference source not found. from IEEE DYSPAN Standards Committee addressing the development of
standards related to dynamic spectrum access networks, provides a formal definition for “spectrum sharing”:
 Spectrum sharing is the application of technical methods and operational procedures to permit
multiple users to coexist in the same region of spectrum.
where coexistence is defined in the same document as “the ability of two or more spectrum-dependent devices or
networks to operate without harmful interference”. A note in IEEE 1900.1 standard complementing above definition
states that “coexistence may be achieved by numerous methods such as coordinating time usage (e.g., time sharing),
geographic separation, frequency separation, directive antennas, orthogonal modulations, etc. In the past, the
employment of these mechanisms has typically been on a static, preplanned basis. In advanced radio systems, the
employment and configuration of these features is increasingly dynamic and may be implemented in real-time by the
radio device or network in response to changing conditions and objectives”. A further distinction is also done in IEEE
1900.1 between “horizontal spectrum sharing” and “vertical spectrum sharing” attending to whether users sharing the
spectrum have equal or different regulatory spectrum access rights, respectively.
At European level, ETSI does not provide a formal definition for spectrum sharing Error! Reference source not
found. though the concept is extensively used in technical committees such as RRS. In any case, a description, yet not a
formal definition, for “spectrum sharing” is provided in a joint ETSI-CEPT document Error! Reference source not
found. as:
 “Sharing” is a term usually used to describe co-existence with an incumbent radiocommunications
application(-s) within the same frequency band as proposed for new application(s).
This description of spectrum sharing, although formulated in a context with incumbent and new users, clearly fits within
the IEEE 1900.1 definition.
In the regulatory domain, ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) in charge of global management of the radiofrequency spectrum, does not provide either a formal definition for spectrum sharing Error! Reference source not
found. although again addressed spectrum sharing issues are consistent with previous definitions. As a matter of fact,
the ICT Regulation Toolkit co-produced by ITU, comprises a module for “Radio Spectrum Management” where the
following ideas about spectrum sharing are stated:
 Spectrum sharing typically involves more than one user sharing the same piece of spectrum for
different applications or using different technologies.
 Spectrum sharing encompasses several techniques – some administrative, technical and market-based.
Sharing can be accomplished through licensing and/or commercial arrangements involving
spectrum leases and spectrum trading. Spectrum can also be shared in several dimensions; time,
space and geography.
Figure 5 illustrates different amounts of spectrum that might be potentially used for emergency communications in an
incident area attending to involved users, network operators and available network infrastructures.
ETSI
14
Users
(individuals,
organizations)
U1-O1
…
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Un-O1
Operator O1
Operator O3
U1-O3
…
Up-O3
Operator O2
U1-O2
…
Operator O4
Up-O2
Operator O5
Spectrum Individual usage rights
Operator that provides and manages communication services
over the network
Operator that offers communications services to the end user
(individuals,organizations)
Relationships between network operators to manage access and service
provisioning to roaming users through their respective networks
Figure 5. Illustration of different “spectrum sharing” scenarios
In particular, considering that individual spectrum rights to use a given spectrum band, if any, are granted to network
operators, the scenario depicted in Figure 5 considers that:
 Operator 1, whose network N1 is deployed in the incident area, has spectrum usage rights over S1. O1’s users
will be using communication services in the incident area.
 Operator 2, whose network N2 is deployed in the incident area, has spectrum usage rights over S2. O2’s users
will be will be using communication services in the incident area. Network sharing principles can be in place
between N1 and N2.
 Operator 3 does not have a network deployed in the incident area. However, O3’s users will need to get access to
communication services in the incident area, thanks to network sharing principles with N1. Operator 3 has
spectrum usage rights over S3 spectrum in the incident area.
 Operator 4, whose network N4 is deployed in the incident area, has spectrum usage rights over S4. In this case,
there are not network sharing principles in place between N1 and N4.
 Operator 5 does not have a network deployed in the incident area. Operator 5 has spectrum usage rights over S5
in the incident area.
 S0 is accesible under non-individual usage rights.
Over such a basis, spectrum sharing in the above identified types of spectrum S0 to S5 results in different technical
challenges.
Spectrum S0
This represents a portion of spectrum where no individual and exclusive spectrum usage rights are in place. Instead, this
spectrum is considered to be managed under a “collective use of spectrum (CUS)” model Error! Reference source not
found. and be available for public safety communications in the incident zone. The main challenge is how this spectrum
can be efficiently shared by the different responding organisations that may be using diverse communications means
and have different communications needs. This portion of spectrum does not provide guarantees to the users because of
the risk of wireless interference or denial of service. As a consequence, this spectrum is not viable for mission critical
applications.
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draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Spectrum S1
Individual rights of use owned by O1 ensure that spectrum S1 shall be always available in the incident area. In any case,
individual spectrum usage right does not preclude the possibility that, whenever and wherever S1 is not required by O1,
this spectrum can be shared with other users. Regardless of which spectrum sharing solution could be adopted, the main
technical challenge will be to provide enough guarantees that the shared portion of S1 spectrum shall be recovered by
O1 whenever it is required. A pre-emptive approach can be proposed, where O1 have administrative rights to shutdown
secondary users and devices.
Spectrum S2
This spectrum alone is analog to S1. However, the consideration of the spectrum pool formed by S1 and S2 as the
overall spectrum available for operators O1 and O2 enables the introduction of spectrum sharing solutions for S1 and
S2 between operators O1 and O2. The main challenge for these solutions is how to effectively assign/distribute S1+S2
spectrum across N1 and N2 networks attending to the particular communications needs arisen in the incident area.
Spectrum S3
Individual usage rights of this spectrum belong to O3 that in this case does not have any network infrastructure covering
the incident area. Hence, spectrum sharing solutions are needed to facilitate S3 spectrum to be used as required in the
incident area. Considering that some of the users served by O3 are expected to participate in the incident response, part
of S3 spectrum might be needed for the operation of fast deployable communication equipment these users could bring
into the affected place. As well, part of the S3 spectrum could be used for networks N1 and N2 to support Un-O3 users
communications. Additionally, part of S3 spectrum could also be used to serve O1 and O2 users.
Spectrum S4
This spectrum is owned by operator O4 and totally or partially used in network N4 deployed in the incident area. This
network is not considered to directly support communications services for the responding organizations. Hence, the
main challenge here is how to gain access to part of spectrum S4 available in the incident area with a controlled
disruption of the services provided over N4.
Spectrum S5
This spectrum is owned by operator O5 that does not have any network any network infrastructure covering the incident
area nor any user participating in the incident response. Hence, the main challenge here is how to gain access to part of
this spectrum available in the incident area. In this case, service disruption of operator O5 is not at risk.
7. System Aspects
7.1.
Introduction
7.2.
Taxonomy of system architectures
7.3.
Definition of interfaces
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7.4.
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)
Evolution of current radio access technologies
7.4.1. TETRA
7.4.2. Long Term Evolution (LTE)
7.4.3. ECMA 392
8. Regulatory aspects
9. Business and market aspects
10. Conclusions
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11. History
Document history
V 0.0.1
August 2011
Initial draft
ETSI
draft ETSI TR TR102 970 V0.0.1 (2011-09)