ARK-E3505
S U S TA I N A B L E
BUILDING
DESIGN
8.2.2016
LARS-ERIK
M AT T I L A
E N E R G Y: T H R E E A P P R OAC H E S
LUUKKU HOUSE
FIVE TREE HOUSE
M U LT I - S T O R E Y H O U S E O F T H E F U T U R E
LUUKKU HOUSE
www.sdfinland.com
puuinfo.fi
suomen
asuntomessut
suomen
asuntomessut
suomen
asuntomessut
www.sdfiland.com
suomen ympäristökeskus
www.teerenhovi.fi
T HTHE
E F FIVE
I V E TREE
T R E EHOUSE
HOUSE
FIVE TREES // ONE YEAR // ONE HOUSE // ZERO EMISSIONS
of
ofwood
woodpellets
pellets
emissions
21%
21%electricity
electricity
ZeroC0
C022emissions
of wood pelletsZero
91% efficiency
91%
91%efficiency
efficiency
21% electricity
Northern
Northern climate
climate sustainable
sustainable housing
housing solutions
solutions
Next
Nextgeneration
generation
Current
Currentgeneration
generationFive cubic meters
sustainable
sustainablehouse
house of wood pellets
Five trees
Micro CHP plant
70% heat
sustainable21%
house
house
91% efficiency sustainable
electricity
Micro CHP plant
70% heat
91% efficiency
21% electricity
One year living
Zero C02 emissions
One year living
Zero C02 emissions
Five cubic meters
Five trees
NORTHERN
CLIMATE
SUSTAINABLE HOUSING SOLUTIONS
of wood pellets
kWh
kWh
Northern climate sustainable housing solutions
kWh
kWh
Plant new trees
Plant new trees
The current generation approach to sustainable housing is to focus on highly optimized building envelope and photovoltaics to generate household energy.
Northern
climate sustainable housing solutions
Next generation
Current
generation
Electricity
Electricitygeneration
generation
In a northern climate this has the drawback of being ineffective during the winter months when the grid is most strained, while during the summer months it
Electricity
Electricityconsumption
consumption
sustainable
house
sustainable
house
produces
a surplus
of electricity that the grid cannot effectively use. ThisNext
approach
often overlooks the accompanying technical complexity and high embodied
generation
Current
generation
energy
costs of thehouse
technology.
sustainable
kWh
kWh
Current generation sustainable house
kWh
Jan
Jan
Electricity
Electricityshortage
shortage
Next generation sustainable house
kWh
Dec
Dec
Electricity
Electricitysurplus
surplus
sustainable house
Jan
Jan
Electricity generation
Electricity consumption
Electricity generation
Electricity surplus
Electricity consumption
Electricity shortage
Electricity surplus
Dec
Dec
Electricity shortage
kWh
kWh Jan
1800
1800 Jan
Dec
Jan
Dec
Dec
Jan
Dec
1600
1600
1400
1400
kWh
1200
1200
1800
kWh
1000
1000
FIVE TREE HOUSE
Heat
Heatgeneration
generation
Heat
Heatsurplus
surplus
Heat
Heatand
andhot
hotwater
waterdemand
demand
1600
800
800
1800
1400
600
600
1600
1200
400
400
1400
1000
1200
200
200
800
1000
00
600 11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
10
10
11
11
12
12
Month
Month
Electricity
Electricitygeneration
generation
Electricity
Electricitysurplus
surplus
Heat
generation
Electricity
Electricity
consumption
consumption
Heat surplus
Heat
hot water demand
Heat and
generation
Heat surplus
Heat and hot water demand
Electricity generation
1800
1800 Jan
Dec
Jan
Dec
1600
1600
1400
1400
kWh
1200
1200
FIVE TREE HOUSE
Heat
Heatgeneration
generation
Heat
Heatsurplus
surplus
Heat
Heatand
andhot
hotwater
waterdemand
demand
1800
kWh
1000
1000
1600
800
800
1800
1400
600
600
1600
1200
400
400
1400
1000
1200
200
200
800
1000
00
600
800 11
400
600
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
10
10
11
11
12
12
Month
Month
Electricity
Electricitygeneration
generation
Electricity
Electricitysurplus
surplus
Heat
generation
Electricity
Electricity
consumption
consumption
Heat surplus
Heat
hot water demand
Heat and
generation
Heat surplus
Heat and hot water demand
Electricity generation
Electricity surplus
Electricity generation
consumption
Electricity
Electricity surplus
Electricity consumption
THE FIVE TREE HOUSE
200
400
0
200
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Month
FIVE TREES // ONE YEAR // ONE HOUSE // ZERO
EMISSIONS
Heating demand dimensions CHP usage
Electricity demand dimensions CHP usage
(April-October)
(November-March)
Natural ventilation reduces electricity demand by 1 MWh
Use of electrostatic
particle separation
reduces particulate
Plant
Plantnew
newtrees
trees
Micro
MicroCHP
CHPplant
plant Five trees 70%
70%heat
heat Five cubic meters
One
Oneyear
yearliving
living
Micro CHP
plant up to 90%70 % heat
emissions
emissions
91%
91%efficiency
efficiency
21%
21%electricity
electricity
ZeroC0
C022emissions
of wood pelletsZero
91% efficiency
21% electricity
using
using solutions
solutions
Electricity demand
Next
Next
generation
results
in generation
surplus
heatheat
Micro CHP plant
70%
sustainable
sustainable
house
house
91% efficiency
21%
electricity
when
the ventilation
Intake air is cooled
withOne
water
from
year
living
emissions
Zero
C0
ground loop2
Heating demand
Plant new trees results in surplus
electricity when the
One year living
Zero CO2 emissions
Plant new trees
Intake air is
pre-warmed with
water from ground
?
nt new trees
nt new trees
hold energy.
generation
generation
mer months it
consumption
consumption
gh embodied
surplus
surplus
shortage
shortage
generation
consumption
generation
surplus
consumption
shortage
surplus
!
+ 6.0
SEDUM ROOF
+ 4.5
+ 3.7
FABRIC
OFF-GRID WITH SIMPLICITY
+ 0.8
+ 0.8
EAST ELEVATION 1:100
SECTION A 1:100
+ 6.0
The next generation approach takes a more nuanced view towards the challenge of sustainable living.
By understanding the limitations and advantages of available technology, the Five Tree House enables
a new sustainable lifestyle rather than passively supporting an outdated one. Utilizing a micro CHP
(Combined Heat and Power) system powered by wooden pellets, the house achieves its heating and
electricity needs annually through the consumption of five trees. The five trees provide a renewable
+ 0.8
SOUTH ELEVATION 1:100
SECTION B 1:100
?
embodied co2 40 000
RE-PURPOSED WOOD
TOTAL 15 000 KG
8
12
7
!
11
10
+0.45
6
+0.8
2
5
?
4
21 % HVAC
+0.8
1.
2.
3.
4.
LIVING AREA
DINING AREA
GREENHOUSE
BEDROOM
5. BATHING
6. WC
7. KITCHEN
8. WORK / GUEST ROOM
?
!
?
9. STORAGE
10. PELLET STORAGE
11. MICRO CHP
12. HEAT STORAGE
?
SEDUM GREEN ROOF 70 mm
LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER PANEL 39 mm
VENTILATION GAP 150 mm
ONE STOREY BUILDING
+
+
+
+
TERRACE ACTIVITIES
RIGID INSULATION 50 mm
EASILY REPLACABLE FACADE BOARDS
+
MADE OF RE-PURPOSED WOOD
CELLULOSE INSULATION 530 mm
WOOD PANEL 20 mm
!
EXTERIOR FACADE BOARDS 20-100 mm
BRING THE NATURE IN
VENTILATION GAP 75 mm
optional cover
!!
SEASONAL GROWTH
EXTERIOR FIBERBOARD SHEATHING 25 mm
FOOD STORAGE INSIDE THE BUILDING
CELLULOSE INSULATION 200 mm
!
+
outdoor fireplace
feel the nature
?
?!
CONCRETE FOUNDATION COLUMN
GLULAM BEAM 550 mm
?
?!
?!
?
NORTH ELEVATION 1:100
VISIBILITY OF
PELLETS
NEXT GENERATION
?
water demand
neration
rplus
nsumption
neration
rplus
nsumption
!
?
22 % CONCRETE
+
RAMP
3
water demand
ion
!!!
???
ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
12 % GLASS
BARRIER-FREE ACCESSIBILITY
! !
??
B
1
PLAN 1:100
UNDERSTANDABLE
38 % WOOD PRODUCTS
EMBODIED CO2 40 000 KG
7 % OTHER
eneration
neration
rplus
rplus
ion
onsumption
nsumption
SEDUM ROOF
CARBON FOOTPRINT
+0.8
twater
waterdemand
demand
e air is
warmed with
from ground
!
NEXT GENERATION SUSTAINABLE LIVING
A
9
FABRIC
+
CLT
and carbon neutral energy resource that is no longer an abstract source of energy, but one that the
inhabitants of the home can actively support through the annual planting of trees.
tion
ion
!
?
shortage
HP usage
r-March)
RE-PURPOSED WOOD
+
5 PLY CLT PANEL 100 mm
food storage
WOOD FLOORBOARDS 25 mm
UNDERFLOOR HEATING 25 mm
fruit tree as additional shading
+
+
CELLULOSE INSULATION 325 mm
VEGETABLE GROWTH
EXTERIOR DECKING 25 mm
HIGH LEVEL OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY
!
ADJUSTABLE FABRIC SCREENS
!
SUN- AND PRIVACY PROTECTION
FLEXIBILITY
SEASONAL LIVING
+
summer
winter
storage
sun
+
shad
EXTERIOR FIBERBOARD SHEATHING 25 mm
?
CONCRETE COLUMN 200 mm
FOAM GLASS INSULATION 100 mm
ing
CONCRETE FOOTING 1m2
?
!
?
!
privacy
AXONOMETRIC DETAIL 1:25
!
!
?
As the community grows, the planted trees enhance the community in the form of a recreational forest.
The trees grow to replace the existing technical infrastructure that is complex and vulnerable to outages.
The forest is a more resilient source of energy and promotes a healthy relationship with nature.
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE TOWARDS SOUTH
T H E FIV E T RE E H O U SE BY AALTO U NIV ER SIT Y - NEX T GENER ATION SU STA INA B L E HOU SE I N TAI KI - CHO I NT ERNAT I ONAL ST UDENT COMPE T I T I ON
1 /2
TERRACE PERSPECTIVE TOWARDS WEST
T HE FI VE T R EE H O US E BY AALTO UNIV ERS IT Y - NEX T GENER AT IO N S US TAINAB LE H O US E IN TAIK I- CH O INT ERNAT IO NAL S T UD ENT CO MP E T IT IO N
2/2
T H E M U LT I - S T O R E Y
HOUSE OF THE FUTURE
Sörnäinen
M
Kalasatama
M
unfiltered air
intake
district heating from CHP-plant
cast iron
radiators