Cell Biology
Unit One
Cell Measurements
Micrometer (micron) –one millionth of a meter
Cell
Measurements
Nanometer
(millimicron) –one
billionth of a meter
Robert
Hooke
Antoine van
Leeuwenhoek
Robert Brown
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Karl Nageli
Rudolf Virchow
The Cell Theory
All organisms consist of one or more
cells
The cell is the basic unit of life
All cells arise from pre-existing
cells
Cell
Biology
Foundation
Biochemistry
s
Cytology
Genetics
Cell Biology Foundations
Cytology
- the study of the structure of
the cell (300+ years old)
- improved microscopy has led
to the discovery of cell
structures and functions
- led to the discipline of
histology
Cell Biology Foundations
Biochemistry
- the chemistry of organisms
(200 years old)
- discovery that organics are
produced from inorganics
- discovery of enzymes
Cell Biology Foundations
Biochemistry
- discovery of metabolic
pathways
- discovery and use of improved
methods and equipment
Cell Biology Foundations
Genetics
- the function of genes and
flow of information from one
generation to the next (150
years old)
- Mendel’s pioneering work in
the 1860’s
Cell Biology Foundations
Genetics
- identification of chromosomes
and the chromosome theory of
heredity
- DNA the major component of
chromosomes
- discovery and role of genes
Cell Biology Foundations
Genetics
- Watson & Crick DNA model
- cracking the genetic code
- development of recombinant
DNA technology, DNA
sequencing, cloning, etc.
The Compound Light Microscope
The Compound Light Microscope
Phase-Contrast Microscopy
Differential Interference
Contrast Microscopy
Fluorescence Microscopy
Electron Microscopes
Electron
Microscopes
Transmission Electron Microscopes
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Images
Scanning Electron Microscopes
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Images
Electron Microscopy Preparation
Tools and Techniques
Ultra microtome
Negative Staining
Electron Microscopy Preparation
Tools and Techniques
Freeze Fracturing
Shadowing
Other Cell Biology Techniques
Centrifugation
- read Box 12A pages 322-326
Chromatography
- read pages 164-165
Electrophoresis
- read page 176, diagram 177