What you'll need:
Water
A large bowl with a lip around the top (a smaller
bowl or cup will work too)
A strip of material or cloth
Soapy mixture for making bubbles (water and
some dishwashing liquid should do the trick)
Dry ice - one piece for a cup, more for a bowl.
Places where adults can buy dry ice include large
grocery stores and Walmart. Butchers and ice cream
stores might have some too.
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Safety first!
Be careful with dry ice as it can cause skin damage if
not used safely. Adults should handle dry ice with
gloves and avoid directly breathing in the vapor.
What you'll need:

A plastic bag or light material

Scissors

String

A small object to act as the weight, a little
action figure would be perfect
1. Cut out a large square from your plastic bag or
material.
2. Trim the edges so it looks like an octagon (an
eight sided shape).
3. Cut a small whole near the edge of each side.
4. Attach 8 pieces of string of the same length to
each of the holes.
5. Tie the pieces of string to the object you are
using as a weight.
Hopefully your parachute will descend slowly
to the ground, giving your weight a
comfortable landing. When you release the
parachute the weight pulls down on the
strings and opens up a large surface area of
material that uses air resistance to slow it
down. The larger the surface area the more
air resistance and the slower the parachute
will drop.
Cutting a small hole in the middle of the
parachute will allow air to slowly pass through
it rather than spilling out over one side, this
should help the parachute fall straighter.
What you'll need:
•An orange
•A deep bowl or container
•Water
Instructions:
•Fill the bowl with water.
•Put the orange in the water and watch what
happens.
•Peel the rind from the orange and try the
experiment again, what happens this time?
What's happening?
The first time you put the orange in the bowl of
water it probably floated on the surface, after
you removed the rind however, it probably sunk
to the bottom, why?
The rind of an orange is full of tiny air pockets
which help give it a lower density than water,
making it float to the surface. Removing the rind
(and all the air pockets) from the orange
increases its density higher than that of water,
making it sink. Density is the mass of an object
relative to its volume. Objects with a lot of
matter in a certain volume have a high density,
while objects with a small amount of matter in
the same volume have a low density.
What you'll need:
•Half a lemon
•Water
•Spoon
•Bowl
•Cotton bud
•White paper
•Lamp or other light bulb
Instructions:
•Squeeze some lemon juice into the bowl and
add a few drops of water.
•Mix the water and lemon juice with the spoon.
•Dip the cotton bud into the mixture and write
a message onto the white paper.
•Wait for the juice to dry so it becomes
completely invisible.
•When you are ready to read your secret
message or show it to someone else, heat the
paper by holding it close to a light bulb.
What's happening?
Lemon juice is an organic substance that
oxidizes and turns brown when heated.
Diluting the lemon juice in water makes it
very hard to notice when you apply it the
paper, no one will be aware of its presence
until it is heated and the secret message is
revealed. Other substances which work in
the same way include orange juice, honey,
milk, onion juice, vinegar and wine. Invisible
ink can also be made using chemical
reactions or by viewing certain liquids under
ultraviolet (UV) light.
What you'll need:
•A glass filled right to the top with water
•A piece of cardboard
Instructions:
1.Put the cardboard over the mouth of the glass,
making sure that no air bubbles enter the glass as
you hold onto the cardboard.
2.Turn the glass upside down (over a sink or
outside until you get good).
3.Take away your hand holding the cardboard.
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Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table.
It has an atomic number of 1. It is highly flammable
and is the most common element found in our
universe.
Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 kelvin (−196 °C,
−321 °F).
Around 1% of the sun’s mass is oxygen.
Helium is lighter than the air around us so it floats,
that's why it is perfect for the balloons you get at
parties.
Carbon comes in a number of different forms
(allotropes), these include diamond, graphite and
impure forms such as coal.
Under normal conditions, oil and water do not mix.
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Although it is still debated, it is largely recognized that
the word 'chemistry' comes from an Egyptian word
meaning 'earth'.
The use of various forms of chemistry is believed to go
back as long ago as the Ancient Egyptians. By 1000 BC
civilizations were using more complex forms of
chemistry such as using plants for medicine, extracting
metal from ores, fermenting wine and making
cosmetics.
Things invisible to the human eye can often be seen
under UV light, which comes in handy for both
scientists and detectives.
Humans breathe out carbon dioxide (CO2). Using energy
from sunlight, plants convert carbon dioxide into food
during a process called photosynthesis.
Chemical reactions occur all the time, including through
everyday activities such as cooking. Try adding an acid
such as vinegar to a base such as baking soda and see
what happens!
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Above 4 °C, water expands when heated and contracts
when cooled. But between 4 °C and 0 °C it does the
opposite, contracting when heated and expanding when
cooled. Stronger hydrogen and oxygen bonds are formed
as the water crystallizes into ice. By the time it's frozen
it takes up around 9% more space.
Often formed under intense pressure over time, a crystal
is made up of molecules or atoms that are repeated in a
three dimensional repeating pattern. Quartz is a well
known example of a crystal.
Athletes at the Olympic Games have to be careful how
much coffee they drink. The caffeine in coffee is a banned
substance because it can enhance performance. One or two
cups are fine but they can go over the limit with more
than five. (update - as of 2004 caffeine has been taken
back off the WADA banned list but its use will be closely
monitored to prevent future abuse by athletes.)
By- Aditri Narula
VII-A
Delhi Public School Ghaziabad
International