AUSTRALIA
ATMOSPHERE
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Air quality is classified as good
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6 major gases contributing to air pollution are carbon monoxide,
nitrogen dioxide, photochemical oxidants, sulfur dioxide, lead
and particles
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Motor vehicles are the main cause for air pollution
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Northern Australia experiences the southeast trade winds while
southern Australia experiences westerlies
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Many local winds are experienced here including
- brick fielder, hot dry wind in southern Australia
- southerly buster, low pressure cell that cools down Sydney
Australia in summer
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Experiences El Nino off the eastern coast of Australia
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Fronts experienced are?
- Tropical maritime along the north coast of
Australia bringing heavy rain and tropical cyclones
- Tropical continental mainly occurs over central Australia and
brings hot and dry conditions with a lack of moisture
- subtropical continental resides mainly over southern Australia
bringing warm and dry conditions
ATMOSPHERE
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2nd driest continent
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Annual rainfall below 600 mm
on over 80% of the continent
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Regular snowfall is
encountered along the great
divide mountain range
between November and
December
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Cyclones are encountered
between November and April
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Most common cloud
formations seen over Australia
are cirrus, wall clouds,
cumulus/ cumulonibus
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Warm and cold fronts are
very common
ATMOSPHERE
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Large part of Australia
has a desert climate
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Northern part of
Australia has a tropical
climate
Hydrosphere
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Good water quality
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Increasing threat of droughts due to low amounts
of yearly rainfall. Leading to a reduction of rivers,
dam water levels
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Most of Australia's fresh water comes from reservoirs

The water cycle is the movement of water on and
in earths surface. The earths water changes states
from a liquid to gas to solid and then back again.
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Australia has the longest costal current in the world

Costal currents forms on Australia's west coast and
travel down until it breaks into a bunch of south
and eastward rivers until it empties into the Tasman
sea and the southern ocean
HYDROSPHERE
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Australia has 245 river basins
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Australian Aquafers
- Alluvial aquafer: Formed by sediments such as gravel and sand deposited by rivers
-Coastal Aquafers: formed by sand deposited along the coast by wind and water
-Fractured rocks: fractures and fissures within rock store and transmit water
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3% of earths water is fresh water

King river is the most polluted water source in Australia due to mining
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Great barrier reefs water quality has been greatly damaged by water pollution

14 billion plastic bottles are used every year in Australia

6.9 billion plastic bags are used by Australians every year
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Most Australian rivers are located near the coast

An irrigation system was built on the murphy river causing salinity and water
quality issues
BIOSPHERE
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Australia has 14 biosphere reserves
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A biosphere reserve are protected areas that manage to combine conservation and natural resources
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Renewable energy sources make up 14% of Australia's electricity production

Hydropower is the largest source of renewable energy source
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- coal power plants (77%)
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-natural gas (13%)
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-hydropower (7%)
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-oil (1%)
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-biomass (.6%)

-solar and wind (.3%)

Non renewable resources used are coal, oil
BIOSPHERE
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BIOMES?
- tropical: consists of closed canopy rain forests
- savanna: consists of grassland or woodlands
- deserts: barren of vegetation

Limiting factors: water, population, pollution, resources, space

Australia's carrying capacity is calculated to be between 8 and 12 million it
has now exceeded 22.5 million and is rapidly increasing

Australia ha the 7th largest ecological footprint per person in the world
due to carbon emissions and amount of land for grazing and crops
LITHOSPHERE
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Oldest rocks in Australia
- Uluru: Northern territory
- kata tjuta: Northern territory
-wave rock: Western Australia
- Bald rock: new south wales/Queensland border
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Victoria was the first state in Australia to ban fracking to ensure agriculture will be prosperous

Fracking is the process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks, so as to force open
existing fissures and extract the oil or gas
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Fossils
- worlds best example of dinosaur tracks is fund in Queensland Australia along with Australia's largest
dinosaur named after the town
LITHOSPHERE
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North easterly part of Australia there is a convergent
boundary
Convergent plate boundary's are were 2 plates push
against each other
The pacific plate is subducted under the Australian
plate
Australia has had 10 earthquakes in the last year
Australian Volcanos are caused by hot spots
Many Australian volcanos are extinct one dormant
volcano resides in Victoria Australia
Australia has regular seismic activity and a long
history of mountain making due to lots of moving
fault lines
The mid Indian ridge is a mountain range that
separates the pacific and Australian plates
SPACE
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SEASONS?
-summer is December to February
-Fall is march to may
-Winter is June to August
-Spring is September to November

During seasons?
-January-February: wet months
-April-may: Hot days start
-June to August: Winter
-August-Setember: the humid time
-November –December: first rain
SPACE
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NASA asked Australia if they could
borrow there telescopes to help with the
live transmission of images from space

Australia has a long history of helping
NASA with space exploration

Sunlight is experience approximately
between 9am and 3 pm local time
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The Antarctic ozone hole is centered
over Australia
WORKS CITED
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Atmosphere
Keywood, Melita, Dr. "Atmosphere." Atmosphere. N.P., 2017. Web. 17 May 2017
Wells, Kathryn. "Australian weather and seasons." Australian.gov.au. N.P., n.p. Web. 17 May 2017.
Buckly, Bruce. "Air masses influencing Australian weather." N.P., n.p.. web. 17 May 2017.
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Hydroshpere
"Welcome to all-about-that-water-filters.com!" ALL ABOUT WATER FILTERS . N.P., n.p. web. 17 May 2017.
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Biosphere
"Applying Geoscience to Australia's most important challenges." Geoscience Australia. N.P., n.p.
17 May 2017
"Australian biomes." Welcome to the medical university of south carilna. N.P., n.p. 17 May 2017
Flannery, Tim. "What is Australia's carrying capacity." (we) can do better. N.P. n.p. 17 May 2017
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Lithosphere
"recent earthquakes near Australia." N.P.,n.p. 17 May 2017
Seach, John. "Volcano live." John seach . N.P. n.p. 17 May 2017
Robins, gary. "fault lines weaving across southern Australia." N>P> n.p. 17 May 2017
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Space