T
IDEPA
Fu17!1Ep
FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA AND Fc7RY
Translation Series No. 1227
JUL L 1989 .
/ 4/ \
A 1 ,2 A D A
Oxygen debt during intensive muscular work in the
mullet. (Mugil auratus Risso)
A
By K.D. Alekseeva
Original title: Kislorodnyi dolg pri intensivnoi myshechnoi
• rabote u kefali.
From:
Biologiya Morya. Fiziologicheskie osnovy ekologii
vodnykh zhivotnykh, 15: 104-112, 1968.
Translated by the Translation Bureau( WDP)
Foreign Languages Division
Department of the Secretary of State of Canada
Fisheries Research Board of Canada
Marine Ecology Laboratory
Dartmouth, N.S.
1969
18 pages -typescript
-r ')I
DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT
TRANSLATION BUREAU
BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS
FOREIGN LANGUAGES DIVISION
DIVISION DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES
YOUR NO.
VOTRE N 0
,
'. ,
OUR NO.
NOTRE N °
0058
-
DIVICION/DRANCH
CITY.
MINISTIRE
DIVIZION/DIRECTION
VILLE
Fisheries and
Forestry
769-18-14
•
DERARTMENT
Ottawa
Fisheries Research
Board
LANGUAGE
TRANGLATOR (INITIALs)
LANGUE
TRADUCTEUR (INITIALEs)
Russian
/12. 2
DATE
ivy 1 2
WDP
Biologiya Morya. Fiziologicheskie osnovy ekologii
vodnykh zhivotnykh. (Marine Biology. Physiological
Foundations of the Ecology of Aquatic Animals), Vol 15,
1968, pp 104-112.
Oxygen Debt During Intensive Muscular
Work in the Mullet
•
UNEDUED DRAFT TRAW.LATI3N
Only for infcrrivek.n
RADUCT ON NON Rf„M:f..11::Ei
„ .Snformation soulernont
By K. D. •Alekseeva, Institute
of the Biology of the
Southern Seas, Academy of
Sciences of the Ukrainian
MR.
Fish under natural conditions are, as a rule, in
/104*
constant movement associated with the various functions of
their organisms (nutritive, defensive, spawning, etc.)
The determination, therefore, of the consumption of energy
during the active movement of fish is of decided interest.
When fish swim intensiVely, the total energy exchange
rises sharply, and can exceed by many time3the exchange in a
state of rest (Ivlev, 1962a; Alekseeva, 1965; Spoor, 1946;
Fry and Hart, 1948; Graham, 1949; Brett,.1964).
When the activity of movement decreases, there is a
* Numbers in the right margin indicate the corresponding pages in
the original.
1
2.
drop in the exchange»•and it returns to its original level.
The exchange, however, reaches its initial level not at the
moment when the intensive motor activity of the animal (i.e.,
fish) ceases, but with a certain lag.
This delay is deterfained
by the time required to restore the oxygen debt that has
formed in the process of intensive work.
The purpose of the present study was to determine
the relative significance of the oxygen debt in the total
exchange of fish, and the duration of the recovery period.
Material and Methods
The main research was carried out on the mullet
uil auratus Risso), and a minor proportion, on the pickarel
(Spicara ,)maris L.).
The most successful object of the experiments proved
to be the mullet, a relatively good swimmer, Wâich thrived
under laboratory conditions. The pickarel were used only for
obtaining preliminary data.
The weight of the mullets used
in the experiments ranged from 110 to 190 grams.
The experiments were carried out in the winter of
1961-62 and the summer of 1962 at water temperatures of 110
and 17,5 to 20.5 0 C. The water temperatures in the natural . /105
habitats of the fish did not differ from those in the experi-
ments by more than 2 to 3 0 C.
Translatorts Notes. * The unmodified word "exchange" appearing
in the remainder of the text, is presumed
to imply "energy exchange".
** This equivalent is taken from Russian-English
Glossary of Nambs of Aquatic Organisms and
Other Biological and Related Terms, compiled by
W.E.Ricker, FtLsheries Research Board of Cangda.
Panaimo,B.C., Aug. 1902.
3.
The bulk .of the measurements was made at temperatures
of 17.5 to 20.5 ° C, and only a small proportion, at 11 ° C.
All
of the results were reduced to 20°C by meanS of temperature
coefficients calculated by G. G. Vinberg (1956) • on the basis
of Krogts "normal curve".
The fish were caught with fixed fishing gear in coastal
waters and were delivered to the laboratory in barrels or
canvas tanks containing seawater.
In the laboratory they were
kept in a large, glazed-tile tank or in glass aquaria with a
constant flow of seawater. Beginning on the second or third
day after they were caught, the fish were given plenty of
finely cut-up mussel meat. Towards the end of each day the
remains of food were removed.
The feeding of the fish in the
experiment was stopped 24 hours before the experiment began.
For measurements, healthy fish were selected that had
first been kept under laboratory conditions for no less than
a week. The exchange in the mullet was determined in individual
specimens.
In some cases, the same fish were used in rdifferent7
experiments, There were intervals of a few days between
repeated observations; Three to five pickarel specimens at a
time were placed in a respirometer.
these fish was about 30 grams.
The average weight of
The oxygen content of the water
was determined by Winklerts method.
The respirometer consisted of a hydrodynamic trough
(rittAlc, ) ii-tcZt; )
2
made of organic glass in the form of a closed, ring-shaped pipe
with a capacity of 25.35 litres, representing a modified
Kovalevskaya instrument (Ivlev, 1962b).
The working chamber
in which the fish were placed had the appearance of a
cylinder O.
metres long and 0.12 metres in diameter.
At the
beginning and end of the working chamber were inserted stabilizing gratings that secured a uniform flow of water. A
special device consisting of a stabilizer, an automatic transformer, a voltmeter, a decelerator and a screw propeller9
permitted regulation of the speed of movement of the water in
the respirometer.
The speed of movement characterizing the muscular
load was measured with the aid of a specially designed current
meter
(Alekseeva, 1964).
Experimental
eourr
In the process of research, measurements were made
of normal exchange, total exchanqe with intensive movement,
and exchange during the recovery period after an intensive
muscular load.
A normal exchange was taken as the consumption
of energy measured at the mjrnimum speed of the water (10.5 cm/sec)
ri
`----c,e4244-f»
v poi
causing a rheophre-reflex in the fish.
The maximum speeds, and the time during which the fish
maintained them, were selected empirically..
On the basis of preliminary observations it was established that the most effective speed of movement was 88cm/sec,
with a load duration of 30 minutes.
Such a load value was
taken as normal when we determined the oxygen debt developed.
/106
r.
•
The oxygen debt was calculated from the difference
in the oxygen consumption during the recovery period and
during the period preceding intensive movement by the fish,
i.e., from the difference between the total exchange during
the recovery period and the normal exchange of the fish.
The amount of the active exchange was obtained by subtracting
the normal exchange from the total exchange during intensive
movement. We have assigned the oxygen debt formed in the
process of intensive movement to the consumption of energy
on active exchange.
Order of Experiments
The fish that had first been selected were carefully
transferred to a respirometer and kept for no less than two
hours prior to the beginning of the experiment in flowing
seawater uniformly mixed by the slow turning of the screw
propeller.
In rare instances the fish on the eve of the
experiment were left in the respirometer for the night.
During the ensuing two hours, measurements were made
of the normal exchange when the water was moving very slowly.
Then a load of 88 cm/sec was applied for 30 minutes, after
which the speed of the water was slowed to the initial 10.5
cm/sec. We continued to measure the exchange throughout the
entire recovery period at a speed of 10.5 cm/sec.
duration of the experiment was
5
The total
to 7.5 hours. Samples of
the water being studied were taken every 30 minutes after
o.
the fish were transferred to the respirometer, with the
exception of cases where the duration of the intensive swimming
loads was less bhan 30 minutes.
While the samples were being selected, the motor
actuating the screw propellor was switched off in order to
prevent the entry into the samples of a mixture of the water
being studied , and newly added (when the“samples were taken)
water.
In order to avoid excessive reduction of the oxygen
content in the respirometer, we partrally replaced the water
in it periodically.
This last operabion was usually confined
to the time at which the samples were taken.
Results of ExperiMents and Discussion
Preliminary observations showed that the amount of the
load, and the time during which the fish sustained it, were
inversely related: the greater the load, the less was the time
that fish were capable of sustaining it. Thus a mullet weighing about 150 grams
(148 to 153 grams) swam freely for no
less than 30 minutes in a stream moving at a speed of 88
cm/sec, but where the speed of the stream was 105 cm/sec e
the fish was pinned to the distributing grating of the chamber
in only 10 minutes (see Table 1).
7.
Table 1
The Time-Load Ratio in a Mullet Woighinp; 150 Grams
at 18 ° C
.
oralu-,„ /„..
o'ô men,
oimac
m,Iil
•
•
.
9,34
12,30
10,60
10,26
12,16
U,94
Malccae,,,,
,, bn an
cuopocriu.,
Bpema au- 061'01 :1 '35- Alerunimil
Tencuanoro me" '11) "
oGmeu, .1:.1
ii „.ocaaa, Tunnimm
odoc •
.17311:,K=51,
noanaussu,
.t.Whi
2 4-...m/cch:
105
103
98
95
'8S
66
t_
10
12
15
9-0
30
30
.2
el.
»tac
, t.,4 , 82
76,90
63,92
51,34
65,48
47,74
5.
•
K;iczopo,rI- BP em "
n
n;sita (:"
uwit Aor,
,A 0.,'„, KUCJIOPe'
Ilona Ao..-;ra,
6.
50,62
70,85
57,30
48,50
58,88
35,80
7:,,,,,i
5,14 •
6,25
3,98
7,42
5,56
—_
60
60
60
30
30 .
__
Key:
1.
Normal exchange, in ml 02/hour;
2. maximum speed, in cm/sec;
3.
time of intensive swimming, in min.;
4.
total exchange during intensive swimming, in
ml 02/hour;
5.
active exchange,'in ml 0 2/hour;
6.
oxygen debt, in ml 02/hour;
7.
time of liquidation of oxygen debt, in minutes.
The pickarel maintained a speed of 66 cm/sec for
no more than 10 to 1 5 minutes (see Table 2).
8.
Table 2
Exchange and Oxygen Debt in Pickarel at a Speed
of 66 cm/sec and a Temperature of 12° O
Cr
r- Bpemn
1;11- 0611u1i1 o4- Azzrutulli;i1
o6mos, .u.1
Be .•p4u5LI, 11i o;.1011, %.clic;;Buore;.;_eli, ...t..z
a
.u.I 0,./qac noaoamiii,
2..
1.
SS
.
-163
156
f 12,60
1 20,68
17,20 1
•
0 : »tac
4..
3:"
i
37,8 1
58,15
• 60,12
9
12
15
Klic.nopog- fir..cmg ;1:1Kri au a ru;
111.11 .1. 2wir,
..teA
Ch/qac
5.
0 2/tac
6.
29,87
41,34
' 49,84
•
11070
goAra, Àtun
4,60
8,87
6,92
7. •
3d
SO
60
.
1.
Weight of fish, in,grams;
2.
normal exchange, in ml 02/hour;
3.
time of intensive swimming, in minutes;
4.:
total exchange, in ml 0 2/hour;
5.
active exchange, in'ml 0 2/hour;
6 oxygen debt, in ml 02/hour; ,
,
7.
time of liquidation of oxygen debt, in min.
The main results of the determinations of normal,
active, and total exchange and of the oxygen debt are shown
in Table 3.
The values of the exchange and of the oxygen debt are
given in millilitres of 02 p e r hour per fish.
The greatest absolute oxygen debt value obtained under
the conditions of the given experiment was equal to 9.70 ml
of oxygen (90 mg 02/kg).
The time of liqùidation of the
oxygen debt was 30 to 60 minutes.
9.
Some
Brett,
1958)
in -v ,utigators
and
1947
1957; Graham,
1949;
noted in their studies that the relation
ha
of the active
(Fry,
(-),:change
to the temperature in a number of
cases differs from that for the normal exchange. These differences have been clearly manifested in the area of extreme
temperatures and depend upon the ecological peculiarities of
species. In the area of average temperatures the curve of
variation of the active exchange runs parallel to the normal
exchange.
Table 3
Exchang2 and Oxygen Deb% in the Mullet
at a Movement Speed of 88 am/sec
7- , .8-.
!- ru‹ , ., 01)0,w.ii,-,00,- •
,.,pc,i,
-
13 °''
I1
piACibr, IpaTypa
O
0001,1,
I
°C
1. 12.
Key:
1.
.1)0
,I30
.• 110
ISO
•70
125
123
125
1 .) 5
135
135
140
150
155
160
' 160
160
185
190
190
06- 1 AU'ill13111,Iii
CTZ■ ! ■:::IP'r
OtiNtelt, .4111
oGmoil,; mcol,
I • O,/pic
0,duac
2‘.2
3.
11,0
7,16
22,84
11,0
11,0
24,46
9,56
11,0
11,0
20,28
13,30
13,0
19,5
11,96
19,5
14,46
20,5
I 2 ,92
17,5
11,78
18,5 , 15,14
19,0
10,98
16,0 - 12,16
19,0
11,36
11,24
16,0
20,5
13,00
20,0 .12,76
)8,5
16,18
10,68
18,0
19,5
15,20
4.
-
,,,,,,,,„..,.
5.
6.
46,78
45,10
18,14
31,18
56,92
70,12
62,14
56,12
68,18
61,20
57,84 - 53,87
58,20 • 51,41
61,04
51,62
56,24
47,70
58,12
53,60
52,10
43,10
54,18
19,65
65,48
58,88
61,54
59,88
79,14
70,96
76,06
68,94
70,04 .64,10
76,78
73,52
73,96
68,62
55,14 ! 44,16
5,48
6,08
11,25
3,84
13,30
8,33
5,17
5,04
Weight of fish, in grams;
2. temperature of water, in
°C;
9e
1.... ,
% o-.- 1
111,1i1 Aonr, 1 ,z•zaz:Ii:
,:, 0 ,/,,, 11<lf C:10- i, C7r.il-
4,38
7,26
6,44
6,15
5,56
9,70
5,76
•5,63
6,82
12,92
5,54
4,22
' 'o 10 •
o-,- at:-
pooror;aiYeno - Lialloro oCi ro 0 C;" 1
Z.:Cala
.1/111-1
GO
30
30
60
30
60
60
30
30
30
30
60
30
60
SO
60
60
30
30
60
1
MCI:a I
•
76,5 :12,1
26,6 • 19,5
19,6
46,0
40,2
6,8
21,8
65,6
67,7
15,5
10,6
43,2
34,8
9,8
33,9
9,2
61,6
13,6
41,7
14,9
58,7
12,9
45,7
9,4
85,1
10,2
40,4 '
8,4
45,2
8,4
53,4
10,6
79;8
17,6
51,9
. 6,0 •
27,8
9,6
1 0.
3.
normal exchange, ml 02/hour;
L. total exchange, ml 0 2/hour;
5.
active exchange, ml 0 2/hour;
6.
oxygen debt, ml 02/hour;
7.
time of liquidation of oxygen debt, in min;
8.
oxygen debt;
9.
percentage of normal exchange;
10.
percentage of active exchange.
For lack of data showing the relatiOnship of the
active exchange to temperature for the species under investigation, we considered it possible to use the temperature coefficients of Krogts curve. We assumed that in the area of
optimum temperature (with minor fluctuations), these coefficients essentially should not differ for the active exchange.
The reduction to a temperature of 20 0 of experimental
data obtained for mullet at 17.5 to 20.5 ° C is justified by
the fact that this species is thermophilic, and the temperatures preferred by it are in the 16 to 26 ° C range. As regards
)./'E1-ets/4., t/e4 ,4204.1.4
the temperature of 11 o C, the r„Qs114.e-la-of data to 20 ° has in
this case been done somewhat arbitrarily for the sake of convenience in comparing the/results of the measurements.
As may be seen from Table 3, the amount of normal
exchange at 11° C fluctuated considerably, and in some experiments was obviously too high.
This is most probably to be
explained by the fact that the temperature specified (11 ° C)
is not optimum for mullet.
11.
It fo:ows from the results of the observations that
the oxygen (- t represents a fairly high value constituting,
on the averc
/109
12% of the activo exchange and over 50% of
the normal e:,change of animals i.e. , fishj The maximum
.
values of the active exchange, allowing for a correction for
the value of the oxygen debt, reached more than 70 ml 02/hour
per fish (or more than 625 mg 02/hour per kilogram of weight
of the fish).
As we have already noted above, the normal exchange
served as the starting level or "background" in the determination of the consumption of energy gi movement in the mullet.
As is knowL3, the basic exchange is determined by the consumption
of energy on "internal work" - on the work of the organs and
tissues that support the vital activity of the organism
(heart, lungs, digestive organs, etc).
Naturally, during intensive swimming the consumption
teLA
of energy
dala
the work of internal organs that assist in the
sustaining of a muscular load, should increase correspondingly.
Consequently, the level of basic exchange during active movement will be much higher than in a state of rest.
On this
basis we considered it possible to adopt, as the value of the
normal exchange, the consumption of energy during very slight
movement, such consumptiOn being practically equal to
the
consumption of energy on the negligible spontaneous movements
of fish.
The published figures for oxygen debt and the time of
12,
its liquidation, are higher than the ones that we obtained.
Thus in Brett's study (196 ). ), wbich was carried out on young
sockeye salmon (Oncyrhonchus nerka) the amount of oxygen
debt was given as 504 6 mg 02/kg, while the longest recovery
time, measured from the resumption of spontaneous activity
by the fish, was 191 Jz3.8 minutes.
Heath and Pritchard (1961) established that in the
sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus Raf.) the exchange remains accelerated for more than 10 hours after the end of intensive
mus cular work.
The oxygen debt developing in fingerlings of the Baltic
salmon (Salmo salar, L.), when these fish swam in a revolving
chamber, reached 87% of the normal exchange at the greatest
speed, and 48% of the active exchange (Ivlev, 1962a).
In a
number of studies (Black and others, 1957, 1959 and 1960) it
has been indicated that no less than six to eight hours are
required for the complete recovery of the oxygen debt.
The considerable discrepancies between the results
obtained by us and the data of the above authors is explained
by a number of reasons, and primarily by the ecological and
physiological peculiarities of the subjects. Identical reactions cannot be expected (even under the influence of
uniform stimuli) among fish of different ecological groups.
The capacity of animals
the fis127to react one way or
another to the influence of environmental factors (temperature,
partial oxygen pressure, etc.), a capacity that is determined
13.
by their adapt:_re qualities, inevitably affects the results
/,110
of the measurcts of the exche e
Moreover, one of the essontial reasons for the discrepancy between published data and our own data is to be
found in the conditions under which the experiments were
carried out.
The main task of the present research was to find out
if the accumulation of an oxygen debt in fish took place ab
in
fairlyhgswmnped(otxcinghseobrvd
nature, i.e., without the use of special stimuli).
In our experiments the only stimulus impelling the fish
to swim at one or another speed, was the action of a stream
of water, which caused a natural rheoreaction in the fish.
The swimming speed that we selected caused,
in the mullet,
fatigue of a functional nature that in all probability did not
have an adverse effect on the state of the fish during the
recovery period. After the completion of intensive muscular
workthe fish did not lose the capacity to swim, and when an
intensive load was again applied, they could once more move
at the assigned speed in the specified time. During this period
breathing did become difficult, but not one fish died from
this, with the exception of cases where fish got into the
experiment that had experienced prior oxygen starvation (the
results of such measurements were excluded from the data that
we have given.)
In almost all of the studies by other authors maximum
loads were applied that caused profound fatigue in the fish,
after which they were completely immobile during the recovery
period; not infrequently, sonie fish died.
The most important difference in the conditions under
which the experiments were carried out, may be considered to
be the absence, in our experiments, of electric stimuli, which
impel fish to swim with a maximum, and occasionally an excessive,
load.
Regardless of the weakness of electric stimuli that have
been used for "urging on" fish, when operated against a background of maximum loads, they have in a number of cases caused
the fish to collapse or die.
The cause of death, naturally, has not lain in the
electrical stimuli themselves, but rather in the profound
oxygen starvation of the cells and tissues of the fish under
these conditions.
Here the rapidly growing oxygen needs of
the fish conflicted with the capabilites of the systems providing for the consumption and transport of oxygen in the
organism.
It is interesting to note that the capacity of an
organism to withstand maximum.loads is increased by conditioning. Animals Lrishjacquire the capacity normally to
withstand an increase in the amount'of the oxygen debt.
Thus it has been shown that a "trained' rainbow trout
(Salmo gairdneri) can withstand an oxygen debt 50 percent
greater than that in "untrained" fish (Hochachka, 1961).
Unfortunately there are still no data on the active
exchange in aquatic mammals, which are interesting for the
/111
J.
fact that some species can remain a long time under water at
high speeds of movement.
The capacity to accumulate an oxygen debt at very
heavy loads and then to liquidate it under the conditions of
calmer movement, represents one of the adaptive features ofan organism that permit an animal sixcessfully to develop high
speeds when it is pursuing rapidly moving prey, when it is
defending itself against atback by another predator, etc.
An oxygen debt is formed in fish not only under
maximum loads but also at lower cruising speeds.
The amounts
of the oxygen debt in the latter case are considerably less
than at maximum speeds of movement, but hère ; too, they represent an important addition to the total level of active
exchange in fish.
Conclusions
1. The amount of oxygen debt in mullet weighing 110
to 190 grams at a speed of movement of 88 cm/sec and a duration of action of 30 minutes is over 12% of the active exchange
and 50% of the normal.exchange.
2. The time required to liquidate the oxygen debt
developing in mullet under these conditions, ranges from 30
to 60 minutes.
3. The determination of the amount of oxygen debt
durjing
developing/tensive muscular work, represents a necessary
element in the assessment of the levels of active exdhangein
fish.
16.
Biblion;raphy
Alekseeva, K. D.
Intensivnostt dykhaniya nekotorykh
morskikh ryb pri aktivnom dvizhenii.
Trudy Sevastopoll skoi biologicheskoi
stantsii.
(The intensity of breathing in some
marine fish during active movement.
Publications of the Sevastopol Biological Station, l5, 1964).
Alekseeva, K. D.
Zavisimosti aktivnogo obmena ot
skorosti dvizheniya kefali. Tezis IV
nauchnogo soveshchaniya po evolyutsionnoi fiziologii, posvyashchennogo
pamyati L. A. Orbeli.
(The relation of the active exchange
to the speed of movement of mullet.
Summary of the Fourth L. A. Orbeli
Scientific Conference on Evolutionary
Physiology, - 1965).
Vinberg, G. G.
Intensivnostt obmena i pishchevye
potrebnosti ryb.
(The rate of exchange and the food
requirements of fish. Minsk, 1956).
17.
Ivlev e V. S.
Aktivnyi energetichoskii obmen u
mallkov ba1tiiskogo lososya. Voprosy
ikhtiologii.
(Active energy exchange in Baltic
salmon firgerlings. Problems of
ichthyology, 2 e 1, 1962a.)
Ivlev, V. S.
Tekhnika izmerenii aktivnogo obmena.
V knige: Rukovodstvo po metodike
issledovanii fiziologii re.
(The technique of measurin -: active exchange .. In the book, Manual of
Methods of Fish Physiology Research,
Moscow, 1962b.)
3 1 a c k E. C. Alterations in tile blood level of lactic acid id certain sainio:told fishes foilo•,ving musc.ular activity. 1. Kamloops trout, Saleno gaircitzeri.—
J. Fish. Re.s. Bd. Canada, 14;2, 1957a.•
Black E. C. Alte.rations in the blood level cf lactic acid in certain salinonoid fishes following muscular activity. IL Lake trout, Salvelinus nantaycush.7–
J. Fish. Res. 13d. Canada, 14, 4, 1957b.
in certain saint°in the blood level of lactic acid
—
. 13 1a ck E. C. Alterations
44,
4
uoid f•s.Ies Rdlowing nu:s...;:lar ;:c!ivn V. Ill. Sockeye salmon, Ourorhyrrehus
.1. Fish. Res, 134 , Canada, 14, G, 1O57e. • •
Black E. C., Chiu W.-C., Farb es F. D. a. Hanslip A. R. Changes in
pH, carbonate and laelaie, of the blood of year ling kamloops trou t, Salta° gaird-
neri, during and following severe muscular activity.— J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada,
f5,4, 1959.
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OXYGEN DEBT DURING INTENSE. MUSCULAR WO:
IN LONGFINNED MULLET
K. D. ALE XEE VA
Summary
.410
i
Oxygen
debt and duration of recovery period during intense muscular work
„.
t
ç in long-finned mullet (Mugit auratus R i s s o) werc.., determined.
The measurements were carried out in the circular respirometer, hydrodynai
; mic tunnel type, at movement velocity of 88 cm/sec and duration of performan-
ce-30 min.
i
It was shown that the value of oxygen debt in longfinned mullet with an
li average weiceht
of 110-190 0.,
:-. made up 12%' frOITI the active and 50% from «tl,
:-,
1 standart metabolism.. Recovery of oxygen debt following fatigue required from
SO to 60 min.
Thus it was shown that determination of oxygen debt value taking place du..
i
'muscular work was necessary in estimating the levels of active meI ring intense
.
:1 tabolism.
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